FI58533C - DRAEN - Google Patents

Description

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Patent- och reglsterstyrelsen 'Anaekan uthed oc uc uckrkrtt puMicwad 31.10.80 (32) (33) (31) Pyydnty «chairs ·» - «« gird priorltM 10.07.70 26.02.7i Sweden-Sweden (SE) 961 + 9/70, 2UU6 / 71 (71) Perstorp Ab, Hack, S-28U 00 Perstorp, Örebro Pappersbruks Ab, Box 926, S-701 30 Örebro, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (72) Oleg Wager, Bromma, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (7 ^) 0y Kolster Ab (5 * 0 Sewer - Drän The present invention relates to a sink used for drying low water permeability paints such as clay.

As well as in Finland as in other countries, there are large areas of fine-grained loose deposits on which roads, railways, airports and other structures must be built. The structures will load the ground, and if no special measures are taken, depressions may occur which will damage the structures. Collapses can also occur because the ground cannot withstand the load placed on it.

By facilitating drainage from the ground by means of drains, the subsidence process can be accelerated so that the subsidence occurs mainly during construction, at the same rate as the load is increased. At the same time, the thrust of the earth is also increasing. For example, by sandblasting sand or cardboard drains to the desired depth and then loading the ground, water is compressed from the clay into the drains and through them up to the ground, from where it is led away.

The method is described in Swedish patents 102,311 and 121,887. If the land is thus loaded, for example, by filling with earth masses or by the so-called vacuum method (2,58533) (using atmospheric pressure), depression and an increase in the strength of the subsoil may occur before construction work. Once the desired reinforcement has occurred, the load is removed, after which the construction work can be performed without fear of damaging or collapsing.

A special dewatering problem occurs e.g. in connection with road construction works, when it is desired to use fine-grained hydrated paint qualities, such as clay obtained from cuts, to fill the embankment. Since excavated clay can most often not be used to fill the embankment without special measures, it is usually driven to separate landfills. This entails high additional costs and is also unsuitable for environmental protection. Currently, there is no practical and economical method for drying clay in embankments. The backfill should be virtually gravel, which often has to be taken from the side pits. In many places, gravel is poorly available and therefore priced high, and in addition, side pits are often at odds with environmental considerations. It is therefore desirable that clay masses could be used to fill road embankments. This presupposes that the clay can be dried quickly by suitable means, e.g. by means of drains.

Another example of where drains can be advantageously used, e.g. in road construction work, is when the work is done in winter and the embankment filler is frosted. In frosted soil, pore water (water between mineral grains) is frozen. As the heat rises, the soil melts and the excess water in it creates an overpressure in the pore water, which substantially impairs the thrust of the soil. When it comes to fine-grained soil qualities, it can take a very long time before the water drains, often causing leaks and landslides in the fillers. By placing the drainage pipes in the frozen filling masses during the filling work, their drying during the melting time is facilitated. There is no significant pore water overpressure and the risk of leaks and landslides is eliminated.

According to the above invention, the above and other drying problems can be solved by means of a drain which is characterized in that it comprises an inner part having longitudinal channels on both opposite sides, preferably of uniform and successive continuous waves or the like, and a thin filterable, water-permeable and sheet-like substance so that drainage channels are formed between the inner part and the sheet-like substance, which substance allows the passage of water but prevents the passage of soil particles.

Two embodiments of the present invention are shown in Figs. 2, which show the drain in cross section.

3,58533

In Fig. 1, the body material 1 is formed by a narrow, corrugated plastic sheet with paper sheets 2 attached to both sides. The function of paper as a filter is crucial. The canals would otherwise fill up on land and become impermeable. Of course, it is possible to use materials other than plastic and paper in the present combination, but since these materials on the one hand make the drain suitably rigid and flexible, on the other hand they are inexpensive, the combination is suitable. In certain cases, however, it may be advantageous to use a corresponding profile, e.g. metallic, instead of a plastic body.

Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention, which differs from the form according to Fig. 1 only in that the body 1 is made more stable. The waves on both sides are mirror images of each other. For technical reasons, this embodiment is more preferable when plastic is used as the material, but the result is otherwise the same as in the embodiment according to Fig. 1.

The drain according to the present invention can be immersed in the ground in the same way as the cardboard drain shown in Swedish patents 102,311 and 121,889. However, the handling of the present drain is easier than the handling of the previously known cardboard tube because the latter was brittle and could more easily flatten under the pressure of the ground. In connection with the horizontal drying of the embankment fillings, the hand-held drain can, thanks to its strength, also be able to withstand the pushing stresses in the filling, stabilizing the filling. (The effect of the stabilizing action of the drain in this case will be - in addition to dewatering from clay - the same as the effect of the stabilizing tongue structure of the embankment fillings described in Väg- och vattenbyggaren, No. 8, August 1968, Oleg Wager, Stabilitetsförbättrande spontkonstruktion för bankfylluktion för bankfylluktion. In this case, the land can often be loaded more than would otherwise be possible. The essential difference between the known cardboard drain pipe and the mode of action of the drain according to the present invention is that the paper in the former acted mainly as a drain pipe, causing a high resistance, whereas in the latter case the paper only acts as a filter. When the paper is stiffened by a grooved body, it can also be thinner than just a drainage tube made of cardboard. This increases the efficiency of the drain. In addition, two separate duct systems will be created in the new scrubber in the same scrubber, which will naturally increase its reliability. Its formulation from anise can easily be combined with the aforementioned vacuum system and can also be advantageously used to absorb chemicals, such as lime water, which has a stabilizing effect on many soil types. The drain can also replace the so-called wellpoints when lowering the water level, eg in connection with excavation, and in the drainage of groundwater flow at slopes, thus avoiding groundwater erosion.

* 58533

The drains according to the invention can be manufactured in widths dimensioned in each case according to the current drainage task. Likewise, the channel depth (grooves) in the body can be dimensioned according to the drainage need. The distance between the drains depends on e.g. the quality of the land. In horizontal and vertical drainage, the distance between the center / center will in most cases be between 0.5 and 1.5 m.

In addition to the horizontal drying of the soil layers and road and other embankments, the drains are also well suited for land drying around buildings and for drying fields. Due to the high efficiency of the drain and its shape, the advantage is achieved that the ditch into which the pipe has to be immersed can be made much narrower than when using traditional drain pipes. Thanks to the filter layer, it is also not necessary to set such high requirements for the grain size distribution in the material in which the drain is surrounded than in the case of conventional drain pipes. In addition, any uneven depressions in the country will have virtually no effect on its catchment.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown, but can be modified in various ways within the scope of the invention.