FI88948B - Plate-bearing apparatus with a dial indicator - Google Patents

Abstract

A plate-bearing apparatus which functions with a dial indicator and according to the invention can be constructed in such a low and light manner that the apparatus is not rigidly coupled to a working machine as previously. The apparatus can be moved by car from one workplace to another and it can be used in workplaces where a working machine cannot. The main principle of the solution and the major difference from the known plate-bearing apparatus with a dial indicator is the division of the pressing device 8 which loads the bearing plate 1 into a number of separate pressing devices 8 which are mounted symmetrically in relation to one another and press symmetrically from the sides of the bearing plate 1, dividing the bearing force by means of an intermediate substance, for example hydraulic oil, symmetrically to different sides of the bearing plate 1. The solution renders mechanical links to the bearing plate unnecessary and leaves free space for the dial indicator 18 with a position 19 in the centre of the bearing plate 1, there being no requirement for measurement space between the links and a pressing device. When there are no mechanical links and measurement space above one another, the apparatus is made considerably lower and is accommodated, for example, below the main beam in the lorry, which is used as a counterweight. When the apparatus is below the main beam, no support frame is required, and the apparatus is considerably lighter. <IMAGE>

Description

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SINGLE DIMENSIONAL PLATE LOADING DEVICE

The invention relates to a plate-load 1 device operating with one measuring coil. The device is used to measure the properties of the ground in roads and building foundations.

R · plate loading devices with one gauge are previously known in which:

The load plate is loaded on the implement - usually a truck - permanently with special brackets and one hydraulic cylinder attached by a support sleeve.

The plate is articulated to the cylinder load arm by mechanical means.

There is a measuring space between the ball joint and the load arm end of the cylinder for the dial gauge.

The implement is needed to provide hydraulic power and counterweight, as well as to move the implement.

15 The disadvantages of these single-cylinder single-cylinder and mechanical joint plate loading devices are:

In order to achieve the required load force of 60 kN in the plate load test, one hydraulic cylinder must be 20 large and heavy.

The mechanical joint of the plate part increases the height of the device and the weight of the plate part.

In addition, due to the high overlapping structure - plate + joint + dipstick + hydraulic cylinder - the attachment point of the hydraulic-25 cylinder is so high on the implement. compared to the frame beams of a truck or grader,; that a large and heavy support frame is required to bring the attachment of the cylinder:::: into the frame beams that can withstand the required load.

30 The weight and large size mean that the device cannot be transported · *: · even in a car-sized vehicle, let alone carried, but a truck is needed to move the device.

:. "The high overlapping structure of the parts - 1 plate + joint + measuring 35 clock space + hydraulic cylinder - makes it impossible to place the machine low enough to be placed. For this reason, the machine must have special fasteners - bushings welded to the frame beams - for the device 40, and no stationary machine can be used.

*: * ·: Due to its weight, size and height, the known single-load unit 1 must be permanently mounted on a sufficiently heavy implement.

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The device according to the invention provides a decisive improvement in the above-mentioned drawbacks.

To achieve this, the device according to the invention is characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing part of claim 5.

The main advantages of the invention are: 1. The low structure of the device, which enables the plate loading device to be placed under the frame beams of the machine, whereby the device does not have to be fixedly mounted in batches on the machine, but any sufficiently heavy machine can be found on site.

2. The device can be moved from one construction site to another with an ordinary passenger car, which saves on the use of expensive heavy equipment and makes the transfer much more convenient when the construction sites are long distances apart.

3. The device can also be used to perform measurements in trenches that cannot be accessed by a device permanently installed on the implement. In this case, a concrete beam, for example, can act as a counterweight.

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The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawing. The drawing includes 5 figures illustrating the invention or part thereof as follows: 5 Figure 1: Front view of a plate loading device.

Figure 2: Disc loading device from the side.

Figure 3: Spherical surface in the middle of the load plate (1) 13). Figure 4: Top plate (1).

Figure 5: Perspective view of 1 plate loading device.

The invention consists of two parts of a load plate (11) already a loading device (2).

The load plate (1) is a cylindrical solid plate with a spherical surface (3) in the middle. The distance of each point on the surface from the center of the lower surface of the plate is the same, indicated by the radius r115. A thin buoy ring (4) wraps around the upper surface of the load plate (1) which prevents the arms of the hydraulic cylinders from sliding off the top of the plate. The edge of the plate has lifting handles (5) at opposite edges.

At the top of the loading device (2) there is a body plate (6) with lifting handles (7) at opposite edges. Three similar hydraulic isyl Inters (8) are symmetrically attached to the frame plate (6) to produce the required load force. The ends of the push rods (9) of the hydraulic cylinders (8) have a radius r2.

The oil spaces above the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders (8) are connected by piping (10) and the oil spaces below the pistons by piping (11). When the load is loaded, the load is evenly distributed among all the cylinders via hydraulic oil, even if the load plate is removed, thus the load plate is articulated to the load device. The hydraulic cylinders (8) are controlled by a solenoid directional valve (12). The directional control valve (12) is controlled! manually via the pushbuttons (27) or automatically via the control computer (26).

35 The quick connectors (13) supply hydraulic oil via hoses from the implement's hydraulic pump.

Above the base plate (6), in the middle of the base plate, there is a cylindrical force sensor (14) for measuring the force applied to the load. The measurement is performed by - 40 control computers (26). In the middle of the upper part of the force sensor (14) there is a thread into which the adapter pin (15) is screwed, the adapter pin (15) corresponds to the frame beam (16) of the implement and • transmits the counterweight via the force sensor (14) to the load device. to the base plate (6). There are several adapter pins (15) for different frame heights of 45 different sizes.

: The piping (10) and (11) are routed in such a way that two of the three openings (17) between the hydraulic raul isyl interien (8) are sufficiently open at their lower parts to allow the measuring dial base (19) supporting the electric dial (18) to fit hydraulically. 50 between raul cylinders (8).

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Below the base plate (6) there is a connection box (20) for connecting the cable of the force sensor (14), the cable of the electric gauge 1 (18), the cables of the directional valve 1 (12), the operating voltage cable (21) and the cable 5 of the control computer (26). together.

* The supply voltage is obtained from the implement battery with the supply voltage cable (21), the cable end has cable lugs (22) which can be connected directly to the implement battery terminals.

The dipstick base (19) is a T-shaped tube 10 made of tube with cranks (23) at the ends of all the branches, which rotate the legs (24) made of a screw bar.

By rotating the knife (23), the height of the measuring stand (19) can be changed. In the middle of the longest tube of the measuring base stand (19) there is a holder (25) in which an electric measuring clock (18) is placed.

During use, the dial gauge stand (19) is inserted between the hydraulic cylinders (8) through the opening (17) so that the tip of the electric dial gauge (18) corresponds to the ball surface (3).

The measuring unit (18) is an electrical device for measuring the deflection of the plate 20 from the surface (3) relative to the measuring base (19). The electronic dial gauge (18) is read by the control computer (26).

A preferred embodiment of the invention has been described above, other modifications within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the claims are also possible.

One of them is a manual version of the above hardware.

In manual equipment, hydraulic supply and load control are implemented with a hand pump without a mouth valve, the load force is measured with a mechanical pressure gauge from hydraulic oil, the dial gauge is a mechanical dial gauge and the restoring force of the hydraulic cylinders is obtained from the built-in cylinder return spring.

Claims (5)

5,88948 A plate loading device operating on a single gauge, characterized in that the load force applied to the load plate (1) and the application of the load force symmetrically to different sides of the load plate (1), possibly tilting it, are provided by at least three mutually symmetrical (P1 with a fixed suction (8) providing the required thrust and evenly distributing the thrust by means of the thrust medium. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the dial 1 (1a) in which the dial gauge (18) is placed is located between the pushers (8) which give a load force. 1. En med.-N mätki onka fnngerande pl at tbel astni ngsap-15 parat .kännetecknad därav, att belastnings-kraften son 'lelastar bel astningspl at tan (1) ooh belast-ningskra f tens symmetrisi t.et i oi ikä sidor of belts and ns. - -, - Plattan (1), om belastnings Plattan möjligen vinkar, ska utföras 20 minst tie '> y.-kare (8) som är, montat symmetriskt med varrara en basskiva (P), ge> behövliga belast-ningskraften och delar bel astningskiaften symmetriset med hjälp av mellanämne. 7. Liquid apparatus according to claim 1 25 ka nne 1. ecknad därav, at t. Ä tkl ookspl at sen (17)::: var mätklockan (18) skall sättas, är placerat miellän 1 tryckate (8), som ger belastningskraften .