FI12277U1 - Insulating glass element - Google Patents

Abstract

An insulating glass element (100) comprising at least two glass panels (102) and one spaced apart space (105), of which at least one glass panel (102) comprises a low emissivity surface (103), characterized in that: at least one low emissivity surface (103) is provided with a radio signal transmitting first aperture (201 ') to receive electromagnetic energy and to radiate the received electromagnetic energy in a first polarization, and at least one low-emissivity surface (103) is provided with a radio signal transmitting second aperture (201 ") to receive electromagnetic energy energy and to radiate the received electromagnetic energy in a second polarization in such a way that the first and the second polarization are intersected.

Description

Insulating glass unit

The subject of the invention

The present invention relates to an insulating glass element which encloses at least two glass panes and a selection space therefrom, at least one of which has a low-emptying surface.

The invention further relates to an arrangement for appealing electromagnetic signals to a blind spot created by a building element based on narrow aperture diffraction.

The invention further relates to an arrangement in which an insulating glass element is arranged to receive and re-transmit electromagnetic signals in at least two intersecting polarizations.

Background of the Invention

The construction industry's goals for passive and zero energy houses have led to a situation where high-performance heat insulation strongly suppresses signals from cellular phones and other wireless systems, which can make it even impossible to use a cellphone inside the building. There are many reasons for this suppression, but one of the causes is the so-called. the use of selective glasses, where the windows are coated with electrically conductive coatings, i.e. matalaemissiviteettipinnoitteilla.

Communication between wireless communication devices such as cell phones, tablets, or sensors classified as Internet of Things (IOT) is based on the ability to receive, read, and read information related to electromagnetic energy, i.e., the power of propagating electromagnetic waves. . The controlled combining of information into a part of an electromagnetic wave is called modulation, while the controlled discharge of this information from an electromagnetic wave is called demodulation. A single discrete sinusoidal frequency component which is part of the electromagnetic spectrum can be called an electromagnetic signal. Alternatively, in some contexts, the electromagnetic signal may also be referred to as a defined portion of the electromagnetic spectrum which comprises a combination of discrete frequency components which carry the entire amount of electromagnetic energy transmitted in the download.

Most of the electromagnetic spectrum bands currently used by mobile phones are classified in the UHF frequency band (300 MHz to 3GHz), and in the increasing range also to SHF frequencies (3-30 GHz). Frequency allocations for new short-range mobile communications are also planned in the EHF range (30-300 GHz).

Wireless communication can be either one-way or two-way. Communication of conventional mobile devices with base stations is bidirectional, whereas communication of, for example, wireless sensors can be unidirectional. The operation of such a wireless communication connection is required when the sensitivity of the device receiving the wireless signal is sufficiently low to be below the power level of the received signal. A significant factor affecting the sensitivity of the receiving device is the noise level generated by the device's own electronic circuits; it is difficult to receive signals with power levels below the noise level without losing some of the signal information. Also, the summing of the electromagnetic interference caused by the receiver environment to the received signal can reduce the quality of the communication connection and cause connection problems.

The power level of the signal to be received is affected, for example, by providing transmit power of the device to be received and, in the case of mobile networks, by designing a base station communications network sufficiently dense. However, building attenuation, which is a significant disadvantage to this communication connection, is a particularly challenging problem because it significantly weakens the functionality of wireless communication connections in building walls. In typical Mata wave energy buildings, the attenuations measured may be, for example, between 20 and 50 dB. By way of comparison, every six decibel (6 dB) increase in transmit power on average doubles the link selection in free space. In a counterweight situation, it can be stated that each additional six decibel attenuation in the mean halves the maximum theoretical connection range. Building suppression is thus a significant disadvantage in designing wireless link spacing, and cannot be compensated for by usage reasons simply by increasing transmit power. In addition, at least the other device, such as a cellular telephone, is a battery-operated device, and to maximize battery life, transmissions are always minimized.

Conventionally, signals from wireless systems can blaze through windows of buildings, but electrical conductive low-activity coatings block these signal paths. In addition, electromagnetic signals for windows have previously been able to penetrate the walls of buildings, but aluminum-coated heat insulation panels, which are now commonly used in walls, effectively prevent the passage of signals into the building. Also, reinforcements in concrete structures, in combination with electrically high-density cement, can attenuate electromagnetic signals, whereby the signal strength may also be too weak to pass through the blade of such a structure to provide sufficient signal strength on the other side of the structure.

Attempts have been made to solve this problem by, for example, a passive antenna system which encapsulates two separate antennas and a transmission line connecting these two antennas. However, the challenge of a passive antenna repeater is that, in order to operate, even at a tremendous level, it must be accurately directed towards the operator's base station.

Other solutions are also known, such as Frequency Selective Surface (FSS), in which periodic lattice structures are formed over a wide area of the glass to reduce the glass flattening of the glass. Frequency-selective surfaces formed on glass surfaces are planar, two-dimensional filters that can be designed as either band-stop, band-pass, over-fast, or under-fast filters. Frequency-selective surfaces are also well known in the art of selective glasses. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,364,685 A to Central Glass Company, periodic discontinuous portions, such as incision-like slits or lattice FSS filters, are formed on a laminated selective glass to improve flattening of a electromagnetic signal. Also in US 6,730,389 B2 FSS filters are formed on the surface of a selective film to solve the same problem. Typical topologies used in FSS filter elements include various loops, as in US 8,633,866 B2.

For frequency-selective surfaces formed on glass surfaces, the first technical problem is the large processing area they require. Removal of the coating can be accomplished, for example, by laser, etching, or mechanical working. The coating removal device must be capable of processing the selective surface both in the width direction and in the longitudinal direction of the glass. In continuous-mass production, this is technically difficult to accomplish with the precision and speed required by the process. The widespread frequency-selective surface of the extensive processing industry is also a highly visible eye defect in the window glass.

The frequency-selective surfaces formed on the surface of the glasses also have another technical problem due to the low electrical conductivity of the selective surface. Frequency-selective surfaces made on the surface of typical metals such as aluminum or copper can achieve very low smoothing damping for the electromagnetic signal. However, the frequency-selective surface ordered on the glass selective surface has significantly higher resistive charges, which appears as a reduction in the surface blurring cavity. For example, the surface resistances of low-emissivity surfaces used on glass surfaces can be, for example, in the range of 10-100 jos / square, although in some cases also somewhat less and in some cases much higher. The wide range of surface resistances is due to the wide application of coatings. Some of the low-emissivity coatings are used in the gas-insulated space of the lampshade element, while some are used in the outer layers of the lampshades or laminated between two glass sheets. In a generally gas-insulated space, a so-called. soft film, while the outer glass surfaces use so-called "soft" film. hard film mm. to eliminate the strain on the window caused by open air and cleaning. Coatings on the outermost glass surfaces can affect, for example, the amount of light blurring, solar energy filtering, or fogging of the glasses.

The frequency-selective surfaces formed on the surface of the glasses also have a third technical problem due to the effect of increasing the size of the flattening aperture on the summing of the flattening waves. In use, this is reflected in that the reflection pattern formed by the surface, which can also be antenna-technically imaged, is usually defined in a narrow beam in a single maximum direction, where the maximum orientation orientation is determined by the direction of the incoming electromagnetic wave. Frequency-selective surface flattening properties typically decrease when the electromagnetic signal illuminating the surface arrives from a non-primary maximum direction. In other words, if the surface flattening properties are optimized for an electromagnetic signal coming from, for example, the normal direction of the glass surface, due to its symmetry, the directional pattern of its flattening electromagnetic wave focuses on the interior of the relatively narrow beam. This is not a favorable feature for improving indoor coverage of a cellular network because the location of the base stations and the location of the wireless device are both unknown and unpredictable. In deployment, sweeping can be effective only in individual cases where both the base station outdoor position and the wireless device inside the building are in carefully selected directions.

The planar frequency-selective surface formed on the selective surface of the glass surface has the same technical properties as the large light aperture without the selective film. In use, this means that the electromagnetic wave diffraction from the aperture in question operates in a manner similar to a wide aperture in which the aperture has a width of several wavelengths. The diffraction pattern caused by the wide aperture differs significantly from the diffraction pattern of the narrow aperture.

Minimizing the wireless communication signal is often the primary means of improving the quality of the connection, or at least creating the conditions for wireless connection in the shadow areas. Modern wireless communication systems are also capable of increasing the quality of wireless communication through the selection of multiple parallel communication channels in which parallel channels are created on physically unrelated propagation channels. This approach has already become an almost indispensable part of modern systems, such as those used in the diversity technologies of 3G and 4G networks, as well as 4G and future 5G (IMT-2020) networks Multi (Multiple Input - Multiple Output) and Massive MIMO technologies. . MIMO techniques are based on uncorrelated data streams created by multiple transmit and receive antennas. Techniques can be used to improve connectivity problems due to multipath propagation (diversity gain), or to increase the capacity and spectral efficiency of the wireless communication channel, thereby increasing the maximum data transfer rate that can be achieved within a specified time.

The wireless transmission itself is a constantly changing environment in terms of time and place, and is a very harmful environment for the wireless signal. However, multipath propagation can be leveraged to enhance the connection. The starting point for exploiting diversity and MIMO technologies is the rich scattering environment. There are always multipath components, but there are major differences between scattering environments. One of the major structural challenges of building interiors that weakens the scattering environment is the very limited signal directions. By contrast, the building envelope is conventionally capable of receiving substantially more multipath-enhanced signal components than the filtering of damping wall structures inside the building, from virtually all open open spaces.

One way to enhance the scattering environment inside a building is to ensure scattering of signals from a base station network outside the building from multiple locations and directions. Multiple directions both mean the use of multiple apertures in single room wall structures, but also the consideration of multiple exterior directions of entry.

Another way to improve the scattering environment inside a building is to ensure that more signals arriving in non-correlated polarizations are scattered throughout the room.

The rich scattering environment inside the buildings, based on the external base station network, is a particularly effective way to improve the quality of indoor coverage. Diversion-based wireless communication devices are capable of operating at lower signal strengths than non-diversity-receiving wireless devices when uncorrected signal streams are brought inside a building.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One object of the present invention is to provide an improved insulating glass element in which the above-mentioned drawbacks have been substantially eliminated. The present invention is based on the idea that radial signal flattening apertures for transmitting polarized slot fracture arrays are provided on the low surface of the insulating glass element to reduce the flattening damping of the electromagnetic signal and to conduct the electromagnetic waves from one side to the insulating glass. More evenly, the present invention is essentially characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing part of the accompanying claim 1.

The present invention enhances the low-surface-area-of-electrode conductivity of a electromagnetic signal based on narrow aperture diffraction, whereby a wider electromagnetic wave coverage than a wide aperture diffraction can be introduced into the blind spot formed inside the building.

In addition, the present invention compensates poorly for the power loss of the low conductivity surface, which is typically caused by the electric conductor, by increasing the signal flattening efficiency on a coherent wavefront formed by a plurality of focused slit radiators.

The present invention enhances the flattening of an electromagnetic signal over a low conductivity surface electrically conductive surface by creating a virtual aperture formed by a low emitting surface radiation source having an effective electromagnetic energy receiving surface greater than a low emitting conductivity surface.

The present invention further enhances the low-surface-area-of-electrode conductivity of the electromagnetic signal based on narrow-aperture diffraction, whereby a broader electromagnetic-wave-coverage coverage can be introduced into the blind spot formed by the use of known solutions.

The operation of the device of the present invention is based on re-radiation of the electromagnetic energy received from the electromagnetic planar surface in the low-cavity surface as a combination of a plurality of concentrated waves in which part of the received electromagnetic wave Coherent transmission from multiple mutually reinforcing concentrated sources compensates for the weakening of the Hyo ratio due to the resistive conductive surface.

The operation of the device of the present invention is further based on the operation of crevice radiators formed as low-level surface as point-centered radiative bays, where preferably a coherent submerged surface formed by crevice radiators disposed below the operating frequency is summed in the desired sweeping direction. The preferred direction of creep with the insulating glass element connected to the insulating glass element is a horizontal plane in which the wavefront formed by the insulating glass element forms a flat directional pattern. In the horizontal plane, the maximally wide directional pattern, both inside and outside the insulating glass, effectively receives the base station signal from the horizon, and creates a wide indoor coverage on the insulating glass element of the wall-mounted window in a horizontal plane.

A locally concentrated radiation source is seen as a punctate radiation source when the electromagnetic wave it emits is viewed in its far field. For example, the wavelength, half wavelength, or, for example neljannesaallon sateilylahde scale is seen to be a point source of radiation tea, when the wave front emitted by looking at sufficient distance, in other words, kaukokentassa.

The purpose of the present invention is to enhance the quality and capacity of indoor wireless communications based on an external base station network in buildings by increasing the number of non-correlating channel channels flattening the building envelope. The device of the present invention improves the scattering environment inside a building by receiving two electromagnetic signals incoming in cross polarization from the building envelope, and re-transmitting these two electromagnetic signals received in cross polarization into the interior of the building.

An embodiment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention employs two apertures flattening crosswise polarized radio signals.

In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, an aperture of two circularly polarized radio signals is flattened in which the directions of rotation of the polarizations are perpendicular.

Description of the drawings

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which

Figures 1a to 1d show private examples of lampshade elements,

Figure 2a shows the diffraction of an electromagnetic wave from a wide aperture,

Fig. 2b shows, by way of example, a batch known planar frequency-selective filter having a physical width of several wavelengths, the aperture flattening the electromagnetic signal,

Figure 2c illustrates diffraction of an electromagnetic wave at a narrow aperture according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

Fig. 2d illustrates an embodiment of a radio signal flattening aperture in a structure similar to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 3 illustrates a solution according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which a narrow linear opening is oriented in the direction of an incoming plane wave field vector orthogonally,

Figures 4a and 4b show an example of a coherent wave front caused by a plurality of concentrated rainbows surrounded by a narrow aperture,

Fig. 5a illustrates a fractured rainfall array arranged in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention for cross-polarization,

Figure 5b illustrates a slit array of slit radiators arranged in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention for circular polarization,

Figures 6a-6d illustrate narrow slot openings in accordance with preferred embodiments of the present invention, and

Figures 7a and 7b show slit radiators arranged in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the concentrated radiators formed by narrow linear opening are arranged to operate in two polarizations.

Detailed Description of the Invention

1a shows a typical insulating glass element 100. The insulating glass element 100 is a structure that combines at least two glass panels 102 connected to each other such that at least one substantially expressive selection space is divided between them. Insulating glass can also be used as a sealed glass. The energy-efficient airtight structure is formed through the edges of the glass sheets, whereby the edges of the glass pack consisting of the glass sheets are sealed with a sealant 107, such as by means of various elastic masses. Laminated glass can also be used in conjunction with an insulating glass element, as is often the case in façade structures or train windows. Figure 1b shows an insulating glass element 100 made of laminated glass sheets 102.

As glass panes 102, various glasses optimized for different applications can be used as required, for coloring and alloying, surface treatment, thickness, sound, or even rain protection.

Between the glasses, a mechanically separating screen 104 is used to form an insulating screen 105 between the glass panels 102. The screen 104 may be made of either metal, plastic, composite or other suitable material. Butyl or polysulphide adhesive is often used as the elastic bonding compound for sealant 107, but other materials may also be used. Typical thicknesses of the selection strip 104 are, for example, 9, 12, and 15 mm, but other thicknesses are also used. There are also insulating glass elements which do not use a separate mold strip between them, but the physical separation of the glass sheets is effected, for example, by plastic extrusion strips.

Insulating glass element 100 in airtight mode 105 may use lammonisolation enhancing filler 106 106 such as krypton, argon, or xeon, but airtight mode 105 may also include a vacuum.

At least one of the insulating glass element at least one glass panel 102 is provided with a low-emptying surface 103 which enhances the lamella isolation of the insulating glass element 100. For low-emissivity surfaces, a generic name-selective film is used for glasses, and for glasses with such coatings, a generic-name selective glass is used. There is a wide range of low activity surfaces available for a variety of applications. As electrically conductive metal or metal oxide surfaces, they inhibit signals from wireless communication devices by strongly attenuating electromagnetic waves. Coatings are added to the glasses in so-called. on-line and off-line.

The purpose of low-level surfaces is generally to fasten the sun's short-wave heat rain to the room space, and accordingly to prevent the long-distance indoor rain from leaving the building. Other low-emitting surfaces, on the other hand, are designed to influence the amount of sunlight and heating effect. Sunscreen is a commonly used generic name for tall glasses.

In addition, fire retardant layers, such as laminated silicate layers, or flame retardant gels may be used in the lamp glass elements.

In a typical manufacturing process for an insulating glass element, a low-shrinkage coating 103 is removed from the peripheral regions of the glass sheet 102, usually by mechanical means. At this point, adhesion of sealant 107 to the surface of glass sheet 102 in uncoated regions 108 is intensified to create a substantially airtight seal 105.

Figure 1c further illustrates a window frame 101 which is part of a window, glass facade, or wall structure to which insulating glass element 100 is intended to be mounted. Fig. 1d shows one alternative embodiment in which the lamp glass element 100 encloses two select spaces 105, three glass sheets 102, and in which the low-emptying surface 103 is formed on the surface of the middle glass sheet.

Electromagnetic wave polarization

The polarization level of the electromagnetic wave is determined according to the level of the electric field of the wave. The polarization of the wave can be either linear, elliptic, cross or circular polarization. Linear polarization delimits a single direction of alternating electric field variation in which the amplitude of the polarization component perpendicular to it is significantly smaller. In elliptical polarization, the electric field bounds the Poynting vector to the alternating direction of the electric field, which is perpendicular to the plane, and in addition to the smaller electric field. The intensities of the two polarization components are described by the so-called iso-axis and pic-axis components. In use, few radio beams remain purely linearly polarized, even if transmitted as they are, because numerous path reflections, refractions, and diffractions modify the characteristics of the signal along its path.

In cross-polarization, the wave typically carries two orthogonally variable electric field components. This is a particularly important form of polarization in modern telecommunication applications, since two orthogonal polarizations are capable of transmitting almost uncorrelated communication channels simultaneously.

A more special form than cross polarization is circular polarization. The circular polarization harbors two electric field vectors, typically of the same amplitude, and waves of the same information transmitted with a 90 degree phase difference. The electric field of a circularly polarized wave rotates as the wave propagates, and the direction of wave rotation depends on the sign of the phase difference of the summing polarization components. The two circularly polarized beams may be mutually perpendicular to each other in opposite directions of rotation. Tays orthogonal circle polarizations are uncorrelated.

For example, a circularly polarized spread may be formed by two orthogonal, linearly polarized antennas, or a group of antennas having separate polarization components divided by the same message signal, for example a power divider, and having a 90 ° phase difference applied to the subcomponents. An alternative way of implementing the phased subcomponents of a circular polarized slice is, for example, to use a hybrid for both splitting and phasing with the same component. Also, a circularly polarized antenna can implement a circularly polarized spread without the signal being distributed before the antenna. In that case, the antenna element itself is capable of forming two orthogonal polarization components of the same signal, and has a phase difference between them.

Specifically, the la and diversity utilization of the base station antennas have well-established linear cross-polarization transmitting levels at -45 ° and + 45 ° polarization levels, which can be transduced to orthogonal transitions. In addition, Hyo-dynamics of orthogonal circular polarized legends in the signaling of wireless communication devices is particularly effective. For example, so-called "antenna beams" take advantage of narrow antennas. Massive ΜΙΜΟ technology could also utilize orthogonal circularly polarized signal streams.

Planar wave plan

The electromagnetic wave propagating far enough from the transmitter, or more precisely the discrete frequency components contained therein, can be processed as a plane wave. The electric and magnetic field vectors alternating in the propagating plane wave are perpendicular to each other, and these alternate in the so-called propagation direction. Poynting is placed in a plane perpendicular to the vector. The relationship between electric and magnetic field intensities is described by wave impedance. Usually, the electromagnetic signal received from the base station to the outer envelope of the building can be thought of as a plane wave 301 (Fig. 2a), although reflections from the outside of the wall by the battery may modify the characteristics of the signal.

The plane of polarization of the plane wave 301 is determined according to the electric field vector 308 it encapsulates. The plane wave 301 can fold the electric field vector 308 'in the first polarization (Fig. 3), and it may further fold the electric field vector 308 "in the second polarization, with the electric field vectors 308' and 308 'alternating in the first and second polarization. Additionally, the alternating electric field vectors 308 'and 308' in the first and second polarization may be mutually orthogonal.

The plane wave 301 'can be defined as the plane wave 301, which carries the electromagnetic energy transmitted in the first polarization in the interaction of the alternating electric field vector 308' and the orthogonal magnetic field oscillation.

The plane wave 301 "can be defined as the plane wave 301, which carries the electromagnetic energy transmitted in the second polarization by the alternating sah cation vector 308" and the orthogonal magnetic field alternation interaction.

The plane wave 301 may fold two electric field vectors 308 'and 308 "in alternating polarization, whereby the plane waves 301' and 301 'illustrate the propagation of the polarized wavefronts in the first and second polarization, and these may proceed in parallel.

The plane wave wavefronts 301 'and 301' may also arrive from independent directions, so that either plane wave wavefront 301 'or 301' may more generally be described by plane wave 301.

Electromagnetic diffraction from aperture (narrow versus wide aperture)

For the sake of clarity, the aperture 201 flattening the radio signal is defined. Aper is generally any aperture or aperture. In this connection, the aperture 201 flattening the radio signal on the low-emptying surface 103 folds a surface which, when flattened, the electromagnetic signal experiences a significantly lower flattening resistance than the aperture-exposed areas in the same material or structure.

The radio signal flattening aperture 201 on the low ejection surface 103 encloses an area which further fuses mechanical or artificial methods to enhance the electromagnetic signal flattening. The artificial method in this connection is to utilize the energy generated by the electromagnetic signal by generating concentrated radiation sources 303 which are activated from the electromagnetic energy signal by generating concentrated radiation sources 303 with low conductivity surface 103. These new radiation sources emit electromagnetic energy to the low-side surface 103 of the shadows. When exposed to a low-emptying surface 103, the electromagnetic signal flattens the radio-aperture aperture 201 formed thereon with significantly less flutter resistance than when the low-emptiness surface 103 exits the radio-signal-aperturing aperture 201.

Figure 2a shows the diffraction of an electromagnetic wave from a wide aperture, and Figure 2c shows a diffraction of an electromagnetic wave in a narrow aperture according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2a illustrates the arrival of plane wave 301 in a glass plate 102 enclosed by a low-emitting surface 103 in a situation where a wide aperture is arranged in a low-emitting surface 103. A wide aperture refers to an aperture that is 309 in width. The wide aperture can be realized in this connection, for example, by a planar frequency-selective filter 109, or by dividing the glass plate 102 without coating.

Figure 2b illustrates an exemplary known frequency-selective filter 109 having a physical width 305 of electromagnetic signal flattening aperture of several wavelengths. In the case of the example of Figure 2a, the wireless communication devices 401 ', 401 ", and 401"' located in the unknown room in the room state receive signal coverage only in random situations where the incoming electromagnetic plane wave 301 does not experience significant shading. In the case of the example, the wireless communication device 40T 'receives obliquely incoming electromagnetic plane wave 301, but the wireless communication devices 401' and 401 ', which are obscured, cannot establish a reliable wireless connection to the base station due to the narrow transmit sector 307.

Fig. 2c illustrates an arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which electromagnetic energy received in first and second polarization received from planar wave 301 is re-rained and effectively applied to a room space in a wide aperture diffuser 307.

The glass plate 102 comprised in matalaemissiviteettipintaan 103 is formed narrow, having a width preferably a length of radio signals of less than half the wave length of the permeable aperture 201 '(Figure 2d) the plurality of tightly-radiation source-na 303' a working slot radiator 207. The radio signals can penetrate the aperture 201 'is comprised by a slot radiator 207 is polarized in a first polarization, and arranged as a gap radiator array which is activated as a radiation source by the electromagnetic energy transmitted by the electromagnetic plane wave 301 it receives.

The glass plate 102 comprised in matalaemissiviteettipintaan 103 further defines a second narrow, having a width preferably less than a half wavelength long radio signal permeable aperture 201 'in from the plurality of radiation source 303' a working slot radiator 207 '. The slit radiators 207 'punctured by the radio-signaling aperture 201 "are polarized for the first polarization in a direction perpendicular to the second polarization, and arranged as a slit group which is activated as a source of radiation by an electromagnetic plane 301 transmitted by the electromagnetic plane.

Fig. 2d illustrates how the radio signal flattening aperture 20T implemented with slit radiators 207 and the radio signal flattening aperture 201 'can be implemented in a structure similar to a preferred embodiment of the present invention where the insulating glass element 100 in the first polarization aperture 201 "where the first and second polarization are crossed.

For the sake of clarity, a radio flattening aperture 201 is generally defined to denote either a polarized radio flare aperture 201 'in a first polarization or a second polarized radio flare aperture 201'. Similarly, the physical width 305 of the aperture is defined to represent the aperture width 305 'of either the first polarization polarized radio signal or the aperture width 305' of the second polarization.

The physical width 201 of the radio signals can penetrate the aperture 305 is preferably less than half a wavelength long. In order to obtain a narrow aperture diffraction pattern and to minimize rain zeroes in the transmitting sector 307, the incoming plane wave 301 must illuminate the entire radio signal flattening aperture 201 as it advances at most one wavelength 309 from the first stationary region to the first stationary wave . To illustrate this, a non-limiting example is the 800 MHz frequency range, where narrow apertures are, for example, widths of 5 mm, 10 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm, and 150 mm. For clarity, it is noted that the physical width 305 of the radio-flattening aperture 201 shown in Fig. 2d is defined in the direction of the X-axis shown in the figure, and the height of the radio-flattening aperture 201 is determined in the Y-axis, respectively. To achieve sufficient directivity, the height of the aperture 201 flattening the radio signal must be at least one operating frequency wavelength 309.

The narrow aperture diffraction pattern in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in Figure 2c by the broad transmit sector 307, where the concentrated radiation source 303 depicts, depending on the context, either the first polarized radio signal, 303 ”, where the first and second polarization are crossed.

In the situation illustrated by the example, the wireless communication devices 40T, 401 ", and 401 '" in unknown directions in FIG. 2c are now more likely to have a sufficient connection to the base station because the energy from the base station signal is spread over wide transmit sector 307.

Now, the radio signal is permeable aperture according to the present invention relates 201 make the most narrow aperture diffraction, and is preferably less than half a wavelength long in the physical widths of the Refinements 305. It is mentioned that the aperture can also be a multi-band structure, or it can act as broadband-fold. In this case, the preferred maximum aperture width is determined by the lowest operating frequency wavelength 309.

The radio signal flattening aperture 201 according to the present invention may stack several concentrated radiation sources 303 side by side in the direction determined by the physical width 305 of the aperture. At that time, the electromagnetic wave fluttering a low-emitting activity surface 103 forms an interference pattern that defines the uses of the transmission sector 307. the interference caused by two sources of radiation 303 from the imposition of lahetyssektorin 307 the beam width can be considered as a broad, uniform, when focusing radiation source at a distance of the aperture width in the direction X is preferably kept less than half the wave length lengths. When the two from the distance between the radiation source is increased as a distance of half a wavelength greater, the interference pattern begins to form a plurality of zero and maxima and their number increases with increasing distance between the radiation source. Multiple zeros in the transmission sector 307 would cause potential interconnection in shaded areas. In addition, in the transmission sector 307 defined by the plurality of zero and maximum positions, the wireless communication device 401 could, when moving, switch between base stations more frequently than the state defined by the wide and uniform transmission sector 307 implemented by the insulating glass element of the present invention.

As an essential difference between the wide aperture and the present narrow aperture, the following can be mentioned. Preferably, the electromagnetic planar wave 301 emitted by the base station transmitted from the horizon illuminates the area of the radio-flattening aperture 201 as it passes at most one wavelength 309 across the aperture, irrespective of whether the electromagnetic ortho

Plane wave herate at low ejection surface

When the electromagnetic plane wave 301 encounters the electrically conductive low-emissivity surface 103, some of the energy of the wave is reflected back to its upstream or other directions, where reflected reflected wave front 306 continues to propagate, and some of the wave energy is transformed into a lamb.

Fig. 3 and Figs. 4a and 4b show the encounter of the wavefront of the electric field vector 308 encircled by the plane wave 301 with the low emission surface 103. The oscillation period of the electric field vector 308 of the propagating wavefront is one wavelength 309. During one alternating cycle, the phase angle of the electric field vector changes by 360 degrees. In the first polarization, the polarized planar wave front 301 'bounds the wavelength 309', and in the second polarization, the polarized plane wave front 301 'bounds the wavelength 309'.

In a situation such as the one, preferably, the electromagnetic planar wave 301 arriving from the horizon arrives at a random azimuth angle 311. In the first polarization, the polarized plane wave front 301 'arrives at the azimuth angle 31T, and in the second polarization, the plane wave W1.

The alternating electric field of the incoming plane wave 301 causes the electron to move at the same frequency in a conductive surface. Electron sweat is compressed on the outer surfaces of the conductor surface, forming a surface current pattern that alternates on the conductor surface. The local surface current vector 214 bounded by the surface current is always perpendicular to the magnetic field in the direction of the surface. On the surface of a real electric conductor, the electric field parallel to the surface is completely wavering. The surface resistance of the non-ideal conductor surface converts a portion of the energy contained in the signal into a lamp, due to resistive losses. This surface resistance depends on the low-lying surface 103 in use.

In the first polarization, the alternating electric field vector 308 'induces a surface current vector 214' on the low-emitting surface 103. In the second polarization, the alternating electric field vector 308 "induces a shallow surface vector 103 of a low current surface 103."

For the sake of clarity, let us define the azimuth angle parallel to the XZ plane and the elution angle parallel to the YZ plane. incoming azimuth 311 of a plane wave 301 of electromagnetic energy induced pintavirtavektorit 214 form matalaemissiviteettipinnalla 103 flowing into the wide a wave propagating electrons flow movement, which measure the flow pattern of the oscillation is detected the incoming plane wave of wavelength 309 projection 310 matalaemissiviteettipinnassa 103. The incoming plane wave 301 electrical field tavektorin 308 imposed by the plane of polarization also determines the priority matalaemissiviteettipinnassa 103 formed 214 alternate directions of the surface current vectors. The polarization level can be a vertical level, a Horison level, or just between them. The primary direction of travel of the wave pattern propagating as a fluctuating surface current mat on a low ejection surface 103 is determined by the incoming direction of the incoming planar wave 301 acting as a wake. The wave induced by the electromagnetic energy of the incoming plane wave 301 causes the charge current vectors 214 to be charged at the low-emitting surface 103 in the polarization determined by the incoming wave electric field vector 308. In addition to this polarization and flow direction, the low-emptivity surface 103 exhibits a secondary surface current movement primarily caused by the electron flux motion induced by the surface-induced surface current vectors 214. This typically appears as circular currents that mainly flow in areas that are not primarily illuminated by the electric field vector 308 of the incoming plane wave 301. Surface flow return current conventionally produces loop-like flow patterns.

The slit streamer array 202 formed by narrow radial openings 203 enclosed by a radio signal flattening aperture 201 of the present invention is based on appropriate interruption of the flow paths of the surface current vectors 214.

The narrow linear opening 203 of the present invention is arranged to effect a flow on the flow of the surface current vector 214 induced by the electric field vector 308 such that the first positive charge distribution 208 is formed on the first edge of the 203 on the other side, and therebetween, a electric motor force 204 acting on a narrow linear opening 203 acting in the electric non-conducting region 204. The present electric motor force 204 acts as a centralized radiation source 303 for re-radiating electromagnetic energy to the insulating glass element 100.

matalaemissiviteettipintaan 103 arranged to radio signals can penetrate the aperture according Now, the present invention relates 201 'is arranged to receive and uudelleensateilemaan electromagnetic energy from the first polarization, wherein the first polarization process comprising the electric field vector 308' provides 203 of electricity for the first polarization direction of the electromotive can-man 204 'matalaemissiviteettipintaan arranged to narrow the stripe-shaped opening of a non-conductive region. The resultant electric motor power 204 'is arranged to produce a resonant circuit along with an opening-circulating current loop 210', which in the first polarization acts as a polarized concentrated source 303 '.

The radio frequency flattening aperture 201 'arranged in the low-emitting surface 103 of the present invention is arranged to receive and re-radiate electromagnetic energy in a second polarization, wherein the electric field vector 308 encoded by the second polarization provides a second-order parallelism. The resultant electric motor force 204 "is arranged to produce a resonant circuit along with an aperture current loop 210" which acts as a polarized concentrated radiation source 303 "in the second polarization.

By appropriately interrupting the flow of the surface current vector 214 on the low-emitting surface 103 by either interrupting or redirecting the flow of the current, a plurality of electromotor forces 204 induced by electromagnetic magnetic resonance fractures are induced. This set of electric motors forms a crevice radiator array 202 consisting of concentrated radiation sources 303.

Examining the effect of a single narrow linear opening 203 on the surface current vector 214, it can be noted that while the surface current induced electric field vector 308 continues to influence the electron motion of the conductor surface, the current path 214 opening 203 is oriented orthogonally to incoming plane wave 301 electric field vector 308. Such an opening provides two symmetrical current loops 210 rotating the opening 203 which rotate the narrow linear opening 203 on both sides thereof.

The current loop 210 circulating the narrow linear opening 203, together with the electric motor force 204, forms a resonant circuit which enables the narrow linear opening to function as an efficient rainbow. The dimensions of the narrow linear opening 203 are resonated at the operating frequency of the incoming electromagnetic energy carrier plane 301, whereby the narrow linear opening 203 forms an effectively raining slit rainer 207 which re-wet the received electromagnetic plane wave 301.

The narrow linear opening in the low edge surface 203 may be defined as the opening in the low conductivity surface on the electric conductive surface, wherein the opening on the electrical conductive surface causes substantial electrical conductivity loss in the opening selected two sections of the borderline. It is mentioned by way of example, but not by way of example, that a narrow linear opening can be, for example, 10 to 100 µm wide and 20 to 50 mm long, for example. The width of the narrow linear opening can also be 0.5 to 2 mm, for example. In addition, for private mechanical devices, the width of the narrow linear opening can be 5-10 mm.

The narrow linear opening can be accomplished by any method suitable for the purpose, but conventional methods include mechanical working such as grinding. Other methods include laser treatment or a chemical method such as etching that substantially weakens the electrical conductivity of the conductive coating. By way of example, a method is mentioned in which the electrical conductivity of the coating is reduced by printing the desired pattern on a low-emptying surface and then burning the pattern in a high temperature state.

A narrow aperture surrounded by a group of concentrated rainbows as a coherent wavefront contributor

202 comprise a radio signal Rakosateilijaryhman permeable aperture 201 emits a narrow aperture based on the diffraction of the wave-front lahetyssekto its Rx 307. The radio signals can penetrate the aperture of the physical width 305 is preferably less than half a wavelength long. Preferably, then the base station to transmit the incoming horizon as an electromagnetic plane wave 301 of the wavefront illuminates the entire radio signals can penetrate the aperture 201 of the surface area of passes up to one, preferably a half-wave length distance of the aperture of the face regardless of whether or not an electromagnetic plane wave 301 matalaemissiviteettipinnan 103 direction of the normal, or whether substantially differing from the azimuthal angle.

The condition described above achieves a situation where the electric field vector 308 of the incoming plane wave 301 illuminates the aperture flattening the entire radio signal almost simultaneously and in phase. This provides the radio signals can penetrate the aperture 201 inside rakosateilijaryhman 202, which each individual slot radiator 207 comprises one phase of the oscillating electromotive force 204. The narrow aperture to comprise rakosateilijaryhma 202, a slot radiator 207 of the oscillating at the same stage, provide a coherent wavefront 302, which is protested in the electromagnetic plane wave 301 to propagate an electromagnetic energy-insulating glass element, 100 to the shaded area on the opposite side.

In the case of a wide aperture, single concentrated radiation bays are formed which do not flutter at the same stage and whose electromagnetic radiation emitted does not form a coherent wave front in the shadow area. The individual aperture radiators engulfed by the wide aperture alternate at different stages and, for this reason, the reflection and radiation pattern produced by the wide aperture is strongly dependent on the angle of incidence of the electromagnetic plane wave that illuminates it. This is a typical technical feature, for example, in the form of wide-aperture planar frequency-selective surfaces.

The present invention utilizes surface currents generated from planar waves on the low emitting surface 103 to form new concentrated radiation emitters 303 such that the electromagnetic wave emitted by the emitters is coherently summed over to the opposite of the low emittance surface by about 90 degrees. Thus, the present invention enables the electromagnetic signal to pass through the low-surface side surface of the low-glass surface element, creating a virtual aperture with an effective surface area larger than the physical openings formed on the low-surface surface. In addition, the insulating glass element 100 of the present invention is capable of receiving electromagnetic energy from a maximum wide horizontal beam in space inclined by a plane wave.

Figures 4a and 4b show one example of a coherent wavefront caused by a narrow aperture surrounded by a plurality of concentrated rain sources. Fig. 4a is a top plan view of a coherent wavefront 301 arriving at the surface of an outer glass sheet 102 of insulating glass element 100 having a low-emptivity surface 103 formed on its outer surface 103. These openings form of which electromagnetic energy is precipitated as a coherent wave front 302 formed on the side of the room. Fig. 4b shows a side view of the situation of Fig. 4a. It can be seen that the vertical wavefront 302 spreads substantially at least at the height of the window, but is also very wide in use in this direction and extends substantially throughout the room in height, particularly away from the insulating glass element 100.

The redirected wave 304 emitted by the concentrated radiation source 303 forms a mesh blanket in the shadow area created by the insulating glass element 100.

The energy reception and re-raining of the incoming electromagnetic wave through a plurality of concentrated radiation sources 303 is accomplished by carefully positioned narrow linear openings in the low emptying surface. As described above, the incoming electromagnetic wave generates surface currents in the electrically conductive coating. The direction of the surface currents in the conductor is determined by the magnetic field vector of the incoming wave in the orthogonal direction.

When the direction of the formed surface currents is disrupted by narrow, linear apertures 203 in the low emptying surface, the surface current rotates the formed aperture, mimicking its edges and creating a resonant circuit coupled with the narrow linear aperture 203 acting on the electric motor 204.

Coherent reception and dispatch from multiple crackers

Fig. 5a shows a fractured rainbow group arranged in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention and Fig. 5b shows a fractured rainbow group arranged according to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention. The structure of 5a matalaemissiviteettipintaan 103 is formed with a plurality of narrow, preferably less than half of the width of the wave length scale of radio signals can penetrate apertures 201 'in from the plurality of radiation source 303' a working slot radiator 207. The slot radiators comprise 45-degree and -45 degree polarizations and are linearly polarized. The slit 207 is thus 90 degrees to each other. When the wave front arrives at the direction of the arrow 301 'indicated by the direction in which electric field varah-telee arrows 308' direction, a wavefront propagation perpendicular to the direction of electric field causes the opening to open the mouth of the wavefront traveling-direction edges of the electric field. The other end of the opening is short-circuited, whereby a flowing current loop 210 'is formed around its opening. The arrows 214 'illustrate the surface current vector generated by this electric field on the low-emitting surface 103 further from the slit radiators. Similarly, arrow 301 "indicated by the incoming wave front in the direction of electric field oscillates in the direction of arrows 308 'direction by the electric field causes the opening of the opening direction of travel of the wave front edges of the electric field. This opening is an opening perpendicular to the previous opening with the other end short-circuited. At the opening of this second opening, a current loop 210 "is formed circulating the opening. The arrows 214 "depict the surface current vector generated by this second electric field on the shallow surface surface 103 farther from the slit radiators.

In both of the situations described above, a group of concentrated rainfall bays 303 formed by individual slit radiators 207 forms an incoming plane wave 301 ', 301' of a cohesive wavefront lamp glass element 100 formed by electromagnetic energy in the interior space of the building.

The 5b matalaemissiviteettipintaan pattern 103 is formed of a plurality of narrow, having a width preferably less than a half-wave length scale of radio signals can penetrate apertures. These openings 203 rotate on the low side surface 103 so that the open ends of each opening are adjacent to each other and have a narrow conductive area between them. The apertures of adjacent crevice radiators are at an angle of 45 degrees to each other, whereby these crevice radiators punctuate +45 degrees and -45 degrees polarizations and are linearly polarized. Inside and outside of the matalaemissiviteettipinnan 103 of a short circuit effect. Narrow range to force a zero electric field in those corners. This expands the bandwidth. The openings act as concentrated rain gates 303 '. Which polarization the aperture is capable of receiving and further raining depends on the direction of the incoming wavefront electric field relative to the location of the short circuit in the aperture, i.e., how the electric field is formed around the aperture. When the wavefront encapsulates the aperture polarization-oriented electric field vector, the aperture 203 is activated as a concentrated radiation source 303 polarized according to the electric field vector 308 illuminating it. Instead, the electric field polarized in either direction orthogonal direction does not provide a corresponding electric field around the opening.

Slit radiators such as the one illustrated in Figure 5b can control the intensity of flattening of the circular polarized flap of low-emptying surface 103. A short-circuit shorted by a narrow linear opening 203 folded into an arc defines the zero point of the alternating electric field. By positioning a plurality of such orthogonally polarized slit radiators 207 into groups as shown in Figure 5b, a non-rotationally polarized slice radiator array 202 orthogonal, illuminates oppositely polarized crevices. The flattening of the subcomponents of the circular polarized flap can thus be distributed by the individual slit radiators, whereby they again combine to form a uniform circular polarized wavefront on the opposite side of the low intensity surface 103.

In a situation such as the one described above, the rotational direction of the electric field vector of a flattening circular polarized envelope can be controlled by effecting a change in the positions of the short circuits positioned in the various polarizations.

Functioning of a single narrow linear opening as a concentrated source of rainfall

An arrangement such as a preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention provides a slot radiator array 202 formed by narrow linear openings 203 in a low emptying surface 203, and together with a narrow linear opening 203 serves as a concentrated source of radiation 303.

Fig. 6a illustrates a preferred embodiment of a slit applicator 207 of the present invention, wherein the narrow linear opening 203 is arranged to provide a first positive charge distribution 208, and a first negative charge distribution 209 at the edges of a narrow linear opening 203 a line opening 203 bounded by an edge curve in a non-conductive area. Further, the arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the slit radiator 207 further encloses a short-circuited pole 205 formed by a narrow linear aperture 203, and a current loop 210 circulating the short-circuited pole 205. The present narrow linear opening 203 also encloses a second short-circuited boat 205, as well as a second current loop 210 circulating therethrough.

The resonant dimension 207 to comprise 6a, the, now item according to the present invention relates to a preferred embodiment of such a narrow line-shaped opening 203 formed by a slot radiator 215 is preferably arranged on the incoming side of the wave length of a plane wave 301 of the frequency of oscillation.

Fig. 6b illustrates a preferred embodiment of the slit debris 207 of the present invention, wherein the narrow linear opening 203 is arranged to provide a first positive charge distribution 208, and a first negative charge distribution 209 at the edges of a narrow linear opening 20 a narrow linear opening 203 bounded by an edge curve in a non-conductive area. In addition, a brake arrangement according to an advantageous embodiment of the fractured heater 207 of the present invention provides an ia-overturned boat 205 formed by a narrow linear opening 203, and a current-powered 210 resonant system. The present narrow linear opening 203 also encloses a second short-circuited boat 205 as well as a second current loop 210 circulating therethrough. The arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 6b further includes a narrow linear region 203 bounded by a a positive charge distribution 211, and a second negative charge distribution 212, wherein the present arrangement is arranged to produce two electric motor forces 204, which individually function as concentrated radiation sources 303 and whose induced electromagnetic radiation provides a wave-propagation direct-propagation field 30.

6b the image now featured in the invention, a 203 slot radiator formed by a narrow line-shaped opening according to a preferred embodiment of 207 to comprise a resonant dimension 215 is preferably arranged on the incoming side of the wave length of a plane wave 301 of the frequency of oscillation.

Fig. 6c illustrates a preferred embodiment of the slit rainer 207 of the present invention, wherein a narrow linear opening 203 is arranged to provide a first positive charge distribution 208, and a first negative charge distribution 209 at the edges of a narrow linear opening 203 a narrow linear opening 203 bounded by an edge curve in a non-conductive area. Further, the arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the slit radiator 207 further comprises a short circuit short circuit 205 formed by a narrow linear opening 203, and a current loop 210 connected to the slit radiator 205. The present narrow linear opening 203 also encloses a second short-circuited boat 205 as well as a second current loop 210 circulating therethrough. The arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 6c further includes a narrow linear region 203 bounded by a a positive charge distribution 211, and a second negative charge distribution 212, wherein the present arrangement employs two electric motor forces 204 which individually act as concentrated radiation sources 303 and whose induced electromagnetic radiation forms a coherent waveguide array 302, between a second positive charge distribution 211 and a second negative voltage charge 212.

The 6c forward, now featured in the invention, a 203 slot radiator formed by a narrow line-shaped opening according to a preferred embodiment of 207 to comprise a resonant dimension 215 is preferably arranged on the incoming side of the wave length of a plane wave 301 of the frequency of oscillation.

Fig. 6d illustrates a preferred embodiment of the slit rainer 207 of the present invention, wherein the narrow linear opening 203 is arranged to provide a first positive charge distribution 208 and a first negative charge distribution 209 at the edges of a narrow linear opening 203 bounding the edge of the curve in a non-conductive area. Further, the arrangement according to an advantageous embodiment of the slit rainer 207 disclosed therein encloses a short-circuited pole 205 formed by a narrow linear opening 203, and a current loop 210 circulating the short-circuited pole 205.

The electric motor force 204 and the current loop 210 applied to it by the slit radiator form a resonant system alternating with a resonant frequency. The present narrow linear opening 203 also encloses an open boot 206 which is preferably coupled to the edge of the low ejection surface 103. In an arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the narrow curved opening 203 of the peripheral curve forms a uniform edge curve with low edge surface 103. The arrangement according to a preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 6d further includes a region of low edge surface 103 located in an area delimited by an edge curve of a narrow linear region 203 arranged to form a second positive charge distribution 211 and a second negative charge distribution 212, respectively. function as a concentrated radiation source 303 and whose induced electromagnetic radiation forms a coherent wave front 302 propagating in the blind area.

The 6d forward, now featured in the invention, a 203 slot radiator formed by a narrow line-shaped opening according to a preferred embodiment of 207 to comprise a resonant dimension 215 is preferably arranged on the incoming side of the wave length of a plane wave 301 of the frequency of oscillation.

Dual polarized and multi-frequency structures

Figs. 7a and 7b show a slot embodiment 207 arranged in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the concentrated array sources 303 formed by a narrow linear opening 203 are arranged to operate in two polarizations.

Fig. 7a shows a fracture heater which folds two cross polarization components on a low-emptivity surface 103, and Fig. 7b shows a fracture heater which folds two cross-polarization components at low operating surface 103.

The arrangement of Fig. 7a mounts a low emitter surface 103 to a fractured rain radiator 207, wherein the narrow linear aperture 203 in the low emanation surface is arranged to produce an incremental negative charge and a first positive charge and a current loop 210 'circulating the shorted edge of the opening 203. A second positive charge distribution 21T 'and a second negative charge distribution 212' are formed at the edge of the electric conductive region delimited by the narrow linear opening 203 such that within the electric non-conductive region delimited by the narrow linear opening 203 there are two alternating with the circulating current loops 210 ', in the first polarization, form an alternating resonant circuit which acts as a concentrated radiation source 303' polarized parallel to the incoming plane wave vector 308 '.

The arrangement of Fig. 7a further mounts a low emitter surface 103 with a slit aperture 207 in which the narrow linear aperture 203 in the low emitter surface is arranged to produce a first negative positive distribution and a negative first distribution, 203 short-circuited power loops 210 ”. Also, a second positive charge distribution 211 "is formed at the edge of the electric conductive region delimited by the narrow linear opening 203, and a second negative charge distribution 212", such that two electric motor motors the aperture current loops 210 "in a second polarization form an alternating resonant circuit serving as a concentrated radiation source 303" polarized parallel to the incoming planar wave electric field vector 308 ".

Fig. 7b shows, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a crosstalker 207 which folds two cross polarization components at two operating frequencies on a low emptying surface 103.

Figure 7b according to the arrangement comprises matalaemissiviteettipintaan 103 arranged to the slot radiator 207, a narrow line-shaped opening 203 matalaemissiviteettipinnassa is arranged to generate a first operating frequency of the first arriving polarized wave electric field vector 308 'from the first polarization direction and in a first operating frequency in the same phase of the oscillating electromotive forces 204', which electromotive forces 204 'caused by operating the formation of charge distributions, as well as current loops 210 circulating therethrough in the low-emptying surface 103 are formed as previously described.

The 7b of the arrangement also comprises a matalaemissiviteettipintaan 103 arranged to the slot radiator 207, a narrow line-shaped opening 203 matalaemissiviteettipinnassa the previous further configured to generate a first operating frequency of the incoming second polarization plane wave electric field 308 of the "second polarization direction and in the first operating frequency of the electromotive forces of the vibrating the same in step 204," where the electromotive force 204 "The formation of charge distributions which cause the charges, as well as the current loops 210 circulating therewith in the low-emptying surface 103 are formed as described previously.

The 7b of the arrangement also comprises a matalaemissiviteettipintaan 103 arranged to the slot radiator 207, a narrow line-shaped opening 203 matalaemissiviteettipinnassa the previous also arranged to produce a second operating frequency of the incoming first polarization plane wave electric field vector 308 'from the first polarization direction and the second operating frequency in the same phase of the oscillating electromotive forces 204' ', which electromotive forces The formation of the charge distributions acting as the 204 '', as well as the current loops 210 circulating therewith on the low-emptying surface 103 are formed as described previously.

The arrangement of Fig. 7b also mounts a low emitter surface 103 of a fractured radiator 207 in which the narrow linear opening 203 in the low emitter surface is further arranged to produce the incoming plane waveforms in the second operating frequency the formation of charge distributions acting on the commotor forces 204 "" as well as the current loops 210 circulating therewith on the low-emptying surface 103 are formed as previously described.

Like the above example, the narrow linear opening 203 on the low-emitting surface 103 may be arranged to receive and re-transmit two cross-polarizations of incoming planar electromagnetic energy.

In cases such as the one shown above, Figures 7a and 7b show symmetric-shaped slot-openers 207 in which the slot-makers are square and circular. However, it will be obvious to one skilled in the art that other symmetric shapes, such as stroke, pentagon, or triangle, may be used as shapes, but in addition, asymmetric shapes.

Asymmetric patterns in which either the aperture shape or the width of the narrow linear aperture 203 for the transverse polarizations are not identical may affect the efficiency of the flattening polarizations. This appears to be such that the polarizations of the lattice can exhibit different impedance impedances at the same or different frequencies. With such an arrangement, it is possible to influence the use of the polarization of the smoothing signal.

As the two orthogonal polarizations flatten the slit impedance 207, which functions as a concentrated source 303, with similar or equally high blade impedances, the single slit heater 207 can serve as a re-complainant of a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave.

The following still provide some preferred examples of various embodiments of the invention as well as methods for applying the invention.

An insulating glass element 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention provides at least two glass sheets 102 and a screen space 105 separated by at least one glass sheet 102. and at least one low-emitting surface 103 having a second aperture 201 'flattening the radio signal to receive and re-radiate this received electromagnetic energy in a second polarization such that the first and second polarization are intersecting.

In the insulating glass element 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of the radio signal flattening apertures 201 'or 201' is less than one wavelength at its lowest operating frequency.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and second polarizations are linear or elliptical polarizations.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and second polarizations are circular polarizations.

In an insulating glass element 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radio-flattening aperture 201 'and the radio-signal flattening aperture 201' are arranged at least partially bumpy.

THE INVENTION In one preferred embodiment of the eristyslasielementis-SA 100 a radio signal permeable aperture 201 'comprises rakosateilijaryhman 202', which is arranged to receive electromagnetic energy to arrive at the first polarization and uudelleensateilemaan the received electromagnetic energy vahintaan two rakosateilijaryhmaan 202 'the power of the received electromagnetic energy induced electromotive 204' due to the formation from the radiation source 303 'with an appeal.

In an insulating glass element 100 according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the radio aperture 201 "flattens a gap radiator array 202" arranged to receive incoming electromagnetic energy in a second polarization and to receive the received electric energy 303 ”option.

In an insulating glass element 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radio signal flattening aperture 201 'is arranged to form at least one double polarized concentrated radiation source 303.

In an insulating glass element 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radio signal flattening aperture 201 'is arranged to form at least one circularly polarized concentrated bay 303.

A method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is applied to an insulating glass element 100 which encloses at least two glass panels 102 and a screen space 105 separated by at least one glass panel 102. this is the received electromagnetic energy in the first polarization. In addition, the method receives electromagnetic energy at least one low aperture 201 arranged on at least one low-emitting surface 103, wherein this second aperture 201 "is further used to re-radiate this received electromagnetic energy in the second polarization, thus,

In a method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least the lowest operating frequency is selected for the radio signal flattening apertures 20T, 201 '.

In a method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one radio signal flattening aperture 20T, 201 "is used which is less than one wavelength at its lowest operating frequency.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, linear or elliptical polarizations are used as the first and second polarizations.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and second polarizations are circular polarizations.

In a method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least partially biased apertures are used as first aperture 201 'for radio signal and second aperture 201' for radio signal.

In the invention, a method according to a preferred embodiment of the radio signals can penetrate the aperture 201 'is used rakosateilijaryhmaa 202', which receives electromagnetic energy to arrive at the first polarization and uudelleensateilee the received electromagnetic energy vahintaan two rakosateilijaryhmaan 202 'of the force 204 of the received electromagnetic energy induced electromotive' due to the formation from the radiation source 303 ', respectively.

In a method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radio signal flattening aperture 201 "employs a gap radiator array 202" which receives incoming electromagnetic energy in a second polarization and recovers the received electromagnetic energy from at least two incoming electromagnetic energy.

In a method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radio signal flattening aperture 201 'forms at least one double-polarized concentrated radiation source 303.

In a method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radio signal flattening aperture 201 'forms at least one circularly polarized concentrated radiation source 303.

Claims (9)

Protective Requirements: The isoleringsglaselement (100) of the omfattar minstva glaspaneler (102), which comprises a double glazing panel (105), a reserve minst en glaspanel (102), an omfattar en lagemissivitetsyta (103), forsedd med en radiosignaler transmitterande for apertur (20T) for att Motta electromagnetic energi och att aterstrala den mottagna electromagnetic energiz i en forsta polarization, och - minst en lagemissivitetsyta (103) ar forsedd med en radiosignaler transmitterande andra apertur (201 ") for attd electromagnetic energi och att aterstrala den mottagna electromagnetic energi i en andra polarization pa sa satt att - den forsta och den andra polarization or korslagda. An insulating glass element (100) which encloses at least two glass panes (102), and a separating space (105) therefrom, at least one of the glass panes (102) encloses a low-emptiness surface (103), characterized in that: a first aperture (201 ') flattening the radio signal, to receive electromagnetic energy and to re-radiate the received electromagnetic energy in the first polarization, and - at least one low-emitting energy in the second polarization such that - the first and the second polarization are intersecting 2. Isoleringsglaselement (100) enligt skyddskrav 1, kannetecknat av att minst en av de radiosignaler transmitterande aperturerna (201 ', 201 ") haren bredd mindre an en vaglangd pa sin lagsta function frequency. An insulating glass element (100) according to protection claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the radio signal flattening apertures (20T, 201 ") is less than one wavelength in width at its lowest operating frequency. 3. Isoleringsglaselement (100) enligt skyddskrav 2, in the case of a polarization or line eller elliptical polarization. Insulating glass element (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first and second polarizations are linear or elliptical polarizations. Isoleringsglaselement (100) enligt skyddskrav 2, a cantilever av att den forsta and den polarization or circular polarization. An insulating glass element (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first and second polarizations are circular polarizations. The isoleringsglaselement (100) may be mounted on a panel 2-4, the transmitter of the radiosignal transmitter for Aperturen (20T) and the radiosignal transmitter of the Aperturen (201 ") or an anordic memory of the oval. An insulating glass element (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the first signal aperture (20T) flattening the radio signal and the second aperture (201 ") flattening the radio signal are arranged at least partially Paal-blast. 6. Isoleringsglaselement (100) enigt node av paneldskraven 2-5, cantecknat av att den radiosignaler transmitterande Aperturen (201 ') omfattar en mangd slitsstralare (202') som ar anordnad att Motta inkommande electromagnetic energie den forsta polarization den. electromagnetic energy genome min focus focus stralningskallor (303 ') som image till foljd av en electromotor kraft (204') som alstras genome electromagnetic energy mottagits i mangden av slitsstralare (202 '). An insulating glass element (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the radio signal flattening aperture (20T) encloses a gap radiator array (202 ') arranged to receive incoming electromagnetic energy in the first polarization and to receive the recombined energy. selecting a concentrated radiative fluid (303 ') formed by at least two electromagnetic energy received by the electromagnetic energy received by the at least two gap radiator groups (202'). 7. Isoleringsglaselement (100) enigt node av paneldskraven 2-5, channel-tecknat av att den radiosignaler transmitterande Aperturen (201 ") omfattar en mangd slitsstralare (202") som ar anordnad att Motta inkommande electromagnetic energy at den polarization. den mottagna electromagnetic energom genom minst tva focuserade stralningskallor (303 ") som picture till foljd av en electromotor kraft (204") som alstras genom electromagnetic Energi som mottagits i mangden slitsstralare (202 "). An insulating glass element (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the radio signal flattening aperture (201 ") harbors a gap radiator array (202") arranged to receive incoming electromagnetic energy in a second polarization and to receive a rechargeable energy saw. with the selection of a concentrated radiation source (303 ") generated by two electromagnetic energy (204") generated by electromagnetic energy received by two groups of slit radiators (202 "). 8. The isolation glazing element (100) is mounted on a panel 2-6, a channel-type transmitter radio transmitter transmitter (Aperturen) (201 ') or an anchor att utgora minst en a double polarization focus (303). An insulating glass element (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the radio signal flattening aperture (20Γ) is arranged to form at least one double polarized concentrated bay (303). An insulating glass element (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the radio signal flattening aperture (20Γ) is arranged to form at least one circularly polarized concentrated bay (303). Skyddskrav: The isoleringsglaselement (100) is mounted on a panel 2-6, a channel-type transmitter is a radio transmitter transmitter (Aperturen) (201 ') or an anchor att utgora minst en a circular polarizer (303).