FI69353B - BLAENDSKYDD FOER TAK- ELLER VAEGGILLUMINERING - Google Patents

Description

69353

Lattice for ceiling or wall luminaires -Bländskydd för tak- eller väggilluminering

The invention relates to a grid for a luminaire used as a ceiling or wall luminaire as set out in the preamble of claim 1.

A lattice of this type, most preferably suitable for ceiling and wall lighting, is known from DK patent application No. 3542/76, 5 which relates to a lattice having a low surface gloss and consisting of two lattice plates which are arranged one on top of the other and which have different heights. Both of these lattice plates are shaped as lattice with low surface gloss, i.e., reflective lattice in which all IQ walls or strips are formed as curved surfaces.

The curvature of these curved surfaces is arranged away from the light source so that the largest aperture is towards the object to be illuminated, towards which the light guided by the curved, reflective walls moves as a beam. The lattice plates are placed directly on top of each other so that a part of one plate is formed to fit in the grooves in the other. The manufacture of this known lattice requires a relatively large amount of material and in addition a mold for the manufacture of both lattice, which increases the production cost. The lattice made in this way is relatively heavy.

French patent publication 933350 discloses a lattice consisting essentially of triangular walls, the tips of one of which are arranged away from the light source, said walls being woven together into a filter. Kui-25, however, this lattice seems to be quite difficult to manufacture.

In addition, a variety of other low light reflecting or shield gratings are known, these being made of a single lattice plate consisting, e.g., of perpendicular walls delimiting private light apertures. The manufacture of these gratings requires a relatively large amount of material, which is why these gratings are unnecessarily heavy.

2 69353

In the manufacture of low-reflective gratings in particular, longitudinal distortions often occur as a result of the stresses that occur during the curing of the injection-molded material. A large percentage of the trusses are continuously abandoned already at the production stage and some complaints are made later, as the trusses sometimes retreat to the point of time. Another factor which makes the manufacture of low reflective gratings expensive is that they must be coated with a reflective layer, said coating having previously been formed over the entire height of the gratings. Due to the high height of the trusses, this metal coating is relatively difficult to perform, as the higher the said compartments, the more difficult it becomes for the metal coating to penetrate the trays. This is because it is difficult for the metal flow to penetrate from the large orifice to the small orifice at the bottom, while virtually no metal transfer occurs through the small orifice during the rotation in the grating metallizer when said small orifices are toward the metal flow source.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a grille for fluorescent lamp units in which the manufacture of said gratings requires less material while maintaining the generally accepted guard angle of the various gratings so that the entire grid is lighter and a new light effect is obtained.

The invention also provides a low reflective grid, the manufacturing cost of which can be substantially reduced by reducing the rejection rates due to stresses caused by stresses during the curing of injection molded parts and further reducing the consumption of primer and coating as well as other vacuum coating costs.

3 69353 This object is achieved by a grid as set out in the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that during installation the first grid part, which is preferably furthest from the light source, has different photometric properties 5 (e.g. reflection, light transmission, absorption and refraction) than the second grid parts. , wherein the walls of the first lattice part have reflective, curved, preferably parabolic surfaces and that the walls of the second lattice parts are opaque transparent and preferably tapered.

10 The method of manufacturing private truss parts described above allows a substantial increase in the distance between the walls as seen from the direction of the truss plane, provided that the wall height of each truss part is more than half the height of a similar conventional truss, 15 while maintaining the desired guard angle.

With such a method of manufacture, private walls can be made thinner at the same time without reducing the strength of the finished trusses. As a result, substantial overall material savings are achieved compared to known trusses. In addition, new light effects are created, e.g. by placing the lattice parts ϋ a certain distance apart, the distance! when varying from 0 mm to, for example, the height of the truss part. Since the lattice comprises lower and upper lattice with a low height, it is possible to produce thinner walls, which results in a faster injection molding.

Other features of the invention will become apparent from the appended subclaims.

Several examples of embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a grid according to the invention in a side sectional view, Fig. 2 shows a grid according to Fig. 1 in section AA, 4 69353 Fig. 3 shows an axonometric view of Fig. 2, C Fig. 5 is a schematic top plan view of a grid with compartments having hexagonal shapes; Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of a grid according to the invention; and 8 show in sectional views, corresponding to Figures 1 and 2, a known cover grid, Fig. 9 shows a sectional view of a third embodiment of a grid according to the invention, Fig. 10 shows a grid part used in connection with the grid 15 according to Fig. 9, grid part le Fig. 11 shows on a larger scale a partial section D-D of Fig. 12 of a light reflecting grid according to the invention, Fig. 12 shows a second plan view of the lower grid of the light reflecting grid according to Fig. 11 and Fig. 13 shows a section E-E of Fig. 12.

An embodiment of a light grid according to the invention is shown in Figures 1-3. This lattice comprises two essentially identical lattice parts 1, 2, the light apertures or compartments 3 of which are bounded by walls 4, 5 and 6, 7, respectively, which are perpendicular to each other and comprise planar wall surfaces shaped in such a way that each lattice part forms a protective lattice. The truss parts are arranged at a distance from each other by means of fastening members which are in the form of pins 8 and which are most preferably arranged at all points of intersection. These pins 8 can be molded together with the lattice part and have a protrusion (not shown) at the opposite end, which is adapted to engage in an opening 10 placed at the intersection of the second lattice part. The light source 9 is shown by a broken line above the grid of Figure 1. The gratings are connected to each other by intermediate fittings of the pins or by ultrasonic welding from the contact points of the grid in question. However, the glue can also be used, but this can cause environmental problems. Another option is to use a spring-loaded fastener, but the fastener raises mold costs.

According to the invention, the two trusses are made identical, with half-pins placed in each truss. These half-pins comprise planar wall-20 surfaces and are fastened to each other along the line A-A in Figure 1, said protrusions and openings not being absolutely necessary to make the lattice, but they can be used to mount the lattice parts in exactly the right position relative to each other. This positioning can also be controlled, inter alia, by other mechanical means which act only during fastening.

It is advantageous to use spacers which comply with the vertical pins 8. The base 10 and the upper part 11 of these pins are fixed to the upper edge surface of the walls 6, 7 of the lower truss part 1 and to the lower edge surface 13 of the walls 4, 5 of the upper truss part 2. 6, 7 to the upper and lower intersection 14.

69353 6

Another embodiment of the grid according to the invention is shown in Figure 4. The upper grid 2 of this embodiment corresponds to the grid according to Figure 1, while the surfaces of the walls 16, 17 of the lower grid 15 are substantially tapered and may be curved as shown and optionally reflective.

The curvature can be e.g. parabolic or, as shown in the figure, a part of a circular arc with radius R. As shown in figure 4, for illustrative reasons it is preferred that both end surfaces 18 of the walls are rounded. The lattice parts 2, 15 of this grid 10 are also spaced apart by one another, which is realized by means of the pins 8 shown above.

Figure 5 shows schematically that it is not necessary to form the walls perpendicular to each other, but that the walls 14 of this embodiment 15 are shaped so that the compartments or light apertures are shaped hexagonal. The pins 8 of this embodiment are most preferably located at the intersections 21 of the three walls 19. Many other embodiments of the grid according to the invention are possible. Each lattice part 20 can, for example, represent a lattice part known per se, comprising walls perpendicular to each other, the eylin-shaped light openings being arranged inside each of the above-mentioned light openings or compartments. Each of these embodiments of the lattice part creates a special light effect, whereby a lighting pattern specific to each embodiment is obtained.

These embodiments are not described in more detail in this context.

Figure 6 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which the spacer grid 22 is connected between the lower grid 1 and the upper grid 30. This intermediate grid is placed at a distance from the other grids by means of pins 8, 23. Such a lattice, which is made as a protective lattice with planar wall surfaces, provides additional material savings in the manufacture of the lattice. However, such a grid requires a somewhat larger fluorescent lamp unit than the grid shown in Figures 1-3.

69353 7

The most preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 9 and 10. This embodiment comprises two similar lattice parts 15, 15 ', the wall surfaces 16, 17 of which are substantially tapered and curved, said parts being tightly welded to the wide end surfaces 24 of the adjacent walls. . The fastening members in this case are elongate projections 25 arranged in the middle of the end surface 24. The height of these projections varies between 0.1 and 0.4 mm and is most preferably about 0.2 mm. In ultrasonic welding, these protrusions 10 are inflated so that a tight, reliable fastening is obtained between the lattice parts 15, 15 '. Due to the thin shape of the walls, such a grid has a large light inlet compared to the prior art so as to achieve a high light transmission compared to the prior art.

Figures 11-12 show an additional embodiment of a low light reflecting grid according to the invention. This low light reflecting grating comprises a lower grating 31 and an upper grating 32, which, as shown, are located below the dashed light source 33, the light source usually comprising one or more fluorescent tubes.

The lower lattice 31 comprises first and second walls 34, 35 which are perpendicular to each other. These walls 34, 35 form light apertures of the desired width, most usually about 12 x 12 mm. Other opening sizes are also possible, 25 e.g. 200 x 200 mm. The height of the walls depends on the selected width and when the width of the opening is 12 x 12 mm, the height is usually 6-10 mm and can be e.g. 6.5 mm measured from the top surface. The walls 34 are rounded at the base, which allows a better distribution of the varnish during metallization. In addition, the risk of droplet formation during metallization is reduced compared to sharp edge surfaces, thus avoiding the risk of darkening and peeling of the varnish at the same time. The walls 34, 35 comprise, as can be seen from the figure, curved wall surfaces 37, the radius of curvature of which in this embodiment is indicated by the letter r. The beam is selected according to the needs of lighting 69353 8. The wall surfaces can also be parabolic in cross section.

In the middle of the intersection of the walls 34, 35 there is a pin 39 directed towards the light source. In this embodiment, this pin 5 comprises a plug-like protrusion 48 or a plurality of plug-like projections, not shown, projecting from the circumference. According to another embodiment, the pins may be formed without protrusions, cf. also the following description showing the installation of low light reflecting gratings according to the invention.

The upper surface 40 of the lower lattice wall has a defined width b, which in relation to the selected lattice height and the width of the light aperture can vary from 1.5 to 12 mm and is most preferably 3-4 mm, e.g. 3.4 mm.

The upper lattice 32 also comprises first and second pairs of parallel walls 41, 42 which are perpendicular to each other and comprise planar wall surfaces 43. The height of the walls of the upper lattice is dependent on the walls of the lower lattice. The light aperture formed by the walls 41, 42 is substantially the same size as the light aperture formed by the lower lattice walls 34, 35, since the bottom surface 44 of the upper lattice walls 41, 42 may correspond in width to the upper surface 40 of the lower lattice walls 34, 35. , the walls of the upper lattice may be tapered-25 vat. An opening 45 is formed in the bottom surface 44 of the walls 41, 42 of the upper lattice at the intersection of the walls (not shown). The shape of this opening 35 corresponds to the shape of the pin 39, which means that the opening may comprise a circumferential groove 46 or grooves which partially protrude from the circumference, or the walls of the opening may be formed 30 softly.

With the lower grid 23 metallized prior to installation so that its surfaces are coated with a reflective layer, the upper grid 32 is made of reflective or transparent 69353 9 plastic, ensuring maximum light transmission through the entire grid.

After metallization of the lower grid 31, the upper grid 32 is pressed down on the lower grid so that the bottom surface 44 of the upper grid meets the upper surface 40 of the lower grid. As a result, the pins 39 meet the wall surfaces of the openings 45. Since the pins are provided with circumferentially projecting projections 48, a spring-like attachment in the mating groove 46 is created. When the pins 39 and the openings 45 comprise 10 soft wall surfaces, the contact surfaces are welded together by ultrasonic welding. The top surface 40 and the bottom surface 44 may also be welded together to provide a fixed joint. In this way, the trusses reinforce each other and, due to their complementary shape, receive possible distortions in the finished truss. Pins and 15 openings can optionally be omitted. The purpose of the low light reflecting grating according to the above invention is to collect light from a light source before it is reflected from the grating through a lower grating. When the upper lattice is made by injection molding through reflective, transparent or opal plastic, this light assembly is improved, while the lower lattice further reflects light in an otherwise known manner, resulting in a controlled, directional luminous flux.

As mentioned above, the height of the low-gloss lattice is often a difficulty in vacuum metallization. This is because there may be difficulties in properly transferring the metal coating 25, especially inside the compartments as their height increases.

Metal flow is difficult to penetrate from a large orifice to the bottom of a small orifice, whereas virtually no metal-30 lens transfer occurs through the small orifice. According to the invention, only the lower lattice is metallized, whereby the height is substantially reduced. In addition, it is also possible to metallize two opposed lower gratings, whereby twice the number of vacuum metallized light gratings can be manufactured and the method saves almost half the cost compared to known gratings. When installing the lower and upper gratings, these gratings can be arranged in alternating order so as to provide a stronger light grid 5 in connection with the manufacture of larger gratings, especially since the installation of the grid parts can most preferably be done by ultrasonic welding. In this way, the use of known adhesives can be avoided, as many of these adhesives conflict with several local pollution laws. In addition, when preparing a lattice from refractory materials, it is a requirement that the upper and lower lattice can be fastened to each other by spring locking.

In all of the above embodiments, at least one lattice portion may be colored with a color other than white or clear transparent. This coloring can be performed either as an exterior coating of the walls or, optionally, as a coloring of a transparent plastic material per se. Correspondingly, one of the lattice parts, most preferably the lower lattice, can be metallized with a reflective coating, whereby the appropriate staining of the upper lattice and the reflective coating of the lower lattice combined provide several new and surprising light effects.

It is preferred to make each lattice part from a plurality of rectangular elements, parts of which can be seen in Figures 10 and 12. Each element has a number of compartments 36. During the joining step, these elements are assembled together along the outer surfaces 47 to form lattice parts. In this way, smaller and correspondingly cheaper molds can be used. In connection with the installation of such elements (not shown), it is advantageous to place the elements of the lower lattice aside relative to the elements of the upper lattice so that the element of the upper lattice exactly overlaps in the middle of the two elements of the lower lattice. The halves of the elements of the upper lattice can then be fastened to the counterparts at the end of the lattice 69353 11. In this way, it is possible to compensate for the distortions which generally tend to form in cast grids due to the stresses generated in the grids during post-cast cooling. This fastening can be carried out by gluing, 5 but it is more advantageous to fasten the gratings to each other by ultrasonic welding. These distortions accumulate due to the placement of the trusses because the trusses tend to bend in opposite directions when they overlap. As a result, tool costs and rejection rates are reduced and the entire championship is cheaper.

For comparison, Figures 7 and 8 show a well-known, low-reflective lattice. Since this known lattice has a substantially higher wall height than each lattice part, the thickness of the walls of the known lattice must be greater than the lattice according to the invention. In addition, these walls must be placed closer to each other in order to obtain the desired protection angle * than is necessary for trusses made according to the invention, cf. Figures 1, 6 and 7. This suggests that a substantially larger amount of material is used to make the known lattice than to make the lattice according to the invention, resulting in an unnecessary high cost of fabrication. Furthermore, the known lattice is heavier than the lattice according to the invention.

Although both the lower and upper grids are shown in the drawings as having rectangular or hexagonal trays, other shapes of different geometries may be used, such as other polygonal trays or round or oval trays.

The advantages of the lattice according to the invention can be summarized as follows: oc, so that each compartment or light aperture can be made relatively larger.

- Lower height of both upper and lower lattice, resulting in lower tool costs and faster injection molding of billets. The strength of the material varies slightly over the entire height of the wall, resulting in a reduction in the longitudinal distortions of the lattice 10.

The bar is simpler because the tools are easier to manufacture due to the lower height of the grid.

- A composite lattice, in which the lower lattice part is formed as a curved surface reflecting the light of the head, is cheaper to manufacture, as only the lower lattice has to be provided with a reflective coating, which saves considerable costs in the production of the reflective coating. effective due precisely to the low 20 height of the lattice.

- New lighting effects are available with a groove between the gratings and by varying the combinations of the protective grid and the low-light grating and by coloring each part of the grid.

25 - It is possible to implement a larger light aperture due to larger compartments and lower wall thicknesses.

The lower and upper lattice parts can be arranged alternately with respect to each other so as not to provide a strong light grid when making larger light grids.

69353 13 - The total weight is lower.

In the production of low-reflective gratings, the consumption of varnish, especially the coating varnish after priming and metallization, is reduced.

5 - In connection with the production of a low-reflective grid, the costs of vacuum metallization are reduced.

Assembly and final installation of the lower and upper trusses can be performed by ultrasonic welding, gluing and environmental problems can be avoided. Ultrasonic welding is 10 faster and cheaper to perform.

- The grid consumes less energy compared to the amount of light reflected.

- The light grid allows for several decorative embodiments.

In addition to the embodiments set forth above, various modifications may be made within the scope of the invention. For example, the lower lattice shown in Figure 5 can be made parabolic or provided with round wall surfaces or a multi-layered lattice. In addition, the lattice part 1 and / or the intermediate lattice 17 and / or the upper lattice part 2 shown in Fig. 6 can be produced as a low-light-reflecting lattice with curved wall surfaces. Each embodiment creates a new light effect.

The bottom surfaces of the upper lattice can be made narrower or wider than the surfaces of the lower lattice. Thus, it is clear that the protrusion and the hole connection can be replaced by other fastening methods, such as grooves and tabs.

Claims (9)

1. Ceiling or wall coverings in 11 designs, which are preferably made of plastic, which cover is designed for a unit of several, p 1 pairs of 11 e 11 a, plate-like glazing devices (superimposed on top of each other). 1,2,15,15 ', 22), in which each has a plurality of light openings (3), the light passage openings of which are in the plane of the faces of the grid devices facing fully or almost all 11, which light openings are limited by massive walls (4,5,6,7,16,17) of a certain height and of a certain mutual distance, characterized in that the first grid device (15) arranged longest from a light source, has second lighting technology properties (e.g., reflection, transmission, absorption and refraction) than the other gaiter devices (2, 15 ', 22), the walls (6,7) of the first gaiter device (1, 15) having mirrored, curved, preferably parabolic surfaces and preferably the path of the other gating devices (2.15 ', 22.) yarns (4, 5, 17) are opaque translucent and preferably wedge-shaped. 2. Glare protection according to claim 1, characterized in that the grille devices are connected to each other, so that they are generally perpendicular to the walls, the widest edge surfaces (12, 13, 24) and are fixedly fixed at a certain distance from each other. with each other by means of holding means formed on edge surfaces. 3. Aperture protection according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the predetermined distance is 0 mm and that the retaining means are short, elongated projections (25) arranged on the facing surfaces (24) facing each other, which are used for the production of the aperture protection. two grating devices (15, 15 ') and the other grating device (15') having the same geometric shape as one grating device (15). 18 69353 4. Glare protection according to claims 1 and 2, may be characterized by the predetermined distance being greater than 0 mm and the holding means are pins (8) which extend from at least one edge surface of the glazing means (1, 2) and are formed into one piece with at least one of the grid devices (1,2,15,15 *, 17,22) and the free ends of the pins are attached to corresponding regions of the second grid device. 5. Glare protection according to claim 4, characterized in that the pins (8) are arranged in a number, preferably half of the upper (4,5,6,7,17) of the walls (4,5,6,7,17) respectively. the lower intersection point (14, 21) of each grid device and is preferably guided by means of recesses at the intersection points of the opposite faces of the north, which are free from taps. 6. Glare protection according to claim 4, characterized in that a pin (8) is arranged at each intersection point (14, 21) for each grid device (1, 2) and that each pin (8) is constructed into a unit with corresponding the grating device and its height are half of the said, predetermined distance and the free end surfaces of the pins are fixed with each other. 7. Glare protection according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the grating devices (1,2,8,15,15 ', 23,25) are assembled by means of welding. 8. Glare protection according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the grille devices (1,2,15,15 ') with associated pins (8) are assembled so that the projections formed by the press fit in the pins are pressed into the corresponding recesses in the individual parts. li