FI116780B - Method and apparatus for the manufacture of paving stones of site-cast concrete - Google Patents

Description

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREFABRICATED MOLDING OF CONCRETE COATINGS

The invention relates to a method as claimed in claim 1 and 5 and to a device as claimed in claim 4 in the form of ready casting of concrete paving stones.

Concrete paving stones are used as paving material; 10 for such surface coating. Common visits include: courtyards, light traffic lanes, park bridge beams and various ramps.

According to the prior art, the aforementioned head 15 is most commonly made in factory-molded concrete stones at the factory, molded and pre-dried, the concrete stones being deposited on the site side by side with p · and a compacted soil formed in the correct surface. The problem with this solution is the relatively expensive cost of the mj 20 coating. The factory house must be temporarily stored somewhere and, at the time of installation, stoned. This will cause additional problems. In addition, priming is skill-intensive and · ** ·; wrong and thus expensive. Similarly, the individual stones a, ···:. ·. 25 in place during the coating stage is slow and does not involve additional costs. The installation is handmade and: * 1 "heavy, so it is often difficult to find the right person.

«· To work. This again raises the cost of installation] • 9 · • ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

and expensive, the coating has also been made in the mold

• *; a thick layer of concrete directly over the surface to be paved. A further problem, especially in cold areas, is that the surface of the concrete surface is exposed to high stresses, which will break the coating.

5 When coating large areas, the area is often divided into rectangular rectangles, for example by means of molds made on the spot. In this case, 1: leaving or removing the casting residue is now the time required for mold making and dismantling. In addition, such molds are available in forms other than rectangular shapes.

U.S. Patent Nos. 3,930,740 and 4,135,840, the forerunner of making irregular ornamental patterns on fresh 15 surfaces. Both patents focus on producing irregular patterns by pressing grooves in the concrete with different molds. Patents are especially tools for making the aforementioned irregularities. Neither patent mentions m; 20 The importance of the required joint is due to the fact that the patterns resulting from the making of a municipal joint are important. In addition, the ... patent does not mention anything about how deep (the seams produced by the bones are. So the tools are s * * *: ··: intended only for decorative patterns.) »» »* ··! 25 lacks a good enough joint, jc · .. ·· Standing solutions are not suited to conditions where • * the joint seam due to extreme temperature fluctuations and tension on the ground.

I 30 In addition, the production of concrete stones by means of molds or the like; ** · *. ···. The bones show at least US patent 3 stoneware casting, the batches of which are transported in bulk for the final use solution problems already discussed above.

5 Old East German Patent Publication DD211597j; represent the production of concrete stones in the form of spot castings. solutions do not have separate compression lids, it is not mentioned that the seams are made over the concrete layer] Mana is e.g. poor quality result.

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French patent publication FRI.011.884 discloses concrete concrete blocks, in which the solution is one stone at a time. The device has no loose burrs that would move relative to the mold cell. Likewise, there are no structures that would protect the stone and fracture when lifting the mold.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned aspects and to provide an inexpensive, reliable, good and as easy to use method and method for producing localized paving stones as is known in the art; simply a solution according to the invention, the * * *: ·· β method is characterized by what is · * * 25 in the characterizing part of claim 1 and the inventive device is characterized by what is in the characterizing part of claim 4. Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is claimed.

: 30 • * · • · a a. * · *. An advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the r • »4 work stages can be omitted, since

the manufacturing and the preparation take place simultaneously

step at. It also has the advantage of avoiding ready storage and transportation, as the transportation of raw materials \ 5 is done directly to the destination. An added benefit is the slow, cumbersome, and physically strenuous Aser racket removal. Also, the advantage is, <

the surface of the tray does not have to be equally smooth J

slate in coatings made of latomo. In the invention, the bottom surface of the coating formed to the upper surface of the substrate. Another advantage is that the result is always consistent and good, because the upper surface is smoothed to a smooth surface before moving. A further advantage is the multiplicity of visual possibilities of the stretch seams in the <15 decorative patterns.

because you don't have to stick to wooden moldings or rectangular patterns.

it is also the case that the solution according to the invention has the ability to use concrete masses of different colors in a small area and thus easily forms colored artwork of different colors. The surface can also be ... rolled on a pattern roll.

In the following, the invention will be described in more detail by means of the following 25 examples, with reference to the following circuit 9 9, wherein: Figure 1 illustrates one embodiment of the invention. To simplify the process of making a device according to. 30 viewed, i · · ··· ·. * · ♦. Figure 2 illustrates in more detail a plan view of an apparatus implementing the inventive method.

Figure 1 is a simplified view of an apparatus solution 1 implementing the invention 5. The figure is not to scale. L includes a substantially horizontal support rail ί attached, for example, to a suitable tool 16, which may be a mini excavator for asphalt application or the like. The apparatus includes a mold carriage 3 and a support carriage 4, which are each accessible by their wheels 17 and 18 substantially at least one tread surface of the support rail 2, the carriage 14 having a substantially vertically. The support is moved horizontally by means of the force cylinder 13 The upper part of the mold carriage has a frame beam 6 which is supported on the running surface of the support rail 2 and is ... operable for movement to the force cylinder 13. At each end of the runl · **, there are downwardly-shaped molded arms with power cylinders 25 for vertical movement. The mold 5 is secured to the a ·· cylinder by means of at least two pistons and a piston * / ·· rod 8. Further, the frame beam 6 has a vibrating device corresponding to a hydraulic vibrating rod 2 30 attached to the lower end of the force cylinders operating substantially vertically. The hydraulic hammer is k

* ·· S

still at the lower end of the compression to cover lids • # * _.

6, or a lamellar earth-shaped mold 5 made of titanium plates 9, 10, pressed across the concrete mass layer in a horizontal position, is pressed through the arms 30 over the concrete mass and the mass is already somewhat compacted with respect to alkali. The unfinished concrete stone 21 is, in fact, significantly higher than the compacted one: 22.

Fig. 2 shows a bend-shaped shaping plate 27 in front of the mold 5, the function of which is to muc compact the next increment of the mashing sequence: a pre-desired distance to loosen. would fall on top of the finished stone as the mold 5 was lifted and 15 lowered. The compacted pulp of plate 27 is substantially at the same height level as the other burrs 25, while the loose pulp portion is at the rack and extends from its outer edge obliquely upwardly to the back of the mold 5 with substantially horizontal tin plate 26 which is at the same height as the other lids 25. The pointer plate 26 thus serves as a pointer, when it strikes the finished stone 22 y, * · the seal can be considered complete. Pointer · * • ·: β: also to clean the outer mold plate ···! 25 concrete masses in the lifting step of the mold 5.

··· * · .. * At the bottom of the lamellae, i.e. the mold plates 9, 10, towards the mold cell, for example, a rectangular shape 31, which serves to distribute the pressure evenly in the compact region. In addition, the opening 31 serves to leave the stones slightly adhered to each other by the mas: • The stones remain well in place in the pavement 11 7 because they remain in the seam 23 to be inserted into the seam 23 There are no openings 31 in the outermost plates.

Figure 3 shows a more detailed view of one of the cells of the mold and the figure is simplified with respect to parts that obscure clarity. The figure shows e.g. the structure of the lid 25 more closely. The compression cover 25 is 1 fresh and substantially thick steel sheet. Size 10 The life of the compression cover 25 is such that it fits snugly into the mold cell 9 and 10 m. On the underside of the press cover, all edges are rotated in a triangular steel profile 28 such that the outer edge of the profile is 15 as the underside of the cover. In this case, the profile 28 provides a concrete concrete stone in the step of crimping the edge of the triangle orbiting the edge of the stone. Similarly, when forming, the outer lower end of the profile 28 wipes the side surfaces of the bolts 9 and 10 clean from the concrete mass.

20

Correspondingly, on the upper surface of the compression cover 25, the base of the cover also rotates with a steel profile or the like which • • faces outwardly on the inclined surface 29. The profile can be e, I> ·: *: e: shown in the figure ...

· · ·! 25 profiles, but other profile formats work. The profile is in combination with the other side of the mold plate 9, 10 * * / ·: forms a guide pocket,: between the press covers 25 of the lower edge of the mold plate: pi. In addition, the lower edge of the mold plate 9, 10 is bevelled isi 30 to be more easily guided through the aforementioned slits and to allow i ....

. · * · Would be easier to press into the mur under the concrete mass; * · ··· a 1 substantially uniform thickness, whereby the thickness of the board is si 2 mm. The mold comprises either mold sections of the same coke as in Figure 4 or molded sections 5 of different shapes to provide a decorative pattern. The height of the finished mold kennel is substantially greater than the thickness of the liner to be manufactured. Thus, for example, the height of the mold plates may be about 300 mm. Loose concrete mass ti: 30%, so with 10 mm concrete layer thickness the finished 10 will eventually be about 80 - 85 mm high.

In one mold of the mold is shown a handle 2 which moves the lid 2 or vertically, and a profile for rotating the lid forming a sloping surface 29 with corresponding components.

In the method according to the invention, the concrete stone paving is carried out as follows: When the ground is in good condition, the pavement is leveled to the desired shape with a grain size of 0-16 mm 20, which is compacted and prepared. After that, spread a total of about 120 mm ··· · ... · layer of soil with a moisture content of about 5-6 p% on a surface of about 25 mm ··· · ... ·. Spreading is carried out in small areas, where the machines can be transported in small areas. Finally, the upper surface of the concrete mass is smoothed to the surface of the concrete.

:. ·. 30 • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · The mold carriage 3 is then positioned, for example, by bullet wire or laser blades, and the mold 5 is pressed as vertically as possible through san 19 and deep enough into the crush layer to form the anchor 5 firmly in place. 1 seems to be successful that the mold portion J of the mold 5 is larger than the thickness of the loose concrete mass 19. Formed into the crush layer 20 by means of force cylinders 7 after the crumb has been rolled, the mold 5 remains well in place

After the mold 5 has cut the loose concrete mass 19 into separate, molded section-shaped pieces, the mold is anchored, using force cylinders 12 of Puri 15 25 to press the mold cells into the surface and squeeze against. At this time, the concrete mass is sufficiently high to require the hardened concrete to cure.

··· 4 · * ·· * 'When sufficient sealing has been achieved, terminate I «4 5 .; : step and go to the next step. Here, the support carriage 4 is pushed by its wheels 13 against the working machine with a predetermined power cylinder which strikes exactly as long as the shape: * '* · the horizontal distance of the molded plates 10 is repeated * · ♦ the carriage 4 is accurately pressed. 30 15 through concrete mass 19 and firmly anchoring it]] ·· / rose 20. The mold 5 is then lifted up to the wood • * 10

In the next step, when the support carriage 4 is still anchored in place, the mold carriage 13 is moved exactly by the above stroke 5 by means of the cylinder 13 towards the work machine and thus towards the progress of the work. at the anterior seam of the finished batch of stone, and rotation may commence, pressing the mold 5 again through the toner mass 19 into the crush layer 20. Once the mold 10 is anchored to the crush, the anchor lamella can be raised and the machine moved with stroke of work. .

15 Proceeding in this way, the ends of the area to be covered are moved after, if necessary, leaving a new line, keeping t; everywhere still the same.

Finally, the compacted concrete stones are laid after kcvet 20 and the concrete stone pavement with the expansion joints is formed by cells 5 of the mold 5, adjoining concrete stones 22, each of which is surrounded by stones r J * f · * · * protecting it, extending to the crushed layer 20 ·· that works as an expansion joint. The joints are filled with 25 by brushing with fine filling sand.

* ·· • * · **

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiment illustrated, but may vary.

»* B

within the scope of the following claims. OF

:. ·. The solution of the present invention is not limited to the previous • ·! ! , ···, min for the workflow arrangement shown, but the method; * * 11 may differ from the above. In addition, the fashion walls 9 and 10 may be slightly wedge-shaped in position where the uniformity is thinned as it moves toward the wall 5, whereby the thickness of the mold at the bottom of the wall as at the top. The mold 5 is then easy to press into the mass 19 and also easy to lift out of the mass after making movements 23.

Furthermore, the lower surface of the compression lids 25 may be provided to decorate the upper surface of the concrete stones. The advantage is easy and simultaneous decoration with stones or process. Covers can also be quick locked 30, which allows quick and easy replacement of different covers with 15 doors

The apparatus may also be adapted for manual application of areas. One of the most important is to press the mold cell through the concrete mass into 20 rolls and seal the concrete with either lids, for example, with a small soil compactor on the mold. ··· • · / ·· * Another option is the use of colors. After application of * * * * · ί, a thin steel sheet of the desired pattern, such as tulip contour, is pressed into the concrete mass either by hand or through a 25, so that the upper edge is flush with the upper surface of the concrete mass. ': *** remove concrete mass from the area bounded by the steel sheet ·· «at a depth of a few centimeters and: 30 concrete masses dyed in place of the removed concrete mass * · *. the surface is leveled and the working method is continued • *

Claims (5)

A method of ready-casting concrete paving stones (22) in a method of forming a desired concrete shape (23) with a molded plate (9, 10) by means of a honeycomb-shaped tool (5). defective seams (23) being substantially extended; through the concrete mass layer (19), the concrete mass layer 10 in the direction extending the cells of the tool (5) to form the lower edge of the slabs (9, 10) onto the concrete mass layer (1) and compressing the concrete mass (19) 19) 1. Pressing the lids (25) in the cells of the tool (5) to the surface of the layer (19), pressing with the concrete masses (25) in each cell as much as possible and after pressing the tool mold plate 10 (25) between the compression lids (25) pa Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the tool (5) has a honeycomb structure with the plates (9, 10) disposed through the concrete mass 25 (19) and the compression lids (25) : for the cells between the plates (9, 10), the concrete mass ti and pressed by vibrating the press covers (25) be ft ·; 1 ··. against the upper surface. ·· 1. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, when lifting the honeycomb material of the tool (5) »(23) by means of a work formed by a honeycomb structure, the mold plates (9, 10) having a height of greater than the finished thickness of the concrete blocks (22) to be made by the device, wherein 5 (5) is at least m, in addition to the mold plates (9, 10}, by which the honeycomb structure of the tool (5) is 25) arranged to move with respect to the vertical mold plates (9, 10) within the Kenn <10 of the tool (5). Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the mold plates (9, 10) are of cross-sectional nature; its uniform thicknesses over the entire slab height, and that the height of the mold 15 (9, 10) is substantially greater than the legal ready-made thickness of the concrete concrete layer (19). Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the openings (31) at the bottom of the mold plates (9, 10) are provided for or alignment. A device as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the compression lids (25) are attached to a vibratory device such as a hydraulic hammer (··· * · * · Device according to one of the preceding claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the device comprises a mold carriage (3) carrying a tool (5) which is:., 30 movable vertically by at least one force,, ···) (7). , and horizontally at least one second * «