FI119837B - Musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

119837 i

Musical Instrument

The invention relates generally to musical instruments. In particular, the invention relates to a new type of instrument, the horn drum.

5 Musical instruments are usually grouped, for example, strings, wind instruments and percussion instruments, according to the basic techniques used to produce sound. In this grouping, the player of the present invention is a percussion player. In addition, musical instruments can be characterized as acoustic or electric depending on whether the sound produced is loud enough to be heard by the public or whether it must first be substantially electronically amplified. This distinction is not unambiguous, as it is often desirable to electronically amplify the sound of a basic acoustic instrument when there is a large audience and the performance is large or the performance is held outdoors. However, by its very nature, the player of the present invention is acoustic.

15 When it comes to musical instruments, and especially the invention of a new type of instrument, the concept of a technical problem must be understood in a slightly different way. For the creative mind, the mere fact that everything is not yet invented is a problem.

m., Known players will, for a long time, start to look like conventional ones and not their / *; * the power of expression is sufficient to produce all the sounds that the world can fit • * · ··· | 20 and which the modern music creator would like to express himself. In addition to this general "* problem" requiring creation, the inventor has found it a personal problem that he has always been forbidden from drumming on any table. It was clear that something new and socially good would be needed: a more igniting way to unload the drum and tap.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel instrument capable of producing drumming, tapping and vibration sounds in a different way. It is a further object of the present invention to provide structural solutions that enable such a player to be played with a carrier sound and in a variety of interesting ways. It is a further object of the invention to provide such structures. 30 additional solutions to change the sound of the player if desired.

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The objects of the invention are realized in a horn drum having a sound reinforcing and guiding horn and attached thereto one or more hollow blades which open into the horn and provide the caller with striking and vibrating surfaces.

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The player of the invention is characterized by what is said in the characterizing part of the independent claim.

The first essential part of a player according to the invention is a horn. In this context, a horn is a piece that is tubular in shape with one end widening into a conical mouth. The tubular portion of the horn may be straight or may bend in one or more bends.

Another essential part of the player of the invention is the wing, which may be one or more. The basic shape of the blade is casing or tubular. One end or edge of the blade is open and forms a blade orifice.

10 On the side of the horn there is a sound opening corresponding to the wing opening for each wing mounted on the horn. The wing is secured to the horn such that the sound has free passage from inside the wing to the horn through the wing chord and the chord chord. According to an alternative construction, the wing may also be pushed partially from the horn chord so that at least the chord's orifice is inside the horn.

15 The wing and horn are firmly fixed to each other. The horn drum is played by hitting and / or touching different surfaces of the wing with punch and / or vibration sticks. A single stroke on the wing produces a striking or knocking sound that is amplified and directed by the echo-base of the horn. Repetitive blows to the wings cause the blade and the entire player to vibrate, resulting in a low, gummy sound. When the vibrating wing • · ·; The 20 surfaces are touched by a suitably shaped vibrating stick, which jumps against the vibrating surface of the wing * * and produces a fast, regular, tapping sound.

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The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: * · M · Fig. 1 illustrates the principle of a horn drum, · · * ♦ Figures 2a-2f show different horn shapes, Figures 3a-3f show different wing shapes, an exemplary blade structure, Figures 5a-5f show different number of blades and locations in the horn, and '*: ** figures 6a and 6b show some means by which the horn drum can be played.

Fig. 1 is a simplified plan view showing the structure and * · placement of the horn and blade in relation to each other in a horn drum according to a simple embodiment of the invention. The horn 101 has a tubular shell having substantially uniform side surfaces 102 and a conically opening mouth 103. In the embodiment 3 119837 of Figure 1, the other end 104 opposite to the mouth 103 of the horn 101 is closed. However, the invention does not exclude the possibility of making the horn double-ended, thus having two orifices.

At one point, the otherwise uniform side surface 102 of the horn 101 has a chord aperture 5 105. Its dimension corresponds to the portion of the blade 111 which secures the blade 111 to the horn 101. It is particularly preferred to dimension the chord aperture 105 slightly larger than the cross section of the blade 111 attaches to the horn. Thus, the edges of the wing 111 and the horn chord opening 105 do not contact each other, thus avoiding interfering resonance vibrations. According to another embodiment 10, the horn chute would be sized exactly the same size as the wing cross section at this point. However, in this case, the edges of the wing must be firmly attached to the edges of the chord to avoid the abovementioned distortions. This is difficult if the wing is to be replaced. In addition, it has been found that it is more advantageous for the sound of the wing to have the edges of its sound opening freely fluttering.

Figures 2a-2f schematically illustrate various alternatives for horn design. In this context, the number or shape of the wings and where the horn is attached or attached are not affected. The structure of Fig. 2a is an ordinary straight horn having a straight portion 201 and a mouth 202 extending at one end thereof. The opposite end 203 is closed. The horn in Figure 2b is otherwise similar, but between the mouth 202 and the closed end 203, the horn side surfaces make a curve 204. In Figure 2c, the horn *: · *: The mouth 202 points upwards and the closed end 205 both narrows and strongly forms a so-called. seashells.

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Figure 2d shows an S-shaped horn having two differently sized mouth openings • 20 206 and 207. Figure 2e shows a bifurcated horn with a closed end forming a clam. Fig. 2f shows a horn consisting of straight sections which, when connected to each other, form a meandering entity.

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The shapes shown in Figures 2a-2f are, of course, merely exemplary and can be easily modified for various purposes. Straight section Horns · «30 are generally easier to manufacture, while curved shapes provide flexibility in the horn which improves its vibration characteristics. ♦. ···. It is also possible to fit a long horn into a smaller space.The conical widening of the mouth opening of the horn is advantageous mainly because of this shape, especially low voices are carried out of the horn as well as can be used as a thin cloth or similar, sound 4 119837 a cover made of non-attenuated material and tucked in the shape of a horn mouth. To support the horn, it is advisable to use a special stand or rack that is sturdy enough to hold the horn in the ringing position even when the caller is excited. consolidate their instruments in earnest. The stand is good to have five wide, plate-like part on which a player can keep his legs, wherein the foot, the player does not start so easy to walk across the floor.

Figures 3a ~ 3f show various exemplary wing shapes. Fig. 3a shows a simple rectangular blade 301 with straight striking and vibrating surfaces and a chute on a long side of the blade. Figure 3b shows a butterfly wing 10 shaped blade 302 with a smooth impact and vibration surface. Figure 3c shows a wing 303 in which both the upper 304 and the lower vibrating surface 305 are convex. In the 3d wing of the figure, convex and concave areas are formed on the striking and vibrating surface 306. Fig. 3e shows an annular wing 307 having two chord ports 308 and 309 for engagement with chord ports on opposite sides of the horn, whereby the wing 307 15 rotates about the horn. In Fig. 3f, tubular projections 311 and 312 are attached to the wing 310 having an open end, which is secured to a hole in the wing 310 so that the sound has free access from the inside of the projection to the wing.

The material of which and the technique by which the horn and blade or blades are constructed are irrelevant to the invention as such. In experiments conducted by the inventor, it has been dry: 20 it has been found that quite an excellent sound is achieved by making a horn fly * · · .:; machine plywood using seams inside the horn at the seams. If the flight *: · *: machine plywood or similar sheet material does not have enough: ***: stiffness, especially the edges of the horn opening can be tensioned by placing ribs slightly longer than the straight between the corners • ·, ···. 25 distance, so that the bar tensioning on the arc also keeps the horn side in tension.

M · '

The thickness of the wall material of the horn is important for both the sound and the mechanical stiffness of the horn. The latter affects the frequencies at which the ϊ "[ϊ player oscillates during playback. The preferred horn · wall thickness of an airplane veneer is a few millimeters, for example 2 mm. The optimal wall thickness • · · for each application can be obtained by experiment. *. ** At the edge of the opening, the wall is preferably thinner towards the edge.

»· · • · · • •. ···. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a wing structure. The wing body is formed by a solid wood periphery 401 which is narrowed at the wing chord (at 402) so as not to close the chord. For the edges of the chord aperture, ribs 403 and 404 are attached to ring 401 and blade surfaces 405 and 406 are formed of wooden panels 5119837 attached to ring 401 and ribs 403 and 404, such as thin plywood tensioned by ring 401 and ribs 403. and 404 to define a convex or planed solid wood panel.

The wing can be attached to the horn in many different ways. One simple way is to mount brackets or the like at the ends of the sound opening on the side of the horn, inside the horn. In this case, the wing can simply be screwed to the struts by means of screws passing through the struts and the part of the perimeter of the blade located at the ends of the blade chord. Other methods of attachment are the various pairs of interlocking mating designs at the edges of the horn and 10 wings. A person skilled in the art of building a musical instrument will readily be able to demonstrate further different ways of joining the two mechanical parts of a player in a manner that mechanically engages the parts with sufficient strength. The joint between the wing and the horn must withstand very high torque and vibration stress.

One versatile embodiment of the invention is achieved by making the blade-to-horn connection adjustable so that it is possible to choose whether the blade orifice is flush with the outer surface of the horn (or even outside it) or if the blade is protruding. In the inventor's te-kemi experiments, it has been found that an interesting sound is formed when the horn drum has two wings which engage on opposite sides of the horn, · ·: · · and insert into the horn so that the wings of the wings inside the horn are approx. 2-3 *: · *: cm apart. In this case, the sounds produced in one wing also get another: ***: the wing plays as the sound propagates from one wing to another.

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The wing can be made tunable. Wing tuning generally means that changing the shape of the blade • · * ··· '25 changes the internal tension of the blade, thereby changing the sound of the blade. Tuning should be done without actually touching the plates that · · ·: V form the wing striking and vibrating surfaces, as the best sound is achieved by limiting the vibration of the free portion (= not attached to the ring or struts) of the sheets; as little as possible.

ft · · • · • * * 30 One possibility for realizing the tunability is where the perimeter of the wing supporting structure is not completely enclosed but lies somewhere ·. ···. (for example, at one end of the chord hole) an interruption that can be adjusted by screwing the outside of the blade. If such a tuning screw is provided with an easily accessible handle, it is possible to adjust the blade tuning even during play 35 slightly in the same way as for a drum.

6 119837

Figures 5a-5f give some examples of the positioning of the wings in the horn. Wings and Horns are presented here as simple line drawings to maximize the clarity of the drawing. Fig. 5a is a simplest case in which there is one wing 502 at one point on the side surface of the horn 501. In Fig. 5b there are two opposing vanes 504 and 505 on the side surfaces of the horn 503. and 509. Two large blades 511 and 512 are mounted opposite each other to the horn 510 of Fig. 5d and two smaller blades 513 and 514 above and to the front thereof. In Fig. 5e, the curved blade 515 rotates about the base of horn 516 and engages with two at the same time. In Figure 5f, horn 517 has a casing-shaped wing 518 on one side and a plurality of tubular vanes 519, 520 and 521 on the other.

Figures 6a and 6b show some capsules or, more generally, instruments that can be used to play the horn drum. The device shown in Figure 6a is a mallet 601 to be used to provide basic vibration of the horn drum. The mallet 601 has a handle 602, a bar 603, a main weight 604 and a bar cushion 605. The mallet 601 is operated by cutting a suitable portion of the horn drum blade with a padded portion of the bar, for example, about 2-3 times per second. Due to the padding 605, the impact of the mallet 601 on the wing itself does not produce a clear bouncing sound, but repetitive motion energy is supplied. . 20 will cause the whole horn drum and especially the wing to be vibrated to vibrate • · ·. *. *. Fig. 6b shows a shaking stick 611 having a handle 612, an arm 613, and a · · ·; bifurcated shaking head 614. When the caller touches either the shank * * 613 or the shank of one of its shaking heads 614, the wing, which is vibrated by banging it with a mallet 601, emits a quick, tapping sound that echoes inside the blade. and thence through the mouth of the horn. If the horn drum has multiple blades, the sounds and vibrations are also transmitted from blade to blade, providing a unique addition to the sound of the player. Preferably, the shear stick 611 is made of hard wood.

In order to provide basic vibration of the horn drum, it is also possible to use foot-pedaling mechanisms or a special vibrating device such as an electric 1: operating eccentric gravity rotating device. Hitting such a device into a horn drum releases both hands of the caller to produce vibrations and other more detailed sounds.

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Claims (10)

119837 1. Musikinstrument innefattande 15. et rörformigt Hom (101, 501, 503, 506, 510, 516, 517), med tirentligt enhetliga sidoytor (102) och et utvidgat tupp munstycke (103, 202, 206, 207) och - en klangöppning (105) i Hornets sidoyta; • * · *: kännetecknat av att det innefattar φ ·: - fastspänt vid klangöppningen on Hornets sidoyta, en lädformig eller rörformig!. *!.! 20 Wings (111, 301, 302, 303, 307, 310, 501, 504, 505, 507, 508, 509, 511, 512, 513,. ···. 514, 515, 518, 519, 520, 521) som har en slag- och resonance (304, 305, 405, 406) • · · * ·] '.' och en klangöppning i vingen, som till sin storlek och form motsvarar klangöpping • · jaen (105) i homets sidoyta och som riktat mot öppningen save att ljudet Fär pas- '' * * * frequent inifrän vingen in i homet. 2. Musikinstrument enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av attändan (104, 203, '··· * 205) motsatt homets munstycke är slutet. Mus 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. Musikinstrument enligt patentkrav 2, kännetecknat av att homets slutna än av 30 avsmalnar och kröker sig kraftigt, sav den bildar en spiralformigt avsmalnande musk (205). φ • φ « A player having - a tubular horn (101, 501, 503, 506, 510, 516, 517) having substantially uniform side surfaces (102) and a widening, open mouth (103, 202, 206, 207) and 5. a ring opening (105) in the side surface of the horn; characterized in that it has: - a casing or tubular wing (111, 301, 302, 303, 307, 310, 501, 504, 505, 507, 508, 509, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515) attached to the ring opening of the horn side surface , 518, 519, 520, 521) having a punching and jerking surface (304, 305, 405, 406) 10 and a wing chime which is sized and shaped to match the chord hole (105) on the side of the horn, is the passage from the inside of the wing to the horn. A player according to claim 1, characterized in that the end (104, 203, 205) opposite the mouth of the horn is closed. A player according to claim 2, characterized in that the closed end of the horn tapers and curves strongly to form a spirally converging mussel (205). 4. A musical instrument enligt patentkrav 3, a tape recorder, a picture of a hornet clip, and a clip of a stamp, a moto, an anatomical image, of 35 homet i en spelställning där homets munstycke enriched the flush flaps. 119837 A player according to claim 3, characterized in that the horn is attached at its curved position to a stand which, when facing the floor, is followed to support the horn in a play position with the mouth of the horn pointing obliquely upwards. A player according to claim 1, characterized in that the side surfaces (102) of the horn have two sounding openings on opposite sides of the horn, and the * t "t player has two blades (504, 505, 511, 512, 513, 514) affixed to: "*: each at its own ring opening in the side surfaces of the horn. A player as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it is completely constructed of wood. . A player according to claim 1, characterized in that the wing (111,301,307,310,501,504,505,507, sos, 509,511,512,513,514,515,518,519, * ··· * 520,521) is attached to the horn (101,501,503,506,510). 516, 517) with removable • ί. With 30 joints. · * ·····••••··································································································· disabled. 5. Musikinstrument enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att - i Hornets sidoytor (102) finnish tvang klangöppningar head without a sidor av Hornet, och - musikinstrumentet innefattar tvä vingar (504, 505, 511, 512, 513, 514) fastspända vid sin respektive klangöppning i Hornets sidoytor. 6. The musical instrument en patent patent krav 1, the turn-off technique and the coils till the mesh. 7. Musical instrument en patent patent krav 1, telecommunication technique (111, 301, 302, 303, 307, 310, 501, 504, 505, 507, 508, 509,511,512,513,514,515, 518, 519, 520, 521) , 501, 503, 506, 510, 516, 517) med en lös-tagbar tooth. 8. A musical instrument enligt patentkrav 7, a translation technique for an att att det innefattar organ för att justera avständet för a hos klangöppningen i vingen inät eller ut frän Hornets sidoyta. A player according to claim 7, characterized in that it has means for adjusting the distance from the side surface of the horn inwards or outwards to the edges of the blade opening. A player according to claim 1, characterized in that the wing has a body 5 (401) and means for deforming the body in a deformable manner to excite the sound of the wing. A player according to claim 9, characterized in that the body part comprises a circumferential ring (401) rotating the blade edge, said means for rotating the body comprising a screw, the rotation of which is adapted to change the length of the break. 9. A musical instrument enligt patent krav 1, a tape recorder att attostycket innefat-20 tar en stomme (401), and an organ för att vrida stommen tune som producerar:.:.: Formförändringar för att avstämma vingens Klang. «1 • · · •» · • M «" 2: A musical instrument enligt patent krav 9, a translation technique for an image of a peripheral finns en periphery (401), the medial edge, the color of said organ 25 for the color of the stommen innehäller en scruv, the genomic image for an anatomical pattern: 3: avbrottets slope. ···••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ♦ · 3 ♦ ··