JP2019064724A - Wooden molded article and wooden pallet - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a wooden molded article and a wooden pallet for contributing environmental protection via effective use of an unutilized materia while improving a dynamic characteristic.SOLUTION: A wooden molded article that is molded by bonding and joining wood chips with an adhesive is constituted as a wooden pallet 1 in which a plan view rectangular substrate part 20 is provided; a plurality of leg parts 21, 21... are placed on one flat surface of the substrate part 20; and a pair of substrate parts 20 and 20 are attached thereto via a leg part 21. A bamboo 23 as a reinforcement material cut in predetermined length by vertically cutting the bamboo in a fiber direction is integrally embedded inside the substrate part 20 in a planar direction of the substrate part 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to the technology of wood moldings and wood pallets, and more particularly to a wood molding and wood pallet obtained by bonding wood chips by adhesive bonding.

  Conventionally, as a woody molded body formed by bonding and bonding a wood chip with an adhesive, for example, a board material and a floor material as a building construction material, and a cargo handling pallet as a transportation material are well known. This type of molded wood is generally bonded to the surface of wood chips using wood chips obtained by crushing and cutting wood such as softwood and hardwood as small wood raw materials and shredding or cutting into small pieces or micronized It is manufactured by hot-press molding of the applied agent.

  As an example of a conventional woody molded product, for example, Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 discloses the structure of a woodwork pallet for cargo handling in which a pair of particle boards (a pair of pallet bodies) are assembled via a leg portion. It is done. Such a wooden pallet for cargo handling usually has a cargo handling surface on one side or both sides, and a fork insertion part in which the claws of the forklift can be inserted from two directions or four directions is formed at the separation of the legs.

  However, since the above-mentioned conventional wood molding is an aggregate of wood chips which are small pieces, for example, when it is configured as a pallet for cargo handling, it has a bending strength, rigidity, etc. compared to a pallet made of wood or plywood. There is a problem that the mechanical properties of the above are inferior, and the load resistance is small as a material for transportation and the loading load is limited.

By the way, drifting debris such as driftwood and drifting bamboo in the dam reservoir also interferes with water intake and water flow due to power generation etc. Therefore, it is important in dam maintenance and management that the drifting debris be promptly withdrawn from the reservoir and treated and disposed As one of the important tasks, these drifting wastes have been recycled in recent years from the viewpoint of environmental protection such as reduction of waste treatment costs and reduction of CO ₂ emissions associated with incineration. Measures are being considered for reuse without waste disposal.

  Among the drifting debris, in particular, drifting wood has been shredded to promote recycling to wood chips and compost, and it has become possible to utilize this as wood chips for wood moldings. On the other hand, for drift bamboo, no effective measures have yet been established for recycling, and in terms of utilization of drifting dust, if driftwood and drift bamboo can be recycled together and used, Treatment costs can be reduced, and efforts can be made to further conserve the environment by effectively utilizing unused materials.

  For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 3, a transportation pallet using bamboo material as a structural member (aggregate) has been proposed, focusing on the strength of the bamboo material. The bamboo materials are aligned in a predetermined position and covered with a resin sheet or the like, and therefore, the mechanical characteristics of the woody molding made of the above-mentioned wood chips are improved, and unused materials such as drifting dust and the like It is not enough to solve the technical issues and social demands such as effective utilization.

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 08-183531 JP, 2014-172645, A JP, 2009-132452, A

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems with respect to a wood molded article and a wood pallet, and provides a wood molded article and a wood pallet contributing to environmental protection by effectively utilizing unused materials while improving mechanical characteristics. The purpose is

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above, and next, means for solving the problem will be described.

  That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in a woody molded body formed by bonding and bonding a wood chip with an adhesive, a base portion having a rectangular shape in plan view is provided, and bamboo is used as a reinforcing material inside the base portion. The bamboo material longitudinally split in the fiber direction and cut into a predetermined length is integrally embedded along the planar direction of the base portion.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the bamboo material is disposed along a rib portion linearly bulging out on one plane side of the base portion.

  According to the third aspect of the invention, the bamboo material is disposed along the periphery of the base portion and is disposed obliquely to the periphery of the base portion.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the bamboo material is disposed to cross in a mesh shape.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is a wood pallet comprising the wood shaped article according to any one of the first to fourth aspects.

  In a sixth aspect, a plurality of leg portions are disposed on one plane of the base portion, and a pair of base portions are assembled via the leg portions.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the bamboo material is disposed apart from the legs.

  As an effect of the present invention, it is possible to contribute to environmental protection by effectively utilizing unused materials while enhancing mechanical characteristics.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a wooden pallet according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of a wooden pallet. It is a bottom view of a pallet body. It is a partially expanded view of the pallet body of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the arrangement configuration of the bamboo material seen from the direction orthogonal to a rib part. It is AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. It is the figure which showed the extraction place of the sample piece for dynamic characteristic measurement. It is the graph which showed the bending strength of the material between leg and fork.

  Next, modes for carrying out the invention will be described.

  In the following embodiments, as an example, the case where a wooden pallet 1 as a material for transportation is configured is described. However, as described later, the embodiment of the wood molding is not limited to the wood pallet 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the wooden pallet 1 of this embodiment is constructed as a double-sided pallet having a cargo handling surface on both sides by assembling a pair of pallet bodies 2 and 2, specifically, a pair The base portions 20, 20 of the pallet body 2, 2 are integrally assembled via a plurality of legs 21, 21. A fork insertion portion 10 into which a fork (fork) of a forklift can be inserted is formed in the space between the pair of pallet bodies 2 and between the adjacent leg portions 21 and 21. The fork insertion portion 10 is It is opened in four directions of the wooden pallet 1, and the claws of the forklift can be inserted from four directions.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the pallet body 2 forms an upper half or lower half of the wooden pallet 1 and is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view (a square shape in this embodiment). , And a plurality of (nine in the present embodiment) legs 21 · 21 ··· protruding from the opposing surface 20b which is one flat surface side of the substrate portion 20, and the same linearly bulges in the opposing surface 20b. A plurality of rib portions 22 · 22 · · · etc. are provided, and the bamboo material 23 as a reinforcing material is integrated with (the accumulated body of) wood chips inside the pallet body 2 (base material portion 20) It is buried as shown in FIG. 5 and 6 etc.

  The wood chip which is the main material of the pallet body 2 is not particularly limited to the wood raw material, but for example, coniferous trees such as pine, cedar and cypress, or hardwoods such as lawan, kapol and poplar are used, A material obtained by crushing and cutting a woody material into small pieces or small pieces is used. In addition to driftwood drifting in the dam reservoir, these wood materials can use construction scraps and thinnings (including leaves, scraps, branches, roots, thinnings of roots, etc.).

  Moreover, the adhesive used at the time of shaping | molding of the pallet body 2 can employ | adopt the adhesive used for a well-known woody molded object (particle board etc.), for example, a urea resin adhesive agent, a melamine resin adhesive agent, urea melamine resin A thermosetting resin such as an adhesive, a phenol resin adhesive, a resorcinol resin adhesive, a urethane resin adhesive, a furfural resin adhesive, and an isocyanate resin adhesive may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, a urea resin adhesive or a urethane resin adhesive is preferably used from the viewpoint of mechanical properties and processability.

  The addition amount (application amount) of the adhesive at the time of molding is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of mechanical properties such as tensile strength and bending strength and workability, dry wood chips and bamboo material 23 are combined. It is prepared to be 5 to 25 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight.

  The pallet body 2 is configured as a woody molded body formed by bonding and bonding wood chips with an adhesive, and the base portion 20, the leg portion 21 and the rib portion 22 are integrally molded. A publicly known method can be adopted as a molding method of the pallet body 2. As an example, the one obtained by applying an arbitrary adhesive to the surface of a wood chip is put into the cavity of a mold having a predetermined shape, 120 It shape | molds by pressing by 500t-700t on the heating conditions of -150 degreeC. In addition, the bamboo material 23 as a reinforcing material is disposed at a predetermined position of the wood chip accumulated in the cavity of the mold, and molded by being covered with the wood chip so that the surface of the bamboo material 23 is not exposed. Adhesively bonded integrally with the wood chip.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the base portion 20 is formed on the upper surface thereof with a horizontal loading surface 20a on which the load is placed, and is opposed to the base portion 20 of the other pallet body 2 on the lower surface. And the above-mentioned legs 21 and ribs 22 are respectively provided in a projecting manner on the opposing surface 20b, and the bamboo material 23 is embedded in the base 20 as described above. .

  The leg portion 21 is provided so as to protrude in a quadrangular pyramid shape on the facing surface 20b, and provided with a convex portion 21a as a cylindrical protrusion and a concave portion 21b as a bottomed cylindrical hole on the abutment surface in the horizontal plane at the top. There is. In the leg portion 21, the pair of convex portions 21a and 21a and the pair of concave portions 21b and 21b are disposed at symmetrical positions with respect to the central axis orthogonal to the butting surface, and at respective vertex positions of a square centered on the central axis ing. Further, a plurality of leg portions 21 having the same shape are arranged at equal intervals at the peripheral edge and central portion of the base portion 20, and more specifically, the corner position of the base portion 20 (4 Location), it is arranged in a total of nine places of the central position (four places) and the central position (one place) of the circumference.

  In a state where the pair of pallet bodies 2 and 2 are assembled, the convex portions 21a of one of the leg portions 21 in the corresponding leg portions 21 and 21 are respectively fitted into and joined to the concave portions 21b of the other leg portion 21. The contact points of the leg portions 21 and 21 are maintained in a joined state by the frictional force of the fitted convex portion 21a and the recessed portion 21b, or are joined and integrated by a known bonding means such as an adhesive. (See FIG. 1 or FIG. 2).

  The rib portion 22 is disposed at a distance between the adjacent leg portions 21 and is protruded at a plurality of locations on the opposing surface 20 b so as to have the same thickness direction dimension. Specifically, the rib portion 22 of the present embodiment is linearly extended so as to connect the leg portions 21 disposed at the corner positions of the base portion 20 along the peripheral edge of the base portion 20. It is an oblique direction with respect to the periphery of the base portion 20, and the central rib 22b linearly extended so as to connect the peripheral rib 22a and the leg portion 21 disposed at the central position around the base portion 20. An oblique rib 22c linearly extending in a direction from the leg 21 disposed at the corner position of the base 20 to the leg 21 disposed at the central position (see FIG. 3). reference). The peripheral rib 22a, the central rib 22b, and the oblique rib 22c are formed to cross or connect with one of them in a reticulated manner, and a part of the oblique rib 22c is continuous with the peripheral rib 22a or the central rib 22b. It is formed so that parts may cross each other.

  The bamboo material 23 is formed as a divided bamboo material, and the bamboo is divided longitudinally (longitudinal direction) in the circumferential direction using a known dividing machine or the like, and cut into a predetermined length, and the length of the cross-sectional rectangle of a predetermined size What was divided into plate shape is used. In the wood pallet 1 of the present embodiment, the size is various, but for example, when the periphery is formed to be 1100 mm × 1100 mm, the bamboo material 23 has a width of 5.0 mm to 15 mm and a thickness of It is preferable to use one that is divided into a long plate shape having a rectangular cross section so as to have a length of 0.2 mm to 10 mm and a length of 300 mm to 1000 mm.

  Bamboo, which is a raw material of the bamboo material 23, is not particularly limited in its type, but from the viewpoint of high strength and low cost, representatively bamboo grass and bamboo are preferably used, and drifting in the dam reservoir Bamboo and thinning materials can be used. In addition, bamboo is preferably used after removing the branches and leaves, and one having the epidermis attached may be used as it is or one having the epidermis exfoliated may be used.

  With regard to the arrangement configuration of the bamboo material 23, regarding the arrangement in the plane direction of the base 20, the plane of the base 20 is completely embedded in the base 20 and the rib 22 without being exposed to the surface of the base 20. One or more bamboo members 23 are disposed along predetermined rib portions 22 (peripheral ribs 22a and oblique ribs 22c) so as to be positioned on substantially the same plane along the direction (the direction of the cargo handling surface 20a) As a whole, a part or the whole is configured to have a mesh shape (grid shape or grid shape) in plan view (see FIGS. 3 to 5 and the like).

  Specifically, one or more bamboo members 23 are disposed along the peripheral rib 22a provided on the peripheral edge of the base member 20, so that the bamboo member 23 as a whole is flat at the peripheral portion of the base member 20. It is arranged in a view rectangle. Also, among the diagonal ribs 22c provided diagonally with respect to the periphery of the base portion 20, three diagonal ribs 22c provided spaced apart in parallel and one rib provided crossing this By arranging one or more bamboo members 23 with 22c, the bamboo members 23 are disposed in a grid shape that partially intersects the whole as a whole at a location other than the peripheral edge of the base portion 20.

  On the other hand, with regard to the arrangement in the thickness direction of the base 20, preferably, it is arranged in the vicinity of the central position in the thickness direction of the base 20 (see FIGS. 5 and 6). The "central position in the thickness direction of the base portion 20" is not the thickness direction dimension T1 between the loading surface 20a which is the upper and lower plane of the base portion 20 and the opposing surface 20b in this embodiment, but the loading surface 20a Of the thickness direction T from the end of the rib 22 to the tip of the rib 22. As described above, by arranging the bamboo material 23 in the vicinity of the central position in the thickness direction of the base 20, it is possible to effectively prevent warpage or distortion of the base 20.

  Next, the pallet body 2 was subjected to a bending test in the following manner to evaluate the mechanical properties of the woody molded body of the present example.

  The pallet 2 used in the test is a component of the wood pallet 1 having a periphery of 1100 mm × 1100 mm. First, 100 parts by weight of the combined wood chips and bamboo materials while stirring the dried wood chips is specified. An adhesive (urea resin adhesive or urethane resin adhesive) was added by spraying so as to be part by weight to prepare a wood chip having an adhesive coated on the surface. Next, this is placed in a mold cavity having the shape of the pallet body 2 and accumulated, and the surface is 5.0 mm to 15 mm wide, 0.2 mm to 10 mm thick, and long on the surface of the accumulated wood chip One or more bamboos of 300 mm to 1000 mm were placed at predetermined positions (positions along the peripheral ribs 22 a and the predetermined diagonal ribs 22 c of the base 20). Then, while covered with wood chips so that the surface of the bamboo material is not exposed, the pallet body 2 was obtained by pressing at 600 t to 650 t under heating conditions of 130 ° C. to 140 ° C. (Examples 1 to 1) 4). Moreover, the pallet body 2 which does not have a bamboo material was also obtained by the same method. (Comparative Examples 1-2).

  As a sample piece, it is formed by dividing the above-mentioned pallet body 2 into a predetermined shape, and specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, between the adjacent girder parts where strength is required at the time of loading on the cargo handling surface Sample pieces A1 to A4 of the inter-leg material (Example 1, Example 2, Comparative Example 1), and a base material part where strength is required when inserting a nail into the fork insertion part and lifting with a forklift The sample pieces B1 to B3 (Examples 3, 4 and Comparative Example 2) of the fork material at the periphery and center of the frame were used.

  The bending test measured bending strength (N) in the three-point bending test of a sample piece using a universal testing machine (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation: AGS-20 kND). As a measurement value of bending strength, an average value of actual measurement values of sample pieces A1 to A4 was adopted for the inter-leg material, and an average value of actual measurement values of sample pieces B1 to B3 was adopted for the inter-fork material.

  From the test results shown in Table 1, Table 2 and FIG. 8, the pallet body 2 of the present embodiment is compared with the conventional pallet body 2 not having a bamboo material (comparative example 1 and comparative example 2). In the case (Example 1, Example 2), the bending strength (N) improves by 185% at the maximum, and in the case of inter-fork material (Example 3, Example 4), the bending strength (N) improves by 161% at the maximum It is permitted to do. From this, it was confirmed that the mechanical properties are enhanced by embedding the bamboo material in the base portion in the molded wood of the present example.

  As described above, the woody pallet 1 of the present embodiment is a woody molded body formed by bonding and bonding wood chips with an adhesive, wherein the base portion 20 having a rectangular shape in plan view is provided, and the inside of the base portion 20 In addition, since the bamboo material 23 obtained by vertically dividing bamboo in a fiber direction and cutting it into a predetermined length as a reinforcing material is integrally embedded along the planar direction of the base portion 20, mechanical properties are enhanced compared to conventional wooden pallets. However, effective utilization of unused materials can contribute to environmental protection.

  That is, in the wooden pallet 1 of the present embodiment, since the base portion 20 is formed by embedding the bamboo material 23 as a reinforcing material along the plane direction, the base portion 20 formed as an aggregate of wood chips It is possible to improve bending strength, rigidity and the like, and to improve load resistance, so it is possible to expand the limitation of the loading load as a material for transportation, and it becomes possible to use for a wider range of applications. In addition, since bamboo 23 is used together with wood chips, it is possible to simultaneously recycle and utilize driftwood and drift bamboo, which are drifting debris in the dam reservoir, and to make effective use of such unused materials for further environmental conservation efforts. It can be expected to proceed.

  In particular, since the wooden material 1 of the present embodiment is disposed along the rib portion 22 in which the bamboo material 23 is expanded in a straight line on one planar side of the base portion 20, the rib portion 22 further provides a base While improving the bending strength, rigidity, etc. of the portion 20, the thickness of the base portion 20 in the thickness direction can be reduced by embedding the bamboo material 23 in the rib portion 22 to reduce the weight and cost of the wooden pallet 1. Can.

  In addition, in the wooden pallet 1 of the present embodiment, the bamboo material 23 is disposed along the periphery of the base portion 20, and is disposed diagonally to the periphery of the base portion 20, and the bamboo material 23 is meshed Cross-over, so that the mechanical properties of the part where stress (load) is applied, especially when loading on a cargo handling surface or when lifting with a forklift, are effectively enhanced, facilitating the rigidity required in practical use Can be secured.

  As mentioned above, it is not limited to the Example mentioned above as a wooden molded object and a wooden pallet of this invention, A various change is possible unless it deviates from the objective of this invention.

  That is, in the wood pallet 1 of the embodiment described above, the configuration formed by the pair of pallet bodies 2 has been described, but for example, the one pallet body 2 is formed in a square shape in plan view. It may be configured to be assembled to the frame body, or it may be formed of only one pallet body 2, the leg portion 21 is disposed on one flat side of the base portion 20, and the fork of the forklift is separated from the leg portion 21. You may comprise so that the insertable fork insertion part 10 may be formed.

  Further, in the wooden pallet 1 of the above-described embodiment, in the leg portion 21, the pair of convex portions 21a and 21a and the pair of concave portions 21b and 21b are provided at symmetrical positions with respect to the central axis orthogonal to the butting surface. Although described, the arrangement configuration of the convex portion 21a and the concave portion 21b is not limited to this, and at least one convex portion 21a and the concave portion 21b may be provided on one leg portion 21, respectively.

  Moreover, in the wooden pallet 1 of the Example mentioned above, although the leg part 21 demonstrated the structure provided with multiple (nine pieces) thing of the same shape, the arrangement configuration of the leg part 21 is not limited to this, For example, the shapes of the legs 21 may be formed differently depending on the arrangement.

  Further, in the wood pallet 1 of the embodiment described above, the bamboo material 23 is disposed along the periphery of the base portion 20, and is disposed obliquely to the periphery of the base portion 20, and crosses in a mesh shape However, the arrangement configuration of the bamboo material 23 is not limited to this, and part or all of the bamboo material 23 can be arbitrarily arranged in a lattice shape or a grid shape or the like in plan view. . In addition, according to the arrangement configuration of the bamboo material 23, the rib part 22 is suitably arrange | positioned so that the bamboo material 23 can be arrange | positioned.

  Further, in the wood pallet 1 of the embodiment described above, the vertical direction of the bamboo material 23 in the state of being embedded in the base portion 20 is not particularly limited, and as illustrated in FIG. 5 and FIG. Not only the side in the lateral direction is arranged to be vertically oriented, but the side in the lateral direction may be arranged to be oriented vertically. As in the latter case, when the side surface of the bamboo material 23 is arranged so that the side surface in the latitudinal direction is directed vertically, the bulkiness in the thickness direction at the intersection of the bamboo materials 23 is reduced. The directional dimension (T1 or T2) can be formed small.

  Further, in the wood pallet 1 of the embodiment described above, the configuration in which one or more bamboo members 23 are disposed along the predetermined rib portion 22 has been described, but, for example, one each of the peripheral rib 22a and the oblique rib 22c Two bamboo members 23 may be disposed, and a plurality of bamboo members 23 having different lengths may be disposed on the diagonal rib 22 c in accordance with the rib shape.

  Moreover, as a structure of a wooden molded object, it not only comprises as a wooden pallet as a conveyance material like the Example mentioned above, for example, the wooden board material as a building construction material, and a certain height to a floor You may comprise as a wooden flooring material etc., such as a floor material for taking up space, and becoming a double floor.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 wood pallet 2 pallet body 10 fork insertion part 20 base material part 20a cargo handling surface 20b opposing surface 21 leg 21a convex part 21b recessed part 22 rib part 22a peripheral rib 22b central rib 22c diagonal rib 23 bamboo material

Claims (7)

In a woody molded body formed by bonding and bonding wood chips with an adhesive,
A base portion rectangular in plan view is provided,
A bamboo material obtained by longitudinally dividing bamboo into a fiber direction as a reinforcing material and cutting it into a predetermined length is integrally embedded in the inside of the base portion along the planar direction of the base portion.
A woody molded body characterized by   The woody molded article according to claim 1, wherein the bamboo material is disposed along a rib portion which is linearly expanded on one flat side of the base portion.   The woody molded article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bamboo material is disposed along the peripheral edge of the base portion and obliquely disposed with respect to the periphery of the base portion.   The woody molded article according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bamboo material is disposed to cross in a mesh shape.   A wood pallet comprising the wood molded article according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The wood pallet according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of leg portions are disposed on one plane of the base portion, and the pair of base portions are assembled via the leg portions.   The wood pallet according to claim 6, wherein the bamboo material is disposed apart from the legs.

Images