FI67586C - Method and apparatus in connection with surface bonding of paper web and paper made with the method and / or apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

67586

Method and apparatus for surface sizing of paper web and paper produced by the method and / or apparatus Förfarande och anordning i samband med ytlimming av pappersbana och papper tillverkat med förfarandet och / eller anordningen

The invention relates to an on-machine method for guiding a paper web glued on both sides and thus wetted on both sides through surface gluing steps to the post-drying section of a paper machine.

5

The invention further relates to a drying section of a paper machine for carrying out the method according to the invention, comprising a pre-drying group consisting of drying cylinders, followed by an adhesive press, then a post-drying group comprising a plurality of drying cylinders.

The invention also relates to paper produced by the method and / or device according to the invention, in particular newsprint.

15 Much of the fine paper production is surface glued or coated.

Surface sizing is a relatively simple and inexpensive method of quality improvement of paper. Surface gluing is usually done in an on-machine glue press placed on a paper machine. Surface sizing of fine paper grades containing mechanical pulp is becoming more common, especially for offset-20 purposes. In addition to these, kraftliner, paperboards and various base papers are surface-glued or pre-coated in a size press. The above-mentioned known areas of application for size presses can be divided into four groups: 25 1) Surface sizing of writing and printing papers 2) Surface sizing and pre-coating of base papers 3) Pigmentation or coating of paper 4) Production of special grades 30 As previously known, a paper web is run through a glue press. The glue is fed into the paper in a press by forming a pond in front of the nip, where the web gets wet and adsorbs the glue to itself. Glue is pressed into the paper web between the rolls of the glue press due to the hydrodynamic pressure of 2,67586. At the same time, due to the hydrodynamic pressure, an adhesive film is formed between the paper and the roll, which cracks in the roll droplet, leaving an adhesive layer on the surface of the paper. The amount of glue remaining in the paper depends on the viscosity of the glue, the machine speed, instead of the diameter of the roll, the surface properties of the roll, the line pressure and the factors due to the deformation of the roll.

The oldest of the known glue presses is the so-called a vertical glue press in which the rollers overlap and the paper runs horizontally between the rollers 10. In the known horizontal press, the rollers are in the same horizontal plane and the paper runs vertically between the rollers. The third known adhesive press is the so-called an oblique press in which the rollers overlap at an angle of about 45 °. This is considered to be the best known solution for web export at high running speeds.

15

The diameters of the glue press rolls are important for runnability. Known glue presses have reached diameters of the order of 800 ... 1500 mm for nip rolls at a travel speed of 10 ... 17 m / s. By increasing the roll diameter as the speed increases, it is known to prevent splashing in the pond rake, as this interferes with the even wetting of the paper web.

The coating material of the glue press rolls has mostly been rubber. Presses in which the hard roll is metal and 25 soft rubber are also known. Thus, softer and harder compression zones are used. At higher speeds, larger diameter rollers are used than at lower speeds.

Achieving good surface adhesive penetration requires not only sufficient hydrogen-30 time, but also high compression, 20 ... 50 kN / m.

With regard to the state of the art related to adhesive presses, reference is made as an example to FI patent No. 28686 (class 55 f 15/20, published March 15, 1957, Combined Locks Paper Co, USA). A paper coating machine is known from this FI patent, which comprises a hard thread and in connection therewith two nips through which the paper web to be coated is introduced. The adhesive or other coating material is first introduced from the tray through a plurality of applicator rolls onto said hard surface roll, from which it is pressed into a web in a first nip. The other side of the web is coated by introducing the coating material from the tray through the plurality of applicator rolls to the latter nip roll, from where it is pressed to the other surface of the web in the latter 5 nip formed in connection with the hard conversation. According to this FI patent, the nip rolls form nips with a lower hard conversation such that these nips are substantially symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane passing through the axis of the conversation and at a central angle of about 45 ° with respect to said vertical plane.

10

According to said FI patent, the coating material is introduced by small-beam applicator rolls, while the present invention is directed to adhesive presses in which the adhesive or other coating material is introduced by nozzles into a pond between the paper web and the roll.

15

With regard to the adhesive presses related to the invention, reference is made to FI patent application No. 803710 (filed on 28 November 1980, applicants Valmet Oy and Kymi Kymmene Oy). Em. the patent application discloses an adhesive press comprising three coating rolls forming in pairs with each other two press nips through which the paper web to be treated is passed so that both sides of the web are treated in said nipples.

Em. in the gluing press according to the application it is considered new that from said coating rolls the roll of the middle height is arranged as a gluing press center, in connection with which both coating nips are formed so that the first coating nip is placed at a coating roll positioned at a suitable angular distance of the center from said horizontal plane, and that prior to the first nip, glue feeders are provided on the center side relative to the web run to feed the first glue pond or layer forming second glue supply devices on the chuck that form a second glue pond or layer with the first glue pond or layer 4 67586, said devices being arranged to cooperate so that as the web travels from its main direction from top to bottom it is supported by the roll surface when gluing.

Since the glue press, which is one of the important functional units of the present invention, is an on-machine device to be connected to the drying section of a paper machine, this device as well as subsequent control and imaging devices must be able to run at the same web speeds as paper machines. In practice, in many cases, the glue press and the devices immediately following it have formed a bottleneck limiting the speed of the paper machine. The main object of the invention is to eliminate this drawback.

In addition, for adhesive presses, reference is made to U.S. Patent No. 15,108,110.

Although glue presses have been discussed above, it is to be understood that in this context the term "glue" has been used in a broad sense to include other paper or board web treatment agents known per se which are suitable for use in devices such as the present one.

The sizing press is an important tool for the paper manufacturer, which has made it possible to improve the quality of the paper and to develop new types of paper, as well as the use of new raw material combinations. However, one difficult problem has been that surface sizing of paper has not been possible with high speeds and / or thin grades of paper, especially with abrasive and filler-containing and / or short-fiber pulp grades.

30

The gluing press is placed in the drying section of the paper machine in such a place that the water content of the paper web before the gluing press is about 4 ... 17%. The gluing press must be placed in the drying section so that the widest possible range of species can be run at maximum production 35 so that the drying capacity does not become a bottleneck before or after the gluing press. However, the problem has often been that the water content of the paper after the gluing press varies greatly, between about 15 ... 55%.

5,67586

After the last nip of the gluing press, the web follows the hard roll, and it is preferred that it be removed from it as quickly as possible. After the press, the web expands due to an increase in water content. Since said expansion requires a certain minimum time, the distance from the last gluing nip to the next drying cylinder must be arranged long enough. The long free space between the last gluing nip and the subsequent drying cylinder is very problematic because this free space causes a high-amplitude uncontrolled flutter in the dough, which often causes the web to break, because the water content of said free space is quite high, up to about 55%. Therefore, it is not possible to use a gluing press with Thin and / or Taines made from raw materials, the resulting web of which is not strong enough for surface gluing and subsequent web processing steps.

15 These problems have been exacerbated by the speeds of paper machines.

It is also known to use a paper spreading roller between the gluing press nip and the drying cylinder of the subsequent post-drying section to prevent creases.

20

As is known, the drying of the paper after the gluing press has taken place with a normal multi-cylinder dryer, the first drying cylinder of which after the gluing press operates without a felt. In addition, for example, the surface temperatures of the two cylinders 25 closest to the gluing press have had to be kept relatively low, e.g. about 70-80 ° C, because the higher drying temperature breaks the paper surface and the glue and the accompanying fibers adhere to the cylinder and the paper dusts despite surface gluing. In the production of pigment-coated paper, it has been known that these disadvantages have been avoided by drying the coated surface immediately after the gluing press with warm air.

The aforementioned three-roll and two-nip gluing presses allow the use of relatively high speeds in the double-sided surface gluing of the web, so that they are well suited for use with modern, high-speed paper machines. In this case, however, the bottleneck in the treatment of the web, as has been shown above, has shifted to the treatment steps after surface gluing. In addition to the disadvantages of the above-mentioned 67586, a disadvantage in these processing steps is that no felt can be used in connection with the first drying cylinders after the gluing press, which as such causes a reduction in drying efficiency and susceptibility to breakage between the drying cylinder rows. In addition, it has previously been necessary to use at least the first drying cylinder after the gluing press as a special cylinder with a chrome surface or the like, which is quite expensive, in order to prevent the glue from sticking to this cylinder.

10 For the state of the art most closely related to the invention, reference is made, by way of example, to Pin / June 1974 Vol. 57, No. 6, "Airfoil Floater Drying after a Size Press" by Donald W. Lawton, pages 105-107. In particular, reference is made to of FIG. 4, which shows a typical known fluidized bed dryer installed after an oblique single-nip glulam-15 cross. In contrast to our present invention, this reference arrangement has a swivel roll after the gluing press nip and before the fluidized bed dryer. That article acknowledges the disadvantages of the turntable in question, but does not realize the means by which it could be eliminated, but its use has been considered necessary for practical runnability reasons. However, said turntable most often damages the wet surface of the surface glued. It is also a disadvantage that the use of known fluidized bed dryers, which specifically aim for high drying efficiency, has the opposing nozzles of the fluidized bed dryer too close to each other and thus does not provide controlled ripple with sufficient amplitude and wavelength for web stabilization. There is also a risk that in known fluidized bed dryers, due to the small dimensions mentioned, the web can easily touch the nozzle surfaces and cause a track break. Another disadvantage is that the known fluidized bed dryers do not allow substantial variations in the angle of entry of the web without the risk of contact and breakage, nor do they spread the web in the transverse direction. The object of the invention is to avoid these drawbacks.

The object of the invention is to provide such a combination of the gluing press 35 and the subsequent web handling devices in which the above-mentioned disadvantages can be avoided. The main object of the invention is therefore to provide such a combination of a gluing press and finishing devices with which even thin 67586

Doughs without excessive risk of rupture and, in addition, webs made of abrasive and / or filler-containing papers and / or short-fiber pulps.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a method and a combination of devices in which the web can be driven at a lower tension in the treatment step after surface gluing, which allows a sufficient transverse deformation of the web.

In order to achieve the above and later objects, the method of the invention is mainly characterized in that the method comprises a combination of the following steps: surface gluing the web from the pre-drying section of the paper machine on both sides in one or more gluing press nips, directing the web after the surface gluing step or steps by means of a support and / or spreading device to a stabilizing device, by means of which the web is supported non-contact and its course stabilized, the web is passed directly or via a non-contact turning device and / or a special guide or spreading roller to the paper machine post-drying group, and said contactless stabilizing space is provided any other web exporting devices so that the free tensions of the web do not become too long for flutter and so that the web can spread in its transverse direction.

30

The device according to the invention, on the other hand, is mainly characterized in that the device comprises a stabilizing device based on the use of gas flows, acting on both sides of the web, placed after the gluing press and before the post-drying group.

The paper according to the invention, in turn, is mainly characterized in that the paper in question is a newsprint or the like whose printability properties are obtained mainly by double-sided surface sizing of the web.

The method and device according to the invention offer important advantages in practice and eliminate several disadvantages. The most important of these advantages is that the thinner and weaker webs can be stabilized and fluttered and thus run at higher speeds without excessive risk of breakage and surface glued and treated after surface gluing so that the web can be fed to a standard multi-cylinder dryer for immediate use. tissue export and full efficiency drying.

A very important advantage of the invention is that the invention makes it possible to produce completely new grades of paper with modern high-speed paper machines, in particular newsprint machines. Thus, thanks to the invention, it is possible to produce surface-glued newsprint from even more versatile and inexpensive raw materials, and furthermore, thanks to double-sided surface gluing, it is possible to provide newsprint with even better printing properties. In addition, the runnability of the paper machine 20 is improved. The need for such paper is most obvious, for example, in terms of magazine advertising sales and color printing.

The process steps according to the invention provide synergy, i.e. non-contact and stabilized control and support of the web 25, so that flutter and web breaks are prevented and the web has time and distance to swell and spread laterally and is specifically actively applied if necessary. The latter operation is particularly advantageous, since this in itself can reduce the length of the web tension between the surface gluing and the post-drying.

According to the invention, a stabilizer device is most preferably used which non-contact guides the web on both sides so that, under the influence of the air blown from successive nozzles of the stabilizer, the web travels substantially sinusoidally and in a controlled manner in its longitudinal direction. This guided ripple prevents free and indeterminate flutter of the web and removes or prevents the formation of any longitudinal wrinkles in the web. In said stabilizer 67586, heated gases can be used so that both surfaces of the surface-glued web become dried to a suitable dry content for normal post-drying. However, the use of such drying is not necessary.

5

In addition, using the devices according to the invention, the passage of the web can be arranged optimally in the section between surface gluing and post-drying. Since the invention also allows the web on the section between the surface gluing and the post-drying to change direction, a relatively short non-contact run of the web can be accommodated for a relatively short length of the machine hall, e.g. for lateral spreading.

In the following, the invention will be described in detail with reference to some application examples of the invention shown in the figures of the accompanying drawing, to the details of which the invention is in no way narrowly limited.

Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of a device combination comprising a method according to the invention, comprising a three-roll and a two-nip gluing press, followed by an air-supported device for turning and spreading the web, followed by a non-contact stabilizer device.

Fig. 2 shows a combination of devices implementing the method of the invention in a manner similar to Fig. 1, comprising a three-roll and a two-nip adhesive press, followed immediately by a non-contact stabilizer device operating using heated drying gases.

30

Figure 3 shows a combination of devices implementing a method according to the invention, comprising a single-nip glue press, followed by a non-contact stabilizer device, from which the web is fed to a non-contact spreading and / or turning device.

35

Figure 4 shows a device combination embodying the method of the invention, comprising a single nip glue press from which the web is fed in direct drawing to a non-contact web turning and spreading device, followed by a non-contact stabilizer device.

10 67586

Figure 5 is a schematic side view of an example of a stabilizer device used in the invention,

Fig. 6 shows a cross-section of the nozzle of the stabilizer device 5 according to Fig. 5.

Figure 7 shows the nozzle of the stabilizer device in a perspective view.

Figure 8 shows a more detailed embodiment of a web turning and spreading device 10 used in the invention.

Fig. 9 shows the nozzles of the bearing surface of the turning device according to Fig. 8 on a larger scale.

The glue press 100 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a body part (not shown) in connection with which the web guide roll 10 and the actual glue press rolls 11, 12, 13 and other devices belonging to the glue press 100 are arranged. The entry of the web W from the paper machine in question into the size press is indicated by the reference W. ^. The departure of the web W treated on both sides with a coating material such as an adhesive from the adhesive press is indicated by the reference W1. The passage of the web W to be coated through the adhesive press is shown by a broken line. Of the adhesive press rolls in the direction of travel of the web W, there is a first guide roll 10. The first coating nip is formed in connection with the coating rolls 11 and 12.

25 Roller 12 is a press center mounted on, e.g., fixed bearing brackets (not shown). The chat 12 forms a second coating nip with the third and lowest coating roll 13. The adhesive press 100 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is formed with two coating ponds and the coating supply means in connection with the first pond 30 comprise an adhesive supply pipe 17 extending over the entire width of the web VJ with a plurality of parallel nozzle tubes 17a or a similar unitary nozzle. The first glue pool is formed by the center 12 and the web W to delimit the gap before the first nip N 1. From the pond, glue or other similar coating material is absorbed on one side of the web W, and the adhesive is pressed in a nip into the web W.

11 67586

The adhesive press 100 comprises a second adhesive supply pipe 18 arranged in the vicinity of the third coating roll 13, in connection with which a series of adhesive supply nozzles 18a or a similar nozzle slot is provided. The nozzles 18a supply glue jets to the second glue pond L 2, thus forming a second glue pond 5 before the nip, and from this pond L 1 the other side of the web W is treated and impregnated. After the nip N 1, the web W follows, for example, the roll 12 in the sector α 1, after which the web W is passed to the following wet web processing steps according to the invention, which will be described later.

10

According to Fig. 1, the web W is lateral to the first coating roll 11 at a suitable angle before the nip N 1, which arrangement is important in that it allows the web W to be supported against the surface of the roll 11 in the area of the pond. The magnitude of the angle is preferably about 45 °.

15

The roll geometry of the size press 100 is such that in the height direction the central roll 12 is centered and the end rollers 11 and 13 are positioned so that the first nip and the second nip are formed substantially symmetrically with respect to the horizontal plane 20 through the central axis of the roll 12. With the central roller 12, the angle between the nips and is preferably about 90 °.

It is known from experience that it is advantageous for the glue press nip to have a hard and a soft roll opposite each other, because in the nip between the two hard rolls tends to create holes in the paper. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hard roll is a discuss 12, e.g. a "mickro-rock" coated roll with a hardness in the range of 0 ... 1 P&J degrees of hardness.With this roll 12, the first press nip is formed by a softer "microrate" coated roll, having a surface hardness of, for example, 30 in the range of 20 to 30 degrees P. With the second nip 12 of the second nip, the second end roll 13 having a surface corresponding to the surface 11 is formed.

In the above roll arrangement, the basic requirement is met that the hard and soft rolls form nips and so that the thread 12 35 is hard and the two softer rollers 11 and 13 are pressed against it. The same object can be realized so that the thread 12 is soft-surfaced and against which two harder rollers act.

675 8 6

The moisture content of the paper web W entering the size press is 3 ... 8%. At lower humidity, the paper is brittle and has poor absorbency. At higher humidity, the humidity is uneven and the absorbency of the paper is too high. The line load in the nipples is 10 ... 50 kN / m, preferably about 30 ... 40 kN / m. Deflection compensation of at least two of the rollers 11,12,13 is necessary, especially in size presses for driving different types of papers. Deflection compensation is more necessary on wide machines than on narrow machines. The diameters 28 ^, 28 ^ and 2R ^ of the rollers 11,12,13 are chosen to be of the same size, e.g. for ease of maintenance, or the roll 11 is smaller than the other rolls, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. In both nips N 1 and N 2, the second roll must be soft enough that the compression area in the nips and should be wide enough. Each of the three rollers 11,12 and 13 has its own adjustable drive 14,15 and 16. The circumferential speeds of the rollers are equal to the web speed.

15

According to Figure 1, after the two-sided surface gluing of the web W in the nips and the web, the web follows the gluing press discusses 12 at a small angle α · The web is then fed directly to the turning device 20, in the region of which the web changes direction at an angle β. In the region of the turning device 20, the web is non-contactally supported between the nozzle surface of the turning device 20 and the air blown between the web, said air being passed through nozzle-25 slots transverse to the direction of travel of the web.

In the area of the turning device 20, the web can also spread, and a preferred turning device 20, which will be described in more detail later, is characterized in that air jets 30 acting in the area of the support surface specifically actively spread the web and thus prevent wrinkles and ensure contactless export of the web.

After the turning device 20, the web is fed in a substantially direct draw to a stabilizer device consisting of two opposite parts 40 and 41 provided with nozzles 50. In the region of the stabilizer device 40,41 the web is non-contactably supported and stabilized by air jets discharged from the nozzles 50 so that directly leads to a normal drying cylinder 61, where in addition a drying felt can be used as either a single felt or a double felt outlet. Thus, the web is subjected to a non-contact support stabilized throughout its run from the last 5 gluing nips and the gluing press roll 12 to the first drying cylinder 61 so that the web can spread freely laterally or even actively spread and so that said web is not too long free intervals where excessive, 10-amplitude free, vague, and uncontrolled flutter would occur.

The gluing press 100 'shown in Fig. 2 is substantially similar to that shown in Fig. 1. After the last nip of the gluing press 100 ', the web follows the discussion 12 at an angle α' ', after which the web 15 is passed as a substantially horizontal export directly to the stabilizer 40', 41 ', in which area the web is supported non-contact and in addition to the nozzles of the fluidized bed dryer 40', 41 ' blow heated air (reference H) so that in the region of the stabilizer device the web W ^ 'dries and obtains a sufficiently high dry matter content. Radiation drying can also be used. The web WQut is passed through a guide roll or spreader roll 42 to a multi-cylinder dryer using a single felt outlet. The felt 43 is guided over the cylinders 61 'and 62' under the guidance of a guide roller 44 in a manner known per se. Normal drying temperatures and felts 43 can be used as the drying cylinders 61 'and 62', resulting in the above-mentioned advantages.

Figure 3 shows a variation of the invention using an oblique gluing press 100a formed by a pair of rollers 11a and 12a provided with a single nip. Such an oblique gluing press 100a is known per se and has been used quite commonly in high speed machines due to the easy paper flow. The upper roll 11a of the gluing press 100a is a hard-surfaced roll, so the web W follows the upper roll 11a, J at an angle α. 3 after which the horizontal running of the web has a stabilizing device 40a, 41a, from the nozzles 50 of which the web 35 is non-contactably and stably supported. After the stabilizer device 40a, 41a, a turning device 20a follows. The web WQut is fed to a conventional multi-cylinder dryer, the cylinders of which show the first cylinders 61a and 62a in Fig. 3.

67586

The export of the surface-glued web shown in Fig. 4 is substantially similar to that shown in Fig. 1, except that a single-nip oblique gluing press 100b as shown in Fig. 3 is used, the sole nip of which is formed between the hard roll 11b and the rubber-coated lower roll 5b 12b. After the surface gluing nip, the web is fed to a turning device 20b, followed by a stabilizer device 40b, 41b, from which the web WQUt is fed to a multi-cylinder dryer 61b, 62b known per se.

Figure 5 shows a more detailed structure of the stabilizer device 40, 41 and the passage of the web through it. The stabilizer device consists of two opposite housings 46 and 47, into which the blowing air is introduced by pipes 45. The housings 46 and 47 extend over the web in its transverse direction. The opposite walls 48 of the housings 46 and 47 have transverse nozzles 50 extending over the entire width of the web so that the nozzles on the opposite walls 48 are in phase shift so that the nozzles are in the middle of the nozzles on the other side.

Thus, the web W, runs in a stabilized and substantially sinusoidal manner 4 J

undulating supported by air currents discharged from nozzles 50.

20

It is essential for the invention that the web 40.41 in the stabilizer device flows in waves. The wavelength λ of the web ripple, which is equal to the distance between the center planes of the nozzle 50 on the same side of two adjacent webs, is preferably in the range of 200 to 800 mm, preferably in the range of about 400 to 500 mm.

The mutual distance Δ of the surfaces of the opposing nozzles 50 towards the corrugated web is preferably in the range of 15 to 50 mm, most preferably 20 to 30 mm. Said value of Δ: η is substantially larger than the corresponding dimension used in fluidized bed dryers known per se.

This provides a sufficiently large amplitude of the corrugation for the stabilizing effect sought in the invention and that there is not too great a risk that the web will contact the surfaces of the nozzle 50. In fluidized bed dryers, which are used e.g. in the production of coated paper, the corresponding value of Δ: η is at most about 10 mm, but in this case the aim is to achieve efficient drying rather than to achieve the stabilization sought in the invention. The guided and controlled ripple of the web removes or prevents longitudinal creases in the web. In addition, controlled ripple effectively eliminates 15,67586 free and harmful flutter. The gas jets discharged from the nozzles 50 of the stabilizer 40,41 also spread the web in its transverse direction and thus correct the longitudinal creases and ensure that the transverse expansion due to the wetting of the web does not take too long.

The structure of the nozzles 50 according to the invention, which will be described in more detail later, is characterized in that these nozzles 50 allow an even greater distance Δ between the opposing nozzles 50 and 10 even greater variations in the angle of incidence of the web. Variations in this approach angle are due to e.g. that, according to the invention, the web W can be guided with a relatively low tension and thus the point of detachment of the web from the center 12 of the three-roll gluing press or from the upper roll 11a; 11b of the oblique gluing press varies. A similar advantageous feature is also present in the turning device 20; 20a; 20b according to the invention, which will be described later.

In Fig. 1, a device 20 "is marked before the turning device 20. The purpose of the device 20" is precisely that the bearing surface 20 provided with its nozzles allows the above-mentioned variations in the direction of entry of the web, i.e. the angle. Throat-like devices corresponding to the device 20 "can also be used at the inlet edge of the stabilizer device 40.41.

A preferred construction example of the nozzles 50 of the stabilizer device 40,41 will be described below with reference to Figs. 5, 6 and 7.

The nozzle 50 of Figures 5, 6 and 7 comprises a nozzle box from the interior of which the gas to be blown through the openings 51 is led to the nozzle side spaces 52 and 53 bounded between the inner walls 54,55 30 and the outer walls 60 and 61 of the nozzle. The inner walls 54 and 55 curve towards each other at their tops, e.g. in a substantially circular arc (radius R 1) and then e.g. in a substantially circular arc (R 2). Thus, a bearing surface 56 is formed, over which the moist web passes at the smallest distance Δ ^. The planar portions 62,63 of the outer walls 60,61 of the nozzle facing each other, together with the curved portions (radius R 1) of the inner wall 54 and 55, delimit nozzle slots 57 and 58, preferably located by the curved portions of walls 54 and 55 167575 in the angle αq. The angle αQ is the angle between the outlet direction s1 of the gas jets discharged from the nozzle slots 57 and 58 and the plane of the web, and at the same time the angle of curvature of the gas jet guide surface from the mouth of the nozzle slots 57.58 to the plane L-L. The imaginary plane L-L at the same time 5a delimits below it a recess 59 which acts as a resting state in which the jets of gas flowing in opposite directions meet each other, forming a web-supporting air cushion extending a considerable distance in the direction of travel of the web VJ. At the recess 59, the radius of curvature of the bearing surface 56 is preferably substantially larger than the radius of curvature R 1 of the guide surfaces.

Said angle oi is preferably chosen so that the regression of the currents ir-o from the curved surface 56 does not take place until the jets v have turned completely parallel to the web. In the area of the recess 59, the jets flowing towards each other meet each other and a relatively wide web-supporting air cushion is formed above the bearing surface 56. If the nozzles 50 are used for drying, it is important that the heat transfer coefficient remains good in the area between the nozzle slots 57 and 58 due to the vortex generated at the recess 59. 20 The above-mentioned angle oCq associated with the guide surface is at most 70 ° and preferably approx. 40 ° ... 60 °.

Fig. 6 shows the central vertical plane A-A of the nozzle running at the bottom of the recess 59 of the bearing surface 56. The structure of the overpressure nozzle 25 shown in Figures 6 and 7 is symmetrical with respect to its central plane A-A. Of course, the nozzles 50 can also be implemented with asymmetrical solutions.

A preferred construction example of the turning and spreading device 20 used in certain embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to Figures 8 and 9.

The non-contact web turning and spreading device 20 shown in Figures 8 and 9 consists of a curved surface 32, 35 on top of the body, over which the web VJ passes. According to Figures 8 and 9, the device 20 consists of an interior space 20 'bounded by planar walls 24 such as end walls. Through the channel 25, air or other treatment or carrier gas is led through a curved perforated wall 23 to said interior 20 ', from where it is further led to support the web W2 through the nozzle slots 36 in a more detailed manner.

According to Fig. 8, on the support surface 32, the direction of the web W2 is changed at an angle 3, which is at the same time the sector to which the curved support surface 32, the radius of curvature of which is preferably constant, extends. The surface 32 consists of pressure surface slats 34 and intermediate surface slats 35 with directional openings 36. Air is blown through these nozzles towards the web 10 W2 from the interior 20 'of the device, where it is led by a fan (not shown) so that the web W2 is supported at a suitable distance M from the support surface. Nozzle slots 36 are formed between the slats 34 and 35 so that the edges of the slat acting as a pressure surface 37 pivot inwardly through the rounded surface 38 and the edges of the slat 15 acting as an intermediate surface 39 merge with this surface through a sharp edge 21. The edge 21 extends in the flow direction of the jet to such an extent that, together with the rounded surface 18, it gives the jet an exit direction which forms an angle β1 with respect to the web W at the gap. Since it is intended to cause the air jets S to follow without detaching the curved surface 38 up to the pressure 37 surface 37 in order to obtain the most efficient and stable support for the web W2, the gap width a, the radius of curvature R and the angle α of the nozzle 36 are dimensioned. In this context, reference is made to D.W. McGlaughlin and J. Greber, "Experiments on the Separation of a Fluid Jet from a Curved Surface", The American 25 Society of Mechanical Engineers, Advances in Fluids, 1976, pp. 14-29, which shows that in a structure such as the one, the flow rates involved the jet is capable of following a curved surface of about 45 ° to 70 ° The sharp edge is positioned relative to the rounded surface 38 so that in cross section the normal to the joint of the edge and the center of the rounded surface forms an angle of not more than 70 ° with the web direction. the lengths of the intermediate surface 39 and L2 are preferably chosen such that the ratio of their total length + L2 to the width a of the nozzle openings 36 is between about 20 ... 200.

The interfaces 39 are located substantially at the same level as their adjacent pressure surfaces 37. Each edge of the interfaces 39 has a sharp edge 21. Said sharp edge 21 prevents jets 35 13 67586 discharging from the nozzle slot 36 from turning to the interfaces 39. The Coanda effect of the curved guide surfaces 38 is so strong , even the moving web is not able to change the direction of the showers. The blowing air or other similar gas discharged from the nozzle members can only escape from the sides of the web 5, because the guide, pressure and intermediate surfaces close all other air outlets. The flow of air under / over the web towards the side creates an active spreading effect on the web, which is important e.g. in the surface sizing step to prevent wetting of the wetted web.

10

The web support, spreading and / or turning device 20 described above provides a very stable load with low energy consumption and is well suited for handling webs of different qualities. When air escapes under the web from its sides, this causes a force 15 to spread the web, which is advantageous for the invention in several different respects.

An embodiment of the invention which specifically uses active web application by means of devices 20 and / or 40,41, e.g. using transversely reversing airflows, is also advantageous in that the web then requires less time for the expansion caused by the water introduced during the adhesive pressing. Therefore, the length of the tension between surface gluing and post-drying can already be reduced. Add to this the use of the non-contact stabilizing devices of the invention to provide a beneficial interaction.

In addition, the stabilizer device 40, 41 and its nozzles 50 shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 prevent the blowing jets from tipping over and the heat transfer coefficients from falling between the nozzles. Nozzle slots 57,58 are placed on a curved nozzle surface so that the jets (ν ^, ν ^) follow without detachment the nozzle surface 56, which is curved so as to form a recess 59 between the nozzle slots 57 and 58, a kind of rest area from which jets flow in opposite directions (v ^ and meet each other to form a web-supporting air cushion extending longitudinally along the web. The heat transfer coefficient according to the invention is also relatively good between the nozzle slots 57 and 58. Since the web is not exposed to sharp air jets and the jets (vi »v2) 19 67586, the passage of the web is made smooth and non-fluttering by applying the nozzles 50 according to the invention, which is essential for achieving the overall objects of the invention.

The device combination according to the invention, i.e. the combination of glue press, preferably three-roll and two-nip glue press and subsequent contact tower stabilization and control devices, is placed in the drying section of the paper machine, e.g. so that about 2/3 of the drying cylinders are located before the invention after a combination of devices in accordance with

From the point of view of using the stabilizing device 40,41 according to the invention, it is advantageous for the web to pass through it in the most vertical direction possible, since then the removal of wreckage between the nozzles 50 is easier compared to a substantially horizontal distance between the nozzles 50 and the parts 40 and 41.

The following are claims within which, within the scope of the inventive idea, the various details of the invention may vary.

Claims (20)

1. On-machine method in connection with surface bonding of a paper web for conducting the surface bonded and thus moistened web (W) through its surface bonding steps to a post-drying portion (61,61 ', 62', 61a, 62a, 61b , 62b), characterized in that the method 5, in combination, comprises the following steps: the web (W.), which comes from a pre-drying portion of the paper machine, is surface glued to both sides of one or more adhesive press nip, the web (W) is guided after the surface gluing step or the steps either directly or through the mediation of a particular non-touching break, support (20) and / or width stretching device to a stabilizing device (40,41; 40a, 41a, 40b, 41b, 40 ', 41'), by action of which the web is supported without contact and its course is stabilized, the web is guided, according to the preceding step, directly or via a non-touching switching device (20a) and / or a particular articulated or width-stretching roller (42) into the post-drying group of the paper machine, and - regarding stabilization (40,41) and any other transfer means for the web (W) are arranged in such a way that the free features of the web (W) do not become too long with respect to flats and in such a way that the web (W) can expand in its transverse direction. 25 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the web is also actively stretched in its transverse direction by means of air jets by means of such means by which it is stabilized, supported and / or swiveled contact-free. 30 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method uses such a non-touching stabilizing device on both sides of the web, that the web (W and any longitudinal wrinkles in the web are removed or the appearance of such is prevented by said cradles. Method according to claim 1,2 or 3, characterized in that the recovered gases (H) are used in the stabilizing device (40 ', 41') by means of each web being dried in the region of said web stabillseringsanordning. 5. A method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that in the method, in addition to the web stabilizer (40, 41), a after (Fig. 3) and / or prior non-touching carrier, switch and / or width stretching device (20a, 20b), which, in relation to the last nip of the glue press (N ^ jN ^; N ^) OC ^ e ^ tertor ^ cn ^ n8s8ruPPen's first drying cylinder (61), is positioned in such a way that the danger of failure depends on flutter in the web is minimized by the free movement of the web between said devices. 6. A method according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that after the last glue press nip (NjjNj; N ^), by means of the stabilizing device (40,41), contact-free and stabilized, sufficient men were also dried and stabilized in their race. the web (W) is led to such a post-drying group in the paper machine, on whose cylinders starting from the first, normal drying temperature and / or transfer with one or two tissues is used. 25 7. A method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the method uses such a stabilizing device, which consists of a loading structure (46,47) arranged on both sides of the web (W and the mutually spaced walls (48) are provided with overpressure nozzles (50) which lie on the mutually spaced walls (48) between each other at substantially even intervals such that the web (W ban) runs in substantially sinusoidal vigor. supported, stabilized and, if necessary, dried by means of air which is bubbled out of said nozzles (50) (Fig. 5). 35 Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the nozzles of said stabilizing device comprise nozzle drawers, in connection with which there are two opposite nozzle slots 67586 (57,58), which lie at the outer part of one of the inner walls (54,55). in the nozzle drawer and an outer wall limited space (12,13), that the nozzle slots (57,58) are positioned relative to a nozzle surface (56), that the gas jets (vp without loosening follow the nozzle surface (56) which curves much, that a recess (59) is formed between the nozzle slots, which serves as a damping space, in which the gas jets (v ^) flowing in opposite directions meet each other and form an airbag which supports the web (W a considerable distance in the running direction of the web (W ^). 9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the angle (a) between the exit direction (sp and the running direction of the web (W)) is between 40 ° and 70 °, and / or that the outer orifices of the nozzle slots 15 (17,18) lie at a curved (R 2) guide surface on the wall of the nozzle drawer and / or that the support surface (16) after said curved (R 2) guide surface curves continuously and evenly against the interior of the nozzle drawer (10), preferably substantially circularly shaped (R2). 10. A method according to any of claims 3-9, characterized in that the said nozzles (50) of the stabilizer are arranged at such a distance from each other that the wavelength (λ) of the air flowing out of said nozzles into the substantially sinusoidal the running path is within the range X = 200 ... 800 mm, preferably about 400 ... 600 mm and / or that the mutual distance of the opposite nozzle radius Δ is within the range 15 ... 50 mm, preferably about 20 ... 30 mm. 11. A method according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the input side of said stabilizing device (40, 41) and / or said carrier, switching and / or width stretching device (20) is provided with such a control surface ( 20 "), which sufficiently allows variations in the direction of entry of the web without danger of contact with the devices in question. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the non-touching carrier, breaking and / or width-stretching device (20; 20a; 20b) applied to the method used before or after the stabilizer (40, 41) is used. ) for the web consists of a pane or curved carrier surface (32) according to the path (wp) of the web, in connection with which the web (W ^) runs carried by air which is biased in between this surface (32) and the web (W ^), wherein said air has been led into said gap (M) by opening at said bearing surface (32), in relation to the running direction of the web to its longitudinal direction transverse nozzle slots (36), that each nozzle means consists of driven guide surfaces (38) and a pressure surface (37) disposed therebetween, such that nozzle slots (36) are arranged on both sides of said pressure surface (37) to conduct gas such as air to said pressure surface (37), that said nozzle slots (36) on one side adjacent to said curved guide surfaces (38), that the relationship between nozzle spas The width (a) of the lights (36) and the radius of curvature (R) of the guide surface (38) is so selected that the gas flow (s) at the existing flow rates thereof follow the curved guide surface (38) all the way to the pressure surface (37) that the nozzle member belongs. intermediate surfaces (39) which are substantially in the same plane as the adjacent pressure surfaces (37) and that the boundary edges (21) of the intermediate surfaces (39) at the nozzle slots (36) 20 are angular to prevent gas flow from pivoting to the intermediate surfaces (39). 13. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the nozzle gap (36) is directed so that the angle (β L) and the width (a) of the nozzle gap is between 20 and 200. 14. A method according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that the method uses a three-roll adhesive press (11,12,13) and two nip (N 2, 3) in which the web (W) is continuously , also in the area of the glue piles (L 2, 1 3), is supported by the surface of a roller (11,12,13) in the glue press. 35 15. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the web (W) is detached from the central roll (12) in the three-roll adhesive press, which roll is a harder-cured roll than the outer rolls 29, 11,13 after the last nip (N 2) at a defined centrifugal angle (a 2) and is guided either to the non-touching carrier, breaking and / or width stretching device (20) or directly to the fan dryer (40, 41) which stabilizes the web ( W) run, whereby the latter, if necessary, also uses heated drying gases (H) or the equivalent for drying the web (W). 16. A method according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that the method uses an oblique adhesive press (11a, 12a; lib, 12b) with two rolls, the nip of which (N And (17) on both sides of the web (W () and that the web (W) is guided by the non-touching carrier, breaking and / or width stretching device (20b) following the glue press nip (N N, N N). (Fig. 4) or directly (Fig. 3) to the double-sided fan dryer (40a, 41a; 40b, 41b), which stabilizes the path of the web. 15 A paper machine dryer portion intended for carrying out a method according to any one of claims 1-16, which portion comprises a drying group consisting of drying cylinders, thereafter a glue press (100; 100 '; 100a; 100b), a post-drying group located thereafter. , comprising a plurality of drying cylinders (61.62 ...), characterized in that the device belongs to a stabilizer (40,41,40a) acting on both sides of the web (W) and arranged before the drying group (40,41,40a). 41a; 40b, 41b; 40T, 41 '), which are based on the use of gas flows. 25 Apparatus according to Claim 17, characterized in that, in addition to said stabilizing device (40, 41), a separate non-touching carrier is provided in addition to said stabilizing device (40, 41) after the glue press (100,100a, 100b) and before the first drying cylinder (61) in said paper machine. A breaking and / or width stretching device (20; 20a; 20b) for the web (W). Paper made by a method according to any one of claims 1-16 and / or by a device according to any one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that the paper 35 is such newsprint or the like, whose printing properties have been mainly achieved by double-sided gluing. of a path (W).