FI114021B - Device for composting bio-waste - Google Patents

Description

DEVICE FOR COMPOSING BIO-WASTE 114021

The invention relates to a device for composting mainly household food waste.

5 In the unit, food waste is collected in a round or square compostor that tapers upwards in a stepwise fashion. The elements of the composter have special multicolors, through which the waste receives oxygen from the air and rain / irrigation water. The soil also prevents odors from getting out and flies in. Plants grown on top of the composter push their roots into the compost mass and thus immediately utilize the nutrients of the compost.

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Composting is the decay of organic matter into humus (soil) as a result of microbiological activity. Housing produces so-called. bio-waste, ie food, garden and toilet waste. Composting can be divided into thermal and cold composting. The aim is to speed up the composting of food waste by using thermal insulators for composters, whereby the temperature may rise up to 70 degrees Celsius. Garden plant waste and dry toilet waste are generally composted in open-leaf compost, as plant waste and human feces do not attract pests. The temperature in leaf compost should not exceed 40 degrees Celsius, as it would kill plants and more advanced fungi and bacteria, such as earthworms.

20 • · • ·: 1: There are many drawbacks to current devices. According to a study by the Workforce Society, most home-made composters freeze in the freezing temperatures, despite the thermal insulation. • · ·. Is even a nuisance because temperatures above 40 ° C will kill eg earthworms. but be sure to water them »♦ | t 25. Composters have slots or valves to ensure ventilation •»

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through which the odors get out and the flies get into the waste. Some models have a composter: ''. is emptied from the bottom 2 hatches, but the mass flows uncontrollably to the bottom: ''; in the middle of emptying. A further problem in dry toilets is composting of feces and urine. Toilet waste should no longer be buried in the ground, but should be treated * 1! . · 1 1.30 without damage to groundwater and environment.

The device according to the invention provides a decisive remedy to the above drawbacks. To accomplish this, the device according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing parts of the claims.

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The invention has several advantages over current devices. The invention is hereinafter referred to as a stair composter according to its particular form. The stair compost can be made of any durable material (wood, plastic, metal, etc.) and its thermal insulation depends on the material or the quality of the separate thermal insulation. In winter, composting is also possible without thermal insulation if you empty the composter in the fall. The spring sun will thaw the frozen waste by April at the latest, as the composter will be installed in a sunny location. In a stair composter, the waste mass does not overheat, so the earthworms feel comfortable and in the fall they escape to the ground through the base plate. Through the multistage, the waste receives oxygen and moisture from the rain or by irrigation, and the drying of the waste is noticeable in the plants that desiccate. The soil also keeps any odors inside and flies out. Rodents do not pass through soil due to the small gap at the bottom of the gap and the metal plate. The stair composter can be emptied in a controlled manner from the bottom door by preventing waste from draining down during emptying. If necessary, the composter can be easily disassembled by lifting the elements over the waste. The composter is also suitable for composting toilet waste. The bottom plate must be replaced by a shallow-bottomed pool and a urine drainage duct to direct the excess urine to, for example, a submerged container. Most of the urine is evaporated in the stair compost spacer, making post-composting easier eg in leaf compost.

: ': In the following, the invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, where. , Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a square stepped composter 1 and. cut from A-A.

* ·. ·. Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a square stepped composter 1.

j ''. The conveyor shown in Figs. 1 and 2 consists of elements 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d which are: ': superimposed so that the elements are reduced upwards. Partially nested ,,.,: The spacing 9a, 9b and 9c are left between the edges of the elements which pass. Inside the elements. ' is made kannakelistat 3a, 3b and 3c, on which the upper side of each element is stationary.

'. Between the elements 2ab ... and the brackets 3ab ..., holes or slits 4a,> · v, 4b and 4c are made to allow oxygen and water and the roots of the plants 10 to be penetrated.

The holes can also be made through shelf rails which act as shelves. The size of the holes or slots is chosen so that the mice do not fit in, but the slides have access to the spacing when needed. The detachable bottom plate 8 is against the ground 11 and prevents rodents from entering the lower 114021 from food waste. Also, the bottom plate has holes of about 5-7 mm, which let out too much water. Food waste 5 is placed in compostor 1 through lid 6. The composter 1 is emptied so that the oldest waste (soil) is removed from the element 2a through the door 7. During emptying, waste is prevented from flowing with a few unintentional steel sticks 12 which are inserted during emptying. After emptying, the needles are pulled out so that the debris above can drain down and fill element 2a. The plants 10 are cultivated in the interstices 9, but due to drying only in the interstices 9a and 9b below the waste heap 5.

In particular, the device according to the invention is extremely versatile. In addition to home and cottage use, the stair compost is suitable for large apartment buildings and a large village compost because there is no upper limit on size. It is also suitable as a composting dry toilet for private homes and cottages. The number of elements may also be different from Figure 1. Versatile and easy to manage, it promotes composting of municipal bio-waste and contributes to reducing the amount of waste transported to landfill. Otherwise, it should be noted that the invention is not limited to the examples set forth in the specification and drawings, but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims.

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Claims (3)

1. Compostor (1) for composting biowaste, which comprises compost on pulp. * always draw on the preceding stacking element (2), the white elements are provided at least with side walls and form a composting space therein and are staircase upwards decreasing, characterized in that the preceding element (2) comprises on its inner surface a shelf (3). or correspondingly, on which the following element (2) can be mounted and the elements (2) are arranged to place part of its height overlapped with the previous one, said overlap portion being formed as a: the lower edge of the shelf (3): the positioning element (2) and the corresponding shelf (3) or through the shelf are slots or heels as a joint for worms. 5 114021 Compostor according to Claim 1, characterized in that for preventing the collapse of composting pulp, it is arranged at a desired height guided through the wall of the element and / or through the wall controlling most suitable horizontally oriented carriers, as well as rods (12), the carrying capacity of the composting pulp can be removed and the effect returned. Composter according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lower element is provided with a cover (7) and the upper element with a cover (6). > ♦ »•> · ·» * I