FI115154B - Hydraulic multi-disc clutch - Google Patents

Description

5, 115154

Hydraulically operated multi-disc clutch Hydraulikdriven flerlamellkoppling

The invention relates to a hydraulically operated multi-disc clutch for transmitting and softly coupling power and torque to a drive shaft, the switch comprising an axle and a cylindrical housing and actuator mounted on the drive / used shaft and rotating with said shaft. a hub member, an engageable and pivotable piston member which interacts with the piston bar, by guiding the hydraulic medium, the piston member is adapted to squeeze the plate pack to close the coupling and from which the pressure state is released by releasing the spring force to open the plate pack an which is provided with a drain valve due to the rotational movement of the switch; ' j '; 20 hydrostats due to centrifugal acceleration •; · To prevent the build-up of pressure in the pressure space between the housing and the piston part # · when the switch is rotated and engaged, the drain valve comprising

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valve body and a spring-loaded spindle movable within the body.

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• · «•» v: 25 One of the most notable problems with high-speed hydraulic driven clutches, such as tractor reversers, is the acceleration caused by the centrifugal force caused by the rotation movement. Hydraulically operated *; 'The couplings generally have a cylindrical space parallel to the axis of rotation having,.; The piston is driven by a pressurized fluid introduced into its cylinder. The piston, * 30, in turn, opens and closes the clutch pack, i.e. the clutch is used. Tractor; the frost inverter is designed for use with quite large rotation speeds. : at current speeds and must be able to change direction quickly. The acceleration caused by centrifugal force exerts hydrostatic pressure on the hydraulic cylinder 115154 2 roller medium in the coupling. When the clutch is released when the machine is running at high speed, the pressure exerted by centrifugal force closes the clutch and causes a drag, causing a problem of wear and especially of heating.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improvement to the above problems. To achieve the objects of the invention, the invention is essentially characterized in that the spring-loaded spindle of the drain valve is spring-loaded to an open position against the pressure prevailing in the pressurized state and the drain valve is provided with means for maintaining in the limiting cylindrical housing, as far as possible from the housing rivets, at a maximum distance from the axis of rotation of the switch such that the direction of movement of the spool of the drain valve is parallel to the axis of rotation of the switch. 15

The invention provides a significant advantage over the prior art, and the advantages to be gained can be pointed out that the rotation speed and the resulting centrifugal force do not have a similar effect on the operation of the coupling as in the previous solutions. As a technical solution, this is implemented in such a way that the coupling is provided with a drain valve which is not sensitive to the acceleration caused by centrifugal force ..!: *. Of course, attempts have been made to implement drain valve applications, but have failed to develop a solution that has not been substantially affected by rotation speed. Other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention.

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The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: * 30 is a schematic partial sectional view of hydraulic operations. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view detail of Fig. 1, i.e. a coupling drain valve.

In Figure 1, the hydraulic multi-plate coupling of the invention is generally designated 5 by reference numeral 20. The coupling 20 is disposed between the drive shaft and the driven shaft such that the drive and used shaft are coupled to and detachable from the respective switch. In Fig. 1, the drive shaft is denoted by reference numeral 21, and correspondingly, the hub portion engaging with the toothed bracket 26 is denoted by the reference numeral 22. The clutch 20 comprises a sleeve portion 24 and a cylindrical housing 23 mounted on the actuator shaft 21 on axis A.

A plurality of clutch plates 15 are disposed within the cylindrical housing 23, wherein the clutch plates are alternately rotatably coupled to an internal gear 29 in the housing 23 and an external gear 29 in the hub portion 22, respectively. The piston member 30 and the housing 23 define a pressure space 32 between which the piston member 30 can be axially displaced by introducing the pressurized fluid 20. ; A disc pack 27 for engaging the switch.

The clutch is released by releasing the pressure from the pressure chamber 32, whereupon the spring 31 moves the piston member 30 out of the plate pack 27 to disengage the clutch. Especially in those cases where the clutch 20 is intended for high speed rotating shafts'; coupling, such as, for example, a tractor reverser, whereby, of course, the rotation speed of the coupling is also high, the centrifugal force causes an acceleration which. · Exerts a hydrostatic pressure on the hydraulic medium in the pressure chamber 32 which depends on the length of the oil chamber in the radial direction. Therefore, the switch 20 30 is provided with a drain valve as shown in Fig. 1 at II and which '' will be described in more detail below with reference to Fig. 2.

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In Figure 2, the drain valve 10 is denoted by reference numeral 10. The drain valve 10 is mounted on the wall of the cylindrical housing 23 so as to connect the pressure chamber 32 to the unpressurized state. The drain valve 10 is further mounted such that it is located as close as possible to the axis of rotation A of the switch 5, which is subject to maximum hydrostatic pressure as the switch rotates. The drain valve 10 comprises a housing 11 mounted on the wall of the housing 23 and a spindle 12 movably mounted on said housing 11. The stem 12 is provided with a conical spindle pin 13 such that, when the drain valve is in the closed position, the stem pin 13 closes the valve opening 16. 14 in the open position against the socket ring 15. A flow hole 17 is formed in the spindle 12 through which a controlled flow takes place because there is a constant pressure difference across the hole. The drain valve 10 is mounted on the coupling 20 such that the axis B of the valve parallel to the movement of the spindle 12 is parallel to the rotary axis A of the coupling.

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The purpose of the drain valve 10 is to release the pressure medium from the pressure space of the free coupling 20 so that the hydrostatic pressure is not produced by the centrifugal acceleration caused by the centrifugal force in the high speed rotary switch, and in particular in its pressure space 32. This is implemented in such a way that through the flow hole 17 in the spindle 12 a controlled flow · · constant pressure difference over the hole can be achieved. The spring 14 and the size of the flow bore 17 are * ··· 'dimensioned so that the valve does not close when the switch is engaged in neutral.

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When pressure is applied to the pressure chamber 32 to close the switch 20, the pressure difference over the flow hole · · · '·' increases and increasing pressure begins to affect the pressure surface ... 25 18 of the mandrel 12, which depends on the mandrel diameter. As the pressure difference increases, the spindle begins to shift against the force of the spring 14, whereby the conical spindle pin 13 begins to constrict the flow out of the orifice 16 of the valve. Drain valve 10 spring 14 · ;;; thus, the pressure always has a lower pressure than the pressure 32 in the differential pressure.

Thus, during drainage of the switch 20, the desired and controlled flow through the drain valve 10 is achieved, which significantly facilitates pressure control to the pressure chamber 32. When the pressure in the pressure chamber 32 has increased to such an extent that the pressure acting in the region 16 5 11 515 4 is sufficient spring 14, valve closes, jacket pressure chamber 32 is fully pressurized, drain valve 10 is completely closed. The operation of the drain valve 10 described above has no effect on the high speed of rotation of the switch 20, since the direction of movement of the spindle 12 5 of the drain valve 10, i.e. the axial direction B of the valve, is parallel to the axis of rotation A.

The invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the figures in the accompanying drawings. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to the example illustrated in the figures, but different embodiments of the invention may vary within the scope of the inventive idea defined in the appended claims.

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Claims (3)

115154 6 A hydraulically operated multi-disc clutch for transmitting power and torque from a drive shaft to a drive shaft, the switch 5 comprising: - an axial and cylindrical housing (23) mounted on the drive (21) / used shaft and rotating with said shaft; a hub portion (22) rotatable with an axle, a pack of disc plates (27) disposed within the 10th cylindrical housing (23), with which said housing (23) and the hub portion (22) are rotatably connected to each other, - a cylindrical housing (23) a piston member (30) fitted and spring-loaded (31), which, together with the housing (23) 15, delimits a pressure space (32) into which the piston member (30) is adapted to squeeze the plate pack (27) to close the coupling and from which pain by releasing pressure from the ethylene (32), the spring force is adapted to open the disc pack (27), and: - each clutch (20) is provided with a drain valve (10) to influence the acceleration caused by the centrifugal force of the clutch; · To prevent hydrostatic pressure build-up by applying pressure (32) between the housing (23) and the piston part (30) of the coupling rotor and with the drain valve (10) engaged comprises a valve body (11) and a spring-loaded, 25 spindle (12) movable within the body! characterized in that - the spring-loaded spindle (12) of the drain valve (10) is a spring (14); force-loaded to the open position in the pressure chamber (32) against the prevailing pressure, and the drain valve (10) is provided with means for maintaining and providing a controlled flow 30 and pressure differential over the drain valve (10) during connection to the switch (20); ) is mounted on a cylindrical housing 115154 7 (23) limiting the pressure space (32) of the coupling, at a maximum distance depending on the housing dimensions from the coupling rotation axis (A) such that the direction of movement (B) of the drain valve spindle (12) . 5 A coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that a throughflow hole (17) is formed in the valve stem (12) connected to the pressure (32) of the coupling, wherein the pressure space (32) is connected out of said throughflow hole (17) and valve opening (16). ) before the tapered spindle pin 10 (13) of the valve completely closes the valve opening (16). Switch according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drain valve (10) is arranged to close completely at the latest when the pressure in the pressure chamber (32) is sufficient to activate the switch (20). 15 »§ * · • · • · I» ► · δ 115154