FI130480B - Arrangement for fastening solar panels - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is an arrangement for attaching solar panels to the roof of a building, which arrangement comprises mounting rails for the solar panels and roof brackets (2) for attaching the mounting rails in place. The ceiling bracket (2) comprises a bottom part (5a) placed against the roof surface and a support part (5b) extending upwards from the roof surface, as well as a mounting base (6a) for attaching the mounting rail to the ceiling bracket (2). The ceiling bracket (2) has two or more fastening structures (7, 8) for attaching it to various roof constructions and is made of a substantially uniform thickness of metal sheet so that its bottom part (5a) and support part (5b) form a one-piece, essentially L-profile-shaped structure when viewed from the end.

Description

ARRANGEMENT FOR ATTACHING SOLAR PANELS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is the arrangement defined in the preamble of claim 1 for attaching solar panels.

Due to its versatility, the invention is particularly suitable for fixing structures installed on shaped and jointed roofs, such as solar panels, on top of the roofs. The solution according to the invention is well suited for attaching solar panels to ready-made brick-patterned sheet metal roofs and to corrugated sheet metal, profile sheet metal, and substantially flat sheet metal and felt roofs. Retrofitting various structures on roofs is usually a difficult task due to the flatness and flatness of the roofs. Drilling holes in the roof is a risky task and it must be done in such a way that the roof maintains its tightness throughout the life of the roof.

The shaped and jointed roof is built on top of the structure formed by rafters and rafters. The task of the roof is to form a weatherproof and watertight structure to protect the house.

Post-installation on the roof can deteriorate the protective properties of the roof.

O

N 25 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 3 Traditional fastening methods are already known, which can be used to attach solar panels to the roof, but these fastening methods have various technical shortcomings. In the known

E solutions use different fasteners for each & 30 type of roof material. As a problem, the fixing of known

The advantage of using S solutions is that each Roof type

N needs its own bracket. Learning how to attach each type of fastener to the corresponding type of roofing material is its own learning process. Due to these reasons, the installation of roof brackets intended for fixing solar panels according to known technology is a slow and experience-requiring task. In addition, one disadvantage is that the already known fasteners are usually designed so that their bearing surface against the ceiling is essentially narrow, in which case the load carried by the fasteners puts more strain on the joists or other structures under the roof. The result can then be damage to the roof at the fastener.

The disadvantages of the shape and seam ceiling installations of the fixing solutions according to the known technology can be considered that the installation of the rail profile used for fixing the solar panels, which is the mounting rail, must be done with hand tools due to the lack of space, because the T-screws used to attach the rail profile to the roof brackets point towards the surface of the roof. and are in a tight space between the rail profile and the roof, where a mechanical tool cannot fit between.

In this case, the fastening nuts screwed onto the T-screws must be turned with hand tools, which is slow and heavy work.

One solution according to known technology is presented in the United States patent publication No. US 2014338273 Al. It describes a short roof mount for solar panels that can be

S 25 is attached with screws to the vertical seam of the sheet metal roof or directly to the bd roof structures. The essentially short roof bracket has an integrated fixing part the length and direction of the roof bracket, to which the solar

E copanel with a separate bolt and a small clip. However, in the US & 30 solution, separate lengths are not presented

S mounting rails to which several panels can be attached

N leaves and there is not even a separate place in the roof bracket for such a long mounting rail.

Another solution according to known technology is presented in the US patent application No. US 2011271611 A1, which describes a universal bracket for solar panels. It is a roof bracket for solar panels that can be used to fasten the panels to the roof, and which can be attached with screws directly to the roof structures or clamped to the roof ridges with the help of screws. However, the universal fasteners according to the publication are not intended as a base for separate mounting rails to which several panels can be attached, so they do not show a mounting rail part at all, to which long mounting rails could be attached.

Since neither of the above-mentioned US publications uses elongated mounting rails, each of which can be attached to several solar panels, the mountings according to them do not present the same mounting-related problems as in solutions where solar panels are attached to long mounting rails, to which the invention according to this application is directed. On the other hand, the problem with solutions according to US publications is now that if there are several solar panels to be attached, several universal brackets are also needed, in which case the installation is slow, more mounting holes have to be made in the roof, and the material costs increase.

S

S r In the third prior art publication No. US a 2016222670 Al, an arrangement for attaching solar panels to the roof of a building is described, which arrangement comprises

S mounting rails and roof brackets for solar panels

for fixing N rivet rails in place, and in which arrangement the roof bracket comprises a bottom part placed against the surface of the roof and a support part extending upwards from the surface of the roof, as well as a mounting base for attaching the mounting rail of the solar panels to the roof bracket, and each roof bracket is equipped with two or more fastening structures for attaching the roof bracket to various roof to constructions. The ceiling bracket is made of a metal plate of substantially equal thickness, so that the base part and the support part of the ceiling bracket are at a substantially right angle to each other when viewed from the end of the ceiling bracket and form a one-part, essentially L-profile-shaped structure, the bottom part of which is adapted to be placed essentially parallel to the upper surface of the roof, and that the support part comprises for the mounting rail of the solar panels in the placement space extending below the upper edge of the support part.

In the fourth prior art publication DE 202009003745 Ul, a multi-part arrangement for attaching a solar panel to the roof of a building is described.

In the fifth prior art publication US 2012047827 Al, an arrangement for fixing solar panels to the roof of a building is described, where the roof brackets of the arrangement are pressed to the vertical seam of the tin roof and the first fixing structures of the roof brackets comprise openings for the projections of the second fixing structures of the roof brackets, which press the vertical seam of the tin roof = into the openings of the first fastening structures.

O

I a In the sixth prior art publication JP & 30 S5810388 A, serial production of the metal parts of the electric plug is described

S tantona production from sheet metal by cutting, piercing

By bending and bending.

However, none of the publications mentioned above shows an arrangement for attaching solar panels to the roof of a building, where in the arrangement the support part comprises a placement space extending below the upper edge of the support part and open at the top for the mounting rail for the solar panels.

The arrangement according to the invention for attaching solar panels is characterized by what is presented in the distinguishing part of patent claim 1. Other application forms of the invention are characterized by what is presented in other patent claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The subject of the invention is an arrangement for attaching solar panels to, for example, the roof of a building, which arrangement comprises mounting rails for the solar panels and roof brackets for attaching the mounting rails in place, and in which arrangement the roof bracket comprises a bottom part placed against the surface of the roof and a support part extending upwards from the surface of the roof, as well as a mounting base for attaching the mounting rail of the solar panels to the roof bracket, and each roof bracket is equipped with two or more fastening structures, for attaching the roof bracket to different roof constructions. Advantageously, the roof bracket is made from a substantially uniform thickness of metal sheet by cutting, piercing and bending in such a way that the base and support part of the roof bracket are, viewed from the end of the roof bracket, essentially at right angles to each other and form a single

E part, substantially L-profile shaped structure, the & 30 bottom part of which is adapted to be placed essentially on the top of the roof

S parallel to the surface.

O

OF

In the arrangement according to the invention, the roof bracket is designed so that it is easy to attach and that the mounting surface in the mounting base is at such an angle that enables, for example, the use of a cordless drill to attach the mounting rail of the solar panels to the roof bracket.

One of the biggest advantages of the solution according to the invention is the installation speed and ease of installation due to a good working position and the possibility of using mechanical tools. In this case, attaching the mounting rail used for attaching the solar panels to the roof bracket can be easily done with, for example, a cordless drill, because the attachment surface between the roof bracket and the mounting rail is not parallel to the roof, but essentially perpendicular to the surface of the roof, in which case the T-screw, which is a mounting screw, can be attached essentially parallel to the top surface of the roof. In addition to this, the arrangement enables checking the correct position of the T-screw visually based on the position of the groove on the end of the T-screw. In addition, the advantage is the simple and one-piece construction of the ceiling bracket and easy and inexpensive manufacturing by simply cutting the right molded piece from the metal sheet, making the necessary holes and openings for it, and bending the sheet in cross-section into an L-profile shape and making the other necessary bends.

OF

3 o LIST OF PATTERNS = The invention is explained in more detail below in the introduction

E by means of symbols referring to the accompanying simplified & 30 and diagrammatic drawings in which g &

Figure 1 shows, viewed obliquely from above, one advantageous arrangement according to the invention on the roof of a building, Figure 2 shows, viewed obliquely from above and from the side, one of the roof brackets shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 shows a roof bracket according to Figure 2 when viewed from above, Figure 4 shows an end view according to Figure 2 roof bracket in a situation where the roof bracket is about to be attached to the seam of the tin roof, Figure 5 shows the roof bracket according to Figure 2, viewed from the end of the roof bracket, in a situation where the attachment of the roof bracket to the seam of the tin roof is in its 1st stage, Figure 6 shows an oblique view from above and from the side and partially cut from the side of one the clamp element used in the arrangement according to the invention to attach the roof bracket to the seam of the tin roof, and Figure 7 shows the roof according to Figure 2 when viewed from the side

Q anchor attached to the felt roof and solar

Mounting rail for N co-panels mounted on roof bracket 3. 3

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

& Figure 1 shows an oblique top view of one of the arrangements according to the invention on the roof of a building 1

N online. The arrangement includes roof brackets especially suitable for felt and tin roofs or similar roofs

2 and preferably the mounting rails 3 equipped with one or more T-grooves, on which the solar panels 4 are mounted.

Figure 2 shows one of the ceiling brackets 2 according to the invention shown in Figure 1, viewed obliquely from above and from the side. The multi-purpose ceiling bracket 2 according to the invention is made from a straight, planar and uniform thickness metal plate by cutting, piercing and bending and comprises a base part 5a formed by bending, a support part 5b and preferably two mounting bases 6a resembling mounting ears for the mounting rail 3 of the solar panels 4. The bottom part 5a and the support part 5b are at right angles to each other as seen from the end of the roof bracket 2 and form a one-piece, essentially L-profile-shaped structure, the bottom part 5a is adapted to be placed essentially parallel to the upper surface of the roof 1.

Both mounting platforms 6a are bent from the upper part of the support part 5b preferably at a right angle with respect to the support part 5b, so that between the mounting platforms 6a there is a placement space 6 equipped with a support surface 6c, into which the mounting rail 3 of the solar panels 4 can be fitted. Preferably, the surface of the mounting base 6a, to which the mounting rail 3 of the solar panels 4 is attached, is substantially perpendicular to the bottom part 5a and in the 25 direction. Both mounting bases have a mounting hole > 6b for mounting the mounting rail 3 of the solar panels 4 = to the roof bracket by means of a mounting element such as a T-screw. = The mounting base 6a is preferably also made of the same material

E as base part 5a and support part 5b. & 30 3

S In practice, it is sufficient that the 4 mounting rail of the solar panels

N 3 is attached to only one mounting base 6a, but the second mounting base 6a is, among other things, because the position and position of the mounting rail 3 can be easily adjusted. In addition, two mounting bases allow the bracket to be attached to the ceiling in either direction, if, for example, the shape of the roof or the roof beams make it necessary to do so. This way, the mounting holes can be placed in a different place.

The roof bracket 2 according to the invention comprises two different fastening structures 7 and 8 for attaching the roof bracket 2 to different roof constructions. This feature enables versatile use of the ceiling bracket 2.

The first fixing structure 7 of the ceiling bracket 2 comprises at least two fixing holes 7a in the base part 5a at a distance from each other, through which the ceiling bracket 2 is adapted to be fixed by means of suitable fixing elements, such as screws, through the surface structure of the roof 1 to the roof support structures. Preferably, there are more than two mounting holes 7a, so that the roof bracket 2 is easier to fit in place, for example, on roofs with different-sized rod divisions.

Figures 3-6 show the same roof bracket 2 according to the invention as in figure 2, but now the second fastening structure 8 of the roof bracket 2 is used, with the help of which the roof bracket 2 can be attached, for example, to the vertical seam 11 of the tin roof. In this case, the roof 1 to the surface, for example, to the sheet 12a forming the outer surface, there is no need to make = penetrations that could, for example, cause water leaks. a a & 30 The second fastening structure 8 of the ceiling bracket 2 comprises at least

There are two separate compression elements 8i and two supporting

In part 5b of N spaced apart arrangement of holes 8a, which are adapted to be equipped with a compression element

8i for attaching the roof bracket 2 to the vertical seam 11 of the tin roof.

The hole arrangement 8a of the second fastening structure 8 comprises one or more, preferably two, holes 8b in the upper part of the support part 5b for holding the upper end of the compression element 8i in place. In addition, each hole arrangement 8a comprises a threaded fastening hole 8c for tightening the compression element 8i against the ceiling bracket 2 and one or more, preferably two, openings 8d in the lower part of the support part 5b, one or more, preferably two, support parts 5b of the ceiling bracket 2 at the lower end of the compression element 8i towards the projection for 8f.

Advantageously, the position of the holes 8b and the openings 8d and the distance from each other is chosen such that when the clamp element 8i is fastened with a fastening element 8h, such as a screw in its fixing hole 8c, the hook-like support members 8e in the upper part of the compression element 8i can be placed in the holes 8b and the protrusions 8f in the lower part of the compression element 8i are at holes 8d.

In Figure 6, the clamp element 8i is shown partially cut from its side so that the fixing hole 8g in the back wall & 25 of the clamp element 8i is visible. Advantageously, the fastening hole 8g is elongated in the vertical direction so that the fastening member 8h of the press element 8i can be more easily placed in the threaded hole 8c. The pressing element 8i is, for example, bent from a single metal sheet

OF

3

OF

&

substantially U-shaped in cross-section or an equivalent rectangular shape.

The ceiling bracket 2 is adapted to be attached to the vertical seam 11 of the sheet metal roof with another fastening structure 8, such that the support part 5b of the roof bracket 2 is on one side of the vertical seam 11 and the lower end of the compression element 8i with its projections 8f directed towards the support part 5b is on the other side of the vertical seam 11.

In this case, the seam 11 of the tin roof remains between the support part 5b and the compression element 8i.

When fixing the compression element 8i in place, the hook-like support members 8e in the upper part of the compression element 8i are placed from the side of the vertical seam 11 through the holes 8b in the upper part of the support part 5b to the side of the support part 5b that does not lean against the vertical seam 11. After this, the compression member 8i is tightened in place by the fastening member 8h, such as turning with a screw - by tightening the fastening element 8h in the threaded hole 8c of the hole arrangement 8a so tight that the protrusions 8f in the lower part of the compression element 8i press tightly against the vertical seam 11 at the openings 8d and preferably cause a deformation of the vertical seam 11 by pressing the vertical seam 11 partially into the openings 8d. The clamping force and deformation is increased by the actuation of the compression element 8i as a lever arm, the support points of which are the support surfaces 8j that press against the support part 5b of the hook-like support members 8e in the upper part of the compression element 8i.

I a Figure 7 shows a side view of the & 30 roof bracket according to Figure 2 attached to a felt roof and a solar panel

S neelie 4 mounting rail 3 fixed in place on the roof

N in the placement space 6 of the bracket 2. The ceiling bracket 2 is designed to be attached to a felt roof or other flat roof surface with the help of the first fastening structure 7. In this way, the ceiling bracket 2 is fixed from its fixing hole 7a to the upper surface of the ceiling 1 by means of fixing elements 7b, such as screws.

In the situation according to figure /, the roof bracket 2 is attached with the help of fastening elements 7b through the felt layer 12b of the roof 1 to the roof substructure 10, such as the roof baseboards.

The mounting rail 3 of the solar panels 4 is an essentially rectangular rail profile in cross-section, with at least one elongated T-groove on at least one side surface for attaching the mounting rail 3 to the roof bracket 2, and on the upper surface of which there is at least one elongated T-groove for attaching the solar panels 4 to the mounting rail 3.

Fixation of the fixing rail 3 is preferably done with a fixing element 9 placed in the T-groove on the side surface of the fixing rail 3, such as a T-screw to the fixing base 6a in the support part 5b, the direction of the fixing surface of which is preferably such that the fixing element 9, the fixing rail 3 T -groove T-screw is essentially placed in the bottom part of the bottom part 5a of the roof bracket 2 and at the same time parallel to the roof surface. This enables the fastening element 9 to be easily tightened in place with, for example, a cordless drill. In addition, the correct position of the fastening element 9 in the T-slot is & 25 easy to detect visually, because the groove at the end of the T-screw, > indicating the position of the T-screw, is clearly visible.

O

2 r The one against the mounting base 6a and its mounting rail 3

At the same time, the direction of the mounting surface E is such that the mounting surface of the mounting base 3

The T-groove or equivalent on the upper surface of S rail 3 is open up-

towards N, and the upper surface of the fixing rail 3 is then essentially parallel to the surface of the roof 1, in which case the T-screws used to fasten the solar panels 4 are easy and fast to fasten in place.

It is clear to a person skilled in the art that the different application forms of the invention are not only limited to the example presented above, but may vary within the framework of the patent claims presented below.

O

Ql

O

OF

©

O o

Oh yeah

I

Ao a

OF

O

O

O o

OF

O

OF

Claims (13)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. An arrangement for attaching solar panels (4) to a building roof (1), which arrangement includes attachment rails (3) for the solar panels (4) and roof brackets (2) for attaching the attachment rails (3) in place, and in which arrangement the roof bracket (2) has a bottom part (ba) to be placed against the surface of the roof (1) and a support part (5b) that extends upwards from the surface of the roof and a mounting base (6a) for attaching the solar panels (4) mounting rail ( 3) at the roof bracket (2), and which roof bracket (2) is provided with two or more fastening structures (7, 8) for attaching the roof bracket (2) to different types of roof structures, characterized in that the roof bracket (2) is made of a - eventually uniform thickness metal sheet, so that the bottom part (5a) and support part (5b) of the roof bracket (2) as seen from the end of the roof bracket (2) point at an essentially right angle to each other and form a construction which is in one piece and which essentially has the shape of an L-profile and whose bottom part (5a) is arranged to be placed essentially parallel to the upper surface of the roof (1), and that in the support part (5b) there is an insertion space (6) intended for the solar panels (4) mounting rail (3) which extends below the upper edge of the support part (5b) and which is open at its upper edge. & 25 2. Arrangement according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the roof bracket (2)'s first fastening structure (7) includes at least two = fastening heels (7a) at a distance from each other in the bottom part (5a) = through which the roof fastening (2) is arranged to be attached at the roof a (1) support structures with the help of fasteners (7b), such as & 30 screws, through the surface structure of the roof (1). 3 N 3. Arrangement according to patent claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second fastening structure (8) of the roof bracket (2) comprises at least two separate clamping elements (8i) and two heel sets (8b, 8c, 8d) at a distance from each other in the support part (5b) which are arranged to be provided with the clamping element (8i), which functions as a lever, to fasten the roof bracket (2) to a standing seam (11) on a tile roof. 4. Arrangement according to patent claim 3, characterized in that the support points of the clamping element (8i) functioning as a lever consist of support surfaces (873) which are located on hook-shaped support means (8e) in the upper part of the clamping element (8i) and which are pressed against the support part (5b) . 5. Arrangement according to patent claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the heel set (8b, 8c, 8d) in the fastening structure (8) includes one or more heels (8b) in the upper part of the support part (5b) to keep the upper end of the clamping element (8i) on place and a fixing heel (8c) with threads to pull the clamping element (81) towards the ceiling bracket (2). 6. Arrangement according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that in the lower end of the clamping element (8i) there are one or more protrusions (8£) which are directed towards the support part (5b) of the roof bracket (2), and that the heel set (8b, 8c , 8d) in the second fastening structure (8) includes one or more openings (84) in the lower part of the support part (5b), and that each of the protrusions 3 (8f) is arranged to be placed at one of the openings ( 8d). 2 I 7. Arrangement according to one of the previous patent claims 3 E - 6, characterized in that the roof bracket (2) provided with the second fastening structure & 30 (8) is arranged to be attached to the standing fold (11) of the sheet metal roof, say, that the support part (5b) N of the roof bracket (2) lies on one side of the standing seam (11) and the lower end of the clamping element (8i) with its protrusions (8f) directed towards the support part (5b) lies on the other side of the standing seam (11). 8. Arrangement according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that the insertion space (6) has a supporting surface (6c) for the mounting rail (3) of the solar panels (4) substantially parallel to the bottom part (5a) of the roof bracket (2). 9. Arrangement according to patent claim 8, characterized in that the insertion space (6) has at least one mounting base (6a) perpendicular to the bottom part (5a) of the roof bracket (2) for attaching the solar panels' (4) mounting rail (3) to the roof bracket (2) ). 10. Arrangement according to patent claim 9, characterized in that the attachment base (6a) consists of the same material as the bottom part (5a) and the support part (5b) and is bent at the support part (5b) at an essentially right angle to the support part (5b). 11. Arrangement according to patent claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the insertion space (6) has an attachment base (6a) at both ends which is bent at an essentially right angle to the support part (5b) at the support part (5b). & 25 12. Arrangement according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that the fastening rail (3) of the solar panels (4) is designed = to be attached to the fastening base (6a) at its side surface, so that the fastening means intended for the fastening rail (3) ( 9), which for example a is a T-screw, is essentially parallel to the upper surface of the roof (1). S N 13. Arrangement according to any of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that the fastening rail (3) is designed to be attached to the fastening base (6a) at its side surface, so that the upper surface of the fastening rail (3) is substantially parallel to the upper surface of the roof (1). O N O N © O n O I a a N O O O O N O N