FI72494C - Safety device when lifting persons. - Google Patents

Description

72494 PERSONNEL SECURITY DEVICE

The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of the claim, which ensures that personal injuries cannot occur due to damage to the lifting machinery when hoists are lifted by cranes or similar devices.

Today, hoisting work with cranes is carried out using a hoisting platform with the help of a crane hoisting machine. In it, the spirit hoist basket is supported by a steel rope, the other end of which is attached to the rope roller of the hoisting machine. From the roller it is led to the lifting element by means of rope pulleys, from where it is further passed through the rope pulleys to the end of the boom to which its other end is attached. The rope roller of the hoisting machine is rotated by a hoisting motor, the rotational speed of which is controlled by the controller 1. When the lifting gear is not in use, the roller is prevented from rotating by the stop brake. In this case, only one steel rope with rope machines is worth the platform. If any damage to the lifting gear occurs during lifting, eg the lifting rope breaks or the retaining brake does not hold, the lifting basket will fall. In this case, serious personal injury is usually not avoided.

Numerous damage to lifting equipment during lifting operations has resulted in serious personal injury and loss of life. Nothing could be done to avoid these accidents due to a lack of usable equipment.

The previously known devices disclosed in SE patent publication 217 576 (B 66 b 5/08) and SE publication 381 025 (B 66 D 5/24) are used to secure personnel lifting work with a building elevator or other similar lifting device. The devices include a roller for storing and rewinding the safety rope and a brake or similar device for holding the roller. These devices do not correspond to the device according to the invention, because the devices lack a means by which the speed of the safety rope is kept the same as the speed of the hoisting rope, no matter how the hoisting machine is used at any speed.

Another variable to the speed of the hoisting rope is the diameter of the roll ______ - · l.

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Growth as rope layers increase on the roll. Although both devices have similar machine parts, the above-mentioned devices as such are not suitable for use in cranes as the device according to the invention.

The previously known device disclosed in DE Application No. 2 112 659 (B 66 C 13/04) is used in cranes for loading piece goods. The device prevents the part from rotating. The device includes a rope, a roller, a slip clutch, a motor and a gearbox. As in the previous devices, similar machine elements are present in this device as in the device according to the invention. Of course, it is not intended to patent these machine members, but to use them to design a device suitable for use in parallel with crane lifting mechanisms to secure the lifting operations performed on them. The purpose is to patent the operating idea of the device, ie what is new and original in the device.

The previously known device disclosed in CH patent publication 520 072 (B 66 f 17/00) is a winch device comprising a generator for switching off the driving force when the rotational speed exceeds a predetermined value. Po. a generator is not necessary in the device according to the invention, although its necessity is undeniable. The disconnection generator is set out in the preamble of the claim, which also shows other previously known devices used in the personnel safety device.

The biggest problem in the design of the device according to the invention was three factors: 1. How to keep the safety rope taut in all operating situations 2. How to during the lowering movement to monitor the speed of the hoisting rope so that it does not sway between the second layers of rope on the drum and damage the rope or become pinched so that the lifter remains suspended on the securing rope.

Point 1 is solved in such a way that the drive motor of the securing device always rotates in the same direction at a sufficient speed, be it the lifting or lowering movement of the passenger car. In this case, the safety rope remains taut in all operating situations.

Step 2 is solved by using a sliding switch between the drive motor and the roller.

Point 3 is solved in such a way that the rotational speed of the drive motor is reduced during the lowering movement of the passenger car, whereby the torque transmitted by the sliding clutch is reduced, preventing the safety rope from wedging between the rope layers on the drum.

The device according to the invention uses a sliding switch and a drive motor which always rotates in the same direction as the device according to DE 2112659 for the same purpose, so these attributes are placed in the preamble of the claim.

With the devices according to the invention, the above-mentioned personal injuries can be avoided. To achieve this, the device according to the invention is characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The most important advantage of the invention is that the device can be used to eliminate personal injuries in those cases of damage to the lifting machinery which occur with cranes or other similar devices during personal lifts.

In the following, the invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

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Figure 1 is a schematic top view of the device. Figure 2 shows an application example of the installation of the device in a tower crane.

Markings in Figures 1 and 2: 1) safety rope, 2) rope roller, 3) device body, 4) bevel gear with bevel gears, 5) slip clutch, 6) electric motor, 7) retaining brake with drive mechanisms, Θ) gripper, 9] transmission wheels, 10) electric motor, 11) speed controller (generator), 12) securing the rope with a boom, 13) hoisting trolley, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18) rope pulleys, 19) lifting platform, 20) crane lifting gear and 21) hoisting. holding member.

Location and operation of the safety device:

In Figure 2, the securing device is placed on the tower crane's opposite! nopuomi 1 le. It can also be placed elsewhere, depending on the crane design. The safety device works with the lifting mechanism of the rin-ran crane. However, it cannot lift or lower the basket (19) but is carried out by the crane lifting gear (20). Securing The purpose of the device is to support the lifting platform only in the event that the crane's lifting gear is damaged so that the lifting platform begins to fall.

During normal operation of the crane, the support member (15) is at the top, close to the lifting carriage (13). When lifting operations are started, the crane lifting member (21) is fastened in the lower position to the body (19) and the securing device support member (15) is lowered by the motor (10) to the lower position and fastened to the lifting basket. When lifting is started, the motor (6) starts first, the brake (7) opens and the roller (2) is now affected by the torque generated by the motor (6) and transmitted by the sliding clutch (5) and the gear (4), which holds the securing rope (1). ) tense. Only then does the crane lifting gear (20) start. When the lifting movement is stopped, the crane lifting gear stops first, the brake (7) closes s 72494 and the motor (6) stops. In this case, the safety rope remains taut throughout the lifting operation.

Slipping clutch [5), the primary and the secondary side relative speed depends on the lift cage (19) of the lifting speed, so that the switch (5) will slip on the size of the lift event.

This is allowed at least by a fluid clutch with a torque that remains almost constant (10 - 100)% until slip.

When the lowering operation is started, the engine (6) starts and the brake (7) opens, after which the crane lifting mechanism (20) starts. In this case, the lifting member (21) lowers and the weight of the lifting basket (19) begins to pull the securing rope (1) from the roll (2), whereby the roll rotates in the lowering direction, rotating the secondary side of the clutch (5) in the same direction. Since the motor (B) rotates in the direction of movement of the lifting and rotating Ensio side of the switch (5) in the same direction, the relative rotation speed between the primary and the secondary side increases. At the same time, the torque transmitted by the clutch increases. To ensure that the torque does not increase during the descent movement than during the lifting movement (the consequences would be detrimental), the engine speed (6) is reduced during the descent movement. When the lowering movement is stopped, the crane lifting gear (20) first stops, the brake (7) closes and the motor (6) stops. This will tighten the safety rope (1).

Function of the components of the backup device:

The other end of the securing rope (1) is attached to the end of the boom (12), from where it passes to the rope pulley (14) of the movable hoisting carriage (13), from where it further to the rope pulley (15) of the lifting basket support member. From here it continues back to the hoisting pulley (16) of the hoisting carriage, from where it passes through the pulleys (17) and (18) to the roller (2) to which its other end is attached.

The roller (2) is mounted on the frame (3) and its function is to store an extra safety rope on the roller.

The securing device is attached to the crane counterweight boom from its frame (3).

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The bevel gear [4] is equipped with a bevel gear. Its function is to transmit the torque caused by the motor (6) and (10) to the roller (2). Similarly, the function of the gear unit is to transmit the torque caused by the roller to the brake (7) and, if necessary, to the gripper (8).

Slipping clutch (5) Ensio side is fixed to the electric motor (6) shaft, the secondary side being attached to the gold-mavaihteen (4) on the shaft. The function of the coupling is to transfer the desired torque from the electric motor (6) via a bevel gear to the roller (2). In addition, the function of the coupling is to slip so that the safety rope (1) remains taut regardless of the direction or speed of movement of the lifting platform (19). The direction of rotation of the electric motor (6) is always in the direction of the lifting movement when the roller (2) rotates in either direction.

This is made possible by the sliding switch described above. The sole function of the electric motor is to keep the safety rope taut during the movements of the truck. The electric motor has two speeds. The purpose of the brake (7) is to prevent the roller (2) from rotating and to keep the safety rope taut when the crane (20) lifting gear is not in use. It also has the function of preventing the roller from rotating when the crane lifting gear is damaged and the lift basket is in danger of falling.

The torque generated by the motor (10) is transmitted to the roller (2) via the transmission wheels (9). Likewise, the speed monitor (11) is powered by these wheels. The function of the electric motor (10) is to lower the support member (15) when it is attached to the personal lifting basket (19). It is also responsible for lifting the support member when it is removed from the basket.

The task of the speed monitor (generator) is to monitor that the speed of the roller (2) does not exceed a predetermined value. The speed monitor (11) is connected to the crane's electrical system so that it cuts off the power to both the crane's lifting gear and the safety device, so that • both brakes close and the truck stops moving if the roller speed becomes too high. The function of the gripper (3) is to ensure the operation of the brake and to prevent the platform from lowering if the brake is not applied.

II

7 72494 as required to function. When the roll rotation speed exceeds a predetermined value, the gripper operates and smoothly stops the lowering movement of the lift basket. A gripper is only required if the level of safety so requires.

Claims (2)

72494 A device for securing personnel lifting work with cranes or similar devices, the device comprising a safety rope (1), a roller (2) for securing and rewinding the rope, a brake [7] for holding the roller in place, a sliding switch (51) allowing the roller (21) to be arbitrarily direction of rotation and speed, a drive motor (61) which winds the safety rope onto a reel (2) and which keeps the safety rope taut in all operating situations and rotates in the same direction so that the torque it tends to rewind the safety rope a motor (101) by means of which the safety rope (11 can be wound from the roller (21) in the desired direction, a generator (111) intended to cut off the driving force from the safety device if the speed of the roller (21) exceeds a predetermined value backup device in different operating situations, characterized in that the speed of the drive motor (51) is reduced to reduce the torque of the slip clutch (51) and the roller (21) when the securing rope (1) is wound from the roller (2).