FI61164B - Cargo pallet - Google Patents

Description

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Sweden-Sweden (SE) 7602952-9 (71) Nilssons Industriemballage AB, S-330 27 Hestra, Sweden-Sweden (SE) (72) Nils Gösta Wilhelm Persson, Ljungsbro, Sweden-Sweden (SE) (7 * 0 Oy Kolster Ab (5 * 0 Loading Ball - Lastpall

The present invention relates to a loading ball which is used when transporting large objects in order to protect them and enable them to be handled, for example, with fork-lift trucks or the like. The balls of this type used so far have been standardized in Europe by a concept called the European Ball. (In Sweden, the term SJ ball also appears.) These balls are made firmly of wood and usually the sender hopes to return them. The balls are relatively expensive, cracked and heavy and therefore whistling to handle. A significant disadvantage of these bales is, moreover, that they can hardly be repaired when damaged and that the reuse of the timber requires the removal of the nails, which is expensive. The "amount of scrap" obtained from these bales is considerable.

Due to these drawbacks, loading pallets have a significant effect on high transport costs. In this case, the majority of the handling is by hand whenever the balls are moved without

The present invention relates to a loading ball intended as a disposable ball and consisting of a fibreboard or similar tubular sleeves (support legs) of cardboard or other fibrous material and supporting stiffening strips of the same fibrous material, is embedded in the holes in the chipboard and the stiffening strips, respectively, and glued on all contact surfaces between the ends of the support legs and the plates and the reinforcement strips, respectively. Such a ball made of particle board material, glue and cardboard sleeves does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks. It is also lighter and cheaper than previous structures. Another advantage of the loading ball according to the invention is that it does not contain nails or the like. It can therefore be e-dulled into a disposable package, the bales can be assembled and returned directly to the manufacturer for grinding and the production of new particle board or the like. The loading ball according to the invention, in particular the disposable ball, requires a different type of routine from transporters than previously used. Disposable balls are collected together and returned to the particle board supplier at appropriate intervals during transportation.

Returning material to make new particle board represents a national economic benefit and reduces the total amount of waste.

The abundance of variations of the prior art shows sufficiently clearly the difficulty of obtaining a disposable loading ball of the above quality. The requirements for such a ball can be expressed as follows: 1) It must be so inexpensive to manufacture that it can actually be used as a disposable ball.

2) It must be easily and economically scrapable, ie preferably it must be possible to grind it directly into new pulp in a profitable manner.

3) It must be strong enough to replace the standard balls used so far.

The ball known from U.S. Patent 2,444,184 is probably the best to date to meet these wishes. It satisfies conditions 1) and 2), but it has not proved to be strong enough if a relatively expensive material is not used.

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However, the American ball is intended as a disposable ball and is provided with a fibreboard and a cylindrical father with glued cardboard or the like.

The applicant of the present invention has performed experiments with balls of this type with glued support legs, and these experiments have shown that the applicant's inexpensive material does not achieve sufficient durability. The adhesive between detached relatively easily so that the cover layer comes off.

The tested ball, which had support legs glued on top according to the American patent, thus did not have enough strength to compete with the existing wood balls.

The present invention is characterized in that the holes embedded in the plate are formed as annular milled grooves with a base corresponding to the end profile of the support legs, into which grooves the end surfaces of the support legs are pressed and glued, the depth of the milled grooves exceeding half the plate

The subject matter of the invention thus has suitable notches in the cover for support divisions, and has shown that this fastening of the cardboard sleeves increases the strength beyond the limit which means the minimum requirements for the loading bales. In this area, a reasonable improvement in strength also means considerable progress.

Recent experiments show that this increase in the surface of the adhesive joint is really crucial for the strength of the ball.

Three embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 shows a loading ball according to the invention seen from above, Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the device according to Figure 1 along line II-II, Figure 3 shows a modified embodiment, especially for lighter goods, Fig. 4 shows the same ball in cross-section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3, 4 61164 Figs. 5 and 6 show sections of different known fastening methods of support legs arranged on the loading ball cover, Fig. 7 shows the fastening of support legs to the cover according to the invention.

The embodiment shown in Figure 1 consists of a particle board 1, which is preferably about 1 cm thick and preferably has standardized dimensions, i.e. about 120 x 80 cm. This chipboard is symmetrically made in three rows, each with three circular grooves, i.e. 9 grooves, preferably with an outer diameter of about 12 cm and a groove width of 1 cm. Cylindrical cardboard sleeves 2 with a wall thickness of preferably about 1 cm are pressed in and glued to these grooves. It has proven economical to use cardboard sleeves which are present in large quantities as winding shafts, e.g. for corrugated cardboard rolls or the like. These are suitably cut to a length of about 12 cm and placed in the grooves in the plate and glued to them on all sides. The stiffness of the plate is considerably increased compared to that if the sleeves 2 are glued directly to the lower surface or only to the openings on the outer surface.

As already mentioned, it has proved suitable to use a chipboard with a quality of about 1 cm thick, which is commercially referred to as Quality 2. The resistance of the board to moisture and its stiffness increase if it is coated with, for example, a layer of plastic lacquer or the like. A ball with the above-mentioned dimensions and proportions weighs about 8 kg, which should be compared to a traditional European ball weighing about 25 kg. For heavy stuff, a traditional wood ball shows higher durability numbers, but in most cases it is unnecessarily strong. Therefore, the plate according to the invention can be advantageously used, for example, in most transports of refrigerators, electric stoves and other general cargo. The bale according to the invention is particularly suitable for transporting bundled corrugated boards, in which the weight of the load on the bale rarely exceeds 400 kg.

Figures 3 and 4 show the simplest form of a ball according to the invention, while Figures 1 and 2 show an embodiment which in practice has been shown to meet most requirements. It has three strips of particle board 3 which have been used to reinforce the underside of the ball. In the embodiment shown, the strips 3 seen are about 12 cm wide and are provided with annular grooves for the free ends of the cardboard sleeves. They are glued in the same way as for the upper chipboard 1 and are made of the same material as this. The loading ball according to the invention reinforced in this way weighs about 15 kg, but its strength with respect to the stresses present is very close to the strength of a traditional wooden ball. In contrast, the loading ball according to the invention can be substantially damaged without puncturing cracks and nails, which in many cases pose a direct danger to the person handling the balls. From the point of view of occupational safety, the ball according to the invention is therefore considerably better.

Figure 5 is a sectional view of attaching a support leg to a cover in accordance with, e.g., U.S. Patent No. 2,444,184. The mean diameter of the support leg is denoted by D and the material thickness of both the lid and the cardboard tube (support leg) is denoted by t.

It is easy to understand that the surface of the adhesive joint in this case will be approximately 7Γ. D. t and practical experiments have shown that this attachment is valid in a large number of cases, but that far too high a percentage of the support legs come off. This has at least been the case for the material used by the applicant.

Since the fracture takes place around the adhesive joint so that the surface of the cover comes off and follows the adhesive joint and the support leg, it can be considered that the joining is too weak.

Figure 6 shows the attachment of the support leg to the hole. The surface of the adhesive joint is then expressed in t, -, - t2 (D + f). ^ T.r = D.yT.t + - t2

The relatively moderate increase - ^ - together with the forces generated by the immersion of the ends of the support leg, which to a large extent also increases the resistance to breakage, has been shown to give in practice about 40% higher strength.

Fig. 7 shows the attachment in the applicant's disposable ball according to the invention, in which the upper edge of the support leg is inserted into a circular groove in the plate (lid), the depth of the groove being greater than half the thickness of the lid, i.e. greater than • j.

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In this case, the surface of the adhesive joint becomes approximately D.7T "-t + 2- D * f - 'jT' = 2. D. 7Γ t, i.e. twice as large as in the case of Figure 4. practically twice the strength of the American type and that, from the point of view of use, it is completely comparable to a normal wooden ball and in many cases better, especially the ball in which both the cover and the reinforcement strips are attached to the outriggers in this way (Figures 1 and 2).

The attachment of the outriggers is thus crucial for whether the ball is practically usable or not, and it has been found that the embodiment according to Figure 7 alone meets the set requirements. The embodiment according to Fig. 7 is clearly better than the structure of Fig. 6 and also has the technical effect that the adhesive does not penetrate the upper side of the lid and does not stick to the curing table, which facilitates the manufacture. According to the invention, it has proved suitable to fit a hole marked 4 in the drawing (Fig. 7), which on the one hand serves to centrally guide the milling machine, which makes a groove 5 in Fig. 7 and which on the other hand serves to remove adhesive fumes, condensed steam and the like

Thus, in the embodiment according to the invention, the fastening groove is made milled in the plate, circular, whereby the depth of the groove exceeds half the thickness of the plate. A binder (glue) is applied to this groove, the end of the support leg or both, after which the end of the cardboard tube is introduced into the groove and the glue is hardened.

A ball made in this way has proven to be very much above the strength of previous structures and this is especially true when both the cover and the slats below are attached to the outriggers in this way.

An additional technical effect is achieved according to the invention with protection against leakage of glue in the direction of the curing table, which has made it possible to increase the production speed, despite the fact that grooving is in principle a more complex operation than previous punching through holes.

As a result, the loading ball according to the invention has the advantage of lower weight and lower cost, as well as safer handling. It is, moreover, made of a material which can be directly ground to obtain the fibrous material again. The complete absence of nails, cracks and the like is then a great advantage. It also releases large amounts of valuable timber for other purposes. It may be mentioned that the number of unsuitable rejected pallets of the conventional type in a single larger company can now exceed 100,000 in one year.