FI71392B - ANORDINATION FOR EFFECTIVENESS AV ROEKGASER - Google Patents

Description

71392

APPARATUS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF FLUE GASES

The invention relates to an apparatus for the after-combustion of flue gases, e.g. , through which the mixture of gas and air leaves the chamber.

Previously known devices for burning combustible gases have been described e.g. in the applicant's Finnish patent publications 45,208 and 48,634.

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Patent publication 45 208 discloses a combustion chamber for combustible gaseous substances in which the gases to be combusted are vortexed. The chamber is preferably formed of a spherical body of rotation, on the outer circumference of which the gases 20 are introduced tangentially through one or more nozzles. In this case, a lower pressure is created in the middle of the ball, to which the combustion air is led from outside the ball along the pipe. The combustion gas is removed from the combustion chamber in the direction of the axis of the rotating body.

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Patent publication 48 634 discloses an exhaust gas oxidation and afterburner device specifically for internal combustion engines. This includes a mixing chamber expanding to the center, into which the gases are introduced tangentially through one or more nozzles 30 and rotated. Additional air is introduced at the axis of the mixing chamber and the resulting mixture is led out of the mixing chamber from the opposite side to another spherical combustion chamber. Here are placed spark devices for causing the gas 35 to burn.

2 71392 Until now, the disadvantage of exhaust gas combustion equipment has been e.g. their large size, which has prevented the widespread use of afterburners, e.g. in passenger cars. The movement of the pressure waves has also been difficult to control. In order to achieve high efficiency, the solution has usually been a separate exhaust gas cleaning device, which, however, has been difficult to place in the exhaust system.

In the known devices, the direction of movement of the exhaust gases has had to change greatly, which has been found to increase the problems in the afterburning process.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved device for the afterburning of flue gases which does not have the disadvantages described above. The device according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the appended claims.

The device according to the invention makes the post-combustion process of the exhaust gases successful with a simple device, e.g. placed between the exhaust pipes, which does not substantially increase the normal resistance caused by the exhaust system and which can at the same time be part of the exhaust system. The device according to the invention operates on the principle of flow-through so that the main velocity component of the exhaust gases 25 does not substantially change due to the afterburner. The device acts as part of the exhaust system, attenuating, for example, the sound generated by the internal combustion engine and thus increasing the power of the sound attenuator.

30 Explosions in internal combustion engines cause a reciprocating pulse that is difficult to attenuate in the exhaust system with a muffler. The device according to the invention also functions excellently as equalizers for these pressure waves. In the afterburner, the control plate and the throttle part prevent the pressure-35 kut backwards in the afterburning process and at the same time equalize the reciprocating pressure waves caused by the engine.

5,71392

In the following, the invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which

Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention in a side sectional view and Fig. 1b shows a cross-section C-C thereof;

Figure 2 shows another embodiment of the invention; Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of the invention.

Figure 1 shows a device according to the invention. The device 10 acts as a vortex chamber 1 into which the afterburning gas is introduced tangentially. the chamber is cylindrically symmetrical and widens from the edges toward the center. An air duct 2 is connected to its axis A-A. In the middle of the vortex chamber 1 there is an opening 3 through which the mixture of gas and air leaves the chamber. Said opening 15 is connected to a discharge chamber 4, which is a cylindrically symmetrical space bounded by both a conical outer wall 42 and an inner wall 41. It is connected by an annular channel 5 or opening to the actual combustion chamber 6.

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Arranged in the flue gas inlet duct 8 is an annular duct 9 in which guide vanes or plates 12, 13 are arranged at an angle to the axis A-A.

An electric spark igniter 16 is arranged in connection with the central opening 3 to ensure the ignition of the gas. Mounted in the air duct 2 of the exhaust pipe 17 and 30 are plate-like members 18 which form pressure pockets and thus dampen pressure waves.

The flue gas afterburner according to the invention operates in principle as follows. The flue gases are led 35 tangentially to the vortex chamber 1 along the inlet duct. Due to the pressure difference between the external air pressure and said field, air is absorbed through the air tube 2 into the center of the axially advancing vortex and mixes effectively with the vortex. The temperature of the flue gas vortex is in most cases high enough to cause self-ignition, so that as the gas vortex discharges into the discharge chamber 4, it ignites and is directed through the discharge chamber outlet 5 to the combustion chamber 6 where final combustion takes place. The exhaust exits through the exhaust pipe 17 to the outside air.

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Figure 2 also shows an embodiment of the invention with a series of afterburners as described above. Each device comprises a vortex chamber 1 and a discharge chamber 4 located downstream of the central opening 3. The annular folder 9 leading to the vortex chamber 20 may have either guide vanes 12 or fixed and / or rotating turbine vanes to provide a vortex movement of the gas. Air can be led either through a hollow shaft 19 or through ducts or nozzles 20 in the center of the combustion chamber to the discharge chamber-23. The chamber spaces 1, 4 are spaced apart and the diameter of the first is smaller than that of the next, etc. It is preferable to arrange the pitch angles of the guide vanes 12 so that the pitch angle associated with the latter chamber is larger than that associated with the previous chamber.

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Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the chambers 1, 4 and the air duct 2 are arranged in succession so as to form a symmetrical system. The reciprocating pressure wave inside the exhaust system generates vacuum and suction in the chamber space 35, regardless of the direction of the pressure wave in the exhaust system.

Claims (3)

5,71392 An apparatus for the after-combustion of flue gases, e.g. 2), and in the middle of the vortex chamber there is an opening (3) through which the mixture of gas and air leaves the chamber (1), characterized in that said opening (3) is connected to a discharge chamber (4) which is a cylindrically symmetrical space which bounded by both a conical outer wall (41) and an inner wall (42), and which discharge chamber (4) is connected by an annular channel (5) or opening to the combustion chamber (6). Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that an annular duct (9) is arranged in the flue gas inlet duct (8), in which guide vanes or plates (12, 13) at an angle to the shaft (AA) 20 are arranged, which change the flue gas advancing in the inlet pipe. axial motion as a predominantly tangential rotation as it enters the vortex chamber (1). Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least two of them are connected in series.