FI64694B - FOERFARANDE VID UPPBYGGANDE AV VAEGG AV HAOLBLOCK SAMT HAOLBLOCK HAERFOER - Google Patents

Description

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(41) 'Rolls For Public - Bliv! * Ofentllg 28.04.8C

National Board of Patents and Registration of Finland f NihtivSktlpinon „moon ,. | external issue date_ vL 03 83

Patent- OCh registerstyrelsen 'Ansökan utlagd och utl.skriften publluerad (32) (33) (31) Pyydetty etuoikeus — Begird prlorltet 27.10.78

Eversi-Sverige (SE) 7811170-5 (71) AB F & Rila Element, S-820 11 Färila, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (72) Lennart Forslund, Ljusdal, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (7I) Berggren Oy Ab (5I) ) Method of building a wall from a hollow brick and a hollow brick for this purpose - Förfarande vid uppbyggar.de av vägg av hälblock samt hälblock härför

Hollow brick is widely used in the masonry of the walls of various buildings. These bricks, which mainly consist of light clinker balls, have very good insulating properties, which have also been tried to be improved by filling the cavities with an insulating material.

However, the joints between the individual bricks filled with mortar form appreciable cold bridges, which degrade the overall thermal insulation capacity of the wall.

The object of the present invention is to enable a wall with hollow bricks made of materials having good thermal insulation properties to be masked in a conventional manner by long-length joints with considerably better insulating properties.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that the pieces of material 2 64694 are kept compressed in a brick when they are made by covering the cavities, and that the opening is removed during masonry and the mortar is placed on horizontal joint surfaces so that a substantial part of the material can expand in the joint between the bricks.

Although it is already known, for example from the FI publications 59 137 and 59 282, hollow core slabs with thermal insulation have not previously followed the guidelines according to the present invention. It is preferred that the insulation extends to the seams and acts as a cold seal therein. The insulation compound can, of course, be fitted in place on site, but machine-made hollow bricks are difficult to handle if they have protruding insulation. The method and the hollow brick of the present invention have eliminated these disadvantages.

Suitably at least three rows of through holes are formed in the brick, using bricks having cavities substantially equal in width and each end surface of each brick provided with a notch arranged in a straight line with the center row of cavities, and with at least one heat insulating material enclosed in opposite notch ends. a piece that is so large that it can extend at least half the thickness of the line outside the notch in either direction.

A preferred embodiment is characterized in that each brick is substantially made of light clinker balls and is provided with three transversely offset rows of cavities having substantially the same width, and that each end face is further provided with a notch aligned with the center row of cavities.

3 64694

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show an example of an embodiment following. within the scope of the preceding claims and in which Figure 1 shows in principle a light clinker brick with a compressed insulating material, Figure 2 shows how the light clinker brick can be filled with an insulating material.

Fig. 3 schematically shows the aspect ratio between the cavity and the insulating piece placed in it, Fig. 4 shows how the bricks can be fitted to prevent the lengths of the insulating pieces from expanding during transport, Fig. 5 shows the way bricks are transported from the factory to the construction site, and

Figure 1 shows a light link grid 10 suitable for carrying out the invention, with three rows of vertical cavities 11, 12, 13 running through the operating position 64694. The outer cavities are displaced relative to the middle, with a notch 14 corresponding to about half of the cavity being formed in each end wall of the brick.

The cavities are filled with an insulating mass 15 (shown in only a few cavities), e.g. mineral wool. As will be apparent from the following description, the insulating mass is compressed when placed in the cavities, so that the individual pieces of insulation can expand when the brick is placed freely, thereby projecting beyond the top and bottom of the brick.

If the normal thickness of the wall joint is H, the compression is chosen so that the insulating pieces can expand substantially equally in both directions in the height direction of the brick, i.e. suitably H / 2 upwards and downwards. In this way, thermal insulation is obtained inside the wall seam, which breaks the cold bridge created in it. The time of masonry bricks usually transferred to the skin side of the tile length from each other on overlapping kerrpksissa, wherein the overlying layer of insulating body parts falls below an object layer to be two. In this case, substantially continuous strips of insulating material are obtained inside the wall seam - see Figure 6 for more details.

Figure 2 shows schematically how the filling of the insulating material can take place. The brick 10 stands on a conveyor belt 16 and is passed past a station where the insulating material is stored in rollers 17, IS, 19 which hang on the belt. The width of the material webs is adapted to the longitudinal dimension of the cavities 11-13.

The insulating material is passed through a feeder, schematically shown at 20, which compresses the material, cuts it into pieces of suitable length and presses them down into the cavities. The purpose of Fig. 3 is to schematically illustrate the relationships between the cavity II and the insulating body placed therein when the insulating body is cross-sectionally compressed. The piece should have a non-compressible length which approximately measures the length of the brick 10 and thus the height of the cavity 5 64694. As a final insertion step, the piece is compressed longitudinally so that it is located completely inside the outline of the brick.

The bricks finished from the conveyor belt 16 are placed on the loading platform 21 and arranged so that the bricks of the upper layer hold the insulating pieces 15 of the lower layer together. When the pallet is fully loaded, a plastic film hood 22 is threaded on top of everything, which is shrunk around the bricks, whereby the insulating pieces of the upper brick layer also remain at the bottom.

Figure 4 is intended to illustrate how the bricks act to keep the insulating pieces compressed together, even if the bricks of the platform are fitted so that the longitudinal axes intersect.

Fig. 6 shows a part of the wall under construction, in which the seam between the bricks is marked with the letter H. It is observed how the pieces 15 placed in the cavities 11-13 have protruded above the level of the bricks and form a row of pins protruding into the area. As stated above, the corresponding pins of the top - transferred - brick will fit between the pins of the brick below, so that in principle unbroken insulation strips are obtained between the layers of brick.

Insulation pieces of "half" length can be placed in the notches 14 formed at each short end of the brick at the factory, or in connection with masonry, factory-made insulating pieces can be placed in opposite notches, whereby the cold bridge of the vertical joints can also be broken.

In masonry, the mortar is suitably applied in strips 24 along the long sides of the row of bricks, so that only the air space divided by the extended pins of the insulation pieces is obtained in the middle of the row of bricks, the plaster strips 24 being partially penetrated by other insulation pins.

Alternatively, with a suitable mortar applicator, the end of all booms between the insulating pieces can be applied.

6 64694

Insulation pieces can be made of a variety of known refractory materials, but mineral wool has proven to be particularly suitable because it is easily molded into suitably sized pieces and reacts so quickly after compression that the brick can be processed without the insulation material expanding too much.

Claims (3)

7 6 4 6 9 4 A method of constructing a wall from a hollow brick, wherein at least a substantial portion of all the cavities of a single brick (10) are filled with a body (15) of heat insulating, flexible material having a larger volume in the free space than the surrounding cavity (11-13). are kept compressed in the brick during their manufacture by covering the cavity openings, and that the opening is covered during masonry and the mortar is placed on horizontal joint surfaces so that a substantial part of the material can expand in the space between the bricks formed by the joint (H). A method according to claim 1, wherein bricks (10) with at least three rows passing through the cavity (11-13) are used, characterized in that bricks are used whose cavities are substantially equal in width and each end surface of each brick (10) is provided with a notch (14) arranged in the same straight line as the hollow central row (12), and that at least one heat-insulating body (23) is enclosed in the notches of the opposite tile ends so large that it can extend at least half the joint thickness (H) outside the notch in both directions. A cavity brick for building a wall according to claim 1, the cavities (11-13) of which are enclosed in bodies (15) of heat-insulating, flexible material which can be kept temporarily compressed by covering the cavities, characterized in that each brick (10) is substantially made of light clinker balls and provided with three mutually offset rows of cavities (11-13) passing through substantially the same width, and that each end face is provided with a notch (14) aligned with the center row (12) of cavities on the same line .