FI73707B - FOERFARANDE FOER POLYKONDENSATION AV VATTENHALTIGA UREA- ELLER MELAMIN-FORMALDEHYD -HARTSBINDEMEDEL SAMT VID DETTA FOERFARANDE ANVAENDBART BINDETILLSATTSAEMNE. - Google Patents

Description

IsIjj ^ Tl ADVERTISEMENT _7___ ° t3l $ [ö] (11) UTLÄGGNINGSSKRIFT 7370 7 C (45): - -i tty

Fete: tr "V 'In t CO 11 1007 V - ν' - ^ (51) Kv.lk.Vlnt.Cl4 C 08 L 61/2 * 4, 61/28, C 08 G 12/12, 12 / 32, C 08 K 13/02 // C 09 J 3/16, FINLAND-FINLAND <c 08 K 13/02, 3 116, 5:07, 5:21) (FI) (21) Patent application - Patentansöknmg 781082 ( 22) Date of application - Ansökningsdag 10.0 * 4.78

National Board of Patents and Registration (23) Starting date Giitighetsdag 10.0 * 4.78

Patent- och registerstyreleen ¢ 41) Published to the public-Btivit offenthg 28 10 78 (44) Date of publication and of publication - T 1 07 87

Ansökan utlagd och utl skriften publicerad ^. u /. o / (86) Kv. application - Int. ansokan (32) (33) (31) Claim claimed - Begärd pnoritet 27.0 * 4.77 Greece-Greece (GR) 53301 (71) Teukros Handelsgesel1schaft AG, Sternengasse 20, Basel, Switzerland-Switzerland (CH) (72) Andrew C. Markessini, Karabournaki, Thessaloniki, Greece-Grek1 and (GR) (7 * 4) Oy Koi ster Ab (5 * 0 Method for polycondensation of aqueous urea or melamine-form 1dehyde resin binders and binder used in this method - Förfarande för polykondensation av wattenhaltiga urea-eller melamine-formaldehyde-resin binders velvet vid detta förfarande användbart bindetM 1sattsämne

The invention relates to a process for the polycondensation of aqueous urea or melamine-phthalaldehyde resin binders, at the same time being permeable to water-permeable cellulose products, and in particular to bonding to particle boards. at elevated temperature and pressure.

The invention further relates to a resin replacement binder for use in this method, which contains a water-soluble alkali metal halide. The addition of this binder to the urea-formaldehyde resins used for bonding hydrogen-free cellulose moieties is technically possible.:·;· 1 Pins:; n: I en ha.rL s J -ki Inoa ir.e determines the use of carnal la , when tuolantoriopeiKir grow without, e-Ni si “omi r · 7 uj in the new occurs no kind of loss.

In the process according to the invention, the rate of hardening of the resin rises at high temperatures to the ureas which have never been achieved with single acid catalysts. When using an acid catalyst Hari s in March t tum.! the speed increases, but still up to a limit where a further increase in the curing rate causes the bound material! in deterioration of properties.

Tunnettujer. the use of catalysts in large quantities makes it possible to carry out the rock condensation even at room temperature (despite the fact that 1 l contains retarders such as ammonia or hexamethylconitotramine). However, this causes the adhesion of the adhesive to room temperature: Dirt deteriorates, which leads to its es ikove ttuinisecn before the skin is introduced into the press, as well as to the known disadvantages of this phenomenon.

However, by adding the binder additive according to the invention, the curing rates can be further increased and thus the Lusai times of the extractor can be shortened without any deterioration in the properties of the bonded material. The addition of a binder additive only affects high temperatures. Therefore, it substantially increases the polycondensation rate of the resin in the heat of the press dirt, but does not affect the hard hourly rate at room temperature at all, so that pre-curing problems can be avoided. The S X C Ci according to the invention 1. X S et s. Ine binds to the resin itself and becomes part of it.

The binder additive according to the invention consisting of an organic and an inorganic component has a synergistic effect. When both components are used separately, a certain increase in the curing rate is obtained for each, but when they are added in combination, an increase greater than the sum of the results obtained with the added components is obtained.

The resin-replacing binder additive according to the invention, which contains a water-soluble or metal halide, is characterized in that the additive consists of an alkali metal halide in the form of an aqueous solution containing in organic form an organic substance consisting of formaldehyde and urea and which aqueous solution may further contain a surfactant, the solids ratio of alkali metal halide to organic matter being 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight of organic matter to 1.0 part by weight of alkali metal halide.

As the halide salt, any soluble alkali metal halide can be used. The binder additive preferably also contains small amounts, e.g. 0.1-2% of a surfactant to improve the resin dispersion.

The process according to the invention is characterized in that the alkali metal halide is added to the binder in the form of an aqueous solution containing in organic form an organic substance consisting of formaldehyde and urea or a combination of non-resinous urea-formaldehyde condensation product and urea. the substance, the solids ratio of the alkali metal halide to the organic matter being 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight of the organic matter to 1.0 part by weight of the alkali metal halide, and the alkali metal halide and the organic substance are present in the binder as a solid in a total amount corresponding to 1 to 30% by weight of the when used without a resin replacement additive.

The resin replacement binder according to the invention (calculated as 100% solids content) can be added in an amount of 1 to 30 l, based on the amount of resin solids used. The most important aspect of the present invention is that the binder additive according to the invention can replace part of the resin without deteriorating the properties of the final product. To achieve this, it is not necessary to add the binder to the amounts corresponding to the amounts of resin replaced, but to add 50-70% of the amount of resin replaced (calculations are based on% by weight and all products are calculated as 100% solids).

Due to its synergism, the binder additive according to the invention can replace the resin up to twice its own weight. This property of the binder is found when the binder is added up to 20% by weight of the resin, which replaces up to 40% by weight of the resin used. When smaller amounts of binder are added, e.g. 3-10%, a significant improvement in the properties of the final product is obtained. amounts, e.g. up to 30%, no difference in the properties of the final product can be observed, but the curing rate increases considerably and the resin is saved.

Binding is achieved by curing the resin at elevated temperatures and pressures in a manner known per se. The binder additive can be used in all types of products using urea-formaldehyde resins for bonding lignocellulosic products, whether it is the production of particle board from wood particles using flat presses or fish pans, or the production of veneer products such as cross plywood.

The quality of the manufactured sheet products was inspected weekly for six months and no deterioration in properties could be observed. This indicates that no degradation of the polymer occurred in the sheet products and that the aging properties of the sheet products were comparable to those of the sheet products prepared in the normal manner.

When replacing large amounts of resin with hitherto known resin substitutes, it is not possible to use previous, known production methods, nor at the same time achieve an increase in the production speed. Known substitutes are, in particular, halide salts, which, however, are used in admixture with urea and formaldehyde additives but are used as such.

Csa from the resin can be replaced by the addition of a halide salt. In this case, however, there are the following limitations compared to the use of the binder additive according to the invention: 1) the production rate does not increase and even decreases with higher substitution amounts because substitutes act as retarders and not catalysts due to the high amount of water present, 2) the substitution ratio can be 1: 1. even a 1: 2 ratio is possible when using a reactive binder according to

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73707 3) larger amounts of resin substitutes can be used when the duo is sprayed separately with the halide salt solution, then allowed to dry and then sprayed with an adhesive. When using the reactive binder 1 according to the invention, larger amounts of resin substitute can be used without the reactive binder having to be sprayed separately and then dried. In the process according to the invention, the reactive binder additive is added to the resin solution, and this solution is used for injecting the wood material in a manner known per se in one step.

In addition, the use of the reactant additive according to the invention results in a considerable reduction in the amount of free formaldehyde in the production of sheet products and the resulting sheet products are almost odorless. This is due to the fact that less resin is used and better efficiency is achieved in production.

The invention is illustrated by the following direct uses.

Example 1

A constant amount of urea-formaldehyde resin (ΒΑ3Γ 28b) was reacted with the binder additive of the invention under controlled temperature and pressure conditions, the composition of the binder additive varying depending on the amounts of ingredients to be emitted from the binder additive solution. The binder additive according to the invention was not used alone, but 1: of an ordinary known catalyst, usually containing ammonium chloride, which may be supplemented with hexamethylenetetramine.

Table I clearly shows the synergistic effect of a binder solution consisting of organic and inorganic components acting as a catalyst solution.

Sample 1, which is to be considered as a blank test and which did not contain the binder additive solution according to the invention, but which contained only known ammonium chloride as a catalyst, had a gel time of 100 seconds at 100 ° C.

Sample 2 contained a certain amount of urea-formaldehyde in addition to ammonium chloride, and the catalytic effect was slightly increased with a gel time of 100 seconds at 100 ° C.

Sample 3 contained ammonium chlorine. ' In addition to din, there was also a certain amount of sodium chloride, but no urea-formaldehyde, and 6 73707 had a weakly elevated catalytic effect with a gel time of 100 seconds at 100 ° C.

In addition to ammonium chloride, Sample 4 contained a mixture of urea-formaldehyde and sodium chloride, with the total amount of mixture added being equal to the total amount of the individual components of Samples 2 and 3. Samples 4, 5, and 6 showed an increased catalytic effect due to the synergism of the components used, with gel times at 100 ° C of 60, 35, and 28 seconds.

Samples 4, 5 and 6 differed in the ratio of the organic component to the inorganic component of the binder solution.

It was found that Sample 6, which had the highest amount of organic material, had the greatest catalytic effect.

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Example 2 This example illustrates the advantages obtained in the manufacture of a chipboard when a binder additive according to the invention is added to the mixture.

The following describes three cases in which the same total amount of solution was used. The differences manifested themselves in different properties caused by the different components of the solution used, as can be seen in Table II below. It should be noted that column A relates to the solution used to spray the fine wood powder, from which the wood powder is used to make the outer surface of the chipboard, while column B relates to the solution used to spray the wood chips, from which the chipboard is made.

Particleboard was prepared in this example by the Bison system by layer formation, i. under the prescribed conditions, which were considered constant in the cases shown in the lime:

Moisture of the plate subject before pressing 10.1 - 0.5 1

Compression temperature 210 ° C

Pressure 35 kp / cm ^ There were no significant differences in the chipboards prepared in this way in any of the three cases (cf. the results summarized in Table II).

Using the three solutions of the invention shown in Table II in the manufacture of particle board, the compression time was shortened as follows: Sample 1: 9.25 s per mm of uncut chipboard thickness, Sample 2: 8.00 s per uncut chipboard thickness per square meter, Sample 3 : 7.30 s per mm of thickness of non - emery chipboard.

Sample 3, which had the highest proportion of organic component compared to the proportion of inorganic component, gave the best results.

This example shows that by using the binder additive according to the invention as a catalyst, it is possible to shorten the compression time in the production of particle boards, and at the same time it is possible to reduce the amount of resin used by up to 30%, 16.30% (sample 2) or 21% (sample 3).

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Example 3 This example illustrates the increase in particle board production rate achieved when a catalyst of the invention (i.e., a mixture of sodium chloride and urea-forinaldehyde monomers) is added to the mixture compared to the rate achieved with sodium chloride only (without urea-formaldehyde monomers).

The results obtained are summarized in Table III, in which Sample 1 contained, in addition to the conventional additives which are added to the resin mixture in the manufacture of particle board, only sodium chloride.

Its gelling time was 30 s, while in Sample 2 with the same additives and the same amount of sodium chloride as in Sample 1, but with the addition of urea and formaldehyde monomers, a gelling time of 28 s was obtained.

Particleboard nails made using Bison equipment under the same conditions had manufacturing speeds of 9 s / mm (Sample 1) and 7 s / mm (Sample 2). The mechanical properties obtained were the same in both cases according to DIN 52 360 to 52 365.

Table III Nävte • ----------- - _____ M'-, -.

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Urea-formaldehyde resin (solids content 65%) li + O 14-0

Water 58 43.42

Ammonium chloride (20% aqueous solution)

Hexamethylenetetramine 8 8

Sodium chloride (100%) 12 12

Jrea (100%) - 9.63

Formaldehyde (10%) - 4.95

Total 230.00 230.00

Gel time in seconds 80 28

Compression time in seconds per mm of uncut chipboard thickness 9 7 3

Density (kg / m) 660 640

Thickness (mm) 16.05 16.20

Elastic modulus L 24500 23200

Tensile strength (kp / cm 2) 6.0 5.2 73707 12

Table III (continued)

Features Sample _1_2 ^ _

Flexural strength (kp / cm 2) 23b 240

Water absorption in% after 24 hours of immersion 4S 6 0

Swelling in% after 24 hours of immersion 13.4 14.9

Example 4 This example illustrates the increased amount of substitution obtained by adding the binder additives of the invention to urea-formaldehyde resin compared to the lower amount of substitution used when germinating sodium chloride alone without the addition of urea-formaldehyde monomer; saadur laser plates were similar in both cases in terms of mechanical properties.

This example illustrates in particular the case where the replacement of the resin with sodium chloride was 1: 1 and the replacement of the resin with a mixture of sodium chloride and urea-formaldehyde was 1: 2. The ground wood chips were treated with the compositions shown in Table IV.

Composition 1 was a blank test in which the resin had not been replaced. The compositions differed in that in composition 2 the resin solids had been replaced only by sodium chloride, while in composition 3 (composition according to the invention) the resin had been replaced by a mixture of sodium chloride and urea-formaldehyde monomers. In Composition 2, 19.5 parts of solid resin was replaced with 19.5 parts of solid sodium chloride.

In Composition 3, 39 parts of solid resin were replaced with 19.5 parts of solid reactive catalyst (i.e., a mixture of sodium chloride, urea and formaldehyde).

Composition 2 had a substitution rate of 1: 1, and composition 3 had a substitution rate of 1: 2.

Particleboards made with both blends had similar mechanical properties, although the solids content of composition 3 was lower. In both cases, the particle boards were prepared by the Bison method, i.e. by continuous layering under the prescribed conditions, and the manufacturing conditions in both cases were as follows: 73707 13

Moisture of the plate subject before pressing 10.5 - 0.5 i

Compression temperature 210 ° C

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The properties (quality) of the manufactured particle boards are shown in Table IV below.

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Table IV (continued)

Properties Composition 1_ 2 3

Density kg / m 2 in 6 '+ 5 630 625

Thickness in mm 16.1 16.5 16.2

Elastic modulus 1 24500 25000 23800

Tensile strength, kp / cm ^ 4.5 5.0 4.8

Flexural strength kp / cn7 235 223 240

Water absorption% teas 2 after 4 hours of immersion 45 50 53

Swelling% in teas 2 after 4 hours of immersion 14 17 16 (1) Reactive catalyst components:

Urea (100%) 19

Formaldehyde (100%) 10

Sodium chloride (100%) 7JL

A total of 100

Example 5

The novelty of the invention is that when high resin substitution rates are desired, it is absolutely necessary to use the binder additive mixture according to the invention to spray the raw material in one step, which can be carried out in all types of particle board systems.

When only sodium chloride and no urea and formaldehyde monomers are added to the resin, in addition to the fact that the rate already shown above shows a low rate, a separate spraying of the wood chips with sodium chloride must be carried out, followed by drying the wood mixture and then spraying with glue. -aineella. This requires additional equipment that costs and reduces production.

Additional steps are necessary because of the low solubility of sodium chloride in water, and because in this case, resin replacement is achieved by adding an amount of solids equal to the amount of solids in the replaced resin. To replace larger amounts of resin, so much water is needed in the mixture that the sheet cannot be dried in a press in one step in a normal compression time.

16 73 70 7

The mixture according to the invention can very well be used to replace larger amounts of resin without thus involving too much water. In this case, the production can be carried out in one step, as is normally the case in particle board production, without the need to change the production steps. This is possible according to the invention because the solubility of the replacement substance in water is higher and thus less water is required, but also because, calculated as solids, there is enough material to replace half the amount.

In order to achieve the same high degree of substitution (35% in this example), the use of the reactive binder according to the invention results in a shorter gel time and thus a higher production rate (mixture 3). When only sodium chloride is used without urea and formaldehyde monomers, the gel time is much longer, because in this case the added substitutes act as retarders and not as catalysts (mixture 2). All these aspects are reflected in the following Table V. This table shows three mixtures:

Mixture 1 is a blank in which a resin has been used without any substitute.

Mixture 2 contains only sodium chloride as a replacement, and Mixture 3 contains a reactive binder according to the invention, i. a mixture of sodium chloride and urea-formaldehyde monomers. The amount of substituted resin in mixtures 2 and 3 is 35% in each. To Mixture 3 is added 37.5 parts of a reactive binder additive which replaces 68.5 parts of solid resin, and to Mixture 2 is added 68.5 parts of sodium chloride which replaces the same amount, i. 68.5 parts of resin. The substitution ratio achieved according to the invention is thus 1: 1.8, while when using sodium chloride the substitution ratio is 1: 1.

The total amount of resin solution in mixture 3 containing the reactive binder additive according to the invention was kept the same as in mixture 1. This was not possible in mixture 2 to which only sodium chloride was added because a large amount of water had to be added to the mixture due to the large amount of resin.

The gel time of the blank was 50 s. The gel time of the mixture containing the reactive binder 3 was 40 s.

II

lv 73707 which allowed a higher production speed; for mixture 2 containing only sodium chloride, the gel time was 110 s because the added substance acted as a retarder instead of the catalyst.

In all three cases, column A contains the solution used to spray the fine wood powder used to make the outer surface of the particle board, while column B in all three cases contains the solution used to spray the wood chips used to make the inside of the chipboard.

Particleboards were prepared using the three different resin blends shown in Table V. The manufacturing method was the Bison system, and the conditions were the same in all three cases: Moisture of the plate subject before compression 10.5 - 0.5 l

Compression temperature 12C ° C

2

Pressure 35 kp / cm

The quality of the manufactured chipboards complied with DIN standards 52 360 - 52 365, and there were no differences in the quality of the boards in cases 1 and 3. In case 2, in which sodium chloride alone was used instead of the reactive binder according to the invention, the properties of the prepared particle board could not be measured because the obtained boards had already disintegrated at normal pressing times. This shows that a high degree of resin replacement (35%) cannot be obtained with sodium chloride alone when the chipboard is manufactured in a manner known per se using a single spraying step.

Components of the reactive binder additive (100%) shown in Table V in%:

Urea (100%) 30

Formaldehyde (calculated per 100 l of solid) 16

Sodium chloride (100%) 55 18 73707

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Example 6 This example illustrates the synergism observed when a mixture of sodium chloride, urea and a non-resinous condensation product of urea and formaldehyde monomers is used in a resin preparation.

The results obtained are shown in Table VI. Sample 1 contained, in addition to the additives of the resin preparation used in the manufacture of ordinary particle board, only sodium chloride; it gave a gel time of 49 s. Sample 2 contained urea and urea-formaldehyde condensate, and it had a gel time of 51 s. Samples 3 and 4 each contained sodium chloride, urea and urea-formaldehyde condensate, the sum of which was equal to the amount of sodium chloride used in sample 1 (all calculated as 100%).

Both sample 3 and sample k had a shorter gel time (k2 s) than samples 1 and 2.

Table VI Sample

Components 1__2_3_ u

Urea-formaldehyde resin (solids content 65%) 140 140 140 140

Ammonium chloride (20% solution in water) 8889

Ammonia, 25 ° Baume 2222

Sodium chloride (100%) 12 - 8.55 5.5

Urea (100%) - 1.73 1.73 3.16

Formaldehyde urea (3C% solution in water) - 2.15 2.15 4.18

Water 64_7 2, 12 63, 57 63

Total 226 226 226 226

Gel time in seconds at 10G ° C 49 51 42 42 __

Formaldehyde urea condensate (low molecular weight) having the following composition: 55 parts by weight of formaldehyde 25 parts by weight of urea 20 parts by weight of water 20 73707

Example 7 This example illustrates the observed synergism when a mixture of potassium chloride, a condensation product of urea and urea and formaldehyde monomers is used in a resin preparation. The results are shown in the following Table VII. Sample 1 is a blank containing water instead of the binder of the invention. Sample 2 contained potassium chloride, and Sample 3 contained a mixture of potassium chloride, urea, and a condensate of urea and formaldehyde monomers. Sample 1 had a gel time of 91 s. Sample 2 gave a weak active effect and a gel time of 82 s. Sample 3 containing a binder according to the invention gave a surprisingly high active effect and a gel time of 42 s.

Table VII Sample

Components 1_2__3_

Urea-formaldehyde resin (solids content 65%) 140 140 140

Ammonium chloride (20% solution in water) 8 88

Ammonia, 25 ° Baume 3 33

Potassium chloride (100%) - 12 12

Urea (100%) - - 7.38 (1)

Formaldehyde urea (80% solution in water) - 9

Water 7 5_ 6 3_46.62

Total 226 226 226

Gel time in seconds at 100 ° C 93 82 42 Formaldehyde urea condensate (low molecular weight) having the following composition: 55 parts by weight of formaldehyde 25 parts by weight of urea 20 parts by weight of water Example 8 This example deals with the preparation of a veneered chipboard. In particular, it illustrates the fact that the binder additive according to the invention can also be used for the production of flat boards, such as, for example, plywood, multilayer boards, veneered boards or other multilayer boards. In this case, a Tianna-type veneer having a thickness of 0.6 mm and a moisture content of 10 L was glued to both surfaces of the ground chipboard. The chipboard had a thickness of 15 mm, a size of 185 x 305 cm and a moisture content of 1 to 2 hours. The mucus was applied to the chipboard with a delayed adhesive.

The plates were pressed at a pressure of 7 kp / em at 120 ° C. two experiments were performed. In Experiment 1, a normal adhesive preparation was used, while in Experiment 2, a preparation according to the invention was used. The compositions of the preparations are shown in Table VIII below.

In Experiment 1, the compression required two minutes to make the plates, and in Experiment 2, a compression time of 1.7 m was required: ·. In the production of veneered particleboards using 111 finished products containing a binder additive according to the invention, the following ecus was obtained:

Increase in production speed 15 1 Glue savings 26%

Table VIII

Components Experience _1____j_

Urea-formaldehyde resin (solid

concentration 65 i) 100 VO

Ammonium chloride (20% solution)

in water) 8 S

Sodium chloride - 6.0 0

Urea (100 L) - 1.62

Formaldehyde (100%) - 2.33

Water - "1.55

Flour 7 10

A total of 115 118

Example 9 This example illustrates the observed synergism when using a mixture of sodium chloride and urea-formaldehyde monomer in a melamine-formaldehyde resin-based resin preparation. The resin used was Kauramin 542 (BASF).

The results obtained are shown in Table IX. Sample 1 was a blank sample. Sample 2 contained the usual har t s ί. in addition to ammonium 22 73707 ammonium chloride and ammonia and sodium chloride. Sample 3 contained, in addition to the usual resin preparation, ammonium chloride and ammonia as well as urea and formaldehyde. All samples had the same gelling time, 65 s. In addition to the conventional resin preparation, sample 4 contained ammonium chloride and ammonia as well as urea, formaldehyde and sodium chloride, giving the total amount of mixture added equal to the total amount of individual components added in samples 2 and 3. Sample * 4 is an example of a binder additive according to the invention and the gel time obtained for it was considerably lower, 48 s.

Table IX

Components Show you _1_2__3_4_

Melamine-formaldehyde resin (solids content 65%) 140 140 140 140

Ammonium chloride (20% solution in water) 8 388

Ammonia, 25 ° 3aume 2 2 2 2

Sodium chloride (100%) - 12 - 12

Urea (100%) - - 3.23.2

Formaldehyde (100%) - 1.65 1.65

Water 2 6 6 4 _71,15 5 9, 15

Total 226 226 226 226

Gel time in seconds at 100 ° C 65 65 65 48

Similar results are obtained when, in the above examples, sodium or potassium chloride is replaced by lithium chloride or sodium, potassium or lithium fluoride, bromide or iodide.

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Claims (4)

1. A process for polycondensation of water-containing urea or melanin-formaldehyde resin binders, whereby wettable permeable cellulose products are simultaneously bound, and advantageously, dc as clamps are used, additive binder, and the polycondensation is carried out at elevated temperature and elevated pressure, characterized in that the alkali metal halide is added to the binder as an aqueous solution containing, in a loose form, an organic imne consisting of formaldehyde and urea or a composition of a non-resinous corensified urea and formaldehyde and urea products, and which aqueous solution may additionally contain a surfactant, the solid matter ratio of the alkali metal halide and the organic substance a "1 0.1-1.5 parts by weight of organic matter per 1 , 0 parts by weight of alkali metal halide, and alkali metal the halide and the organic substance are present in the binder as a solid in a total amount equal to 1 to 30% by weight of the amino resin solid present in the amino resin binder since it is used without additives which replace the resin. 2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkali metal halide is sodium: chloride and the organic substance Sr formaldehyde and urea. The resinous additive binder used in carrying out the process of claim 1, which contains a water-soluble alkali metal halide, characterized in that the additive consists of an alkali metal halide in the form of an aqueous solvate in soluble form and contains an organic substance which contains an organic substance. or a composition of a non-resinous condensation product of urea and formaldehyde and of urea, and which aqueous solution may further contain a surface active agent, the solids content of the alkali metal halide and the