FI124491B - Transport means comprising a load handling device - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a conveying means comprising a load handling device. The invention relates, for example, to a conveyor for a demountable pallet.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Freight is often used to transport goods, such as cars, vans, or trucks. In addition, or alternatively, a trailer or trailer of such a car may be used for transportation. Trailer means a towed wagon comprising a pallet for carrying a load. Trailer means a towing vehicle which does not comprise 15 fixed pallets. Trailers with a tipper for tilting the pallet are known. The kip allows the trailer part, for example a pallet, to be arranged at an angle to the ground, thus facilitating the loading of the wheeled device. In addition, the spark makes loading easier. Thanks to the kip, the trailer platform or the like exerts a gravity support force 20 on the load, which is directed perpendicular to the platform, i.e., partially backwards. In this case, the tipping trailer is arranged to move the load backwards. The load can be loaded onto a conveyor, for example on a swap body. Some of the trucks are equipped with demountable loading equipment and some are equipped with hydraulic lifts. The hydraulic lift can be used to lift and move the load in relation to the transport vehicle.

δ ™ Specially designed uncoated or covered trailers can be used

CD

9 moving and storing equipment. For example, boats, jet skis, snowmobiles, motorcycles, ATVs and / or booths can thus be moved and / or stored in g 30. The trailer can be tipped and equipped with a winch to pull even heavy goods onto the pallet. Getting a pallet truck out of the pallet can be more difficult than loading it because the winch cannot

LO

used for load unloading, δ

C \ J

35 Typically, the trailer platform is positioned between the wheels and vertically above the wheel axle. In this case, the trailer blade is quite high 2, which can make it difficult to load. The size of the trailer blade cannot be greatly modified. The load may be larger than the pallet. For example, the front and / or rear of the trailer can be opened to carry a long load. The trailer's drawbar weight should be as specified. However, in prior art solutions 5, the drawbar weight generally varies according to how the load is positioned on the platform.

Solutions are known in which a separate pallet is pulled on a conveyor for carrying a load. The load may be arranged on a pallet. In known solutions, loading of pallets requires positioning of the transport means parallel to the removable pallet, i.e., the longitudinal direction of the pallet being parallel to the longitudinal direction of the transport means. The demounting of the swap body also takes place in the direction of the conveyor. In many known solutions, the pallet is removed from the transport means by means of a skip as described above. In this case, the pallet is moved backward by means of a skip only so much that the edge of the pallet strikes the ground. After this, the conveyor has to be moved under the removable platform to completely remove the platform from the conveyor.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 20

One object of the invention is to reduce the problems associated with the movement and unloading of goods. It is an object of the invention to facilitate loading of a demountable platform with a solution that permits the vehicle and trailer to vary in location and orientation relative to the demountable demountable platform. 25 In one embodiment can the demountable be dismantled without moving the vehicle? in the selected direction, eg rearward of the vehicle, o

CVJ

CD

o This purpose can be achieved by using different loading and unloading equipment for different purposes, or a loading and unloading device which or £ 30 is adapted to work with swap bodies to load the load

CL

and disassembly. The unloading device can be attached to a means of transport, which may be S a lorry or a trailer. The trailer can be a standard or integral part of the demountable ni ™ device.

More precisely, the transport means according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the character part of claim 1. Further, the technical features of the means of transport are shown in Examples A1-A16 and B20-B24 and in dependent claims 2-12.

5 The means of transport may be used, for example, to transport a swap body. In addition, the technical features of the replacement platform are illustrated in Examples B1-B19.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which

Figure 1 illustrates a replacement pallet 200 and its conveyor 500 when the conveyor 200 is not on its conveyor 500, 15

Fig. 2 shows a bundle 200 and its conveyor 500 when a conveyor 200 is loaded on or unloaded on its conveyor 500, 20 Fig. 3 shows a bundle 200 and its conveyor 500 during transport,

Fig. 4 shows a bundle conveyor 500, 25 Fig. 5 a bundle 200 and its conveyor 500 when? the demountable platform 200 is not on its carrier 500, and when loading or unloading the removable platform ™ in or out of the overhead line, N- £ 30 Figure 6 illustrates a demountable platform 200 and its carrier 500

CL

in the extreme position where the conveyor boom 110 is arranged on an vertical axis at an angle relative to the conveyor.

LO

™ device to tool bar 190, o C \ 1 35 Figure 7 shows the cross joint 180 seen from the side, 4

Figure 8 is a top view of the cross joint 180,

Figure 9 shows a boom 110 of a conveyor and a carriage 150, 5 attached thereto

Fig. 10 is an oblique top view of an exchange platform 200,

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the changing platform 200 of Fig. 10 obliquely from below 10,

Fig. 12 is a side view of the changing platform of Fig. 10,

Figure 13 is a top view of the changing platform 200 of Figure 10, 15

Figure 14 is a front view of the changeover platform 200 of Figure 10,

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of a conveyor at pallet guides 172, 173, 174 and a shifting platform 200 of Fig. 10 at a similar position with a shifting pallet being transported by its means when the location of pallet guides 172, 173, 174 is shown in Fig. as seen, 25 ^ Fig. 17 shows a balloon friction of the replacement blade seen from the side of the replacement blade ™ in the sectional plane BB of Fig. 16 with respect to the ball hole release hole

CD

o dalta, g 30 Fig. 18 is a side view of the winch 120 seen from the sectional view of Fig. 19.

CL

in plane A-A,

C/O

mm ™ Figure 19 shows a top view of winch 120 and electrical system of winch 120, Figure 20 shows front view of pallet 200 on shelf brackets 302, Figure 5 shows side view of shelf bracket 200 on shelf bracket 302, Figure 22 shows part of a shelf ladder 301 and Fig. 25a-25e illustrate certain embodiments of the invention in various driving vehicles or transport vehicles.

Figures 1 to 25 use numbers or symbols corresponding to the corresponding parts.

20

Detailed Description of the Invention

One object of the invention is to reduce the cost and availability problems of stand-alone solutions for storage, transfer, loading, transportation and unloading of goods. One object of the invention is to reduce unnecessary damage to the material. The purposes are achieved by a universal and modular removable storage solution. The solution of the demountable platform 9 comprises at least one of - demountable platform 200, 30 - loading and unloading device of the demountable platform 100,

CL

- a pallet truck 500, and "- a storage shelf 300 where the pallet 200 can be used,

LO

£! as a storage shelf.

S Goods or goods may be stored on a pallet 200. Alternatively, 35 or more goods or goods may be carried on a pallet 200. The pallet or pallet itself and the goods or goods 6 may be carried on a pallet truck 500. Pallet only, pallets or pallets only goods or merchandise or interchangeable pallets and merchandise or merchandise on them may be stored on storage shelf brackets. Goods 5 or goods transported on a pallet 200 may be called a load.

Preferably, the solution system comprises a plurality of demountable pallets 200 and demountable transport means 500.

Fig. 1 shows a demountable conveyor 500 and a demountable 200. The demount conveyor 500 comprises a frame 510 and a boom 110 attached to the body. The length of the boom 110 may depend to some extent on the application and the length of the demountables used. For example, the length of the boom 110 may be at least 1.5 m and preferably at least 2.5 m. The length of the boom 110 may be up to 6 m, for example. The conveyor 500 further comprises a loading coil 130 and a loading cable 132. by winding the loading cable onto the loading reel 130, the replacement pallet can be pulled onto its transport means 500. The transport means 500 further comprises a roll 166. The roll comprises a groove 168 for guiding the loading wire 132. The width of the groove 20 may be, for example, about 10 mm. The roll 166 may be connected to the boom 110. The roll 166 may be connected, for example, by means of bearings, wherein the roll 166 is rotatable. The roll 166 is slightly narrower than the width of the replacement pallet 200 used. However, the roll 166 should be wide enough to allow the swap body 200 to be pulled or unloaded against the conveyor, without tilting the swivel platform in its transverse direction. For example, the roll width may be greater than 800 mm. For example, the roll width may be about 1000 mm.

™ Roller 166 may be integral or consist of narrower sections.

CD

o i

Figure 1 illustrates a swap body 200. The swap body 200 has, on its first side g 30, a first side beam 212. The first side beam 212 defines

CL

this level. The upper surface of the sidebar 212 is included in said plane. The replacement pallet comprises, on its opposite side, a second sidewall 213 which is m ™ arranged in said plane. In particular, the top surface of the second side bar is arranged flush with the top surface of the first side bar. In this case, the side beams 212 and 213 define the longitudinal direction of the swap platform 200, which is also in said plane. In Figure 1, the side beams are parallel, with the longitudinal direction of the interchanging platform 7 being substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the side beams 212 and 213. The sidebars may not be parallel. In this case, the longitudinal direction of the changing platform 200 is between the angle formed by the side beams 212 and 213. One purpose of the side beams is to guide the changeover platform 5200 to its transport means 500. Therefore, the first side beam 212 forms an angle with the longitudinal direction less than 30 degrees and the second side beam 213 forms an angle with the longitudinal direction less than 30 degrees. The changing platform 200 further comprises at least one support member 230 for supporting the first side member 212 and the second side member 213. Preferably, the side-beams 212, 213 comprise parallel portions. By means of such parallel portions, the changing platform 200 is controllable and lockable by its transport means 500. For example, Figure 24 shows a changing platform comprising e.g. parallel side beams 212, 213 and tapered tip portion 240. It would be conceivable that the image change platform would comprise side beams that are not straight but include parallel portions (in the case of Fig. 24, said parallel bars would be side beams 212, 213).

The parallel portions of the side beams 212, 213 define a longitudinal direction for the platform 200 parallel to the one-to-20 portions of the side beams 212, 213. The parallel sections of the side beams are longitudinally aligned, or at least partially aligned, so that the swap body can be guided and secured to its conveyor 500 using these parallel parallel sections. The parallel sections are at least partially aligned longitudinally if there is a line perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 25 which intersects the first side beam 212. straight and each straight intersects the second sidebar 213 perpendicularly.

CVJ

CD

The frame of the pallet 200 may be, for example, a profile made of profiles. The distance between one-way side beams can be, for example, 600 mm to g 30 2400 mm, preferably 1000 mm to 1500 mm, and most preferably 1200 mm to 1220 mm. In this case, the width of the swap blade is greater than the total width of the side beams more than said distance. Sidebar total

LO

the width may be, for example, from about 50 mm to about 200 mm. If the sidebars are not parallel, the maximum distance of the sidebars from one another can obtain, for example, the values mentioned above. Thus, the width of the changing platform may be, for example, between 650 mm and 2600 mm. Side beams 212, 213, and possibly 8 tip portions 240 (Fig. 24) determine the length of the swap body. The length of the swap body may be, for example, 2 m to 11 m, and preferably 2 m to 5 m. In one embodiment, the swap body 200 is 3200 mm long, which makes it well suited for private use, e.g. In another embodiment, the removable platform 200 is about 2400 mm in length, which makes the removable platform 200 suitable for use as a removable platform for standard length trucks. In this example, the swap body can be loaded transversely to the truck, leaving no wasted space on the truck platform. The length of the swap body is determined by the lengths of the side beams, and the length of the side beams used can be determined, for example, at intervals of 800 mm. In this case the length of the changing platform may also be 4000 mm or 1600 mm, for example. The length of the conveyor used will affect the length of the boom 110 of the conveyor 500. As discussed below, the length of the demountable can be influenced, for example, by the shape of the demountable; for example, whether the changing platform comprises a tip portion 240 or not. The tip portion 240 may be a removable module of the frame 200 of the exchange platform. The tip portion 240 may be a module that can be connected to a demountable platform 200 or a demountable body. The frame of the changing platform comprises at least said side beams 212, 213 and a support member 230 for supporting the side beams. The body of the swap body 20 is essentially that part of the swap body 200 which does not comprise the tip section 240. Attachments such as a separate winch for pulling the load onto the swap platform 200 can be attached to the head section 240. For example, a separate winch The winch 120 of the loading and unloading device 100 can be used to pull the exchange platform and the load onto the conveyor 500. The accessories of the tip member 25 may also comprise, or alternatively, guide, such as guide rollers, load,? such as a boat, to guide the platform.

O

C \ J

CD

o The length of the swap body may be adapted, for example, by means of at least one extension piece. With the extension piece, the side beams 212 and 213 of the 200 £ 30 swap body are extendable and thus the length of the side beams can be adjusted-

CL

vissa according to the application. With the extension piece, the $ 218 guides of the exchange platform 200 can be extended. The extension may comprise supports such that:

LO

™ one extension can extend at least two of the following first side bar, second side bar, first guide and second guide. In its simplest form, one extension can extend exactly one of the following: a first side bar, a second side bar, a first guide 9, and a second guide. Thus, depending on the embodiment of the demountable, two or four extension pieces may be needed. For example, the extension piece may have a length of 800 mm. Advantageously, the extension piece or extensions may be positioned in front of a platform such as a skid 214. There is also a list of possible positions for extensions between the skids 214 and the wheel, roller or roller 216. Preferably, the extension piece is not positioned behind the wheel, roller, or roller 216, since in such a case of loading or unloading, with the front of the swap platform rising from the ground, the wheel, roller, or roller 216 may not be in contact with the ground.

10

The first side beam 212 of the swap body shown in Figure 1 is at least partially open and closed at the top or bottom, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the swap body, opposite to the second side beam 213. The second side beam 213 is at least partially open and closed at the top or bottom, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 15, in a direction opposite to the first side beam 212. When the side beams are at least partially open laterally, as shown above, a guide 174 adapted to guide the demountable pallet on its conveyor 500 when the demountable dispenser is pulled on or off the conveyor 500 can be fitted to the open channel. In addition, the guide 174 may support the interchangeable pallet during transport. This has been illustrated e.g. In addition, when the side beams are closed above or below, the load securing means can be attached to the side beams 212 and 213. This is illustrated e.g. 23. In addition or alternatively, the side guide 25 173 may be arranged to direct the changeover platform 200 to the transport means 500.

δ ™ The first side beam 212 of the platform 200 shown in Fig. 1 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the platform 200 one ee o. Further, the second side beam 213 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the changing platform 200.

Ϊ 30

CL

In the longitudinal direction of the platform shown in Fig. 1, attachment means are provided for securing the loading cable 132 to the platform m ™ 200. The platform shown in Fig. 1 further comprises a wheel, roller or roller 216 which is longitudinally centered on the first end 200 down to 10. In this case, the changing platform 200 may be moved on said wheel, roller or roller 216.

Furthermore, the demountable platform 200 shown in Figure 1 comprises a first platform, Jasper 214 arranged transversely to the first outer edge below the trolley 200, and a second platform, Jasper 214 arranged below the second outer edge 200, disposed 214 longitudinally centered on the first platform. on the side of the head. The length of the platform is adapted such that when the platform 200 is on a horizontal surface, the top surface of the platform 200 is substantially horizontal. The wheels can be used instead of or in addition to the wheels. The length (i.e. height) of the elevations may be, for example, 50 mm to 200 mm; preferably 80 mm to 150 mm and most preferably 100 mm. Here, the length or height of the platform means the flat bottom edge of the platform from the ship-15 when the platform is on a flat platform. If there are a plurality of said distances (the platform is inclined), it is the distance of the lower edge of the platform from the base between the lower edge of the changing platform and the platform at the edge of the platform platform. The length of the platform, for example, is at least 50 mm so that a fastening device, such as a ball 133, is easily attached and removable to the demountable platform. The length of the platform, for example, is at least 80 mm so that the fork of the truck can be fitted under the swap body. Such a swap body is accessible by means of a forklift. The length of the shoes may be affected by the diameter of the wheel, roller or roller 216.

The swap body is arranged to be pulled on its conveyor 500 by rolls 166? dependent. The replacement platform may further comprise at least one guide 218 (see Fig. 11). The replacement platform of Figure 11 comprises two conductors 218. The conductors may be

CD

9 substantially longitudinally of the swap body. The guides form an angle of less than 30 degrees with the longitudinal direction of the swap blade. Guides 218 30 are arranged below the swap 200 between the first side beam 212 and the second side beam 213. Hereby, the pallet 200 may be moved to its transport means $ 500 or out of its transport means 500 on the said guides 218. Water- £! as the pallet is loaded onto its transport means, the guides 218 rest on the rear roller 166 of the transport means 500. In addition, the guides may rest on the lower guide 172 35. The conductor 218 may also be planar, forming a flat underside of the exchange platform. Here, too, the interchangeable platform 200 may be moved to its transport means 11,500 or out of its transport means 500 on the guide 218. The conductor may comprise, for example, a base plate and support structures for supporting the base plate. The conductor may further comprise a surface plate, whereby the conductor forms a flat base for the exchange platform. At least a portion of the guide 218 may remain between the elevations, such as the slides 214 5.

Alternatively, the side beams 212 and 213 of the demountable platform 200 may be closed at the bottom, whereby the demountable platform 200 may be moved to or from its transport means 500 on said first and second side beams 10 212, 213.

Also, in addition to the guides 218, the side beams 212 and 213 of the platform 200 may be bottom closed, whereby the platform 200 may be moved to or from its carrier 500 by said first and second side beams 212, 213 or by said substantially longitudinal guides 218. side bar 212, 213 and said substantially longitudinal guides 218.

If the swap body comprises the rails 218 and the skids 214, the distance 20 between the rails 214 is preferably arranged such that said third and fourth longitudinal rails 218 remain between the skids 214. In this case, the transfer platform 200 may be moved to or from its conveyor means 500 by said guides 218, without being hindered by the skids 214.

If the swap body comprises bottom closed side beams 212 and 213 and the skids 214, especially if the swap body does not further comprise guide rails 218, the distance o between the skids 214 is adjusted so that at least a portion of the first and second side beams 212, 213 remain. In this case, the pallet 200 may be moved = 30 to its transport vehicle 500 or 500 from its transport means 500.

CL

and second side beam 212, 213 without the skids 214 harming me · S3 can move.

The caster wheel, roller or roller 216 preferably has a diameter of not more than 35 to 180 mm; more preferably not more than 150 mm and most preferably not more than 100 mm. In this case, the pallet 200 is low and takes up only a little 12 storage spaces when stacked. A low platform is easier to load than a high platform. In particular, a low swap body is easier to load than a high-floor conveyor.

Preferably, the wheel, roller or roller 216 of the pallet 200 is arranged on the pallet 200 such that the wheel, roller or roller 216 as a whole is lower than the level defined by the top of the pallet. The top of the demountable blade indicates the direction in which the demountable blade is in use. For example, the top may refer to the top of the support member 230 (Figure 12). The support member 230 may be disposed between the side beams 212, 213 10, wherein the upper portion may represent the upper portion of the side beams 212, 213. The support member 230 may be disposed between the rails 218, wherein the upper portion may mean the upper portion of the rails. 12 and 13, said top determines said plane. When the wheel, roller, or roller 216 as a whole is lower than said level, the platform may be covered by a pallet base passing over the wheel, roller, or roller 216. This pallet base can be built on said level; for example, on support members 230 (Figures 12 and 13). The pallet base may also be built, or alternatively, on the rails 218 or on the side beams 212, 213.

In addition, Figure 1 shows a conveyor conveyor 500. Conveyor 500 is arranged to be movable in a first direction forward.

The first direction mentioned in Figure 1 is parallel to the lever 190 and to the left of the two possible directions. The conveyor 500 further comprises a body 510 and a loading device 25 100 for pulling the changing platform 200 on the conveyor 500 in a second direction forming an acute angle with the first direction. With reference to Figure 1, said second direction may be substantially the same as the first direction. Referring to Figure 2, said second direction may deviate from the first direction. Further, the conveying means 500 is arranged to apply a gravity support force to an exchange platform of = 30 countries. Referring to Figures 1 and 2,

CL

pallet 200 is supported, for example, by boom 110 and roll 166.

C/O

LO

LO

In one embodiment of the invention, the conveying means 500 further comprises an S unloading device arranged to apply gravity in addition to the support force 35 and simultaneously to the interchange platform 200 having a force direction forming a blunt angle or a right angle with said first direction. The obtuse angle is known to be over 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees. It is known that the right angle is 180 degrees. Here, the conveyor means 500 is arranged to disassemble the interchangeable platform 200 from the conveyor backward along the conveyor means, in addition to gravity, by means of a unloading device. As described above, the term "5" "backwards" also covers situations where the swap body is moved "forward" with respect to the conveyor 500 at an angle greater than 90 degrees. Further, the demountable pallet 200 may be disassembled from the transport means along the transport means, i.e. without lifting the demountable pallet from the transport means. Hereby the demountable platform 200 can be disassembled from the conveyor 500 using a lower force 10 than that required by the hoists. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the conveying means 500 may be arranged to exert a force on the changing platform 2 so that the changing platform is pushed out of the conveying means along the boom 110 and on the roll 166.

15 The unloader may also be from a loading device. The unloader may be, for example, a combined loading and unloading device 100 (Figure 2). The loading and unloading device 100 comprises e.g. a winding wire 132, a unloading wire 137, a winch 120, and a guide wire for the boom 110 and roll 166. The loading and unloading device 100 may further comprise a loading coil 130 for winding the loading wire and a unrolling coil 136 for winding the unloading wire 136. The loading and unloading device 100 may further comprise a carriage 150 for controlling the changing platform 200, locking the position of the changing platform 200 and pushing the changing platform 200 from the roll 166. Other features of the loading and unloading device 100 will be described later.

25? Figure 2 shows the loading or unloading of the demountable platform in one step. At this point, the boom 110 and the substantially parallel (Ό o-directional) platform 200 form an angle with the horizontal. In this case, the conveyor 500 exerts on the platform 200 a gravity support force 30 having a component in the sense "rearward"

CL

defined. In addition, the conveying means 500 is arranged to dismantle the interchangeable pallet 200 from the conveying means back along the conveying means to the unloading device.

LO

™, δ C \ 1 35 Such unloading carrier 500 may not comprise demountable pallet controllers 172, 173, 174. Unloading carrier 14 14 may be arranged to operate with demountable pallet 200, whereby it may comprise a demountable pallet driver. For example, a stop 174 and / or a lower guide 172. Preferably, the conveying means 500 comprises at least a stop 174. When the sidewall 212, 213 of the swap body is closed, mere side guides 5, such as the stop 174, may control the swap. In this case, the closed top of the sidewall sidewall 212, 213 may rest on the sidewall to support the sidewall vertically. The interchangeable blade stop 174 supports the interchangeable blade horizontally. In addition, the side guide 173 may support the reversing platform horizontally. When the sidewall 212, 213 of the demountable platform is closed down, the lower guides 172 may support the demountable platform 200 from below the side beams 212, 213. The demountable platform 200 may also comprise separate guides 218, 219, wherein the lower guides 172 the lower guides shown comprise a wheel, a roller or a roller. The axis of rotation of the wheel of the lower guide 172 is horizontal when the conveying means 500 is on a horizontal-15 surface. Such orientation of the lower guide 172 effectively targets the support of the lower guide 172 to the replacement platform 200 upwards. The demounting platform stop 174 and / or the side guide 173 support the changing platform horizontally e.g. because the width of the roll 166 is adapted to the distance between the skids 214, or the distance between the skids 214 is matched to the width of the roll 166. In this case, in order for the roller 166 to pass unhindered between the skids, the replacement pallet must preferably be guided horizontally.

The transport means 500 shown in Figures 1-6 comprises one common loading and unloading device 100. In this case, the total number of loading and unloading devices 25 is one. One common loading and unloading device might be inves-? cheaper than separate loading and unloading equipment.

™ The common unloading device 100 is arranged to drive the demountable platform 200

CD

o for the carrier 500 and to dismantle the demountable platform 200 from the carrier 500.

g 30 The longitudinal direction of the transport means 500 shown in Figs.

CL

in the first direction, that is, the longitudinal direction is "forward". The conveyor 500 comprises a boom 110 which is directed or is directed-

LO

in a direction which lies within a vertical plane of longitude ° of the means of transport. In Figures 1-4, boom 110 is directed 35 in such a direction. The conveyor 500 shown in Fig. 2 comprises a cross-joint 180. The cross-joint is illustrated in more detail in Figures 7 and 8. The cross-member comprises a tilt bearing 181 (Fig. 7) by which the boom 110 is pivotally connected to the body 510 (such as the head being arranged to move vertically with respect to the body 510 with the conveyor on a horizontal surface. For example, in Figures 1 to 4, the end of the loading coil 130 of the boom 110 5 is arranged to be movable in this manner. The length of the link 190 may be, for example, 2 m to 5 m, preferably about 3 m. The first end 190 comprises means for securing the transport means 500 to the vehicle. Alternatively, the vehicle 500 may be part of the vehicle.

10

It is possible that the conveying means 500 comprises a tilting platform and the boom 110 is mounted on the conveying means platform (see Figures 25b and 25c). It is also possible that the conveying means 500 comprises a non-tipper pallet (see Figures 25d and 25e). Here again, the conveying means 500 may comprise a tilt-15 bearing on which the boom 110 is arranged to be fixed to the conveyor body 510 and pivotable as described above. Depending on the embodiment, both the boom and the pallet (Figs. 25b and 25c) on which the boom 110 is mounted or only the boom 110 which is pivotally mounted on a fixed platform (Figs. 25d and 20 25e) may be arranged to be pivotable.

The conveying means 500 further comprises means for securing the changing platform 200 to the conveying means. Figure 4 shows an example of these devices. Figure 4 shows a ball 133 attached to a loading cable 132. The ball 133 can be secured to a changing platform 200. The ball is a common attachment means for attaching trailers. In this case, the demountable platform 200, which is secured-

O

The ball 133 can also be attached to another ball

CD

o the means of transport. The diameter of the ball is preferably 50 mm. The conveying means may also comprise, or alternatively, another securing means.

Ϊ 30

CL

The conveyor 500 comprises at least one winch 120 for changing the attachment means 200 of the winch 120 forward and backward in the direction of the boom 110. The conveyor 500 further comprises at least one wire 132,137 for transmitting force from the winch 120 to the securing means 133. The conveyor 500 further comprises at least one roll 166 for controlling the changing platform 200 and / or the cable 132, 137. In this case, the conveyor 500 is arranged to pull the replacement pallet 200 onto the conveyor 500 and to unload the replacement pallet 200 from the conveyor 500 by means of the pivoting boom 110 with the winch 120.

The conveying means shown in Figures 1 to 4 further comprises a carriage 150 which is movably secured to the boom 110. The operation of the carriage 150 will be further illustrated later. The carriage 150 is arranged e.g. to guide the wires 132, 137. In addition, the carriage 150 is arranged, as will be described later, to move during loading and unloading of the load.

10

Referring to Figs. 5-8, the conveying means 500 may comprise a cross link 180. The cross link further comprises a vertical bearing 182. By means of the vertical bearing 182, the boom 110 is pivotable relative to the body 510 such that the first end of the boom 110 is movable horizontally . Said first end of the boom 110 comprises a winch 120 and / or a loading coil 130 (see Figures 1-6). The cross-member 180 may be located in front of the wheel shaft 101 (Figures 3 and 7), for example, immediately in front of the wheel shaft 101.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the vertical bearing 182 (e.g., the cross-joint vertical bearing 182) allows the boom to pivot horizontally with respect to the lever 190 (or body 510). The tiller 190 is arranged to be mounted on a towing vehicle. This solution provides several advantages. First, the pallet 200 is retractable on its carrier 500, even if the longitudinal directions of the carrier 500 on the carrier 200 and 25 are not the same. For example, the longitudinal direction of the swap body ^ may be up to about 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of the transport means ^ 500 in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction.

CD

o when loading. In this case, the distance between the longitudinal end positions of the demountable platform can be about 90 degrees. In addition, the demountable pallet can pivot during loading. Figure 6 illustrates situations where said angle is about 45 degrees downstream or opposite

CL

day. In this case, it is not very clear how and in what position

VJ

The means 500 is brought near the demountable platform 200 prior to being towed to the m ™ conveyor. In addition, the demountable platform can turn when loaded. For example, by tightening the loading cable 132, the platform 200 may pivot so that the leading edge of the platform 35 is positioned toward the roll 166.

17

Second, the demountable platform 200 can be disassembled in a location that would not otherwise be possible, e.g., behind an angle. For example, the conveyor 500 may be reversed such that its wheels 103 (Fig. 3) are reversed over an angle, such as a corner of a building. Thereafter, the platform 200 and the boom 110 may be pivoted relative to the bar 190. If the conveyor comprises a unloading device, the conveyor 200 may be withdrawn from the conveyor in a direction opposite to the direction of the boom 110. The load is then discharged obliquely with respect to the direction of the drawbar 190, for example behind the corner. Further, due to the unloading device, the conveyor 500 does not have to be moved during the unloading process, but the swap body can be pulled and / or pushed away from the conveyor 500. For example, if the direction of the boom 110 is at an angle of not more than 45 degrees to the first direction of the carrier 500, such as the "forward" direction of the lever 190, it can be displaced when disassembled in the boom direction at least 135 degrees to the first direction of the carrier 500.

Referring to Figure 4, in one embodiment, the conveying means 500 comprises a balance spring 196, such as a gas spring. By means of an equilibrium spring, the first angle of the boom 110 with respect to the body 510 can be influenced by the first spring. The first angle refers to the angle between the boom 110 and the plane defined by the axle 101 and the plane 190. By means of the equilibrium spring, the boom 110 is arranged at a first angle to the body 510 when the moment of vertical force 25 applied to the boom 110 falls below the limit determined by the equilibrium spring 196. For example, in Fig. 2, when the rear of the changing platform 200 presses the boom up, the boom is

O

™ up, that is, at the first angle to the body 510. The balance spring

CD

o 196 may be dimensioned such that boom 110 is inclined from the transport station, i.

from a horizontal position, about 30 degrees to the transport position, when the weight of the front end of the g 30 swap body 200, via the loading cable 162,

CL

roll 166 down. This is the case, for example, during the initial loading phase, whereby the front end of the swap body 200 is raised by a loading cable 132 which

LO

™ The loading cable is supported on the roll 166. Preferably, the S loading / unloading device 100 without the changeover platform 200 is slightly forward-weighted so that the unloaded Mana boom 110 is in a horizontal position so that the first angle is removed.

18

Similarly, in Fig. 3, when the boom has a shifting platform 200, the force exerted by the changing platform on the boom 110, particularly this moment relative to the pivot axis (tilt axis 181) of the boom 110, exerts such a force on the equilibrium spring 196 that the balance spring is compressed. The boom 110 is then substantially parallel to the body 510. Also, when loaded, boom 110 may be at a first angle to body 510. As discussed above, the boom 110 may be at another angle to the shank 190 due to the vertical bearing 182.

The equilibrium spring may be provided on the loading and unloading device 100. For example, in Figures 25a, 25d and 25e, the equilibrium spring may be arranged to compress. Alternatively, for example in the case of Figures 25b and 25c, the equilibrium spring 196 may be provided on a conveying means provided with a tilting platform. In this case, the equilibrium spring 196 may be arranged to be compressed when a force is applied to the pallet of the conveyor 500 whose torque relative to the tilt axis of the pallet exceeds the limit defined by the equilibrium spring 196.

Referring to Fig. 3, in one embodiment, the conveying means 500 comprises 20 wheels 103 arranged to support the conveying means 500 on the ground. The conveying means 500 may comprise a set of wheels, such as a bogie set, comprising said wheel 103. The wheel 103 is connected to the conveying means 500 and arranged to rotate about its axis of rotation. The axis of rotation is horizontal with the conveyor 500 on a horizontal surface. The axis of rotation is perpendicular to the first direction when the vehicle 500 is traveling? forward. The axis of rotation may be arranged, for example, by means of a shaft 101.

The axle assembly 101 refers to the means on which the wheels 103 can be rotatably mounted

CD

o fixes to provide rotation axis. The conveyor roll 166 (Figs. 1 and 4) is disposed behind the axle 101 of said wheel 103 in a rearward direction relative to the first direction. In this case, the replacement platform 200 may be guided to the boom 110 over the roll 166 such that the shaft assembly 101 remains below the replacement platform 200. More preferably, the roller 166 of the conveying means is arranged on said wheel 103

LO

behind. More preferably, the roller 166 of the conveying means is arranged behind said wheel fender. Here, too, a removable platform 200 comprising 35 wide fixtures such as a pallet, side beams 212, 213, or guide rails 218 19 and having equipment having a width greater than the width of the interchangeable platform 200 is freely retractable to conveyor 500 over roll 166.

Figures 7 and 8 illustrate the cross joint 180 in greater detail. In Figure 7, the cross-member 180 is shown from the side. The cross-member 180 is connected to a link 190, such as the body 510 of the conveyor. The cross-member 180 comprises a tilt bearing 181. With the conveyor 500 on a horizontal surface, the pivot axis defined by the tilt bearing 181 is substantially horizontal. The tilt bearing 181 allows the boom 110 shown in Figures 1 and 2 to be vertically pivoted.

10

In Fig. 8, the cross-member 180 is shown from above. The cross-member 180 is connected to a drawbar 190, such as the body 510 of the conveyor. The cross-member comprises a vertical bearing 182. With the conveyor 500 on a horizontal base, the pivot axis defined by the vertical bearing 182 may be substantially vertical. Depending on the order of the tilt bearing 181 and the vertical bearing 182 and the position of the boom 110, said pivot axis may also be in a position other than vertical. For example, the pivot axis defined by the vertical bearing of Figure 8 rotates when the boom 110 is raised. The tilt bearing 181 allows the boom 110 to be tilted so that the direction 20 of the vertical bearing 182 is also rotated. The vertical bearing allows the boom 110 shown in Figures 5 and 6 to be horizontally pivoted.

Figures 18 and 19 illustrate a portion of the loading and unloading device 100. Figure 18 shows a winch 120 seen from the side. The winch 120 is arranged at the end of the boom 110. The winch 120 is arranged to wind the loading cable 132 onto the loading coil 130 (Fig. 19) or to unload the loading cable 132 into the loading coil. Correspondingly, the winch 120 is arranged to dismantle

CD

o wire 137 from the unloading coil 136 or winding the unloading wire 137 onto the unloading coil 136 (Fig. 19). By winding the loading cable 132 onto the loading coil 130 g 30, the demountable pallet 200 can be pulled onto the transport means 500. Accordingly,

CL

by winding the unloading wire 137 onto the unloading reel 136, the demountable pallet "can be withdrawn" from the conveyor 500. As shown in the figures, one of the coils 130, m ™ 136 is integral with the winch. In other words, as the winch axis rotates, at least one of the coils 130, 136 also rotates. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the loading coil 130 is thus connected to the winch 120.

20

18 and 19, the conveying means 500 may comprise means (122, 126, 128) for guiding the winch 120. The means may comprise an electric motor 122, an operating switch 126 and a limit switch 128. As shown in Fig. 19, the operating switch may comprise a plurality of buttons for controlling the winch, in particular its electric motor 5. Limit switch 128 automatically controls the winch. For example, the actual weight of the transport means 500 may be determined. Torsion weight means the weight exerted by the towing device 190 on the vehicle towing the means of transport. The winch 120 may be arranged to be controlled using information on at least one of the following 10 o angle between boom 110 and frame 510, o load mass and o torque caused by load, interchangeable blade 200 and boom 110. For example, the equilibrium spring 196 may be arranged to be compressed when the drawbar weight is suitable. For example, limit switch 128 may stop pulling of the swap body 15 when the first angle between the boom and the frame falls below a certain limit. Separated from the equilibrium spring, limit switch 128 may, for example, stop pulling the demountable when the load mass is too high. This prevents the conveyor 500 from being loaded with too much load. Alternatively or additionally, limit switch 128 may, for example, stop pulling of the swap body 20 when the moment caused by the load and / or swap platform and / or boom 110 to the boom 110 exceeds a certain limit. The said moment is related to the cantilever. In this way, the axle weight can be automatically scaled to suit. The automatic leveling can be implemented by means of said torque or said angle. In Figure 19, limit switch 128 is disposed on boom 190, particularly on the lower portion of spring 199 (Figure 2). Then the angle described above or? the torque is easy to use to control the winch motor 122. A warning light 129 or other devices for information may be provided in connection with the winch 120 ^

CD

9 to pass. For example, the warning light 129 may be arranged to emit light when there is a g 30 voltage between the electrical contacts of the winch motor 122.

CL

"Preferably, both the discharge cable 137 and the loading cable 132 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the m ™ boom and in a vertical plane comprising the central axis of the boom 110. In Figure 19, the loading coil 130 is arranged such that said plane intersects the loading coil. Thus, the loading cable 132 naturally unloads from the loading reel 130 to a suitable position 21 relative to the boom 110. Figure 19 further shows a pulley 139 through which the discharge wire 137 passes from the discharge coil 135 to a suitable position on the boom 110. The ropes extend parallel to the boom 110 on the roll 166. The loading and unloading wire may be a single wire which winds the roll 166. By winding the wire onto the loading or unloading coil, fastening means such as a ball 133 away from it accordingly. Preferably, the conveying means comprises separate loading wires 132 and unloading wires 137. Preferably, the loading wires are long so that the loading wires can be secured to a changing platform 200 distant from the conveying means 500. For example, the loading wires may be at least 5 m, more preferably

The tiller 190 may comprise a boom latch (not shown) for locking the boom 110 to the port 190 during transport. The power supply to the winch 120 may be arranged such that the system is powerless when the boom latch is locked.

Referring to Figures 18 and 19, the conveying means comprises a loading coil 130 for a loading cable 132 and a discharge coil 136 for a discharge cable 137. The loading coil 130 and the unloading coil 136 are arranged to rotate in the same direction about the axis of rotation 20. As shown in Figure 18, the unloading position of the loading cable 132 from the loading reel 130 is disposed on the first side of the axis of rotation, above the axis of rotation in Figure 18. The axis of rotation in Figure 18 is approximately the same height as the center of the boom. Further, the unloading position of the unloading wire 137 from the unloading reel 136 is arranged on the other side opposite to the first side of the axis of rotation 25. 18, below the axis of rotation. Thus, the wires are wound on the coils in different directions. In this case, as the loading coil 130 and the unrolling coil 136 rotate, the first coil (130, 136) winds the wire (132, 137) on the first coil (130, 136) and the second coil (136, 130) releases the wire (137, 132) from the second coil (136). 130).

£ 30

CL

Figures 18 and 19 further show a brake 138 for preventing or slowing down the rotation of the discharge coil 136S. The rotation of the discharge coil 136 can be slowed down, for example, during loading. If the loading and unloading device ™ comprises a ratchet switch 135 (Fig. 19) arranged to transmit force 35 from the loading reel 130 to the unloading reel 136 only during unloading, during loading, the unloading reel 136 could rotate freely without brake 138, excessive rotation of unloading coil 136 and loosening of unloading cable 137. For example, excessive loosening is a security risk.

Referring to Figure 19, the loading device 100 comprises a friction clutch 134. The friction clutch 134 allows the discharge coil 136 and the loading coil 130 to rotate at slightly different rotational speeds (as a unit of rotation in rad / s). Different rotational speeds are advantageous because the coils have different diameters, but the wire winding speed (in units of winding speed in m / s) is the same, albeit in opposite directions. In addition, the tension of the wires 137, 132 should be suitable. The friction clutch 134 can be used to determine the tension of the wires. If the friction clutch slides easily, the cables will remain loose. The friction clutch 134 further determines the maximum force that can be exerted on the interchangeable platform when unloading. Thus, the friction clutch must be so tight that said force 15 is sufficient to push the exchange platform 200 from conveyor 500, for example, to soft ground and / or uphill. Further, thanks to the friction clutch 134, it is possible to disassemble the loading cable 132 to a remote exchange platform 200. When unloading the loading cable 132, the unloading coil 136 does not rotate from the loading reel 130.

20

As shown in Figures 18 and 19, preferably, the loading coil 130 has a smaller diameter than the unloading coil 136. Thus, the loading cable 137 does not loosen when the load is unloaded. When unloading, the force of motor 122 is transmitted to the loading coil 130. Further, the force of motor 122 is transmitted by the ratchet switch 25 135 to the unloading coil 136. When the diameter of the loading coil 130 is smaller than the unloading coil 136, 134 allows

CD

9 of the coils 130, 136, and transmits the torque of the motor 122 to the discharge coil 136 when the tension of the loading cable 132 permits it, g 30 Thus, the friction clutch 134 determines the tension of the cables 132, 137. If the friction clutch 134

CL

slips easily, the ropes stay loose. In addition, the winch provides a safe 'travel speed for the carriage 150, and thereby for the carriage 200,

LO

™ motion speed does not increase. If the speed of movement of the demountable blade were to increase, the demountable blade could fall uncontrollably from the roll 166, which could cause the load to fail.

23

In addition, thanks to the different coils 130, 136, the same winch can be used to exert a greater force on the changing platform during loading than in the unloading situation.

Alternatively or additionally, the loading and unloading device 100 may comprise a one-way switch 135 which allows the loading coil 130 to rotate freely relative to the unloading coil 136 only in a particular first direction. When rotated in the opposite, other direction, the unidirectional coupling transmits the torque of the loading coil 130 to the unloading coil 136. Such a unidirectional coupling 10 can be, for example, a ratchet switch 135 or a unidirectional bearing. For example, the ratchet clutch 135 may be arranged such that in the loading situation, when the loading coil 130 rotates, the torque of the loading coil 130 will not be transmitted to the unloading coil 136 due to movement of the loading cable 132 by tensioning the unloading cable 137. In addition, brake 138 can be used to prevent excessive rotation of unloading coil 136 and loosening of unloading wire 137 during loading.

Referring to Figure 4, the roller 166 of the conveying means 500 is disposed at the end of the beam 110. It could then be possible for the carriage 150 to be able to move the pallet 200 away from the conveyor 500 only to the roll 166. For example, pushing the changing platform 200 out of the roll 166 can be accomplished by providing special means for pushing the changing platform out of the roll 166.

Figure 9 shows an embodiment of the carriage 150 in greater detail. It is clear, ? the transport means 500 comprising said carriage 150. The carriage 150 is movably connected to the boom 110. The mobility of the carriage 150 relative to the boom 110 may

CD

for example, by means of rollers or sliding surfaces. One of the functions of the sled is to act as a conveyor for the front of the swap body during loading and unloading g 30. One function of the sled is to tie the front of the swap body to the boom during transport. The carriage comprises a forward stop 156 of the front edge of the swap body.

LO

The cable 110 is connected to the stop 156. Preferably, the boom 110 comprises a w slot 115 which opens upwards. The carriage 150 is partially arranged in the slot 115 of the boom 35 110. The boom may have a cross-sectional shape which may be an upwardly opening rectangle. For example, the rectangle may have a side length of from 40 mm to 24 120 mm; preferably about 60mm. The carriage 150 may be moved by the loading cable 132 and the unloading cable 137. On the other hand, in the loading situation, when the platform is pulled toward the first end of the boom (winch) by the loading cable 132, the platform is pushed further toward the first end of the boom 5. On the other hand, in the unloading situation, when the carriage 150 is pulled towards the opposite end of the boom by the unloading wire 137, the carriage 150 further pushes the pallet 200 towards the other end of the boom.

The carriage 150 of Fig. 9 comprises a pusher 158 configured to push the replacement platform 200 off the roll 166. The carriage 150 further comprises a spring 159 arranged to pull the pusher 158 forward in the direction of the boom 110, i.e. said first direction of conveyor when boom 110 and body 510 are parallel. The loading and unloading cables pass through the cable hole 157.

15

The stop 156 of the carriage 150 shown in Figure 9 comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section. The horizontal portion of the stop is provided when the pallet is on the conveying means, partially below the pallet 200. The vertical portion of the stop 156, when the demountable pallet is on a conveying means, is arranged against the front surface of the demountable pallet 200. The upper surface of the horizontal portion of the stop 156 is at or slightly below the rear roller. Said cable hole 157 is located in the vertical portion of the stop 156. The unloading wire 137 is arranged to pass from the unloading roll 136 (Fig. 9) inside the profile of the boom 110 to the rear roll 166. Further, the unloading wire 137 is arranged to run from below the rear roll to the rear and then to the carriage 150. pusher 158, at the first end of the pusher. From the loading reel 130

O

the loading cable 132 is arranged on the traveling boom 110 on the carriage 150,

CD

and through cable hole 157. At the end of the loading wire 132, fastening means, such as a ball 133, are provided for a pallet 200, and the loading wire may extend g 30 to a pallet 200.

CL

“When demountable 200 is unloaded from conveyor 500, 137 Kiris in £! winch 120 as described above. As the carriage 150 moves along the boom, the carriage 150 pushes the pallet 200 away from the transport means 500. At the final stage of unloading, the carriage 150 comes to the end 166 of the roll 110 of the boom 110 and can no longer move along the boom 110.

Hereby, while further tightening the discharge cable 137, the discharge cable pulls the pusher 158 in the direction of the boom 110 in a substantially first direction, i.e., backward. The spring 159 is flexible, so that the pusher 158 can be pushed backwards. If the shovel 200 is partially over the roll 166, the end of the pusher 158 exerts a force on the shovel 200 which pushes the shovel 200 away from the roll 166. In this situation, the pusher spring 158 is tuned or tuned more than the situation before the shovel ejected.

In the loading situation, when the platform 200 comes over the roll 166, the front end of the platform 200 10 pushes the pusher 158 forward. In this case, the spring 159 is slightly loosened. Spring 159 is also slightly tensioned in this situation. The spring 159 then pulls the carriage 150 backward, ensuring that the platform 200 reaches the carriage stop 156 and the hook 152 locks the carriage 200 on the carriage 150. When further tightening the loading cable 132, the platform 200 reaches the 15 stop 156, thereby disengaging the rope switch 134 and friction clutch ) and the combination of demountable platform 200 and carriage 150 begins to advance on boom 110. The ratchet switch 135 is advantageous because then all the torque of motor 122 of winch 120 can be utilized to pull the demountable platform 200 during loading.

20

The carriage 150 may further comprise a boom lock (not shown) to lock the carriage 150 into the boom 110 during transport.

The carriage 150 of Figure 9 further comprises a stop 154. The function of the stop 25 is to prevent the transverse movement of the changing platform 200. Referring to Figure 10, the exchange? the pallet 200 may comprise a pin recess 210 into which the stop 154 is mounted. The carriage 150 of Figure 9 further comprises a Hane 152

CD

9,200 longitudinal movement. Referring to Fig. 10, the changing platform 200 may comprise a prong hole 211 into which a hook 152 is disposed. The hook has a shape g 30 that is lockable in the longitudinal direction into the hook hole 211. For example

CL

the hook 152 of Fig. 9 comprises a recess into which the upper edge S of the corresponding hook opening 211 can be fitted. The conveying means 500 may comprise means for unlocking the lock 110 of the boom 110 to the body 510. Such means may be arranged to co-operate with the hook 152 such that the hook 152 is not openable if the boom 35 110 is locked to the body 510. The hook 152 169 (Fig. 9) with the carriage in its extreme position or 26 near it at the rear of the boom. The sloping front of the release 169 is arranged to raise the hook 152 as the carriage 150 approaches the release 169, whereby the hook is arranged to open automatically.

Referring to Fig. 4, an attachment means 133 is provided at the end of the unloading cable 132 for securing the changing platform 200 to the conveying means 500. When the changing platform 200 is pulled onto the conveying means 500, the loading At some point, the leading edge of the platform 200 comes close to the carriage 150. In particular, at some point, the leading edge of the platform 200 is in contact with a portion of the carriage 10, for example, at least one of a stop 156, a hook 152, a stop 154, and a pusher 158. towards the first end of the boom.

Figure 9 shows means, such as a hook 152 and a stop 154, by means of which the changing platform 200 can be locked to the carriage 150. Further, the conveying means 500 may comprise a boom lock enabling the carriage 150 to be locked to the boom 110. When the movement is slowed down considerably, for example during braking or in the event of a collision, the platform 200 can exert significant forces on the carriage 150. Locking the carriage 150 20 is a safety factor for the demountable system. In addition to the boom lock, the wires 132, 137 also hold the carriage 150 in place with respect to the boom 110. Alternatively, or additionally, the conveyor means may comprise means for securing the interchange pallet 200 to the conveyor body 510, boom 110, or platform guides 173, 174.

The conveyor 500 may further comprise a boom latch for locking the boom 110 to the body 510. The boom 110 may then be locked in place, e.g.

CD

while waiting. The knob can be arranged, for example, in connection with a spring 199 (Fig. 2).

Ϊ 30

CL

Figures 1-4 illustrate a demountable conveyor 500 that is "arranged to be towed by a vehicle such as a passenger or van. Also, m ™ in Figure 25a illustrates this embodiment. Other embodiments of the invention are illustrated in Figures 25b-25e. In Figures 1 to 4, the transport means 500 do not comprise a separate pallet, but the separate changing pallet 200 forms a pallet if necessary. In this case, the transport means 500 is the trailer of the vehicle. The transport means 500 may also comprise a flatbed trailer. Said pallet may be tilted. The means of transport may also be, for example, a lorry or a truck. In one embodiment, said loading and unloading device 100 is provided on the conveying means. In one embodiment, the conveying means 5 is provided with at least one demountable guide 172, 173, 174.

Figures 15 and 23 are rear views, respectively, of a sectional view of a part 200 of a swap body and a part 500 of a conveyor. Figure 15 shows e.g. A guide rail 218 of the demountable platform 200 supported by the lower guide 172. Further, a demountable side beam 212 is shown with a partially open profile provided with a stop 174. Fig. 23 illustrates the attachment of the load to the demountable platform 200 of such a solution. or 213. The sidewall is at least partially flanked to its side, and at this open position is fitted a conveyor 200 stopper 174 disposed on the carrier 500 15. As described above, the stopper is thus arranged with the carrier 500 500 according to an embodiment. the load securing web 354 and the load securing hook 352. The load securing hook 352 may be, for example, a Y hook. The cross-sectional profile of the sidebar shown in Figs. 15 and 20 23 is in the form of an upward G profile. "Upstream G-profile", as defined above, means a profile that opens at least partially in a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. In addition, the top-secret G profile is both top and bottom closed. Still further, the partially open edge of the upside down G profile is partially closed at its upper portion, as shown in Figures 15 and 23. Partially open edge closed top? for example, the height may be at least A 1/3 or half the height of the side bar 212, 213 °. For example, the height of the partially open top closed top may be up to half, 2/3, or 3 of the height of the side bar 212, 213. Partially closed, thanks to its closed structure, the load securing means 352 are lockable to the side members 212, 213 of the g 30. The position of the load securing means 352 is the side member 212, 213.

CL

longitudinally adjustable when the strap 354 is not tightened by moving the strap 352 in the profile of the side bar 212, 213

LO

™ in your career. The lower edge of the closed portion of the partially open edge of the upward G profile may be roughened, crimped or grooved, whereby the load securing hook 35 352 will be more securely held in position during use of the side bar.

28

Referring to Figure 24, the changing platform 200 may further comprise a longitudinally tapered tip portion 240. The tapered tip portion 240 may comprise lateral beams 245 and 246 disposed at an angle to the longitudinal direction. It is possible to use a longer changing platform than the tapered tip portion 240. If the changing platform 200 comprises a forwardly tapered tip portion 240, the changing platform may generally be made longer, i.e. the changing platform may also be extended at the rear. However, the rear is preferably wide so that, during loading and unloading, the platform is firmly supported by wheels, roller or rollers 216. Due to the tapered tip portion 10, a greater portion of the load may be positioned above the shank 190, whereby, to balance the load, a greater portion of the load should also be positioned behind the shaft 101. In this case, a significantly longer replacement blade 200 can be used than if the tapered tip portion 240 is not used. If the swap body does not comprise a tapered tip, sufficient space must be provided between the swap 200 and the vehicle driving the transport means 500 to allow the vehicle to rotate relative to the conveyor without contacting the vehicle with the leading edge of the swap body. There will be some wasted space between the front edge of the swap body 200 and the vehicle. If, on the other hand, the swap body 200 comprises a tapered tip section 240, the swap body 20 may be loaded substantially closer to the vehicle. This makes it easier to transport narrow long pieces such as boards and boats from the front. If the changing platform 200 comprises a tapered tip portion 240, the skids 214 may be located, for example, at the intersections of the parallel side beams 212, 213 and angled beams 245, 246, or, for example, at the forward end of the parallel side beams 25 212, 213. The distance between the skids 214 should be at least about the width of the transport roller 166 so that the demountable can be pulled

O

^ unobstructed to their vehicle 500.

CD

O

In one embodiment, the pallet 200 comprises a fastening means 202 for securing the pallet 200 to the pallet transport means 500.

CL

the drive means 202 is arranged longitudinally of the platform 200 at the first S end (front end) below the platform 200. The fastening means 202 may be

LO

arranged in the transverse direction of the pallet 200 in the center of the pallet 200, cv In one embodiment of the invention, the fastening means 202 is adapted to be attached to a ball 35 and the replaceable pallet 200 can be displaced by a conveying means 500 having a ball 133. Such a fastening means 202 In this case, the changing platform 200 can be moved by any conveying means 500 having a ball 133. In one example, the fastening means 202 is adapted to a ball attachment having a ball diameter of 50 mm.

5

Figures 16 and 17 illustrate in more detail the ball joint according to one embodiment. Fig. 16 is a view from below of the ball balls 202 of the exchange platform 200. In Fig. 16, the securing means for securing the exchange pallet 200 to the transport means 500 of the exchange pallet 10 further comprises a ball latch 205. turning the ball 133 into the locking position by the ball latch spring 207. The ball latch 205 can be pivoted on the shaft 15 206, whereby the ball 133 can be unlocked. For example, the ball latch 205 may be pivoted by pressing the ball latch release 209. The ball latch release hole 208 is provided on the exchange platform.

Fig. 17 is a side view of the ball balls 202 of the replacement pallet 200. The arrow shown in Fig. 17 illustrates the direction in which the ball latch 205 turns when the ball latch release 209 is pressed up. The rotation takes place on the axis 206.

Figure 11 shows a replacement platform 200 in perspective obliquely from below. The picture shows e.g. ball fence 202 and ball latch opening hole 208.

i

CD

O

Figures 10-13 show a replacement platform. In addition to the aforementioned parts 30, the platform 200 comprises a lifting lug 222 from which the platform is provided

CL

to be lifted. Preferably, the replacement platform comprises at least four lifting lugs 222.

C/O

m m ™ The swap body 200 shown in the figures further comprises a load bearing 220 disposed in its longitudinal direction upstream of the swap body 200. The load response is arranged to support 200 loaded loads on the swapboard in situations where the swapboard speed decelerates 30 rapidly. Load response 220, for example, prevents the load from moving forward in the event of a collision. In addition, the load stop 220 prevents the load from being loaded over the front edge of the changing platform 200. If the load extends beyond the leading edge of the pallet, the load may prevent the pallet 200 from being pulled onto the roll 166 and further to the transport means 500.

The replaceable blade 200 shown in the figures defines at its front a hollow recess 201 and a pin recess 211 which cooperate with the stop 154 and the hook 152 of the carriage 150 as described above.

10

The changing platform 200 may comprise or be associated with a canopy to protect the load from environmental stress such as rain, moisture and / or wind.

Figures 20-22 illustrate the use of the demountable pallet 200 as a storage shelf level. Fig. 20 is a front view of a storage shelf 300. The storage shelf 300 comprises vertical ladders 301 and shelf brackets 302. The distance between the vertical ladders 301 corresponds to, or is slightly greater than, the length L of the demountable platform 200 (Figure 13). The distance between the vertical ladders 20 may be, for example, about 50 mm greater than the length of the changing platform 200. As described above, the length of the changing platform may be, for example, 2400 mm, whereby the distance between the vertical ladders may be, for example, 2450 mm. The length of the shelf brackets 302 preferably corresponds to the width W of the swap body 200 (Figure 13). The shelf brackets may be slightly shorter than the width of the swap body. The shelf brackets 25 may be longer than the width of the swap body. As described above the demountable? for example, the width may be 1200 mm. For example, the shelf bracket 302 may be a box beam of cross-section. The width of the box beam may be, for example

CD

o 20mm, 50mm or 100mm. The height of the box beam may be, for example, 50 mm, ^ 100 mm or 150 mm. The box beam may have a square cross-section having a g 30 side length of 100 mm.

CL

ίο Figure 20 illustrates swap bodies 200 on shelf brackets 302.

LO

Figure 21 is a side view of the storage shelf of Figure 20. As shown in Figure 22, the storage shelf may comprise a stop 303.

For example, the stop 303 can be used to position the pallet 200 in place on the storage shelf.

31

Referring to Fig. 12, a changeover platform 200 according to one embodiment comprises at least one wheel, roller, or roller 216 disposed longitudinally centered on the first end on the opposite end of the changeover platform and below the changeover platform 200. The changeover platform 200 further comprises a first Jasper 214 disposed on the first outer edge below the trolley 200 and a second Jasper 214 disposed below the second peripheral edge, the chassis 214 disposed centrally to the first end side of the chassis 200. In order for such a replacement pallet to be used as a storage shelf 10 according to Fig. 20, the distance of the wheel, roller, or roller 216 from the other end of the replacement pallet 200 must be sufficient for the shelf bracket 302. For example, the distance of the wheel, roller, or roller 216 from one end of the changing platform 200, d2 (Fig. 12), may be at least 2 cm, preferably at least 5 cm, and most preferably about 10 cm. In order for such a replacement pallet to be used as a storage shelf as shown in Fig. 20, the distance of the slides 214 from the first end of the replacement pallet 200 must be sufficient for the shelf bracket 302. For example, the distance of the slides 214 from the first end of the changing platform 200, di (Fig. 12), may be at least 2 cm, preferably at least 5 cm, and most preferably about 10 cm. 20, the first shelf bracket 302 is adjustable between the second end of the shifter wheel, roller or roller 216, and the second shelf bracket 200, and the second shelf bracket 302 is adjustable between the first end of the shelf 214 and the shifter 200.

Although not shown in the figures, it is also possible to use the changing platform 200 as a storage shelf so that at least two shelf brackets 302 remain between the wheel, roll or roll 216 and the Jalas 214 in the longitudinal direction of the changing platform.

O

™ This is possible, for example, if the distance of at least one Jalas 214 is d3

CD

o (Fig. 12), the longitudinal direction of the changing platform 200 of the wheel, roller, or roller 216 is at least 40 cm, preferably at least 100 cm, and most preferably at least 150 cm.

£ 30 The removable pallet 200 can then be stored in at least two shelf brackets

CL

302, which shelf brackets 302 are adjustable between Jas 214 and S wheel, roll, or roll 216.

m

C \ J

The blank area 35 between the foot 214 and the wheel, roller, or roller 216 may also be used to move the pallet by forklift or forklift.

32

One demountable conveyor 500 does not comprise a load unloader. In this embodiment, the conveying means is only arranged to cooperate with one of the interchangeable pallets as described. In this embodiment, the conveyor conveyor means 500 is arranged to be movable in its longitudinal 5 direction forward and comprises a loading device 100 for pulling the convertible platform 200 onto the conveyor means 500. The conveyor 500 further comprises 10,174 are in the form of projections and are directed toward the longitudinal central axis of the conveyor transport means 500. The carrier 500 is illustrated in this respect, for example, in Figures 1 and 15. Here, the pallet guides 174 are arranged to control the pallet 200 sideways when the pallet 200 is moved to the pallet carrier 15500 or the carrier pallet 500. For example, guides 172, 173, 174 may be attached to boom 110. Guides 172, 173, 174 may be provided at a distance from roll 166 in front of the roll. Said distance may be, for example, 30 cm to 90 cm, preferably about 60 cm. The guide 174, i.e. the stop 174, may be, for example, pin-shaped, having a substantially circular cross-section. The stop 174 may be 16 mm thick and approximately 30 mm long. The longitudinal direction of the stop 174 is substantially transverse to the boom 110 and horizontal with the conveying means 500 on a horizontal platform. The stop may also have a different cross-sectional shape. For example, the stop 174 may have a width in the longitudinal direction of the boom, for example between 25 mm and 30 mm.

Referring to Figures 4 and 5, in addition or alternatively, a conveyor means 174

CD

o may comprise a side guide 173. The first side guide 173 is disposed longitudinally on the first side of the conveyor and the second side guide g 30 173 is disposed on the other side of the conveyor. Page-

CL

the distance between the guides 173 is adapted to the width S of the changing platform 200. The side guides can be planar or bar-shaped.

LO

In addition or alternatively, the side guides 173 may comprise a roller or rollers S for controlling the changeover platform. With the vehicle 500 on a horizontal platform 35, the side guides 173 are oriented substantially vertically. The side guides are arranged to support the demountable pallet 200 as it is pulled onto and unloaded from the transport means. If the side guide 173 comprises rollers, the axis of rotation of the rollers may be substantially vertical.

The planes of planar lateral guides may form an angle with the longitudinal direction of the transport means 5. For example, the angle may be rearward-facing. Here, the levels of the side guides form a sink to guide the changeover platform to the center of the conveying means and to hold in the middle of the conveying means 500 during transport. The distance between the side guides 173 at its narrowest corresponds to the width of the swap body 200, such that sufficient clearance is maintained between the side guides 10 and the swap body. For example, a sufficient clearance may be 10 mm. In one example, the width of the swap body used is 1200 mm. The distance between the side guides at the narrowest point (front) of said throat is 1210 mm in this example. The distance between the side guides at the widest point of the throat (rear) in this example is 1260 mm. In Example 15, in addition, the length of the side guide in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor is 100 mm. In this case, each of the lateral guides forms a plowing angle of approximately 14 degrees with the longitudinal direction of the transport means. In other embodiments, the plowing angle may be, for example, between 10 and 25 degrees. The angle of the side guides 173 relative to each other is double.

20

The side beams 212, 213 of the respective changing platform 200 may be rounded or bevelled on the sides of the leading edge. For example, the side beams 212, 213 of the respective changing platform 200 may be bevelled at their leading edge sides with the aforementioned plowing angle. The plowing angle of the conveyor 500 effectively centers the swap on the conveyor, and the corresponding bevelled leading edge (1) of the swap prevents the swap 200 from colliding with the rear edge of the side guide in a situation where the swap is not

O

^ be in the very center of the vehicle in the transverse direction and (2) facilitate

CD

o Sliding the swap blade in the throat formed by the side guides. 4 and 5, the stop 174 may be disposed longitudinally g 30 of the conveyor at the front of the side guide 173.

CL

With reference to Figure 15, preferably the height of the side guides 173 does not exceed the upper surface of the swap body m ™, whereby the swap body can be equipped with a wider platform or load. Referring also to Figure 14, the height 35 of the side guide 173 is arranged such that the stop 174 is arranged in a slot opening to the side of the side bar 212, 213 as shown in Figure 15. Most preferably, the height of the side guides 34 is slightly greater than the combined height of the Jalas 214 and the stop 174. The height of the side guide need not be very high, but may be higher if necessary. The height of the side guide 173 is also affected by where the side guide 173 is located on the conveying means 500. In the foregoing examples, the lower edge of the side guide 173 is secured to a height relative to the lower guide 172 such that when lowering or loading the swap body, the lower edge of Jasper 214 is substantially at the same height as the lower edge of the side guide 173. Substantially the same level of height means that the lower edge of the Jalas may have a clearance greater than 10 than the lower edge of the side guide, where, for example, the clearance may be 1 mm to 10 mm. In one example, the height of the Jalas 214 is 100 mm and the height of the stop 174 is 16 mm. In addition, a 4 mm clearance between the lower edge of the sidebar and the stop is taken into account, resulting in a height of 120 mm for the side guide.

Such conveyor means 500 may further comprise a lower guide 172 arranged to support the shifting platform 200 in the vertical direction when the shifting platform 200 is moved to or from the transporting platform 500. The lower guide may be arranged at a height such that the lower guide is at or slightly below the upper surface of the roll 166 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the boom. In this case, both the roller 166 and the lower guide 172 may simultaneously support the changing platform 200. The lower guide may comprise a wheel, a roller or a roller. The axis of rotation of the wheel of the lower guide 172 may be horizontal when the transport means 500 is on a horizontal surface. Such orientation of the lower guide 172 effectively targets the support of the lower guide 172 to the replacement platform 200 upward-25. As described above, the distance between the lower guides 172 transversely? in the direction may correspond to the distance between the guide rails 218 of the demountable. As described above, the distance between the lower guides 172 in the transverse direction may

CD

o correspond to the distance between the side beams 212, 213 of the demountable if the side beams are closed at the bottom. The distance between the lower guides 172 in the transverse direction g 30 may be, for example, 500 mm to 1500 mm, preferably about 1000 mm. Bottom guide

CL

may be just below stop 174. For example, the lower controller 172

VJ

The upper surface may be about 12 mm below the lower surface of the stop 174. The bottom guide m ™ 172 may be located slightly rearwardly of the boom 110 over the stop 174.

35 35

The conveying means 500 may comprise a roll 166. As described above, the width of the roll is adapted to the changing platform 200 so that the width of the roll is smaller than the distance between the elevations 214 of the changing platform. For example, the roll width may be up to 1000 mm. Preferably, the roll 166 is wide so that the loading is carried out in a manner supporting the replacement pallet as described above.

For example, loading the conveyor 200 onto the transport means is as follows: - conveyor 500 is withdrawn at most within the range of the loading cable 132 10 from the conveyor 200. The longitudinal direction of the conveyor 500 may deviate 45 degrees or less clockwise from the longitudinal direction. (Fig. 6) - Open the boom latch to allow the boom to pivot with respect to the carrier body 510. The carriage 150 is then located at the rear end of the boom 110 or movable to the rear end of the boom.

Unloading the loading cable 132 from the loading reel 130 for the distance required by the exchange platform 200.

- Attach the loading cable 132 to the replacement pallet 200. In one embodiment, a 50 mm ball 133 (Fig. 4) 20 at the end of the loading cable is inserted into a ball bearing 202 (Fig. 11) below the front of the replacement pallet. The ball 133 is then locked by the ball latch 205 on the exchange platform 200. There is a working space between the ball and the ground. thanks to the 214 shoes.

- Raising the front end of the changing platform 200 to the rear roller 166 by means of a loading cable 132 running in the middle groove 168 of the rear roller 166 (Fig. 1).

? The function of the center groove 168 is to center the replacement platform 200 on the rear roller 166.

In this case, due to the balance spring 169, the first end of the boom 110

CD

o Rises upwards under the front of the swap body. In one embodiment, the first end of the boom 110 rises to its limit position, whereby the boom 110 forms an angle of about 30 degrees (first described above) with the body 510. The longitudinal direction $ of the pallet 200 may deviate from the longitudinal direction of the conveyor 500. As the longitudinal direction of the conveyor m ™ 200 deviates from the longitudinal direction of the conveying means, the boom 110 may pivot horizontally by means of a vertical bearing 182, such as a vertical bearing of a transverse joint 180. For example, the boom 110 may pivot so that the distance of the ball bar 202 of the replacement platform 200 from the vertical plane comprising the longitudinal direction of the boom 110 is reduced. If the boom 110 does not rotate by itself so that the ball spindle 202 of the exchange platform 200 is in a vertical plane comprising the longitudinal direction of the boom 110, the boom can be further manually adjusted.

5 - Pulling the replacement pallet 200 on the conveyor 500 by winding the loading cable 132 onto the loading reel 130. The front end of the replacement pallet 200 meets the roll 166 after passing the carriage stop 156.

Further, the pallet 200 is pulled onto the conveyor 500. The stop 154 in the carriage 150 protrudes into the pin pin 210 at the front end of the carriage 200, locking the carriage 200 and the carriage 150 sideways and vertically.

Further, the shifter 200 is pulled onto the conveyor 500. The hook 152 in the carriage 150 protrudes into the hollow recess 211 at the front end of the carriage 200 and locks the shifter in the carriage 150 along the longitudinal direction of the shifter 15 as The changing platform 200 moves forward supported by the carriage 150 and the wheels, rollers or roller 216 at the rear end of the changing platform. The carriage 150 rests on the boom 110. The wheel, roller, or roller 216 initially rests on the ground. During the initial loading phase, the rear roller 20 166 does not touch the platform 200 with the boom 110 in its limit position at a slightly steeper tilt than the platform 200.

Further, the pallet 200 is pulled onto the conveyor 500, thereby shifting the focus of the load and the pallet. As the center of gravity shifts to the front of the tipping bearing position of the loading and unloading device 100, the boom 110 aligns with the bottom of the swap body 200 (guides 218 or ^ side beams 212, 213) and roll 166 begins to bear

O

Finally, the boom 110 is guided by the balance spring 196

CD

o Horizontal position on the link spring 199. In one embodiment, the winch 120 limit switch 128 then stops the winch 120 g 30 motor 122. Because of the limit switch 128, the conveyor 500 has a lever 190

CL

the drawbar weight on the end zipper stays on the load

VJ

”As an independent constant. The limit switch can be bypassed with the m ™ bypass function of the on / off switch and can be moved further forward to increase the tiller °.

35 - Lock boom lock and boom latch.

37

Disassembly of the demountable pallet can be done, for example, as follows: - Open the boom lock and the boom lock.

- Manually directing the boom 110 in the direction in which the demountable platform 200 with its load is to be dismantled. The demountable platform is dismounted from the boom 110 in the direction of the boom and rearward of the conveyor. Orientation can be done as needed. The alignment may be performed before the wheel, roller or roller 216 of the platform 200 meets the ground, for example when the boom 110 is in a horizontal position. As shown below, the boom 110 will tilt as the platform 200 is dismantled.

Drive motor 122 of winch 120 rearward, i.e., discharge cable 137 becomes tighter. In this case, the unloading wire 137 pulls the carriage 150 with the boom 110 backward. The stop 156 of the carriage 150 pushes the changing platform 200 backward. The demountable platform 200 first moves along the boom 110 in a horizontal direction 15 with the common center of gravity of the loading / unloading device 100, the interchangeable platform 200 and the load in front of the tilting axis.

Further, the winch motor 120 is driven rearward 122. As the center of gravity of the load passes the tipping bearing boom 110, the swap body 200 and the load thereon tilt until the rollers 216 of the swap body 200 20 meet the ground.

Further, the motor 122 of the winch 120 is driven backwards, whereby the carriage pushes the swap body away from the conveyor 500 while the conveyor 500 is stationary. At the same time, the gravity support force 25 exerted by the boom 110 and the roller 166 on the changing platform 200 is partially applied rearward. When the carriage 150 meets the boom 110 ^ the rear carriage 150 stops because of the location of the carriage 150 and the winch

O

Due to the operation of the friction clutch 134, the discharge coil 136 does not rotate.

CD

o - Drive motor 122 of winch 120 is further driven backwards, whereupon discharge cable 137 pulls the pusher 158 of carriage 150 backward, g 30 Pusher 158 in turn pushes the rear roller of the front edge of the changing platform 200

CL

166 to the rear.

'- The motor 122 of the winch 120 is further driven backwards, whereby the transmission ™ pallet 200 is lowered to the ground by the loading cable 132 and the peeling wire 132 loosens. Boom 110 descends unladen to horizontal 35 at this point or later.

38 - Open the ball latch 205 from the ball latch opening hole 208, whereby the ball 133 can fall from the ball bar 202.

For example, the demountable pallet system can be used to store seasonal goods such as snowmobiles, watercraft, motorcycles, and construction goods and equipment on a temporary platform, such as a demountable platform 200, and to protect objects such as a canopy 200.

With the help of the demountable platform shown, the load can be loaded onto the demountable platform 10,200 with a substantially low top surface. For example, the upper surface may be just slightly above the wheels, rollers or roller 216. Similarly, the diameter of the wheels, rollers or roller 216 may be substantially smaller than the diameter of the wheels of the conveyor 500. For example, the height of the upper surface of a demountable platform may be less than 20 cm. The platform of known trailers may be positioned above 15 larger wheels, whereby the load is loaded high.

The demountable pallets 200 shown can be used, for example, at machine renters to store equipment. In equipment rental companies, equipment is moved between maintenance, warehousing, sales and offices. Such transfer will be greatly facilitated if the equipment is stored on the shown swap body. The demountable pallet can be moved for short distances by almost any conveying means comprising fastening means fitted to the corresponding demounting means of the demountable. For example, such an attachment means may be a ball 133 of the conveying means. The devices may be integrated in the swap 200 or the devices may be located on the swap 200.

C \ J

CD

The demountable pallets 200 can be used, for example, on construction sites such as construction sites. On site, equipment and materials need to be stocked at £ 30 and transferred, for example. for use, protection and site organization. Devices Q_ and materials can be stored and transported on swap bodies 200. The edges of the $ 200 swap platform protect devices and / or materials in the event of a transfer.

LO

C \ J

™ With the system shown, the loading, transport and 35 storage of equipment and materials can be achieved in a cost-effective manner. When the equipment and materials are transported and stored on the interchangeable platform 200, intermediate storage and transport stages such as loading onto and / or from and / or transporting from / to the warehouse significantly speeds up because the goods are stored on the interchangeable platform 200. short distances solely on the interchange 200. In addition, the demountable pallet 5200 is an inexpensive storage rack compared to the solution where the goods are stored in a transport device.

In particular, the system can be adapted by selecting the appropriate load-bearing capacity for the system components and the length of the boom 110. The total carrying capacity of 10 can be thought to range from 500 kg to 5000 kg, preferably 750 kg to 2000 kg. The length of the boom 110 may vary within the aforementioned limits. Correspondingly, the length of the changing platform 200 may vary within the limits previously described. The length of the boom should be sufficient for the longest available platform. Short swap bodies are compatible with long booms. The short demountable platform 200 can also be pulled onto the longitudinal beam 110 at the correct position so that the conveyor has a suitable cantrail, i.e., the center of gravity of the interchangeable platform and the load is slightly ahead of the shaft 101.

Removable or removable attachments such as pallet 20, sides and canopy 20 can be attached to the exchange platform 200. The width of the pallet blade may be greater than the base portion of the removable blade 200, since the extensions are always located behind and above the shaft 101.

In another embodiment of the embodiment, other types of swap bodies 200 may also be used. With the front end of the swap body 200 narrow, it may be loaded close to the tow bar without restricting the turning of the trailer vehicle ™. Changing platform 200 can thus be applied to the displacement of boats and

CD

o for storage on land or in high storage and for landing by hand, ^ with pallet truck or forklift as an alternative to using a vehicle. In particular, an embodiment of the conveyor 500 g 30 is arranged to dismantle the swap body

CL

by pushing it backwards. In this case, it is possible, for example, to reverse the "transport vehicle to water with a transport platform 200 and a load m ™ boat. Thereafter, the interchangeable platform 200 with its boats can be pushed along the bottom of the lake, ° sea or river into deeper water. Thus, it may be possible to launch boats with a shallow draft. When lifting a boat, the replacement platform 200 can be disassembled empty under a floating boat. After this 40, the boat can be at least helpfully moored to the platform 200 for towing the boat to the transport vehicle 500. Better transport during transport can later be secured when the boat 200 and the boat are on the vehicle 500.

5 As the system utilizes a flatbed trailer, the loading / unloading device 100 may extend in the direction of travel over the front edge of the trailer blade, close to the trailer draw barrier (Figure 25b). The interchangeable platform 200 may also exceed the center of gravity of the rear edge of the trailer blade. With the combined effect of these two factors 10, the length of the swap body may be greater than that of the trailer.

The transport vehicle 500 according to the invention may be, for example, one of the following: - a trailer for use behind a vehicle (Figures 1-4, 25a), 15 - a flatbed trailer for use behind a vehicle (Fig. 25d), - a tilt trailer for use behind a vehicle (Fig. 25b), , such as a pickup truck or truck (Figure 25e), and - a dump truck such as a pickup truck or truck (Figure 25c).

The loading / unloading device 100 according to the invention may also be mounted on a vehicle or trailer pallet (Figures 25b-25e), wherein the vehicle or trailer comprises a body 510 and an axle assembly 101. If the vehicle or trailer comprises a tilting pallet (Figures 25b and 25c), the vehicle or trailer comprises in addition, the tilt bearing 181.

25? Some embodiments of the invention have been described above. However, the invention is not limited to these but may be applied to the following claims.

(D

o within ink.

i ^ £ 30 Thus, for example, the following is given above:

CL

$ Example A1. A transport means (500) arranged to be movable in one

LO

™ in a first direction forward and comprising a S-frame (510) and a 41 loading device (100) for pulling a change platform (200) on the conveyor (500) in a second direction forming an acute angle with the first direction and which conveying means (500). - arranged to exert a gravity support force on the displacement platform (200), characterized in that - the conveying means (500) comprises a unloading device (100) arranged to exert a force on the displacement platform (200) in addition to the gravity support force; with a blunt angle or right angle; wherein the conveying means (500) is arranged to unload the swap body (200) from the conveying means (500) backwards along the conveying means (500) by the unloading device (100).

15

Example A2. Transport device (500) according to Example A1, characterized in that the transport device (500) comprises one common loading and unloading device (100), wherein the total number of loading and unloading devices is one, which loading and unloading device (100) is arranged -20 to the transport means (500) and to dismount the demountable pallet from the transport means (500).

Example A3. The conveying means (500) according to Example A1 or A2, characterized in that the conveying means (500) comprises: - means for attaching a changing platform (200) to the conveying means (500) and - said means comprising a ball (133); wherein the interchangeable platform (200) to be connected to the conveying means (500) can also be secured to other conveying means provided with the ball (133).

CD

o

Example A4. A conveying means (500) according to any one of examples A1 to A3 having a g 30 in the first direction, characterized in that:

CL

the conveying means comprises: - comprising a boom (110) extending or being orientated in a direction vertical to the longitudinal plane of the conveying means, 35 - a tilt bearing (181) for pivotally joining the boom (110) to the body (510), the first end of the boom (110) being movable relative to the body (510) with the conveyor on a horizontal surface, - means for securing the swap body (200) to the loading or unloading or unloading and unloading device (100), for moving the winch (120) swiveling (200) fastening means forward and backward, - for transmitting the force of at least one wire (132, 137) from the winch (120) to the swinging (200) fastening means, and - at least one roll (166) swinging ( 200) and / or for controlling the cable (132, 137) 10; wherein the conveying means (500) is arranged to pull the demountable platform (200) onto the conveying means (500) and to dismount the interchangeable platform (200) from the conveying means (500) by means of a winch (120).

15 Example A5. The conveying means (500) according to Example A4, characterized in that: - the width of the roll (166) is more than 800 mm; wherein the swap body (200) can be pulled onto or removed from the transport means (500).

20

Example A6. Transport means according to one of the examples A1 to A5, characterized in that the transport means (500) comprises: - a balance spring (196), such as a gas spring, by which the boom (110) is arranged at an angle to the vertical force on the boom (110). the torque is below the limit set by the equilibrium spring (196), o

C \ J

i

CD

o Example A7. The conveying means (500) according to one of the examples A4 to A6, characterized in that the conveying means (500) comprises a g 30 - vertical bearing (182) by means of which the boom (110) is arranged

CL

with respect to the frame (510) such that the first of the boom (110)

VJ

'The head is arranged to move horizontally with respect to the frame (510) with the m ™ conveyor (500) on a horizontal surface, δ

CVJ

35 Example A8. The conveying means (500) according to any one of A4 to A7, comprising a wheel (103) arranged to support the conveying means 43 (500) on the ground, and which wheel (103) is rotatably connected to the axle (101) of the conveying means. characterized in that - said roller (166) is arranged behind the axle (101) of said wheel (103), in a rearward direction with respect to the first direction.

5

Example A9. The conveying means (500) according to one of the examples A4 to A8, characterized in that the conveying means comprises: - a carriage (150) comprising - a pusher (158) arranged to push the changing platform (200) away from the rolls (166).

Example A10. The conveying means (500) according to one of the examples A4-A9, characterized in that the conveying means (500) comprises - means (122, 126, 128) for guiding the winch (120) and 15 - the winch (120) is arranged to be controlled using at least one of the angle between the boom (110) and the frame (510), o the mass of the load and o the 20 moment caused by the load and / or swap body (200) and / or the boom (110).

Example A11. Transport means (500) according to one of the examples A4 to A10, characterized in that the transport means (500) comprises at least one of the following: - means for locking the longitudinal position of the swap body (200) relative to the Haan (152), carriage (150) and boom lock booms ™ (110),

CD

o - means for locking the transverse position of the stop (152), the carriage (150) and the boom lock, the transverse pallet (200) relative to the g 30 to the boom (110),

CL

- means for attaching the replacement platform (200) to the frame (510), to the boom (110)

VJ

Or the pallet guides (173, 174); m ™ whereby the swap body can be locked in place, for example during transport, δ

CVJ

35 Example A12. Transport device (500) according to one of the examples A4 to A11, characterized in that the transport device comprises 44 - a loading coil (130) for the loading cable (132) and - a unloading coil (136) for the unloading cable (137), - a loading coil (130) and a unloading coil (136) arranged to rotate in the same direction about the axis of rotation, the unloading position of the loading cable (132) from the loading reel (130) to the first side of the rotation axis and the unloading cable (137) from the unloading coil (136) to the second, first side; wherein, as the loading coil (130) and the unloading coil (136) rotate, the first coil 10 (130, 136) winds the wire (132, 137) on the first coil (130, 136) and the second coil (136, 130) releases the wire (137, 132) from the second coil (136, 130).

Example A13. Transport means (500) according to one of the examples A1 to A12, characterized in that the transport means (500) comprises 15 - latches for locking the boom (110) to the frame; wherein the boom (110) is lockable in place, for example, during transport.

Example A14. Transport vehicle (500) according to one of the examples A1 to A13, characterized in that the transport vehicle is one of - a trailer for use behind a vehicle, - a flatbed trailer for use behind a vehicle, - a tilt trailer for use behind a vehicle, - a flatbed vehicle and 25 - a tipper vehicle.

δ ™ Example A15. Transport means (500) according to one of the examples A1 to A14, characterized in that the transport means comprise: - a loading coil (130) for winding or unloading the loading wire (132), - a winding coil (136) for winding or unloading the unloading wire (137), 120) for rotating the loading coil and unloading coil, <3 - forwards the unidirectional switch (135) of the loading coil (130) to rotate relative to the unloading coil (136) only in a particular first direction 35 but with the loading coil (130) rotating in opposite a loading coil (130) for a torque discharge coil (136), - which unidirectional coupling (135) is arranged such that in the loading condition, when the loading coil (130) rotates, the loading coil torque 5 is not transmitted to the discharge coil (136); wherein all of the torque force of the winch (120) can be utilized to pull the swap body (200) during loading.

Example A16. The conveying means (500) according to any one of Examples A1 to A15, characterized in that the conveying means comprises: - a friction clutch (134) to prevent or retard rotation of the unloading coil (136).

Further, the conveying means (500) may comprise the features shown in any one of Examples B20 to B24.

Example B1. A swap body (200) comprising: - on its first side, a first side bar (212) defining a plane, 20 - on its opposite side a second side bar (213) arranged on said plane, wherein the side bars (212, 213) define a longitudinal direction of said changing platform (200) extending in said plane and extending between or parallel to an angle formed by the side beams (212, 213), 25 - the first side bar (212) forming an angle of less than 30 with the longitudinal direction; degrees,

O

^ - the second side bar (213) forms an angle with the longitudinal direction which

CD

o is less than 30 degrees, and the exchange platform (200) comprises: - at least one support member (230) for supporting the first (212) and second side (303) beams (213),

CL

characterized in that: - the first sidewall (212) is longitudinally directed in ™ directly sideways, in a direction opposite to the second sidewall (213), at least partially open and closed, or 46 - the second sidewall (213) is longitudinal; against a lateral direction perpendicular to the first side bar (212), at least partially opening and closed at the top or bottom; wherein the swap body (200) is guided by side beams (212, 213) to the 5 swap body transport means (500) and the load securing means can be secured to the side beams (212, 213).

Example B2. A swap body (200) according to Example B1, characterized in that the 10 - first (212) or second (213) side beams have a cross sectional G profile; wherein the load securing means are lockable to the side bar (212, 213).

Example B3. A swap body (200) according to Example B1 or B2, characterized in that - (ia) the side beams (212, 213) comprise parallel parts, or - (ib) the side beams (212, 213) are parallel; wherein the side beams (212, 213) define a longitudinal direction of the demountable platform (200) parallel to the parallel portions of the side beams or side beams, and - (ii) the parallel portions of the side beams (212,213) are aligned along said demountable longitudinal direction; wherein the demountable platform is controllable on its conveyor means and lockable to the conveyor means by means of parallel portions 25 of the side beams.

δ ^ Example B4. A demountable platform according to any one of Examples B1 to B3, known i '

CD

characterized in that - the changing platform (200) further comprises a tip member (240) tapered in the longitudinal direction of the changing platform, each tip member (240)

CL

- is fixedly or removably connected to the body of the swap body (200).

C/O

m m ™ Example B5. Swap according to one of the examples B1 to B4, characterized in that the 35 swap body (200) comprises at least one extension piece for adjusting the length of the side beams (212, 213) according to the application.

OH

Example B6. A swap according to one of the examples B1 to B5, characterized in that the swap (200) comprises: - a fastening means (202) for fastening the swap (200) to the conveying means (500) and - the fastening (202) arranged longitudinally of the swap (200) 200).

Example B7. A swap according to Example B6, characterized in that 10 - said fastening means (202) is a ball friction (202); wherein said securing means (202) is adapted to be attached to the ball and the replacement pallet (200) can be moved by a conveying means (500) having a ball (133).

Example B8. Interchangeable platform (200) according to any one of Examples B1 to B7, characterized in that the interchangeable platform (200) comprises - at least one wheel, roller or roller (216) arranged longitudinally centered on a second end opposite the first end of the interchange platform (200). to the side and below the swap body (200); wherein the change platform (200) can be moved on said wheel, roller or roller 20 (216).

Example B9. A swap body (200) according to Example B8, characterized in that: - the diameter of the wheel, roller or roller (216) is up to 180 mm; 25, whereby the demountable platform (200) is low and occupies only a small amount of space when stacked.

o

(M

o Example B10. A swap body (200) according to Example B8 or B9, characterized in that = 30 - the wheel, roller or roller (216) is arranged on the swap body (200) such that

CL

the wheel, roller, or fire (216) as a whole is below the level determined by the top of the swap body,

LO

™ whereby the platform can be covered by a platform S over a wheel, roller or roller (216).

35 48

Example B11. A swap body (200) according to one of the examples B1 to B10, characterized in that the swap body comprises - at least one guide (218) - arranged below the swap body (200) between the first (212) and 5 second (213) side beams; wherein the exchange pallet (200) can be moved away from its transport means (500) or from the transport means (500) on said at least one guide (218).

10 Example B12. A swap body (200) according to Example B11, characterized in that the swap body (200) comprises: - a first platform arranged below the swinging platform (200) on the first outer edge, such as Jalas (214) or a wheel; such as: - the pedestal (214) or the wheel - the elevations are arranged longitudinally centered on the first end of the platform (200), - the length of the platform is adapted such that when the platform (200) is on a horizontal surface, the top surface of the platform (200) The horizontal and the distance between the elevations being arranged such that at least a portion of the at least one guide (218) is located between the elevations; wherein the exchange platform (200) can be moved away from its conveyor means (500) or from its conveyance means (500) by said guide (218) without the platform being hindered by the elevation.

δ ^ Example B13. A swap body (200) according to any one of Examples B1 to B10,

CD

characterized in that - the first and second side beams (212, 213) are closed from below; g 30 wherein the swap body (200) can be moved to its transport means (500) or

CL

by means of said first and second lateral beams (212, 213) out of said transport means (500), m

CVJ

° Example B14. A swap body (200) according to Example B13, characterized in that the swap body (200) comprises 49 - a first platform underneath a replacement platform (200) on the first outer edge, such as a Jalas (214) or a wheel and , such as a Jalas (214) or a wheel, 5 - the ramps being arranged longitudinally centered on the first end of the swap body (200), - the length of the booms being adapted so that when the swap body (200) is on a horizontal surface is substantially horizontal and the spacing between the 10-steps is arranged such that at least a portion of the first and second side beams (212, 213) remain between the skids (214); wherein the swap body (200) can be moved away from its conveyor means (500) or conveyor means (500) on said first and second side beams (212, 213) without the platforms being disrupted by displacement.

15

Example B15. A swap body (200) according to one of the examples B1-B14, characterized in that the swap body (200) comprises: - platforms, such as skids (214) or wheels, - raised on the first end side in the longitudinal direction of the swap body (200), of which - the rungs have a length of at least 80 mm; wherein the swap body (200) can be moved, for example, by means of a forklift.

Example B16. A swap body (200) according to any one of Examples B1 to B15, characterized in that the swap body (200) comprises - at least one wheel, roller or roller (216) provided

O

a first end of the pallet (200) longitudinally relative to the center

CD

o g 30 first Jalas (214) arranged on the opposite end of the second end and below the swap body (200) and - below the first outer edge under the swap body (200) and a swap body (200) on the second outer edge.

CL

a second Jasper (214) arranged below, which Jim (214) is

VJ

Longitudinally centered on the first end side of the m ™ swap body (200) having from - at least a second Jalas (214) in the longitudinal direction 35 of the wheel, roller, or roller (216) to at least 40 cm; Wherein the changing platform (200) can be stored on two shelf brackets (302), which shelf brackets (302) can be fitted between at least one Jalas (214) and a wheel, roll, or roller (216).

5 Example B17. Interchangeable platform (200) according to any one of examples B1 to B15, characterized in that the interchangeable platform (200) comprises - at least one wheel, roller, or roller (216) arranged longitudinally centered on the second end opposite the second end. and a first platform, such as Jalas (214), located below the swap body (200) and a first platform, such as Jalas (214), under the first outer edge, and a second platform, such as Jalas (214), with respect to the center, to the first end 15 of the platform (200) having - a wheel, roller, or roller (216) at least 2 cm from one end of the platform (200) and - a height of at least 2 cm from the first end of the platform (200); Wherein the removable platform (200) can be stored on two shelf brackets (302), the first shelf bracket (302) being adjustable between one end of the removable wheel, roll or roller (216) and the second platform (200) and the second shelf bracket (302) between a first end of a changing platform (200).

25 ^ Example B18. A swap body (200) according to any one of Examples B1 to B17,

O

characterized in that the swap body (200) comprises

CD

o - a load stop (220) disposed longitudinally upwardly from the swap (200); g 30 whereby the load stop (220) prevents the load from moving forward

CL

as a sign of a crash.

00 m m ™ Example B19. Removable platform (200) according to any one of Examples B1 to B18, characterized in that the removable platform (200) comprises a 35 canopy to protect the load from environmental stress such as rain, moisture and / or wind.

51

Example B20. A pallet conveyor means (500) which is - arranged to be movable in its longitudinal direction and - comprises a loading device (100) for pulling the interchangeable pallet (200) onto the conveyor means (500), characterized in that the conveyor means (500) further comprises - side guides (173, 174) guiding the replacement pallet according to the invention to the conveying means (500) in the transverse direction of the replacement pallet (200); wherein the movable pallet guides (173, 174) are arranged to steer the movable pallet (200) of Example B1 10 laterally when the movable pallet (200) is moved to or from the pallet transporting vehicle (500).

Example B21. Demountable conveyor means (500) according to Example B20, characterized in that the conveying means (500) comprises - on its first side longitudinal center axis a first demountable platform guide (174) and - on its second side longitudinal center axis a second demountable platform guide (174) (174) are in the form of projections and oriented toward the longitudinal central axis of the demountable carrier (500), the demountable guides (174) being arranged to laterally guide the demountable platform (200) of Example B1 when the demountable (200) is moved to the demountable carrier (500); from demountable conveyor? (500) off, and the demountable controls (174) can be used for the demountable

O

for locking it to its transport means (500).

C/O

cp

Example B22. Demountable conveyor conveyor g 30 according to Example B20 or B21, characterized in that the conveyor conveyor (500) comprises

CL

- a first lateral guide (173) disposed longitudinally on the first side of the carrier Φ and a second side guide (173) disposed longitudinally along the carrier, 35 - the lateral guides (173) being planar and oriented substantially vertically with the conveying means (500) on a horizontal surface and the levels of the 52-level side guides (173) forming an angle with the longitudinal direction of the conveying means; wherein the levels of the side guides form a sink for guiding the changing platform (200) in the center of the conveying means (500).

5

Example B23. Demountable conveyor means (500) according to one of the examples B20 to B22, characterized in that the conveyor means (500) further comprises: - a lower guide (172) arranged to support the demountable platform (200) 10 vertically when the demountable platform (200) ) or out of the demountable conveyor (500).

Example B24. A demountable conveyor means (500) according to Example B23, characterized in that the lower guide (172) comprises a 15-wheel, roller or roller having its axis of rotation horizontal when the conveyor means (500) is on a horizontal base; wherein the orientation of the lower guide (172) effectively aligns the support of the lower guide (172) with the changing platform (200) upward.

Further, the demountable transport means (500) may comprise the features described in any one of Examples A1 to A16.

't δ c \ j

CD

O

X

cc

CL

00 m m c \ j δ c \ j

Claims (12)

A conveying means (500) arranged to be movable in a first direction forward and arranged to exert a supporting force on the changing platform (200); the conveying means comprising: - a frame (510), - a loading device (100) for pulling the changing platform (200) on the conveying means (500) in a second direction forming a sharp angle with the first direction, - a unloading device (100) arranged on the shifter (200), a force whose direction of action forms an obtuse angle or right angle with the first direction; wherein the conveying means (500) is arranged to dismantle the interchangeable platform (200) from the means (500) rearwardly along the conveying means (500) by the unloading device (100), - a boom (110) oriented or orientable in the direction of the conveying means. a vertical bearing 20, - a vertical bearing (182) by means of which the boom (110) is pivotable with respect to the frame (510) such that the first end of the boom (110) is arranged to move horizontally with the frame (510) with the conveyor (500) on a horizontal surface; wherein the demountable platform 25 (200) is movable to and / or from the transport means (500)? (500) away in a direction not parallel or opposite 00 to said first direction, o - a tilt bearing (181) by means of which the boom (110) is pivotally connected to the frame (510) such that the first end of the boom (110) arranged to be movable with respect to the frame 30 (510) vertically with the conveyor means CL on a horizontal surface, - means for securing the swap body (200) to the loading device, unloading device or loading and unloading device (100), 200) for moving the fastening means 35 in the direction of the boom (110) forwards and backwards, and - for controlling the changing platform (200) of the at least one roller (166); wherein the conveying means (500) is arranged to pull the demountable platform (200) onto the conveying means (500) and to disengage the interchangeable platform (200) from the conveying means (500) backwardly by the winch (120), characterized in that is connected to said boom (110) and - said roller (166) is arranged behind said tilt bearing (181). Transport device (500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the transport device (500) comprises one common loading and unloading device (100), wherein the total number of loading and unloading devices is one which is arranged on the loading and unloading device (100). pulling the demountable platform onto the transport means (500) and disassembling the demountable platform from the transport means (500). A conveying means (500) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the conveying means (500) comprises: - means for attaching a changing platform (200) to the conveying means (500) and - said means comprising a ball (133); wherein the interchangeable platform (200) to be connected to the conveying means (500) can also be mounted on other conveying means provided with the ball (133). Conveying means (500) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, the longitudinal direction of which is in said first direction, characterized in that the conveying means comprises a 25 loading cable (132) for transmitting force from the winch (120) to a changing means for securing the platform (200) and a roll (166). comprising a groove (168) for guiding the loading wire (132). Conveying means according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the conveying means (500) comprises a CL balance spring (196), such as a gas spring, by means of which the boom (110) is arranged at an angle to the frame (510). when the moment of vertical force m ™ applied to the boom (110) falls below a limit defined by the equilibrium spring (196). 35 Transport means (500) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that (i) said roller (166) is arranged at the end of said boom (110) or (ii) (a) the transporting means (500) comprises a wheel (103), which is arranged to support the conveyor means (500) on the ground and (b) the conveyor roll (166) is arranged behind said wheel (103). Transport means (500) according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the transport means comprises a 10. carriage (150) movably connected to the boom (110), and - means for locking the changing platform (200) in the carriage (150). ). Transport means (500) according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the transport means (500) comprise 15. means (122, 126, 128) for guiding the winch (120) and - the winch (120) is arranged to be controlled using at least one of these: o angle between boom (110) and frame (510), o load mass and 20. torque caused by load and / or swap body (200) and / or boom (110). Transport means (500) according to one of Claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the transport means comprises a loading coil (130) for the loading cable (132) and a loading coil (136) for the loading cable (137), a loading coil (130). and the unloading reel (136) is arranged to rotate centrally in the same direction about the axis of rotation, - the unloading point of the loading cable (132) from the loading reel (130) is arranged; 30 disposed on the first side of the axis of rotation and the unloading position of the CL unloading wire (137) from the unrolling coil (136) is arranged on the other side opposite the first side of the axis of rotation; m ™ wherein, as the loading coil (130) and the unrolling coil (136) rotate, the first coil (130, 136) winds the wire (132, 137) on the first coil (130, 136) and the second coil (136, 130) discharges the wire (137, 132) ) from the second coil (136, 130). Transport means (500) according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the transport means comprise: - a loading coil (130) for winding or unloading the loading wire (132), 5. a winding coil (136) for winding or unloading, - a winch (120) ) for rotating the loading coil and unloading coil, - a unidirectional switch (135) which allows the loading coil (130) to rotate relative to the unloading coil (136) only in a particular first direction, but when the loading coil (130) rotates in the opposite, 10 second direction for the discharge coil (136), - which unidirectional switch (135) is arranged such that, in the loading condition, when the loading coil (130) rotates, the moment of the loading coil is not transmitted to the discharge coil (136); Wherein all the torque of the winch (120) can be utilized to pull the swap body (200) during loading. Transport means (500) according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the transport means comprises a friction clutch (134) to prevent or retard the rotation of the discharge coil (136). Transport vehicle (500) according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the transport vehicle is one of the following: 25 trailer for use behind a vehicle, ^ - flatbed trailer for use behind a vehicle, O ^ - tilt trailer for use behind a vehicle, CD0 - fixed vehicle and - a dumper truck. Ϊ 30 CL 00 m m c \ j δ c \ j