FI119285B - Method and apparatus for treating wood or wood products - Google Patents

Description

119285

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING WOOD OR WOOD PRODUCTS

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION p

The invention relates to a process for treating wood or wood products according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the moist wood or wood products are initially dried by compression and then heated to achieve the desired degree of drying.

10

The invention also relates to an apparatus for treating wood or wood products according to the preamble of claim 8, which comprises a press for drying the moist wood or wood products first by pressing, means for heating the wood or wood products to achieve the desired degree of drying.

15

Methods are known for treating wood and wood products, particularly wood, in which the wood is dried by compression and at the same time by heating the wood. Typically, press-drying is performed with a press provided in the drying chamber. One such method is disclosed in WO 94/26485. Other compression drying arrangements 20 are also known, for example, from Fl 97961B. Typically, all of these have in common that the pressing and drying of the wood by heat is carried out in the same chamber. This requires a considerable heat resistance of the press equipment used, especially when temperatures may rise to quite high · · · * · * / well, ie well above the boiling point of water. On the other hand, the amount of energy required in the drying step * »· * '25 is high when aiming at large amounts of wood to be dried at one time. Similarly, this requires high-power compression means to achieve large volumes of wood to be processed at one time.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel solution for compression drying of wood and wood products which avoids the prior art. cons. It is a further object of the invention to provide a solution aimed at * "reducing the amount of energy required for drying. Another object of the invention is to provide an efficient and flexible solution for drying timber.

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Brief Description of the Invention

The process according to the invention is essentially characterized in that in the first step the wood or wood products arranged between the treatment elements are pressed in a press chamber between the treatment elements so that a considerable amount of water is removed from the treated wood. the combination of the processing means and the wood or wood products therebetween is transferred to a drying chamber where the wood or wood products are further heat-dried and circulating in the drying chamber with at least two blowers so that the flow generated by the blower is directed to the suction side of the blower.

The process according to the invention is further characterized by what is stated in claims 2 to 7.

The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the apparatus comprises separate compression means, a compression chamber and a drying chamber, as well as processing means with which wood or wood products can be arranged, locking means being locked in a pressing position, a combination of the handling means and the wood to the drying chamber and further for further treatment, and that the drying chamber has at least two pu controls arranged on opposite sides of the chamber and that the air flow is directed from the fan to the suction side of the fan located on the opposite side of the chamber: ·: * · ** 25 dolls.

The apparatus according to the invention is further characterized by what is stated in claims 9 to 15.

: Y: 30 The solution according to the invention has numerous significant advantages. Squeezing some of the water into the water is more economical than simply drying it by heating. Ve-. ·. vaporization requires more energy than compression. As the temperature rises • · ·: * j (during the actual drying step above the boiling point of the water, the wood material to be treated has already been removed by squeezing a significant amount of moisture, whereby: T: 35 heat is much less needed to boil the remaining water in the wood material. Thus, the amount of wood material to be treated at a single time may be smaller to reach the capacity of the soil 119285 than using only one drying chamber. The structures of the press equipment used in the compression step may be similarly smaller and it is possible to separate the compression chamber and the drying chamber. conditions that create time and energy for the 5 -ol compared to a solution where compression and drying are done in the same space. In addition to meeting the requirements of the press, the fans used in the drying chamber can be optimally positioned. By using at least two fans arranged on opposite sides of the dry chamber and controlling the air flow 10 so that the air flow produced by the fan is directed to the suction side of the other fan, thereby providing a very efficient air circulation in the drying chamber. This further enhances the drying step. Heat recovery from the various stages of the process further reduces the need for energy. By using lockable handling members, the previous solution is achieved in which the wood material to be treated can be kept under compression 15 also during the drying step.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an apparatus according to the invention; FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1 of the apparatus of the invention, as shown in FIG. 1, taken along line II-II of FIG. m

. ·· *. Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the drying chamber of the invention in line IV-IV in Fig. 1

* ·. Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line V-V 35 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view of another embodiment of the invention.

4, 119285

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 schematically illustrates an embodiment of the invention. It has 5 successive compression chambers P, a drying chamber D and subsequently a cooling chamber C.

In the process of the invention, wood or wood products such as timber 1 are initially introduced into a stacking station (not shown in the figures). In the stacking station, the timber 10 1 is stacked (typically typically automatically) between processing members 2, such as heat plates. There is a stake on the finished timber.

Figure 2 is a simplified representation of a press chamber P for use in the process of the invention. The combination of overlapping processing members 2 and timber 1 disposed therebetween is in a press chamber P where the press members 3, 4 are pressed to press the timber 1 into 2 in between. Typically, the press beam 3 of the press members 3, 4 is moved by at least one cylinder-piston assembly 4. In the case illustrated, the press members 3, 4 push the 20 upper processing members 2 from its upper surface thereby compressing the timber to be treated. The lowest of the handling members 2 can be arranged, for example, on a substantially stationary base 7 in the compression direction.

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. In the compression chamber P, a combination of wood or wood products 1 and processing members 2 is pressed down to thickness pressures 5 of the press intervals to achieve the desired compression of the wood or wood products and press free water up to 50% of the water. Typically, about 20-50% ** ·· * of water is removed by squeezing. The compression pressure used will depend on the type of wood being processed and the thickness of the material, typically 5-20 kp / cm2. The wood can also be pressed: 30 can also be heated, which, depending on the type of wood being treated, softens and drains more easily. The aim is to keep the treatment temperature below the boiling point of water during the pressing step. The temperature can be raised · ··· ·. ···. 40 to 80 ° C. As the wood softens, pressing becomes easier and, if desired, a lower pressing pressure can be applied. Keeping: ·:: 35 temperatures below the boiling point of water saves heating energy. It is noteworthy that the wood to be treated also becomes warm as a result of compression. There are differences in the temperature rise of the wood material to be handled as a result of compression, e.g. depending on the type of wood or the quality of the wood. Some wood species heat up significantly as a result of compression, whereby any additional heat is not needed during the compression stage or very little is needed. In the pressing step, pressing can be carried out as desired, evenly at constant pressure, or alternatively, for example, by varying the pressing pressure, whereby the moisture in the wood material to be treated is equalized. Typically, the wood material to be treated will achieve a moisture content of 16-20% after the compression step. The water exits through openings (not shown) formed in the treatment means 2, such as the heating plates. The apertures may be of various sizes 10 or shapes and may vary in number according to the embodiment. Processing means 2, which in one embodiment are provided with channels, for example for passing heating medium through them. The heating medium may be, for example, warm air and / or water vapor derived from the drying step. Fig. 1 schematically shows a passageway 8 for heating medium from a drying chamber D to a wooden crossing chamber P. The passageway is provided with a valve member 9 which can be controlled, for example, by a control system (not shown) or otherwise.

In another embodiment, the treatment means are provided with channels for circulating a heating medium, in particular a heating fluid such as an oil.

The combination of the treatment means 2 and the wood or wood products is locked so that the wood or wood products located in the compression gaps are trapped between the treatment means 2.

· *.,] 'Typically, the processing means 2 are moved in the locked position against the thickness responses 5 * · * *. Fig. 3 schematically illustrates a combination of handling elements and timber used in the method of the invention in the locked position. The handling means are locked by the locking members 6 in a position where the combination of the handling members and the wood • * '· * can be moved to the drying chamber O. The locking means 6 are typically mechanical locking means.

30 The heat that may be used in the pressing step is mainly obtained by the following • ·. ···. the waste heat of the drying chamber D of the phase, which is mainly steam. A passageway 8 is formed between the purification chamber P and the drying chamber D for transferring heat from the drying chamber to the press chamber. The passageway is formed with a closing member 9, such as a valve member, which can be opened and closed as required. Preferably, the valve 35 is a gravity valve, whereby the drying chamber D is steam pressurized. as it rises, the valve member 9 opens and the steam enters the compression chamber along passageway 8. In Fig. 1, the passageway is drawn outside the chambers for clarity.

6, 119285

Preferably, the shortest route from the drying chamber to the pressing chamber is practically selected for the passage.

In the drying chamber D, the wood to be treated is heated above the boiling point of water 5 so that the steam forms a substantially inert state in the chamber, whereby the wood to be treated does not change color. Preferably, the wood is heated above 120 ° C so that the wood dies, i.e. undergoes a structural transformation, and the treated wood material no longer deforms or splits. The temperature adjustment during the drying process is made according to the appropriate program for each wood material to be treated. In the drying chamber, the wood-10 material to be treated is typically dried to a moisture content of 8-10%. The drying chamber is provided with efficient medium recycling. As shown in Fig. 4, the dry chamber D is provided with fans 10 on opposite sides of the drying chamber whose flow is adapted to be directed to the inlet side of the fan located on the opposite side of the drying chamber. Thereby, the flow obtained by the fan 10 ai-15 feeds the opposite fan, which enhances the air circulation in the drying chamber and the entire drying step. As shown, the air stream is controlled by a guide wall 11 which causes the air stream to circulate very efficiently in the drying chamber D. As is known, the drying chamber comprises heat exchanger elements (not shown) for introducing heat into the drying chamber. If necessary, water may be sprayed into the drying chamber 20 to provide water vapor. This creates an inert space in the drying chamber, at least in the vicinity of the wood material to be treated.

• · • ♦ · ·· ♦ * ♦ ♦

* · * '* When the desired drying result is achieved, the batch is transferred from the drying chamber D

25 in the cooling chamber C. In the cooling chamber, the wood material is slowly cooled according to a prescribed program. Figure 5 is a simplified representation of a cooling chamber C. The cooling chamber typically has at least one fan 14 or the like for enhancing air circulation. Heat can also be recovered from the cooling chamber D for use, for example, in heating the press chamber.

Figure 1 schematically shows a passageway 13 that can be used for heat transfer ·· *. totienä. The recovery of heat from the various stages of the drying process reduces the energy required to ** "* water.

· • · • · * IM * * · *

As shown in Figure 6, the drying chambers D and the cooling chambers C may be several 35 per press P. In this case, the wood or wood to be treated from the first stage. ···. products 1 are selectively transferred to one of several drying chambers D.

Ml * 7 119285 From the refrigeration chamber, the charge is transferred to a discharge station (not shown). At the unloading station, the batch is unloaded and the timber is loaded and packed for delivery.

The apparatus for treating wood or wood products according to the invention comprises a pu-5 dryer for initial drying of damp wood or wood products by means of heating the wood or wood products to achieve the desired degree of drying. The apparatus comprises separate pressing means 3, 4, 7, pressing chamber P and drying chamber D, and handling means 2 between which wood or wood products 1 can be arranged, which means 2 can be locked in the pressing position and that a combination of processing steps and timber 1 therebetween - to drying chamber D and further processing. The handling means 2 are lockable by locking means 6 relative to one another. The locking means 6 are preferably mechanical locking means.

According to a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises means for conducting heat from the drying chamber D, if necessary, to the compression chamber P. The means for conducting heat comprise a passageway 8 provided with a closing member 9, such as a valve member.

According to another embodiment, the apparatus comprises a plurality of drying chambers D. Thus, preferably, the capacity of the pressing means and the pressing chamber P are "adapted to the capacities of a plurality of drying chambers D, i.e. to supply a plurality of" J "drying chambers.

The combination of the manipulation members 2 and the wood or wood products 1 is moved from the chamber to the actuator by means of a moving device. The apparatus may comprise, for example, a rail trolley for transferring the combination of the manipulating members and the timber from one stage to another.

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The drying chamber D has at least two fans 10 disposed on opposite sides of the chamber and the air flow provided by the fan is controlled by a fan. from the suction side of the fan on the opposite side of the chamber.

The method and apparatus of the invention can be used to dry timber and, if desired, it can also be used to provide press wood.

35 • * *, ···. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be varied within the scope of the appended claims. If necessary, the symbols which may be presented in the specification together with other characteristics may also be used separately.

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Claims (15)

119285 A method for treating wood or wood products, wherein the moist wood or wood products (1) is first dried by compression and then heated to achieve the desired degree of drying, characterized in that the wood or wood products (1) arranged between the treatment elements (2) in the compression chamber (P) between the treatment means (2) so that a considerable amount of water is removed from the wood to be treated, the treatment means (2) are subsequently locked so that the wood or wood products (1) are trapped between the treatment means (2) ) and the combination of wood or wood products (1) between them is transferred to a drying chamber (D), wherein the wood or wood products are further dried by heat and recirculation of medium in the drying chamber (D) with at least two blowers (10). the opposite on the suction side of the fan side. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the first step, i.e. the pressing step, the wood or wood products (1) to be treated are heated, most preferably up to the boiling point of water. 20 3. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1 eller 2, tiltecknat av, att trelet ellerprärproduktema i puncture chamber (D) uppvärms account en tempur över vattnets 20 kokpo. ; ·. 4. Förfarande enligt face av patentkraven 1-3, kännetecknat av, att uppvärmt * ... medium, säsom luft och / eller vatten, vid behov leds frän torkkammaren (D) för att • · · • · Y utnyttjas i pressfasen. • · f i «« Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the dry chamber (D) the wood or wood products are heated to a temperature above the boiling point of water. * · · • · » Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, if necessary, a heated medium, such as air and / or steam, is conducted from the drying chamber (D) for use in the compression step. • · · • * • i * · · 5. Förfarande enligt avegas av patentkraven 1-4, kännetecknat av, att det 25 behandlade träet eller träproductema (1) frän den första fasen förs selective account en • · · Y; 'Av flera puncture chamber (D). * · • · *** 6. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-5, kännetecknat av, att,, combinationen av hanteringsorganen (2) och träet eller träproduktema (1) förs * · Y frän torkkammaren (D) account en kylkammare ( C). • · * 1 * 30 7. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-6, kännetecknat av, att:. · * Kombinationen av hanteringsorganen (2) och träet eller träproduktema (1) förs: [**: frän kylkammaren (C) account en utlastningsstation där träet eller träproduktema avlägsnas frän hanteringsorganen och förs account fortsatt behandling. • «· ··· • ♦ • ♦ · * · 119285 Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wood or wood products (1) to be treated from the first 30 steps are selected to be moved together. I make from several drying chambers (D). Process according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a combination of wood or wood products (1) and treatment means (2) 35 is transferred from the drying chamber (D) to the cooling chamber (C). t · ** * · • * »M 119285 ίο Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the combination of wood or wood products (1) and treatment elements (2) is transferred from the cooling chamber (C) to a dismantling station, where the wood or wood products are removed from the treatment means. 5 8. Anordning för behandling av trä eller preproducer, vilken anordning omfattar en press i vilken det fuktiga träet eller trärprodukterna först prickly genome pressning and utrustning som uppvärmer träel ellerprodukterna ä attskad torkgrad uppnatten, kän ) försedd med särskild pressutrustning, en torkkammare (D) och hanteringsorgan (2) mellan lively träet eller träprodukterna (1) kan anordnas, lively hanteringsorgan kan läsas i pressläge, att combiningen av hanteringsorganen och trävirket (1) mellan dem kanän torkkammaren och därifrän account fortsatt behandling, och att torkkammaren (D) är försedd med 10 ätminstone tvä fläktar (10) som är placerade i motsatta ändar av kammaren och att luftflödet styrs fränten account den i kammarens motsatta. An apparatus for treating wood or wood products, the apparatus comprising a first press for drying moist wood or wood products, means for heating the wood or wood products to achieve the desired degree of drying, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a press chamber (P ) and the drying chamber (D) and the treatment means (2) between which the wood or wood products (1) can be tracked, the treatment means being lockable in the pressing position, and the combination of the treatment means and the wood (1) spaced therefrom are movable from the pressing chamber to the drying and that the drying chamber (O) has at least two fans (10) disposed on opposite sides of the chamber and that air flow is controlled from the fan to the suction side of the fan located on the opposite side of the chamber. 9. Anordning enligt patentkrav 8, ankingneck av, att anordningen ytterligare omfattar utrustning som vid behov leder color frän torkkammaren (D) account 15 presskammaren (P). An apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises means for transferring heat, if necessary, from the drying chamber (D) to the pressing chamber (P). Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the means for conducting heat comprises a passageway (8) provided with a closing member (9), such as a valve member. • · t 25 e 10. Anordning enligt patent krav 9, anchoring pads, att utrustningen för ledning av colors omfattar en passage (8) i flashing et stängningsorgan (9), säsom en vent, har anordnats. 11. Anordning enligt face av patent kraven 8-10, nipple deck av, att 20 anordningen omfattar flera torkkammare (D). Apparatus according to one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the V apparatus comprises a plurality of drying chambers (D). t 1 · • · 2 • · «1 · 12. Anordning enligt face av patentkraven 8-11, nipples av, att: '* · pressutrustningens and press chamber (P) capacity and anpassad for att Mata * «* v: flera torkkammare (D). * ··· 13. Anordning enligt nägot av patentkraven 8-12, kännetecknad av, att 25 kombinationen av hanteringsorganen (2) och träet eller träprodukterna (1) förs • * ,: frän en kammare account ästa med en flyttanordning. • · · Apparatus according to one of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that: 1.1. The capacity of the 30 press means and the compression chamber (P) is adapted to supply a · · 1. aa drying chamber (D). Apparatus according to one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the combination of the processing means (2) and the wood or wood products (1) is moved from one chamber to another by means of a moving device. m ··· • 1 • · M · 119285 Apparatus according to one of Claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the apparatus comprises means for spraying water into the drying chamber (D). Apparatus according to one of Claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the processing means (2) are lockable by means of locking means (6). «· • · • M *» ·· »« · «*« • · «• ♦ ♦ ··« «· M · * · ·••••• I · • · · t t * * * * * M M M Mt 1 · · II «II 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 M M M M M M M M t t t t M M t M M M M t M M M M M M M M M M M t 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 119285 Förfarande för behandling av trä eller träproducter, i whisker förfarande det fuktiga träet eller treproductema (1) först prickly genome pressning and sedan genom uppvärmning ä attskad torkgrad uppnäs, träntecknat av (att deteran) 1) i första fas pressas mellan hanteringsorganen (2) i en presskammare (P) förblir i kläm mellan hanter (2) förblir i kläm mellan hanter (2) förblir i kläm mellan hanter (2) förblir i kläm mellan hanter 2) och den sa uppkomna kombinationen av hanteringsorganen (2) och träet ell er 10 stroke product (1) mellan dem förs account en torkkammare (D) där träet eller träproduktema ytterligare sulky och genom att that medium circulatory (d) med hjälp av ätminstone tä fläktar (10) ä, att det av fläkten luftflödet styrs account den i torkkammarens (D) motsatta aand belägna fläktens sugsida. 15 2. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av, att det behandlade träet eller träproduktema (1) i den första fasen, dvs. pressfasen, uppvärms, företrädesvis account högst vattnets kokpunkt. 14. Anordning enligt face av patentkraven 9-13, duct tape av, att anordningen omfattar utrustning som sprutar in vatten i torkkammaren (D). [] * 15. Anordning enligt nägot av patentkraven 9-14, kännetecknad av, att 30 hanteringsorganen (2) med läsdon (6) kan läsas i förhällande account for funds. • • · • · 9 9 9 · · 9 9 9 m m m m m m 9 m 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 »» 9 9 9 9 9