FI127294B - nose - Google Patents

Abstract

This publication describes a reactor using fluidized bed technology grate nozzle assembly (AI) consisting of a pressure drop adjuster a sleeve (3), a ceramic nozzle block (I) below, from the mounting surfaces (8), above the ceramic nozzle block (2), locking ring (10) and protective masonry (7). The nozzle assembly is mounted in the reactor with the bottom the ceramic nozzle block (1) is mounted on an insulating base (B1) over the air supply pipes (a). The sleeve (3) locks below the ceramic nozzle block (1) when welding air on mounting surfaces (8) to be installed in the feed pipe (a). On install the ceramic nozzle block (2) above, which is locked with a retaining ring (10) to be welded to the pin (5). To protect this and mounted to remove discontinuous surfaces the ceramic nozzle block is further protected by masonry (7). The nozzle assembly may have one or more gas discharge openings (12), which forms a straight or curved structure.

Description

Uppfinningen avser en munstycksuppsättning (AI) för en Rost i en reactor som använder technician. Uppsättningen bestär av en sulla (3) som reglerartryckförlust that nedre keramiskt munstycksblock (1), fästpinnar (8), Övre keramiskt munstycksblock (2), en läsring (10) och en skyddsmurning (7). Munstycksuppsättningen installeras i reactor head set att det nedre keramiska munstycksblocket (1) monteras on isolerande botten (Bl) mot luftmatande rör (a). Hylsan (3) laser fast det nedre ceramic munstycksblocket (1) dé den svetsas vid fastpinnarna (8), som monteras i det luftmatande röret (a). There is a monteras det Övre ceramic munstycksblocket (2), som läses fast med läsringen (10), som svetsas vid en tapp (5). För att skydda denna och eliminera discontinuerl ytor monteras anän skyddsmurningen (7) end Övre ceramic munstycksblocket. Munstycksuppsättningen kan omfatta en eller flera gasutloppsöppningar (12), som bildar en rak eller krökt construction.

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nozzle configuration

Background of the Invention

The invention relates to a nozzle assembly according to the preamble of independent claim 1.

The nozzle assembly according to the invention is particularly used in the grate of reactors employing fluid technology. Such reactors include, for example, circulating and bubbling fluidized bed boilers or gasification plants. Through the nozzle assembly, gas is introduced into the reactor to cause the granular material to be combusted in the reactor to float. In addition, the gas flowing through the nozzle may contain the oxygen required for combustion. By positioning and directing the nozzles, the non-combustible and coarse parts in the reactor can be moved towards the reactor outlet openings.

The grate nozzles used in the present solutions are generally formed of metal castings. Existing shallow nozzles15, which provide effective coarse material removal, but in many cases, chemical corrosion due to combustion of recycled fuels, together with erosion caused by fluidization, rapidly destroy the nozzles.

To prevent corrosion and erosion, it is known to mount metal plates on various plates to protect the nozzle. One such arrangement can be seen in U.S. Patent No. 5,865,617. However, such additional structures increase the total cost of installation. In addition, replacing the nozzles in this solution is a retarder and thus cost-intensive.

In some solutions, a brick made of ceramic ma25 material is placed obliquely in front of the nozzles to protect the next nozzle in the line. In these solutions, an unfavorable vortex is created underneath the nozzle discharge opening, which for example draws nails and other impurities present with the fuel in front of the nozzle. These nozzles block the nozzle, thereby impairing the reactor function.

There are often other discontinuities in the solutions in use, where non-combustible and coarse materials are easily trapped. Because this material is not directed towards the coarse discharge openings in the intended manner, the grate will eventually be prevented from functioning normally.

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Brief Description of the Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a reactor grate employing a fluid technology which is better able to withstand the stresses of fluid reactor applications and to provide continuous image surfaces to prevent coarse material sticking.

In particular, it is a nozzle assembly according to the characterizing part of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are claimed in the dependent claims.

Such a nozzle assembly according to the invention is preferably composed of prefabricated interconnected parts, some of which adhere to the grate structures. An essential part of the invention is a hard, durable, two-piece ceramic element that is resistant to chemical corrosion and erosion, and has a pressure-defining sleeve constructed of heat-resistant steel.

The block structure of the nozzle assembly according to the invention also enables rapid and cost-effective maintenance of the grate, since it is usually only necessary to replace the top element, for example, in connection with the annual maintenance of the reactor. The two-piece nozzle assembly, made of a rigid and strong ceramic material, consists of, among other things, a pressure-adjusting sleeve, a ceramic nozzle block below, mounting surfaces, an upper ceramic nozzle block, a retaining ring and protective masonry. The nozzle block materials are subjected to extreme conditions, such as silicon carbide based materials, used in the steel industry, which provide longevity over known grate nozzle solutions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be examined in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a front view of the nozzle assembly.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle assembly at position X-X in Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through a preferred embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the preferred embodiment of section Y-Y of Fig. 3.

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In the present figures, the nozzle assembly is not illustrated in scale, but is schematic, illustrating the basic structure and operation of preferred embodiments.

Thus, the nozzle assembly A1 shown in the figures consists of a pressure drop adjusting sleeve 3. This, in turn, consists of a hat 4, a top fastening pin 5 and a locking ring 9, as shown in Figure 2. 10 and protective masonry 7.

The ceramic nozzle blocks 1 and 2 are preferably made of a material as strong as possible, for example a silicon carbide based ceramic, which has the required properties against corrosion and erosion. The pressure drop adjustment sleeve 3, the mounting surfaces 8 and the mounting ring 10 are preferably made of high temperature resistant steel.

The nozzle assembly is mounted in the reactor such that a ceramic nozzle block 1 below is mounted on the insulating base B1 in the reactor, as shown in Figure 3, fitting into the reactor at the gas supply tubes a. Preferably, the prefabricated pressure drop adjusting sleeve 3 locks the nozzle block 1 in place on the sleeve locking ring 9, for example, by welding the sleeve cap 4 to the fastening surfaces 8 to be fastened to the gas supply tube a. Preferably, the inside diameter of the pressure drop adjusting sleeve 3 corresponds to the inside diameter of the gas supply pipe a. In order to receive the sleeve, the gas supply tube is provided with an adapter sleeve b.

The lower ceramic nozzle block 1 on top of the base B1 is fitted with an upper ceramic nozzle block 2 which is locked to a pin 5 underneath the sleeve 5 by means of a welding ring 10. Compare Figure 2. To remove, install a protective masonry 7 in the receiving recess.

The nozzle assembly A1 may have one or more gas discharge openings 12, which comprise a straight or curved channel structure. The superimposed ceramic nozzle blocks 1 and 2 have at least one opposed grooves which, when superposed on the nozzle blocks, form at least one gas discharge opening 12 with associated pressure regulating sleeves 3 for the gas entering the fluidized bed.

To facilitate the positioning of the ceramic nozzle blocks 1 and 2, they can be provided with special points at the discharge openings 12.

Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the manner in which the nozzle assemblies A1 can be used to build a stair grate in the direction of the coarse discharge openings as a continuous surface.

The nozzle assemblies A1 can then be constructed as a curved or straight stair tread as shown in Figures 3 and 4.

Although this description is limited to one embodiment, it is not intended to limit the use of the invention by way of example only, but many variations are possible within the scope of the inventive idea as defined in the claims.

Claims (8)

The claims 20150143 prh 04-05-2016 A nozzle assembly (A1) for introducing a gas into a fluidized bed reactor, the nozzle assembly comprising: A gas discharge pipe (a), a pressure regulating sleeve (3), and a discharge port (12) for directing gas to the reactor into a fluidized bed, characterized in that the gas discharge port (12) is formed by pairs of overlying insulating bottom (B1) the lower ceramic nozzle block (1) and the upper ceramic nozzle block (2), wherein the pressure loss adjusting sleeve (3) comprises a hat (4), a locking ring (9) and a top part retaining pin (5) which is fitted with gas 15 (a) with an adapter sleeve (b) mounted thereon, the attachment surface (8) being adapted to pierce the gas supply pipe and the pressure drop adjusting sleeve such that the lower ceramic nozzle block (1) and the upper ceramic nozzle block (2) fastened to the base (B1) with the mounting surface (8) with a ring (10). Nozzle assembly (A1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that a fixing brick (7) is provided on the attachment ring (10) mounted on the upper ceramic nozzle block (2). Nozzle assembly (A1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ceramic nozzle blocks (1, 2) forming the gas discharge opening (12) in the fluidized bed are made of silicon carbide-based ceramic material. A nozzle assembly (A1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The pressure drop adjusting sleeve (3) is attached to the mounting surfaces (8) passing through the gas supply pipe (a). Nozzle assembly (A1) according to Claim 5, characterized in that the attachment surfaces (8) are fixed to the pressure drop adjusting sleeve (3) by welding. Nozzle assembly (A1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ceramic nozzle blocks (1, 2) comprise tongues in the discharge openings. At 10. Nozzle assembly (A1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper ceramic nozzle block (2) is locked in place by welding on the upper part 15 by means of a fixing pin (5) and a securing ring (10). A nozzle assembly (A1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle assembly (A1) comprises one or more gas outlet ports (12) and a pressure loss adjusting sleeve (3).