FI112063B - A method for controlling traffic at the interchange level - Google Patents

Description

112063

METHOD OF CONTROL OF TRAFFIC AT EXCHANGE LEVEL

The invention relates to a method according to claim 1 for arranging the movement of elevator groups.

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Tall buildings often have many elevator groups, and to control traffic between different elevator groups, a system should be developed to ensure that the elevator groups function in abnormal situations as well. Another problem with high-rise buildings is often the fact that, especially for passengers changing the elevator group, waiting times may become too long in the event of congestion, which impairs the performance of the elevator system.

15 High-rise buildings with more than 40-50 floors often have one or more sky lobby, which is served only by certain elevator groups. In this case the building is divided into at least two parts depending on the number of exchange levels. Elevator groups are often divided into zones in the height-20 direction of the building, so that a specific location can only be reached by elevators in a particular zone. Local lift groups serve each floor in their own zone. There are also fast zones in the building where elevators pass by several storeys without stopping. The lower part up to the exchange level: .i .: 25 is served by local elevator groups in their respective zones and upwards from the exchange level by a similar system in the local · · · ·; services group. The exchange level is reached directly from the ground floor by shuttle lifts, not shuttle lifts, · * ·. stop on the other floors.

30 ... Traffic congestion can be a problem at the interchange level when, for some reason, the transport capacity of an elevator group is too low. Traffic on the interchange level must be in balance with the traffic leaving it. 35 Congestion occurs, for example, in the morning when passengers · arrive at a building if there are no elevators in the »t» local elevator groups leaving the interchange. Congestion also occurs when shuttle lifts are down 112063 2 and the building has busy exit traffic. In the event of an emergency that is worse than normal entry and exit, such as evacuating passengers from a building in the event of a fire, earthquake or bomb threat, 5 levels of congestion are likely.

According to US 4,838,385, an algorithm has been created which coordinates the arrivals and departures of elevators at the sky lobby so that the time required for changing the elevators is minimized to 10. The object of the invention is to minimize the total waiting times in a building. According to US 5,785,153, elevators arriving at the exchange level are synchronized so that the shuttle elevators and the local elevators are at the exchange level at the same time. According to the invention, it is possible to control the speed of the elevators or to delay the elevator by keeping its doors open longer than usual. It is also possible to cancel or avoid elevator calls. According to the publication, empty elevators may be waiting at the top of the building, if necessary, or may have been directed to the ground floor.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel method for arranging elevator groups in a building so that traffic from the interchange level to and from there is balanced in an exceptionally heavy traffic jam.

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As regards the features which characterize the invention, reference is made to the requisite: · ·: Musical part.

«· ·, ···. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the congestion generated on the 30 level is controlled in an exceptional situation by considering the traffic between the different elevator groups. Advantages of the invention are that, by using the arrangement according to the invention, the congestion situation is preferably controlled at the exchange level.

The idea is to keep the traffic to the interchange level as high as the outgoing traffic, even when the transport capacity of the local group or shuttle group has momentarily decreased • i · ·· '. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the movement of elevator groups is arranged in buildings having one or more interchange levels so that congestion on interchange traffic is prevented by means of a group control system.

The group control system of the invention collects traffic information for the entire building from both local and shuttle groups and is thus aware of the traffic situation of the entire building. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, group control by means of a traffic predictor included in the system 10 predicts the congestion of the entry layer and the interchange level and identifies the type of traffic in the building. According to a preferred embodiment, the local elevator groups and the shuttle elevator groups monitor the number of passengers in and out of the elevator car by means of photocells and basket scales. The traffic information is transmitted to the house specific statistics control according to the invention. The group control system collects passenger traffic information from different elevator groups to predict queuing at interchange levels and in the entry floor. With the help of the Traffic Estimator 20 included in the control system, it calculates a prediction of the queue generated at the exchange level and preferably identifies the type of traffic in the house, according to which the allocation of elevator groups is determined. different service classes (TSC-class) to control the acceleration, speed and stop time of lift groups to balance traffic at the interchange level. Exchange level congestion can also advantageously be prevented by returning some or all of the free elevators to the congested floor, whereby the free elevators are empty elevators and are not reserved for other travelers' calls. To slow down the elevator group, the elevators are excluded from suitable elevator groups.

!!! If the transport capacity of the shuttle group does not correspond to the down; '·· Within a certain time, work is done to avoid congestion as follows: 35 scratches. It is possible to disable or reduce the filling level of the locals that supply traffic to the interchange level, thereby driving with an underfilled basket. In addition, the stop time of the elevators can be increased by 112063 4 and the acceleration or top speed can be reduced according to the situation. Correspondingly, the exit of the shuttle lifts from the exchange level must be accelerated in the down congestion, in which case the invention is carried out as follows. The acceleration of the shuttle lifts 5 or top speeds will be increased, and the service level for traffic coming from congested traffic will be lowered. Some or all of the free shuttle lifts will be returned to the replacement level.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the mixed traffic consisting of in and out traffic and interlayer traffic, the acceleration and speed of all elevator groups are increased.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the up-15 in a traffic jam, whereby passengers seek from the entry floor to the upper floors and congestion at the interchange level is expected, is carried out as follows. The acceleration and top speed of local elevators will be increased or the stop time of the elevators will be reduced on the upper floors or the service level of the downstream traffic will be lowered. The transport capacity of shuttle lifts is reduced, for example, by increasing the stopping time or by reducing the speed or acceleration of the elevators. Part of the shuttle. the stand can also be excluded from the group in the event of severe congestion on the switching platform * · ·: j.

In the following, the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

• · ♦ - Figure 1 shows an elevator group system commonly used in very tall buildings.

Figure 2 illustrates a method according to the invention in a block diagram.

:: 35 - Figure 3 illustrates the operation of the invention when the building has a down congestion.

112063 5

Figure 1 shows how elevator groups are arranged in a tall building. The building in the picture is served by local elevator groups A, B, C, D, E and F, which serve several floors within the zone. One local lift group can have 5, for example 4-8 elevators. Floors X are fast zones for local elevator groups where elevators do not stop. The exchange platform H divides the building into two parts, forming the end position of the shuttle lifts G from the entry floor I. At the same time, the exchange platform H forms an entry layer for the outboard press lift groups. The local elevator group F only serves passengers departing from interchange H downwards. The shift balances H are accessed by the elevator groups D and E arranged similarly to groups A, B, C. The elevators of the shuttle elevator group G only operate between the entrance I floor 15 and the exchange plane H, and do not stop at the other floors.

The group control system according to the invention is called ΜΕΤΑ. Figure 2 shows the connections of the ΜΕΤΑ group control system 20 according to the invention with other factors controlling the group of lifts. ΜΕΤΑ the group control system has been developed to control interchange congestion in abnormal congestion situations; such as when lifts are unavailable or when passengers are evacuated from the building due to an emergency.

· '··' 25 ΜΕΤΑ The control unit collects measured traffic data from each local elevator group. Each local elevator group and shuttle elevator group also has its own traffic forecaster, which transmits information to the control unit. In addition to the measured instantaneous data, the group control system ΜΕΤΑ according to the invention includes a traffic fore-, · <·, caster, which predicts the future load of the elevator groups. '!! building. The META control system is always aware of the traffic in the house and, based on these, it predicts * '·· switching congestion. META is a computer control system: 35 units which monitors the operation of elevators on floors by means of traffic data collected from each elevator group. The control unit also monitors passenger queuing at the entrance and exchange levels based on passenger arrivals 6112063 and departures. congestion is to be expected, ΜΕΤΑ the control system evaluates the type of traffic in the house and, in an abnormal traffic situation, directs elevator groups to resolve the congestion-5 situation to different TSCs (Traffic Service Classes).

When queuing is detected at the interchange level, which serves as the entry layer for high-rise lift groups above and below tall buildings, ΜΕΤΑ the control unit directs the groups to different service classes depending on the type of traffic in the building. The different elevator groups are simultaneously divided into different TSC classes depending on whether the service of that elevator group should be slowed down or accelerated in order to avoid congestion on the interchange level 15. Table 1 shows the division into different TSC classes. Based on TSC categories, the system changes the acceleration, speed, and stop time of certain elevators, including door opening time and door performance class.

20 TABLE 1. ΜΕΤΑ TSC Categories of Control System. TSC CATEGORIES LIFT ACCELERATION / door performance ι * 4 '* ·' __ class_ .. * Smooth__0.8-0.9 m / s2 / comfortable_ ',:,' High__1.1-1.2 m / s2 / top_ '; * '·' Normal__1.0 m / s2 / high_ <· * :; Table 2 shows the different types of traffic. The different types of traffic i * 25 in the building will vary according to the situation and, based on their * ·· ΜΕΤΑ control system, will divide the elevator groups into TSC- .'II classes to avoid congestion. Down congestion refers to> t; * traffic that passes through the upper floors | * ·· Rock. Upper congestion means traffic from the entrance:: 30 floors to the upper floors. Inter-storey traffic takes place between the upper floors, with no occupants entering or exiting the entrance floor of the building.

M I. I

Mixed traffic consists of input, output, and interlayer 112063 7 components. When there are no queues, there is light and normal traffic, with lifts moving without the effect of ΜΕΤΑ control. Depending on the type of traffic in the building, feedback is given to whether 5 free elevators are in the floors that need them, whether they are removed from the group, or whether they are speeding up or slowing down elevator lifts and stopping times.

TABLE 2. Different types of traffic in the building 10 TYPES OF TRANSPORT_

Alasruuhka_

Ylösruuhka_

Sekaliikenne_

Light and normal traffic

In the case of heavy downtime, antaa give the local elevator groups a TSC class 'smooth', whereby their acceleration is reduced to 0.8-0.9 m / s2 and the speed is reduced by 15 and the elevator stop times slightly increased (Table 1 .) to reduce the number of people entering the exchange. It is possible to disable or reduce the capacity of local elevators, whereby · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Similarly, family. . ·. 20 The TSC class of the bats is raised to 'high', whereby their. . ·. the acceleration is raised to 1.1-1.2 m / s2, the speed is increased and the free shuttle lifts are returned to the • · congestion layer under the control of META. In addition, the stop times of shuttle lifts are shortened (door performance class = top, Table 1).

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When a building is congested, a relatively large number of occupants will be sought from the up / down floor, so that congestion can be expected. If local group elevators are not in use, shuttle service will be slowed down and local group service will be accelerated. The acceleration of the local elevator groups is elevated to 1.1-1.2 m / s2 (TSC high) ·; · and the speed is increased and the stopping time of the elevators on the upper floors is shortened, so that the door operation speed also increases. . The level of service on local elevators is reduced for incoming traffic, i.e. downstream, against congested traffic. The shuttle group service will be slowed down by slowing the elevators to service class 'smooth', and in the event of severe congestion, it will be possible to exclude the shuttle-5 group from the group. In normal uptime, the elevators operate without the effect of ΜΕΤΑ group control, returning free elevators to the entry floor.

If the building has heavy mixed traffic, the service class (TSC class) of all elevator groups will be raised to 'high', whereby their acceleration will be 1.1-1.2 m / s2 and the top speed will be raised.

When no congestion is detected at the exchange level, all elevator groups are reset to TSC 'normal' (door performance 15 class = high, Table 1). During normal traffic, roller coaster lifts are restored to floors where traffic congestion is predicted by META control. In this case, the interchange level is operated so that the elevator leaving it is accelerated and the elevator arriving there is delayed.

20 The control system displays the traffic congestion status net information on the Building Monitoring System and thus informs the building manager about congestion situations. Information about congestion and empty elevators can also be displayed on the floor screens and on-screen displays (pre-'* ··' as text; 'space', 'full' or 'congested' * in the floor). The control systems of all the different elevator groups in the building are connected to the control system in and inform it about the status of the elevators and the number of people departing and arriving from different floors. The number of passengers traveling in and out of the baskets is measured by baskets and **. with photocells. Lobby detectors ensure congestion in the lobby.

: '·· 35 TSC categories also affect door speeds. In general, it can be said that in the event of congestion, the stopping time of the elevators is shorter and thus the opening hours of the doors and their closing and opening time are shortened outside of the congested floors. When adjusting them, you should take into account your travel comfort. Although there is often congestion on the entrance floor, stopping times should be relatively long and normal for ovino-5 speeds because of the large number of passengers.

Fig. 3 illustrates a building having elevator groups 20, 21 and 22 departing from the exchange level H. The elevator group 20 serves the floors below the exchange level. In Figure 10, the arrows indicate the direction of travel in a situation where the house has an exceptionally heavy downtime and only a shuttle group 22 reaches street level I. In the event of a downtime, there is a significant number of passengers entering the exit and congestion lift groups 15 can congest. Using the procedure of the invention, the elevator groups 20 and 21 tend to exchange level H, and in order to reduce the number of passengers to be loaded therein, the elevators can be disabled from groups 21 or 20 or run at a lower fill level, i.e. undercars. The arrival of the elevator groups 21 and 20 at the level H of the shift 20 can also be slowed down by affecting their stopping times, i.e., how fast the doors open and close and how long the doors are open or by reducing elevator acceleration or lowering the elevator speed. The service speed of the shuttle elevators 22 for changing, 25 calls can be increased by automatically returning the free elevators there without an external call. Other means of accelerating the arrival of elevators 22 to level I include increasing the acceleration of elevators, raising top speed, lowering the service level for inbound traffic where people travel from the basic "... · 30 floors to the upper floors of the house."

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various embodiments of the invention are not limited to the examples above, but may vary within the scope of the appended claims.

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Claims (13)

112063 A method for arranging the movement of elevator groups in buildings having one or more interchange levels 5 (H) serving as an entrance floor for local elevator groups serving certain floors above and below, and a shuttle G for commuting from the entrance floor (I) of at least one building ) as an end station in such a way that traffic congestion at interchange level 10 (H) is prevented by a group control system, characterized in that the group control system, through the traffic predictor included in the system, forecasts congestion in the entry layer (I) and interchange level (H). 15 A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the traffic information of all the elevator groups (A-G, Fig.1) of the building is collected in a group control system. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the local elevator groups (A-F, Fig. 1) and the shuttle elevator group (G) monitor the number of passengers traveling to and from the elevator car by means of photocells * * * and baskets. * * · 25 The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the group control system collects passenger traffic information from different elevator groups to predict the queue formation at the interchange level (H) and the building entry layer (I). ). • · • t • · · i> I ·. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevator group control deduces the prevailing type of traffic per house from the passenger traffic information received from different elevator groups. i t A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when congestion on the interchange (H) or entrance level 112063 (I) occurs according to the type of traffic specific to the house, the elevator groups (AG, Fig.1) are divided into different service classes for adjusting the acceleration, speed and stop time to balance traffic at the interchange level (H). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the service level of the building is improved by returning free empty elevators not reserved for invitations by other travelers to the entrance or upper congestion floors of the building. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the elevators of the building are excluded from the group in order to slow down the operation of the group of elevators. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the down congestion, where passengers are much sought from the upper floors to the exit floor, 20 are operated in accordance with one or more of the following steps, the elevators of the local elevator groups are disengaged. acceleration and speed, and increasing stop times,. 2. floors to reduce the number of passengers traveling to the exchange level. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in a down congestion, where passengers are much sought after by the other layers, to the exit layer, one or more of the following operations are carried out by the commuter shuttle groups. 1. acceleration and speed are increased and stop times • · **, shortened and some or all of the free shuttle lifts are automatically restored to the congestion layer from the interchange level::: 35 to increase the number of departing passengers. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in mixed traffic consisting of si-112063 inbound and outbound traffic and interlayer traffic, the acceleration and speed of at least one elevator group are increased. 5 A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the case of an overflow during a congestion at the exchange level, where passengers seek from the entry floor to the upper floors, one or more of the following operations are performed to increase the transport capacity of elevators. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the event of a congestion in the upstream congestion, where passengers seek from the entrance floor to the upper deck, one or more of the following operations are performed, shuttle speeds and acceleration are reduced, stopping times are extended • · ·> * · • * · «t • · · *« · • »· * t · i · * · • I» I t * • · * 13 112063