FI64343C - SAMMANSAETTNING FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV VAERMEISOLATIONSMATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

\ · ΑΓβΙ fill ADVERTISEMENT ϊΛΎΛΎ JgflA l »J (11) UTLÄCCNINGSSKRIFT 64 64 0 C (45) Patent tnyJr.r.; - tty 10 11 1983 Patent oeddelat I (51) Ky.lk. ^ lftt-CI.3 C 04 B 43/00 FINLAND —FINLAND (21) F ^ «nttlh.k.rm * -Pt # ™« wöknln | 752U10 (22) H »k» ml * pthri - Anrtkningidlg 27- 08.75 '' (23) AlkupUvt — Glltlghatadag 27.08. 75 (41) Tullut JutklMlul - BllvK offamllg 29.02.76 _ 1 (44) Nthtivlkslpanon And kuLlulkalaun pvm. -.

Patent-och registrarMn '7 Amekan uttagd och utUkrtftw published 29.07.83 (32) (33) (31) Pyydatty atuoikaua —BaglH prlorttat 28.08.71 »ll.10.lk USSR (SU) 2052751, 2066l87 (71) Proizvodstvenno Obiedinenie "Rosorgtekhstrom",

Novoslobodskaya ulitsa 73, Moscow, USSR (SU) (72) Grigory Nikolaevich Marakov, Moscow, Nikolai Pavlovich Kabanov, Moscow,

Igor Alexandrovich Nazarov, Moscow, Viktor Alexeevich Trutnev, Moscow,

Yakov Moiseevich Polonetsky, Gorky, Sergei Yakovlevich Domazov, Goricy,

Jury Alexeevich Knyazev, Bor Gorkovskoi oblast, Viktor Alexeevich Plotnikov, Gorky, Tatyana Nikolaevna Krylova, Gorky, Vasily Pavlovich Mozhaev, Moscow, Ilya Yakovlevich Leichenko, Moscow, Adolf Petrovich Merkin, Moscow, Evgeny Semenovich Firskin, Moscow * 0 Oy Kolster Ab (5 * 0 Composition for the production of thermal insulation material -

Sammansättning för framställning av värmeisolationsmaterial

The present invention relates to building materials, and more particularly to compositions used in the manufacture of heat insulating materials comprising water glass, sodium fluorosilicate which promotes the curing of water glass, an ingredient having hydrophobic properties for the composition and a porous filler.

The invention can be used to form heat-insulating layers on roof and floor panels, to be installed on wall panels, in the insulation of industrial refrigeration equipment and in heating buildings.

Thermally insulating materials are currently used in the manufacture of compounds based on water glass and containing various fillers of both organic and mineral origin, such as expanded perlite and vermiculite, wood residues (sawdust, trapped hemp) or granulated polymers. For example, a water glass-based compound (SU-2 64343 U.S. Patent No. 272,879) is known which contains polystyrene granules slightly expanded or granules of various foamed plastics as a porous filler; alternatively, finely divided chamotte, chromite or magnesite are used as the mineral filler. The disclosed compound contains sodium fluorosilicate as a water glass curing agent. Ingredients used in quantities; foam granules 3-16% by weight mineral filler 45.5-48.5% by weight water glass 35-44% by weight sodium fluorosilicate 3.5-4.5% by weight

The process for preparing a heat insulating material comprises mixing the constituents of the compound, followed by casting and curing with and without heat treatment. During mixing, the foam granules are coated with a thin layer of water glass to form a strong, porous, closed cell structure; structures with flammable components at the same time are covered with a heat-resistant shell. The mineral filler reduces the amount of shrinkage of the material during curing and increases its strength. The heat-insulating material obtained from the composition containing the above-mentioned amounts has a bulk density of 120 to 600 kg / m 2, a strength of 10 to 50 kp / cm 2 and a thermal conductivity of 0.041 to 0.058 W / m 2. The disadvantage of this known thermal insulation material is that the polymeric filler it contains is a combustible material. This disadvantage is absent from thermal insulation materials made from a composition based on water glass and a porous filler such as expanded perlite and vermiculite. Perlite and vermiculite are used when the material obtained from the composition is used for the insulation of building panels and boards, industrial furnaces and thermal power plants. Said material is prepared from a compound containing ingredients in the amounts indicated in SU inventors' certificates 3051484 and 347321.

Said disadvantages are eliminated by adding wet phosphoric acid and sodium alkyl silicone to the compound. Its composition is thus as follows; expanded perlite 70% by weight orthophosphoric acid 1% by weight water glass 20-27% by weight sodium alkyl siliconate 1.2-2.0% by weight water 35-38% by weight above 100%.

3 64343 O r to fo s f c r i '' aooo facilitates coagulation of water glass so that water glass virtually prevents migration to the surface of the material and sodium alkyl siliconate imparts hydrophobic properties to the material as a result of its water absorption decreasing to one-fifteenth or one-fifteenth of its original value.

The heat-insulating material made from said composition has a density of 200 kg / m 2, a compressive strength of 3.5 kp / cm, a flexural strength of 2.0 kp / cm 2 and a thermal conductivity of 0.064-0.067 W / m ° C.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a water glass-based composition containing low unit mass and low thermal conductivity components and suitable for the production of a thermal insulation material having a reduced density and thermal conductivity.

Said object is achieved by a composition for producing a heat-insulating material, which composition is characterized in that the porous filler is expanded water glass granules having an average size of 2-10 mm, a density of 40-80 kg / m 2, a compressive strength of 1-4 kp / cm and that the ingredients are used in the following amounts: water glass 60-74% by weight expanded water glass granules 37.5-23% by weight sodium fluorosilicate 2.5-3.0% by weight hydrophobic agent 0.5-2 f.% by weight of water glass .

The use of expanded water glass granules as a porous filler contributes to the reduction of the density of the heat-insulating material so that the density is only 120-300 kg / m 'or only 40-77% of the value of known materials. The thermal conductivity of the heat insulating material thus prepared has also decreased between 0.05 and 0.07 W / m ° C.

Thanks to the present invention, a thermally insulating material having a density of 120-300 kg / m, a thermal conductivity of 0.05-0.07 W / m ° C and a flexural strength of 1.5-4.0 kp / cm can be obtained by suitably selecting the proportions of the components within the stated limits. , so this material has significantly better properties than known thermal insulation materials.

It is further preferred that the ingredient of the present invention providing hydrophobic properties is of the general formula I- „„ -; ! Polyethylhydrosiloxane according to U ">! 1 3i - O 'iosr-i n en 9-14 i' n 4 64343.

Studies have shown that the use of polyethylhydrosiloxane as a hydrophobic ingredient delays the absorption of water to one-fourth or one-fifth of the usual amount. Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the composition suitable for the preparation of the composition. as well as examples of its preparation- V 0 2 c;

It is recommended to use expanded water glass granules as a porous filler in the composition when preparing the thermal insulation material. We have come to the conclusion that the recommended average size 3 of granules in expanded water glass should be between 2-10 mm, density 40-80 kg / m 2 and compressive strength 1-4 kp / ert. Granules having said properties can be obtained by known methods. For example, expanded water glass granules can be prepared as follows:

Step 1. A glass of water with a filler (e.g. tripolyte, lime, sodium fluorosilicate) is added to the aqueous solution of calcium chloride in droplets using a wire mesh so that over time a layer forms on the surface of the droplets to prevent them from sticking together. The particles thus obtained are removed At a temperature of 95 ° C,

Step 2. The dried particles are expanded at a temperature above 2 ° C, whereupon they turn into granules having said properties. The granules can then be crushed to a maximum size of 25 mm.

The binder used in the composition of the present invention may be sodium or potassium water glass (R 2 O. Si SiO 2) with a silicate factor n ranging from 2-3.5 and a density of 1.27 to 3.45 g / cm 3.

As the water glass hardener to be added to the composition based on said binder, a reagent which coagulates the water glass is used. These reagents, called water glass curing promoters, include salts (eg sodium chloride and sodium fluorosilicate), acids (eg hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid) and oxides (eg calcium oxide, barium oxide and magnesium oxide). »The most effective water glass curing agent is sodium. 5 64343. Orthosphoric acid having a concentration of 55-70% and a density of 1.475-1.53 g / c at ~ 20 ° C can also be used as a curing agent.

Suitable substances with hydrophobic properties are various cranosilicone compounds, e.g. sodium polyethylene silicone, sodium umr o 1 y m. Ethyl 11 s α 1 u: <onaa 11 i, polyethylhydroxiloxane · It has been found that of the general formula CH 1

12 "5 I

! Si - 0! wherein n is a polyethylhydrosiloxane according to 9-14

The polyethylhydrosiloxane has a viscosity of 45-200 cSt at 20 ° C, a pH of at least 6 and an active hydrogen content of 1.3-1.42 s. The ingredient is used as a 50 Irsena aqueous emulsion. R The addition of polyethylhydrosiloxane to the composition of the present invention as a hydrophobic property agent contributes to a small water absorption f which is one-fourth or one-fifth of the conventional amount.

It has been found that if the water glass curing agent is sodium fluorosilicate, the porous filler should be added to the composition as expanded water glass granules having the above properties, and the proportions of the ingredients in the composition are as follows: water glass 60-74% by weight expanded water glass granules 37.5-23% by weight sodium fluoride 2.5-3.0% by weight of a component providing hydrophobic properties 0.5-2.0% by weight by weight of water glass The density of the thermal insulation material made from this composition is 120-300 kg / m 2. Thermal conductivity 0.05-0.07 W / m ° C, bending strength 1.5-4.0 kp / cm and water absorption 9-6% by volume.

If the water glass content is less than 60% by weight, the binder will not be able to cover all the granules of the filler and this will reduce the strength of the product. On the other hand, if more than 74% by weight of water glass is added to the composition, the density of the product increases, impairing the crosslinking properties of the product. The sodium fluorosilicate density is selected according to the amount of water glass used and the silicate factor 6 64343 f.

N-er.etev.md. ready to mix the components of the water-based thermal insulation material, mixing the product together with the thermal glass material of the product. Since the water-curing agent is r.Sodium fluorosilicate, it should be noted that the mixture of water glass and sodium fluorosilicate and polyethylhydrosiloxane is completely added.

Example 1

A mixture was prepared containing 354 kg of 50% water glass, 14 .mu.l of sodium fluorosilicate and 7 kg of polyethylhydrosiloxane. 107 kg of expanded water glass granules were added to the mixture and stirring was continued. The composition was silenced and the thermal insulation material was dried at 20 ° C. Samples taken from the prepared material were examined. The density of the material was 300 kg / n2, the thermal conductivity ky f-y 0, C 7 W / r ?. C and ta tivu s 1 u j uu s 4.0 kp / cm 2.

Example 2

A mixture of 233 kg of 50% water glass, 11.2 kg of sodium fluorosilicate, 2.8 kg of polyethylhydrosiloxane and 1C7 kg of expanded water glass granules was prepared. The material had a density of 240 kg / m-1, a thermal conductivity of 0.063 W / m strength 3.5 kg / cm2.

Example 3

A mixture was prepared containing 200 kg of 50% water glass, 8.9 kg of sodium fluorosilicate, 2.1 kg of polyethylhydrosiloxane and 89 kg of expanded water glass granules. The material had a density of 200 kg / m 2, a thermal conductivity of 0.06 W / m ° C and a final bending strength of 3 kp / cm 2.

Example 4

A mixture was prepared containing 102.4 kg of 50% water glass, 4.2 kg of sodium fluorosilicate, 0.5 kg of polyethylhydrosiloxane and 64.1 kg of expanded water glass granules. The material had a density of 120 kg / m2, a thermal conductivity of 0.05 W / m ° C and a final bending strength of 1.5 kp / cm.

Example 5

A mixture was prepared containing 153 kg of 50% water glass, 6.1 kg of sodium fluorosilicate and 81 kg of expanded water glass granules. The density of the material was 163 kg / m2, the thermal conductivity 0.053W / o 2 m ° C, the final bending strength 1.8 kp / cmz and the water absorption 210 weight -?:, N 64343 Σsirr.

A mixture was prepared containing 153 kg of 50% water glass, 5.1 kg of matrix fluorosilicate, 1.4 kg of polyethylhydrosiloxane and 81 kg of expanded water glass granules. The density of the material was 165 kg / "'.' and water absorption 80% by weight

A mixture was prepared containing 153 kg of 50% water glass, 5.1 kg of sodium fluorosilicate, 1.7 kg of sodium polyethyl siliconate and SI kg of expanded water glass granules. The density of the material was 3,165 kg / m 2 and the water absorption was 125% by weight.