FI63794C - Blekerioperation - Google Patents
Blekerioperation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI63794C FI63794C FI760636A FI760636A FI63794C FI 63794 C FI63794 C FI 63794C FI 760636 A FI760636 A FI 760636A FI 760636 A FI760636 A FI 760636A FI 63794 C FI63794 C FI 63794C
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- filtrate
- recovery
- pulp
- residue
- cooking
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009993 causticizing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004106 carminic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012730 carminic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims 1
- 229940080423 cochineal Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940088417 precipitated calcium carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000732 tissue residue Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004885 white matter Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPRJTLAULHNDLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloropanaxydiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC1OC1CC#CC#CC(O)C(O)CCl BPRJTLAULHNDLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009896 oxidative bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C11/00—Regeneration of pulp liquors or effluent waste waters
- D21C11/0021—Introduction of various effluents, e.g. waste waters, into the pulping, recovery and regeneration cycle (closed-cycle)
- D21C11/0028—Effluents derived from the washing or bleaching plants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/40—Production or processing of lime, e.g. limestone regeneration of lime in pulp and sugar mills
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
- Y10S162/08—Chlorine-containing liquid regeneration
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1001675 | 1975-03-11 | ||
| GB1001675 | 1975-03-11 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI760636A7 FI760636A7 (enExample) | 1976-09-12 |
| FI63794B FI63794B (fi) | 1983-04-29 |
| FI63794C true FI63794C (fi) | 1983-08-10 |
Family
ID=9959879
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI760636A FI63794C (fi) | 1975-03-11 | 1976-03-11 | Blekerioperation |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4039372A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS51112902A (enExample) |
| AR (1) | AR209150A1 (enExample) |
| AT (1) | AT360332B (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR7601443A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1070908A (enExample) |
| FI (1) | FI63794C (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2303896A1 (enExample) |
| PT (1) | PT64868B (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE416565B (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA761255B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4104114A (en) * | 1977-05-05 | 1978-08-01 | Erco Envirotech Ltd. | Bleach plant operation |
| US4188260A (en) * | 1977-05-05 | 1980-02-12 | Erco Envirotech Ltd. | Low effluent pulp mill, bleach plant operation |
| US4325783A (en) * | 1978-03-30 | 1982-04-20 | Erco Industries Limited | Bleaching procedure using chlorine dioxide and chlorine solutions |
| FR2432574A1 (fr) * | 1978-08-01 | 1980-02-29 | Europeen Cellulose | Procede de blanchiment de pate a papier |
| NO800041L (no) * | 1979-01-11 | 1980-07-14 | Weyerhaeuser Co | Fremgangsmaate for vasking av cellulosemasse. |
| SE8605120L (sv) * | 1986-08-14 | 1988-02-15 | Alby Klorat Ab | Sett att bereda sulfidfri alkalilut |
| AU685483B2 (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1998-01-22 | Champion International Corporation | Improved process for recycling bleach plant filtrate |
| US5352332A (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1994-10-04 | Maples Gerald E | Process for recycling bleach plant filtrate |
| US5938892A (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1999-08-17 | Champion International Corporation | Process for recycling bleach plant filtrate |
| US5853535A (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1998-12-29 | Champion International Corporation | Process for manufacturing bleached pulp including recycling |
| US5549788A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1996-08-27 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Minimal effluents discharge pulp mill with chemical recovery |
| US5374333A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1994-12-20 | Kamyr, Inc. | Method for minimizing pulp mill effluents |
| US5302246A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1994-04-12 | Kamyr, Inc. | Method of managing liquid steams in a pulp mill |
| SE470538C (sv) | 1992-12-02 | 1996-02-26 | Kvaerner Pulping Tech | Sätt vid blekning av massa utan användning av klorhaltiga kemikalier |
| SE501613C2 (sv) * | 1993-08-03 | 1995-03-27 | Kvaerner Pulping Tech | Sätt vid integrering av blekning och återvinning vid framställning av massa |
| US5554259A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1996-09-10 | Union Camp Patent Holdings, Inc. | Reduction of salt scale precipitation by control of process stream Ph and salt concentration |
| EP0831170A3 (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1998-11-11 | Champion International Corporation | Improved process for recycling bleach plant filtrate |
| US5722264A (en) * | 1995-08-07 | 1998-03-03 | Beloit Technologies, Inc. | Single roll displacement wash press |
| US5728264A (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1998-03-17 | Union Camp Patent Holding, Inc. | Avoidance of salt scaling by acidic pulp washing process |
| US5741399A (en) * | 1996-06-24 | 1998-04-21 | Beloit Technologies, Inc. | Pulp washing method |
| US5922171A (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 1999-07-13 | Eco-Tec Limited | Method and apparatus for removing sodium chloride from pulping chemicals using an amphoteric ion-exchange resin |
| SE516969C2 (sv) * | 2000-08-14 | 2002-03-26 | Metso Paper Inc | Klordioxidblekning i två steg med återföring av filtrat |
| DE10320618A1 (de) * | 2003-05-08 | 2004-11-18 | Papierfabrik Albbruck Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Bleichen von Faserstoffen |
| FI122237B (fi) | 2007-06-15 | 2011-10-31 | Andritz Oy | Menetelmä nestevirtojen käsittelemiseksi sellutehtaalla |
| US8246779B2 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2012-08-21 | Noram Engineering And Constructors Ltd. | Maintenance of sulfur concentration in Kraft pulp processes |
| CA2793941C (en) | 2010-03-23 | 2015-08-18 | International Paper Company | Improved bctmp filtrate recycling system and method |
| SE542676C2 (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2020-06-23 | Axolot Solutions Ab | Method for washer pulp where the wash filter is purified and re-circulated |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3183145A (en) * | 1962-06-22 | 1965-05-11 | Jr Theron T Collins | Odor control and heat recovery in wood pulping process |
| US3269941A (en) * | 1964-03-23 | 1966-08-30 | Kimberly Clark Co | Method of neutralizing acid bleachery effluent |
| GB1106841A (en) * | 1965-01-25 | 1968-03-20 | Electric Reduction Co | Process for the production of bleached pulp |
| GB1217833A (en) * | 1967-01-16 | 1970-12-31 | Electric Reduction Co | Improved cellulosic pulp process |
| US3746612A (en) * | 1969-12-30 | 1973-07-17 | Erco Envirotech Ltd | Removal of sodium chloride from white pulping liquor |
| SE400997B (sv) * | 1972-12-15 | 1978-04-17 | Erco Envirotech Ltd | Sett for avlegsnande av natriumklorid ur regenererad vitlut |
| US3909344A (en) * | 1973-12-03 | 1975-09-30 | Erco Envirotech Ltd | Removal of sodium chloride from pulp mill operations |
| US3945880A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1976-03-23 | Erco Envirotech Ltd. | Sodium chloride removal in pulp mill systems |
-
1976
- 1976-03-02 ZA ZA761255A patent/ZA761255B/xx unknown
- 1976-03-05 CA CA247,406A patent/CA1070908A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-05 PT PT64868A patent/PT64868B/pt unknown
- 1976-03-09 US US05/665,240 patent/US4039372A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1976-03-10 BR BR7601443A patent/BR7601443A/pt unknown
- 1976-03-10 SE SE7603166A patent/SE416565B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-11 FI FI760636A patent/FI63794C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-11 FR FR7606953A patent/FR2303896A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-03-11 JP JP51025663A patent/JPS51112902A/ja active Granted
- 1976-03-11 AT AT177876A patent/AT360332B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-11 AR AR262519A patent/AR209150A1/es active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU1175376A (en) | 1977-09-15 |
| ATA177876A (de) | 1980-05-15 |
| PT64868B (en) | 1977-07-22 |
| JPS51112902A (en) | 1976-10-05 |
| AT360332B (de) | 1980-01-12 |
| SE7603166L (sv) | 1976-09-13 |
| ZA761255B (en) | 1977-03-30 |
| FR2303896B1 (enExample) | 1978-08-25 |
| AR209150A1 (es) | 1977-03-31 |
| JPS5653035B2 (enExample) | 1981-12-16 |
| FR2303896A1 (fr) | 1976-10-08 |
| PT64868A (en) | 1976-04-01 |
| SE416565B (sv) | 1981-01-19 |
| FI760636A7 (enExample) | 1976-09-12 |
| US4039372A (en) | 1977-08-02 |
| CA1070908A (en) | 1980-02-05 |
| BR7601443A (pt) | 1976-09-14 |
| FI63794B (fi) | 1983-04-29 |
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