FI71344C - Foerfarande foer separation och utvinning av nickel och kopparur komplexmaterial - Google Patents
Foerfarande foer separation och utvinning av nickel och kopparur komplexmaterial Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI71344C FI71344C FI822337A FI822337A FI71344C FI 71344 C FI71344 C FI 71344C FI 822337 A FI822337 A FI 822337A FI 822337 A FI822337 A FI 822337A FI 71344 C FI71344 C FI 71344C
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- copper
- extraction
- recovered
- process according
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 109
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052569 sulfide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000792 Monel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052954 pentlandite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001180 sulfating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel sulfate ketone Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
- C22B23/043—Sulfurated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0002—Preliminary treatment
- C22B15/001—Preliminary treatment with modification of the copper constituent
- C22B15/0013—Preliminary treatment with modification of the copper constituent by roasting
- C22B15/0015—Oxidizing roasting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0002—Preliminary treatment
- C22B15/001—Preliminary treatment with modification of the copper constituent
- C22B15/0013—Preliminary treatment with modification of the copper constituent by roasting
- C22B15/0017—Sulfating or sulfiding roasting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
- C22B15/0071—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/005—Preliminary treatment of ores, e.g. by roasting or by the Krupp-Renn process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
- C22B23/023—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of ferro-nickel or ferro-cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
- C22B23/025—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of a matte or by matte refining or converting into nickel or cobalt, e.g. by the Oxford process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8008053 | 1980-11-17 | ||
| SE8008053A SE446276B (sv) | 1980-11-17 | 1980-11-17 | Forfarande for att separera och utvinna nickel och koppar ur komplexa sulfidmineral |
| SE8100334 | 1981-11-13 | ||
| PCT/SE1981/000334 WO1982001725A1 (en) | 1980-11-17 | 1981-11-13 | A method for separating and recovering nickel and copper from complex materials |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI822337L FI822337L (fi) | 1982-06-30 |
| FI822337A0 FI822337A0 (fi) | 1982-06-30 |
| FI71344B FI71344B (fi) | 1986-09-09 |
| FI71344C true FI71344C (fi) | 1986-12-19 |
Family
ID=20342261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI822337A FI71344C (fi) | 1980-11-17 | 1982-06-30 | Foerfarande foer separation och utvinning av nickel och kopparur komplexmaterial |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4585477A (forum.php) |
| EP (1) | EP0052595B1 (forum.php) |
| JP (1) | JPS57501735A (forum.php) |
| AU (1) | AU543453B2 (forum.php) |
| CA (1) | CA1183689A (forum.php) |
| DE (1) | DE3166362D1 (forum.php) |
| FI (1) | FI71344C (forum.php) |
| GR (1) | GR76324B (forum.php) |
| PH (1) | PH16991A (forum.php) |
| SE (1) | SE446276B (forum.php) |
| WO (1) | WO1982001725A1 (forum.php) |
| ZW (1) | ZW26181A1 (forum.php) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8504364D0 (en) * | 1985-02-20 | 1985-03-20 | Univ Waterloo | Roasting zinc sulfide ores |
| CA1328353C (en) * | 1985-03-21 | 1994-04-12 | Donald W. Kirk | Recovery of zinc from zinc bearing sulphidic ores and concentrates by controlled oxidation roasting |
| US6849067B2 (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2005-02-01 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent articles with refastenable side seams |
| EP1327693A1 (de) * | 2002-01-12 | 2003-07-16 | Alexander Beckmann | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Cobalt und Nickel aus Erzen und Erzkonzentraten |
| CN1308471C (zh) * | 2001-09-14 | 2007-04-04 | 亚历山大·贝克曼 | 从矿石和精矿中提取钴和镍的方法 |
| US7571814B2 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2009-08-11 | Wave Separation Technologies Llc | Method for separating metal values by exposing to microwave/millimeter wave energy |
| US20050010188A1 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2005-01-13 | Glaug Frank S. | Efficiently manufacturable absorbent disposable undergarment and method of manufacturing absorbent disposable article |
| RU2277600C1 (ru) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-06-10 | Московская государственная академия тонкой химической технологии им. М.В. Ломоносова | Способ переработки сульфидных медно-никелевых концентратов |
| US20070073262A1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-03-29 | Kimberly Babusik | Absorbent article and method of making same |
| US20080287898A1 (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2008-11-20 | Tyco Healthcare Retail Services Ag | Absorbent article and method of making same |
| US20080287897A1 (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2008-11-20 | Tyco Healthcare Retail Services Ag | Absorbent article and method of making same |
| US20080287899A1 (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2008-11-20 | Tyco Healthcare Retail Services Ag | Absorbent article and method of making same |
| US8216532B1 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2012-07-10 | Vierheilig Albert A | Methods of recovering rare earth elements |
| FI127945B (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2019-05-31 | Outotec Finland Oy | Treatment of complex sulfide concentrate |
| RU2588904C1 (ru) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-07-10 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" | Способ переработки сульфидных никелевых концентратов |
| JPWO2020075288A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-12 | 2021-09-02 | 日揮グローバル株式会社 | ニッケル酸化鉱石の処理方法及び処理装置 |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE22259C1 (forum.php) * | 1907-04-13 | |||
| US1315761A (en) * | 1919-09-09 | Process for treating ores and concentrates | ||
| CA892475A (en) * | 1972-02-08 | G. Gorling Karl | Sulphating roasting method | |
| DE200372C (forum.php) * | ||||
| DE200467C (forum.php) * | ||||
| FR15798E (fr) * | 1911-12-18 | 1912-09-19 | Victor Von Hartogensis | Procédé pour le traitement de minerais de nickel sulfurés contenant du fer et du cuivre, ou de tous autres produits de forge, par la réunion d'opérations de fusion, de grillage, de lessivage et de précipitation |
| US1528209A (en) * | 1923-09-21 | 1925-03-03 | William E Greenawalt | Metallurgical process |
| US1844937A (en) * | 1928-06-28 | 1932-02-16 | Hybinette Noak Victor | Process of electrolytic copper refining |
| SE322632B (forum.php) * | 1968-09-18 | 1970-04-13 | Boliden Ab | |
| CA998840A (en) * | 1972-03-07 | 1976-10-26 | Nathaniel Arbiter | Recovery of metals |
| SE396968B (sv) * | 1975-07-01 | 1977-10-10 | Boliden Ab | Forfarande for utvinning av icke-jernmetaller ur sulfidiska material genom rostning och lakning |
| CA1086505A (en) * | 1977-05-13 | 1980-09-30 | Ashok D. Dalvi | Roast-leach copper recovery |
| US4093526A (en) * | 1977-09-08 | 1978-06-06 | Amax Inc. | Hydrometallurgical leaching and refining of nickel-copper concentrates, and electrowinning of copper |
-
1980
- 1980-11-17 SE SE8008053A patent/SE446276B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1981
- 1981-10-26 CA CA000388686A patent/CA1183689A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-29 ZW ZW26181A patent/ZW26181A1/xx unknown
- 1981-11-10 PH PH26470A patent/PH16991A/en unknown
- 1981-11-12 GR GR66508A patent/GR76324B/el unknown
- 1981-11-13 AU AU78041/81A patent/AU543453B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-11-13 JP JP50356481A patent/JPS57501735A/ja active Pending
- 1981-11-13 WO PCT/SE1981/000334 patent/WO1982001725A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1981-11-13 DE DE8181850216T patent/DE3166362D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-11-13 EP EP19810850216 patent/EP0052595B1/en not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-06-30 FI FI822337A patent/FI71344C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1985
- 1985-02-11 US US06/699,506 patent/US4585477A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZW26181A1 (en) | 1982-01-20 |
| WO1982001725A1 (en) | 1982-05-27 |
| AU7804181A (en) | 1982-06-07 |
| DE3166362D1 (en) | 1984-10-31 |
| SE446276B (sv) | 1986-08-25 |
| FI71344B (fi) | 1986-09-09 |
| US4585477A (en) | 1986-04-29 |
| AU543453B2 (en) | 1985-04-18 |
| FI822337L (fi) | 1982-06-30 |
| JPS57501735A (forum.php) | 1982-09-24 |
| PH16991A (en) | 1984-05-04 |
| GR76324B (forum.php) | 1984-08-04 |
| CA1183689A (en) | 1985-03-12 |
| FI822337A0 (fi) | 1982-06-30 |
| SE8008053L (sv) | 1982-05-18 |
| EP0052595B1 (en) | 1984-09-26 |
| EP0052595A1 (en) | 1982-05-26 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: BOLIDEN AKTIEBOLAG |