JP2004029273A - Assembly type musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an assembly type musical instrument for school education which can generate full-scale sound even if a shape is small. <P>SOLUTION: The assembly type musical instrument 100 is provided with a resonance body 10 having acoustic holes 11a, vibration transmission means 20 arranged inside and outside the resonance body 10, a vibrator 30 disposed to touch the outer vibration transmission means 20 and a supporting means 40 pressing the vibrator 30 to the vibration transmission means 20 so as to support it. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an assembled musical instrument as a teaching material for school education, and more particularly to a small musical instrument that plays a small range.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The assembled musical instruments used as teaching materials for school education that have been used in the past are musical instruments that look good, but there is no one that can play sound in earnest.
[0003]
For example, a koto is an example of an assembled musical instrument. This koto was just a string in a wooden resonance box. Also, the resonance box was merely a laminate of boards.
[0004]
Also, ordinary guitars, kotos, and the like include a resonator having an acoustic hole, transmit vibration generated by playing the vibrator to the entire resonator, and vibrate air inside the resonator to generate a sound. I have.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned conventional assembled musical instrument, there is a problem that the scale cannot be adjusted and only a sound that does not resonate can be produced, so that it is not possible to actually play.
[0006]
In addition, there was no musical instrument that could produce full-fledged tones simply by sounding.
[0007]
Further, since the resonance box which greatly affects the tone color is merely a box shape, there is a problem that the sound quality is poor.
[0008]
In addition, in order to use it for school education materials, it is essential that it be small and low-cost.
[0009]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an assembled musical instrument for school education that can generate a full-scale sound even if the shape is small.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described. In addition, in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are added in parentheses, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment.
[0011]
The assembled musical instrument (100) for school education of the present invention comprises a resonator (10) having an acoustic hole (11a), vibration transmitting means (20) provided inside and outside the resonator, and A vibration body (30) provided so as to be in contact with the vibration transmission means, and a support means (40) for pressing and supporting the vibration body against the vibration transmission means.
[0012]
According to the assembled musical instrument for school education, the transmitted vibration wave is efficiently transmitted to the outside and the inside of the resonator through the vibration transmission means due to the vibration of the resonator. The amplitude of the wave also increases, and an efficient sound volume can be generated from the sound hole. Therefore, a resonating sound can be produced even in a small size.
[0013]
Further, an adjusting means (40a) for adjusting the position of the vibrating body is provided.
[0014]
In this way, tuning can be easily performed.
[0015]
Further, the resonator is characterized in that it has a cylindrical shape.
[0016]
With this configuration, it is possible to minimize interference between a vibration wave generated in the resonator and a reflected wave generated by reflecting the vibration wave on an inner wall or the like. Specifically, since the amplitude of the vibration wave or the reflected wave is gradually reduced and the vibration wave or the reflected wave can be prevented from rapidly attenuating, the vibration wave or the reflected wave can be more resonated inside the resonator. (Amplification) to produce a loud sound.
[0017]
Further, the vibration transmitting means provided inside the resonator has a cylindrical shape.
[0018]
With this configuration, the vibration generated from the vibrating body can be transmitted radially from the entire surface of the pin to the surroundings (inside the resonator), so that interference between the vibration wave and the reflected wave and attenuation can be suppressed. Therefore, there is no possibility that the sound amplification effect is reduced.
[0019]
Further, the assembled musical instrument for school education (200) of the present invention includes a resonator (60) having an acoustic hole (61a), a vibration transmitting means (70) provided on an upper part of the resonator, and the vibration transmitter. A vibrating body (80) provided in contact with the means, and a stretching means (90) having the first adjusting means for stretching the vibrating body and adjusting the tension of the vibrating body before playing, And a second adjusting means for adjusting the tension of the vibrating body during a performance. The vibration transmitting means (70) is composed of a piece (71, 72) and a metal rod (73, 74), and a curved surface (75) is provided at a predetermined portion of the piece as the second adjusting means. And
[0020]
According to this assembled musical instrument for school education, the scale can be easily adjusted by simply pressing the vibrating body with a finger on a curved surface provided on a predetermined portion of the piece, even during performance.
[0021]
Further, the resonator is formed in a circular ring shape formed by stacking plate members, and is cut in a vertical direction with respect to a surface direction of the plate member.
[0022]
In this case, since the board does not warp, a stable sound can be generated and the sound quality can be improved.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the assembled musical instrument having an acoustic hole according to the present invention will be described in detail.
[0024]
-First embodiment-
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of an assembled musical instrument for school education according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0025]
1 is a perspective view of the assembled musical instrument according to the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a front view of the assembled musical instrument, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the assembled musical instrument, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line II of FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the assembled musical instrument, FIG. 7 is a right side view of the assembled musical instrument, and FIG. 8 is a left side view of the assembled musical instrument. In addition, in the description of the assembled musical instrument described below, a downward direction in the vertical direction in FIG. 3 is defined as a forward direction, an upward direction is defined as a rearward direction, and a near side is defined as an upward direction.
[0026]
The assembled musical instrument 100 includes a resonator 10, vibration transmitting means 20 (21 to 23) provided inside and above the resonator 10, and a vibrating body 30 provided in contact with the vibration transmitting means 20. , And support means for pressing and supporting the vibrating body 30 against the vibration transmitting means 20.
[0027]
The resonator 10 includes a circular top plate 11, a bottom plate 12, and a hollow cylindrical body 13, and includes the body 13 above the bottom plate 12 and the top plate 11 above the body 13. Further, a predetermined portion of the top plate 11 and the body 13 is provided with a plurality of acoustic holes 11a, 11a... 11a, 13a, 13a for emitting sound to the outside. In the present embodiment, the sound holes 13 a are provided on both sides of the body 13, but the sound holes 13 a may be provided in predetermined portions of the bottom plate 12. More specifically, the acoustic holes 13a may be provided so as to be located below the two acoustic holes 11a, 11a provided in front of the top plate 11. Further, a predetermined portion of the top plate 11 is provided with holes 11b, 11b for fitting a pin 23 as a vibration transmission means 20, which will be described later. Further, the body 13 is a circular ring-shaped (plywood / laminate (thickness: 21 mm or more)) laminated plate members 13b (Lauan plates), and is used by being cut in a direction perpendicular to the surface direction of the plate members 13b. . Since such a body 13 does not warp the plate member 13b, it is possible to generate a stable sound and enhance the sound quality.
[0028]
The vibration transmitting means 20 includes a backrest 21, a piece 22, and a cylindrical pin 23. In FIG. 3, the backrest 21 is provided with the surface of the base material facing upward so as to extend in the lateral direction behind the top plate 11. In FIG. 4, a piece 22 is provided substantially in front of the top plate 11 (near the center in the figure) substantially parallel to the backrest 21 with the surface of the base material facing forward. In addition, the pieces 22 are fixed by U-shaped nails 25, 25 near both ends. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the pin 23 is fitted to the top plate 11 constituting the resonator 10 and is provided below a predetermined portion of the top plate 11. The tip of the pin 23 is in contact with the bottom plate 12. The tip of the pin 23 may be a free end. The other end of the pin 23 is in contact with the piece 22.
[0029]
Preferably, the bridge 22 uses a brass plate, the backrest 21 uses wood (china wood), and the pin 23 uses a metal bar. The reason why metal is used for the pin and the piece 22 is to improve the transmission of the vibration wave.
[0030]
The vibrator 30 preferably uses a piano wire.
[0031]
A plurality of vibrating bodies 30 are provided in a fan shape at predetermined intervals along the outer periphery of the resonator 10 with the backrest 21 as a base point.
[0032]
The support means is, for example, a holding plate 40. The holding plate 40 is a rectangular metal plate. The pressing plate 40 supports the vibrating body 30 by pressing the vibrating body 30 from above the vibrating body 30 with a predetermined pressing force so as to be sandwiched between the backrest 21 and the piece 22 by the adjusting screw 40a. The adjustment screw 40a is screwed to the top plate 11.
[0033]
The adjusting screw 40 a not only presses and fixes the pressing plate 40 from above the vibrating body 30, but also functions as adjusting means for adjusting the vibration band of the vibrating body 30. Specifically, the band of the vibration wave generated from the vibrating body 30 can be changed by loosening the adjusting screw 40a and moving the vibrating body 30 in the front-back direction (the scale can be adjusted).
[0034]
Here, the operation mode of the assembled musical instrument will be described in detail.
[0035]
When the vibrating body 30 comes into contact with the vibrating body 30, the vibrating body 30 vibrates in the contact direction, and a vibration wave generated by the vibration is transmitted to the outside of the resonator 10 via the piece 22 and the backrest 21. Further, the vibration wave is transmitted to the inside of the resonator 10 via the piece 22 and the pin 23. In addition to the vibration generated from the pin 23, the vibration is amplified by external vibration and the reflection of the vibration, and the air inside the resonator 10 is vibrated more strongly, and the vibration amplified from the acoustic holes 11a, 11a. The waves are pronounced outward as sound.
[0036]
Further, since the pin 23 has a cylindrical shape and the resonator 10 has a cylindrical shape, it is possible to prevent generated vibration waves and reflected waves from interfering with each other. More specifically, the amplitude of the vibration wave or the reflected wave is gradually reduced, so that the vibration wave or the reflected wave can be prevented from rapidly attenuating. More resonance (amplification), sounding good sound.
[0037]
Next, the manufacturing process of the assembled musical instrument of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0038]
The manufacturing process of the assembled musical instrument includes a manufacturing process of the resonator, a process of installing the vibration transmitting means, and a process of installing the vibrator.
[0039]
As a manufacturing process of the resonator, center lines are drawn on the top plate 11, the bottom plate 12, and the body 13 in step S1. The center line is drawn with the acoustic holes 11a, 11a of the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 facing forward. The torso also draws a center line.
[0040]
Next, in step S2, the bottom plate 12, the body 13, and the top plate 11 are laminated and bonded in this order with the respective center lines aligned. The bonding is performed, for example, with a woodworking bond.
[0041]
Next, in step S3, the outer peripheries of the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 are cut and smoothed (chamfered).
[0042]
Next, as a step of installing the vibration transmitting means, in step S5, holes 11b, 11b are opened in the top plate 11 at a predetermined position in a direction orthogonal to the center line direction.
[0043]
Next, in step S6, the pin 23 is driven downward from the hole 11b and into the resonator 10.
[0044]
Next, in step S7, the backrest 21 is bonded to the rear of the top plate 11.
[0045]
Next, in step S8, the piece 22 is provided at a position in contact with the end of the pin 23, and is fixed with a U-shaped nail 25. In this case, it is preferable that the piece 22 bend on the top plate with the U-shaped nail 25 with the center portion curved toward the rear of the top plate and both ends bent rearward.
[0046]
Next, as a vibrating body installation process, in step S10, the vibrating body 30 is provided above the backrest 21 and the piece 22. The vibrating body 30 is provided in a fan shape so that the distal end of the vibrating body 30 is arranged along the outer peripheral surface toward the outer peripheral direction of the resonator 10 from the vicinity of the backrest as a base point.
[0047]
Next, in step S11, the holding plate 40 is placed between the backrest 21 and the piece 22 from above the vibrating body 30 so as to be substantially parallel to the backrest 21 and the piece 22. The holding plate 40 is fixed by adjusting screws 40a, 40a. The adjusting screws 40a are provided at predetermined intervals so that three vibrators 30 are inserted between the adjusting screws 40a and the adjusting screws 40.
[0048]
Finally, the adjusting screw 40a is loosened, the tuning is performed while moving the vibrating body 30 back and forth, and the process ends.
[0049]
Finally, a method of using the assembled musical instrument of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0050]
First, the acoustic hole 12a of the bottom plate 12 can be opened and closed with a finger, and the front of the resonator 10 is held with both hands, and the vibrator 30 is played or traced with the thumb for use. The acoustic hole 12a of the bottom plate 12 is opened and closed with a finger. Thus, a sound effect is generated, so that a desired sound can be generated.
[0051]
As described above, in the assembled musical instrument 100 according to the first embodiment, since the cylindrical pin 23 as the vibrator transmitting means 20 is provided inside the resonator 10, the vibration wave transmitted by the vibration of the vibrator is provided. Is efficiently transmitted to the outside and inside of the resonator 10 through the pin 23, and as a result, the amplitude of the vibration wave in the resonator increases, and a loud sound can be generated from the acoustic hole 11a. Thereby, the assembled musical instrument 100 can be reduced in size. Further, by making the vibrating body 30 a round bar of a piano wire, a tone like a harp or a music box can be generated. A glissando or the like can also be formed by using a round bar vibrator.
[0052]
Although the first embodiment of the assembled musical instrument of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and can be implemented in various forms. For example, the material of the piece 22, the backrest 21, the pin 23, and the like may be made of metal or may be all made of wood. Further, the vibrating body 30 may use a cylindrical round metal bar. Also, the piece 22 as the vibration transmitting means 20 and the pin 23 may be connected to form a single member.
[0053]
-Second Embodiment-
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of an assembled musical instrument having an acoustic hole according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0054]
9 is a perspective view of the assembled musical instrument of the second embodiment, FIG. 10 is a front view of the assembled musical instrument, FIG. 11 is a plan view of the assembled musical instrument, FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 11, and FIG. FIG. 14 is a rear view of the assembled musical instrument, FIG. 15 is a bottom view of the assembled musical instrument, FIG. 16 is a right side view of the assembled musical instrument, FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of the IV section of FIG. 16, and FIG. It is a left view of. In FIG. 9, the front side will be described as a front direction, and the rear side will be described as a rear direction, for ease of description.
[0055]
The assembled musical instrument 200 includes a resonator 60, a vibration transmitting unit 70 provided on the upper part of the resonator 60, and vibrators 80, 80,... Provided in contact with the vibration transmitting unit 70. Tensioning means 90 having first adjusting means for tensioning the vibrating body 80 and adjusting the tension of the vibrating body 80 before playing, and second adjustment for adjusting the tension of the vibrating body 80 during playing. Means.
[0056]
The resonator 60 includes a trapezoidal top plate 61, a bottom plate 62, and a hollow trapezoidal body 63. The body 63 is provided above the bottom plate 62, and the top plate 61 is provided above the body 63. Further, a predetermined portion of the top plate 61 is provided with an acoustic hole 61a for emitting sound to the outside. The body 63 has a trapezoidal ring shape (plywood / laminated plate (thickness: 21 mm or more)) in which plate members 63a (Lauan plates) are stacked, and is used by being cut in a direction perpendicular to the surface direction of the plate members. Since such a body 63 does not warp the plate member 63a, a stable sound can be generated and the sound quality can be improved.
[0057]
The vibration transmitting means 70 includes pieces 71 and 72 and cylindrical metal rods 73 and 74. In FIG. 12, the pieces 71 and 72 are provided from the front to the back of the top plate 11 on the inner side of the top plate in parallel with the outer periphery on both sides of the top plate 11. The metal rods 73 and 74 are provided above the pieces 71 and 72 from the front to the rear of the top plate 11. Preferably, the pieces 71 and 72 are made of wood (white lauan wood).
[0058]
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a predetermined portion of one of the pieces 71 has a curved surface 75. The curved surface 75 functions as second adjusting means for adjusting the tension of the vibrating body 80 during the performance. More specifically, when it is desired to raise a semitone during a performance or the like, the vibrating body 80 stretched between the pieces 71 and 72 is pressed by a finger on this curved surface to change the tension of the vibrating body 80. Thus, the scale can be adjusted.
[0059]
The vibrator 80 preferably uses a nylon (R) string. For the nylon (R) string, a thick string, a medium string, and a thin string are used according to the pitch. Specifically, the lower the sound, the thicker the string. Further, the vibrating body 80 is stretched back from the stretching means 90 existing on one side of the top plate 61 to the stretching means 90 existing on the other side.
[0060]
The stretching means 90 includes a string winding pin 91 and a string hanging pin 92. The string winding pin 91 also functions as first adjusting means for tuning the scale. A string winding pin 91 is provided on one side of the top plate 61, and a string hanging pin 92 is provided on the other side. A string pin 92 is provided so as to correspond to one string winding pin 91. Specifically, one vibrating body 80 (string) is hung on two string pins 92 to stretch the vibrating body 80. That is, the vibrating body 80 is applied to the string pin 92 from one string winding pin 91, and the vibrating body 80 is applied to the adjacent string pin 92 while pulling the vibrating body 80. Return to Similarly, the vibrating body 80 is stretched from the front to the back of the top plate 61 for the other string winding pins 91 and the string hanging pins 92.
[0061]
As described above, the string winding pin 91 not only supports the vibrating body 80 but also functions as a first adjusting unit for adjusting (tuning) the tension of the vibrating body 80. Specifically, the top 91a of the string winding pin 91 is formed in a shape that can be rotated by a dedicated tool. The string winding pin 91 has an adjusting groove 91b for adjusting the tension of the vibrating body 80. By rotating the top portion 91a with a special tool, the adjusting groove 91b is screwed into the resonator 60, and the tension of the vibrator 80 can be adjusted. That is, tuning can be performed by the first adjusting means.
[0062]
Here, the operation mode of the assembled musical instrument will be described in detail.
[0063]
When the vibrating body 80 comes into contact with the vibrating body 80, the vibrating body 80 vibrates in the contact direction, and a vibration wave generated by the vibration is transmitted to the outside of the resonator 60 via the pieces 71 and 72. The vibration wave is also transmitted to the inside of the resonator 60. Inside the resonator, the vibration is amplified by vibration from outside the resonator 60, reflection inside the resonator, and the like, and the vibration wave amplified from the acoustic hole 61a is emitted outward as sound.
[0064]
Also, the vibration generated when the vibrating body 80 (string) is struck is affected by other vibrating bodies 80 by the metal rods 73 and 74 provided above the pieces 71 and 72 and the manner in which the vibrating body 80 is stretched. Thereby, the sound and tone of the sound can be enhanced.
[0065]
Further, by providing a curved surface 75 on a predetermined portion of one of the pieces 71, the tension of the vibrating body 80 can be easily adjusted by simply pressing the vibrating body 80 against the curved surface 75 with a finger during a performance (the musical scale is raised by a semitone). be able to.
[0066]
Next, the manufacturing process of the assembled musical instrument of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0067]
The manufacturing process of the assembled musical instrument includes a manufacturing process of the resonator, a process of installing the vibration transmitting means, and a process of installing the vibrator.
[0068]
As a manufacturing process of the resonator, in step S1, a bottom plate 61, a body 63, and a top plate 62 formed in a trapezoidal shape are laminated and adhered in this order. The bonding is performed, for example, with a woodworking bond.
[0069]
Next, as a step of installing the vibration transmitting means, in step S2, pieces 71, 72 are provided at predetermined intervals and in parallel with the outer periphery of the side, and pieces 71, 72 are formed on the upper portions of the pieces 71, 72. Metal rods 73 and 74 are provided in the direction.
[0070]
Next, as a step of installing the vibrating body, in step S3, a plurality of chord pins 92 are provided on one side of the resonator 60 at predetermined intervals along the outer periphery of the resonator 60. Preferably, the string pin 92 is provided obliquely toward the outside of the resonator 60 so that the vibrating body 80 does not easily come off.
[0071]
In step S4, a string winding pin 91 is provided on the other side along the outer periphery of the resonator 60 so as to correspond to the string pin 92 and in a staggered manner. Specifically, the string winding pin 91 is driven to a predetermined depth. Further, at the time of tuning, the top 91a of the string winding pin 91 is rotated by a special tool, and the adjusting groove 91b is screwed into the resonator 60 to adjust the tension of the vibrator 80.
[0072]
Finally, in step S5, the vibrating body 80 is wound around the string winding pin 91, and the vibrating body 80 (string) is hung on the string pin 92 corresponding to the string winding pin 91 and the adjacent string pin 92. Returning to the string winding pin 91 corresponding to the adjacent string hanging pin 92, the vibrating body 80 is stretched while being wound by the string winding pin 91, tuning is performed, and the process ends.
[0073]
Next, a method of using the assembled musical instrument of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0074]
According to the assembled musical instrument 200 of the present invention, the vibrating body 80 is played or traced with a finger. When it is desired to raise the sound by a half tone during the performance, the vibrating body 80 is pressed against a curved surface 75 provided on a predetermined portion of one of the pieces 71 with a finger and used. Thereby, when it is desired to raise the semitone during the performance (when it is desired to adjust the scale), the scale can be easily adjusted.
[0075]
As described above, in the assembled musical instrument 200 according to the second embodiment, by providing the curved surface 75 at a predetermined portion of the piece 73, the scale can be easily adjusted (semitone up) during the performance.
[0076]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the assembled musical instrument for school education according to the present invention, full-scale performance can be performed even with a small size, and the timbre can be enjoyed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an assembled musical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line II of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a rear view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 7 is a right side view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 8 is a left side view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an assembled musical instrument according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a front view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 11 is a plan view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a part III in FIG. 11;
FIG. 14 is a rear view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 15 is a bottom view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 16 is a right side view of the assembled musical instrument.
FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a part IV in FIG. 16;
FIG. 18 is a left side view of the assembled musical instrument.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 60 Resonators 11a, 61a Sound holes 20, 70, 71 Vibration transmitting means 30, 80 Vibration body 40 Support means 40a Adjusting means 61a Sound holes 71, 72 Pieces 73, 74 Metal rod 75 Curved surface 90 Stretching means 100, 200 Assembled instrument

Claims (7)

A resonator having an acoustic hole, vibration transmitting means provided inside and outside the resonator, a vibrating body provided to be in contact with the external vibration transmitting means, and a vibrating body provided to the vibration transmitting means. And a supporting means for pressing and supporting the assembled musical instrument. The assembled musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising adjusting means for adjusting a position of the vibrating body. The assembled musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the resonator has a cylindrical shape. The assembled musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vibration transmitting means provided inside the resonator has a cylindrical shape. A resonator having an acoustic hole, a vibration transmitting means provided above the resonator, a vibrating body provided in contact with the vibration transmitting means, and And a tensioning means having a first adjusting means for adjusting the body tension, comprising a second adjusting means for adjusting the tension of the vibrating body during a performance. Assembled musical instrument characterized by being. 6. The assembled musical instrument according to claim 5, wherein said vibration transmitting means comprises a piece and a metal bar, and a curved surface is provided at a predetermined portion of said piece as said second adjusting means. The assembled musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the resonator has a circular ring shape formed by stacking plate members, and is cut in a vertical direction with respect to a surface direction of the plate members.

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