FI109779B - An element for producing a surface cladding and an element for making a fire cladding - Google Patents

Description

199779

The present invention relates to a cladding element for interior trim of ships according to the preamble of claim 1, and in particular to an element according to claim 7 for the fire insulation of high-speed vessels, mainly made of aluminum.

When designing faster vessels, the problem of keeping the weight of the vessel low enough has become 10. One of the factors that significantly increases the weight of the ship is the different fire insulation structures and the upholstery structures. Their problem has been the high basis weight of the materials used and the wettability of these materials, in particular the lighter materials 15, which naturally increases the weight of the structure considerably. In aluminum-built vessels, combating fire hazards is particularly important because aluminum loses much of its strength even at temperatures of 200'C.

20 Finnish patent application 760634 describes a fire protection element formed by a fire insulation placed between two steel plates. The edges of the element are::: formed by lips so that their edges can be · · · overlapped to form a planar surface with a fireproof seam. In this element, the rigidity of the structure is achieved by a housing structure formed by the surface plates and by bonding the plates together by means of insulation. Gesture:. ·. Mentally becomes quite heavy because of the need for 'j ·' two sufficiently rigid surface plates and mechanically durable '.30 insulation material. Rigid and rigid insulations have a high basis weight and, as the fire class requirement increases, the insulation thickness must be increased, resulting in a large increase in total weight, which is not permitted in high-speed craft.

"35 Finnish Patent 76973 discloses an elemental structure in which a wall is formed of a plurality of parallel-formed U-shaped profiles. Inside the profiles 109779 2 is provided an insulating material which serves to insulate and prevent fire propagation. is intended to be a load-bearing wall and thus its weight is quite high because it has to carry the weight of the devices mounted on the wall.When the wall is assembled from high curved profiles, a large mass is obtained for a given area unit. resistance.

Swedish patent 305 604 and Norwegian patent 135102 also describe structures for upholstery and fire protection elements for ships and other marine equipment.

Each of these elements has the weakness of their inflexible behavior in the event of a fire. Because many of these structures are intended to be at least partially load-bearing walls, they must be • stiff enough to carry the weight of the equipment hung on them and the rest of them. loads and vessel vibrations and bends.

; ·. In the event of a fire, the thermal expansion of the elements may cause deformations which may detach them from their retainers 25 or cause the seams of the elements to fracture, thereby losing the fire protection effect.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a lighter cladding element known in the art which is inexpensive to manufacture and easy to install.

In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a lightweight fire protection element having a protective effect according to the classification requirements and at the same time achieving the lowest possible weight.

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The invention is based on the fact that the body of the element is made of a perforated and bent metal profile that rotates the entire edge of the cassette, and a light cladding plate is formed on this edge forming the facade surface of the element.

An element such as the one described above is obtained as the most preferred embodiment of the invention by providing a fire cladding element by filling the space defined by the frame and the surface plate with fire-resistant insulation, in particular mineral wool.

More specifically, the element of the invention is characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing parts of claims 1 and 7.

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The invention provides considerable advantages.

Significantly lighter claddings can be made with the invention and the appearance of the cladding is highly adaptable. Thanks to the rotating frame, the size of the element can be freely chosen, because the element for each. '* ·. the edge becomes a load-bearing surface, so that the element ♦ · ♦ •. ·. roads can be attached to other elements from each side, unlike most previously known element '25. The elements can be manufactured flexibly for the application. . • •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• They are installed directly on the wall or ceiling. The elements can also be removed from the wall one by one, allowing the equipment behind the cladding, “30” and the structures to be maintained without dismantling the entire wall. The finished element can be dimensioned according to the installation site, thus minimizing the auxiliary work during installation. For example, no additional caulking or the like is required with the '··. * Ment. In this way, the yard does not need to assemble the elements 35 and insulate the ship while equipping it, which facilitates the planning and implementation of the work. A wide variety of insulation materials can be used in the cladding element, and since the insulation does not need to support the weight of the element, soft and lightweight insulators can be used, thereby significantly reducing the weight of the element. If necessary, hard insulation may be used at the edges of the element and against the face plate. Hard insulation can be used to stiffen the element and increase its fire resistance. The surface plate of the element can be made of strips whose edges are bent inwards and secured to each other, for example by spot welding. By varying the height of the fold, the stiffness of the element can be affected and at the same time the surface of the element is sufficiently rigid with very thin surface materials. Assembling the element surface plate from strips allows large surfaces to be sized into the same element from a very thin plate. When using this structure, materials of small width can be used to make large elements, so that large surfaces can be made with long and narrow strips. In this case, the instinctive dry widths of the raw materials do not limit the size of the individual element.

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Small rolling widths are a problem, especially for thin ones. '··. materials. The perforated edge frame prevents •. deformation of the edge of the element in the event of a fire, thus substantially improving the sealing of the seams. The fire resistance of the element 25 thus remains good despite its heating, since the fire cannot reach the: ·:: seams behind the element. Thanks to its controlled flexibility, the wall made of * · ♦ v * elements provides good sound and vibration isolation.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

I ... · Figure 1 shows one embodiment of the element from the front.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of Figure 1.

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Figure 3 is another sectional view of Figure 1.

Figures 4-6 show details of the element of Figure 1.

Fig. 7 shows one fastener suitable for fastening the elements according to the invention to the frame structures.

The element of Fig. 1 comprises a frame 1 made of a torn metal profile that rotates the entire element around the periphery 10. One long side of the exemplary element has a male tongue and the other a female and short sides formed flat. The dimensions of the element are 1000 mm x 2000 mm. Such elements are easy to assemble into a uniform surface and, if necessary, can be made into triangular, parallelepiped and other shapes for corners of the surface to be trimmed and other locations where they are required. The surface plate consists of eight strips 2 parallel to the short side of the element, which are fixed to each other by spot welding the folds formed on the edges of the strips 2 •• 20 18, 19. One embodiment of the joint is shown in Fig. ·. 4, where the edge of the second strip 2 is simple ···. a corner angle 19 and t »• on the edge of the adjacent strip 2. double fold 18 which circles the simple fold !!. ' 19. The height of the joint may influence the stiffness of the surface plate I i t '25 and thus of the entire element. The surface plate is preferably attached to the edge frame 1 by spot welding. The element 1: the frame 1 and the strips 2 of the surface plate are made by bending a stainless steel plate. The strips 2 are made with a special tool from a flat sheet, whereby a desired pattern, for example a stitch pattern, is made on the surface of the sheet. At the same time, the same tool is used to fold the edges of the strips. The depth of the pattern can be varied * ... · according to the requirements of the material and the object and, if necessary, very deep patterns can be made.

35 The strips must be made of a flat sheet, as in a pre-textured sheet, the patterning would cause stretching of the area of the folds 109779 6 during their manufacture so that the fold would not be accurate. The thickness of the material of the frame 1 and the proportion of the holes in the area are naturally selected according to the application, but the material thickness is preferably 0.2-0.4 mm and the proportion of the holes is about 50%. The surface plate can be very thin, for example, material thicknesses of less than 0.4 mm and even less than 0.2 mm are preferred for high lightness.

10 When the element is used only for surface upholstery, the surface material can be varied and there is no need to insulate the element. While the element is fabricated as a fire protection element, steel is to be used as the face plate and the inside of the element must be filled with suitable insulating material 9, 10 to insulate fire and heat from the structures behind the element. Usually, mineral wool is used as insulation in such applications. The lightest fire protection element is obtained by filling the space defined by the edge frame l and the surface sheet with a soft and light insulating wool - ^ * ^20. The wool is then attached to the element with sodium silicon. by means of a rope and bandages 5. There are two binding threads 5 in the long side of the element and j in the short side. three. The ends of the threads 5 can be attached to the edge frame and ·: ·. at the junctions of the threads 5, the threaded loops 4 of Fig. 6 through 25 through which. . the threads are threaded. The insulator 9, 10, by means of the sodium silicate and the yarns 5, remains well in place in the element and when the element is used in a horizontal position, for example in a ceiling, the yarns can be left out. Usually insulation; 30 is assembled from a plurality of layers 9, 10 covered with foil. In such a layered structure, different wools on different layers can be used.

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Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the element in the direction III-35 III. In addition, this figure illustrates, by way of example, an insulating solution other than that shown in Figure 2, in which the hen and the frame of the face plate 2 have a cut ceramic wool 6, 7 which is highly heat resistant. The cavity framed by the ceramic wool 6, 7 is filled with a soft heat-insulating wool 8 which can be enclosed in a foil to prevent its wetting 5. This insulation option has the advantage of having better moisture and heat resistance and greater rigidity, but is heavier than the element described above due to the ceramic wool 6,7.

Figure 3 further shows the structure of the tongues of the frame 1. The male tongue la forms a truncated wedge-shaped protrusion in the middle of the edge frame 1, and the female tongue Ib, respectively, extends an inwardly extending groove at the edge of the element. The edge on the face plate side of each tongue la, Ib forms a fold 11 in the center of the element, which is fixed to the frame 1 with a small gap between its surface and the fold 11. When the elements are fitted face-to-face, the seam between them can be covered with a tape that adheres behind the folds. A sealant can also be applied to the seam to increase water tightness and fire resistance.

Such a structure is particularly advantageous in fire protection elements because the elements are compressed to allow thermal expansion. tighter against each other. Because of the perforated circumference of 25 elements, each element is flexible, so the seams do not. . even if a flat butt seal is used as on the short sides of the element.

• · ·

For fastening the elements to wall or ceiling structures: 30, for example, a fastener according to Figure 7 may be used.

/. The body of the fastener consists of two tubes, a base tube 12 and a smaller diameter '···' threaded tube 13 attached to its end. The threaded tube 13 has a thread on its outer surface which can be secured to the bulkhead by 35 threaded holes or nylon nuts 20.

At the opposite end of the frame pipe 12 there is an internal thread 109779 for 8 bolts 14 and the fastener further comprises an insulating piece 15 and a washer 17. The fastener is screwed into the bulkhead at the junction of the elements and the insulating piece 15 is pushed over the frame pipe 12. Next, the elements 5 are fitted so that the body tube 12 hits the seam between them, but its end remains slightly below or at most the surface of the element. Next, the washer 17 is placed at the junction and the bolt 17 is tightened so that the washer 17 presses the elements against the insulating body 10. Such a fastener is used because of its low heat-conducting surface due to the tubular body.

In addition to the above examples, the present invention has other embodiments.

15

Figure 5 illustrates a structure that can be used in applications requiring special waterproofing where the upholstery is exposed to splash water or needs to be washed. In this case, the folding of the joints of the elements is made in accordance with Fig. 5 •• 20, which directs any joint that may have entered. '. from the bottom of the water seam to the outside of the upholstery. Water-holding • *. ”·. flexibility can also be increased by various seam structures, and the shape of the edge frame of the · · j element can be chosen quite freely, since the frame does not lose its flexibility properties when changing the edge shape i:: * 25. The proportion of holes in the frame area may vary, but about 50% is probably the most advantageous: ·· · and the proportion should generally be 30 to 70% to give the frame V * flexibility or stiffness. The proportion of holes required depends, among other things, on the thickness of the frame material, •• 30 and the shape of the frame. As previously mentioned, the material of the topsheet may vary depending on the application. In addition, the surface of the material may have various patterns which can also be used to increase the rigidity of the surface plate. It is advantageous to use spot welding in the joints of the element's sheet metal structure, but other joining methods are of course possible. Insulating fastening wires 109779 9 are preferably made of stainless steel, but wires made of, for example, synthetic materials can of course be used instead of steel wires.

* • · · · • # # i * * * · • · · t:: • · * • 9 · * * · * # · • t <• * f ·.

Claims (13)

10 109779 An element for producing a surface cladding, comprising element 5 for securing an element of the frame structure (1) rotating on each edge of the element to other elements and forming at least one surface plate (2, 3) attached to the frame structure (1), characterized in that ) are made of routed metal plate to make the frame stiff and flexible, with holes in the material of the frame (1) of 30 to 70%. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of the holes in the material area of the frame (1) is about 50%. Element »* * according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame (1) has a male tongue (la) !! at least at one of its edges and at least at one edge. a similar female tongue (Ib). * * • · * · '1 *. Element * 25 according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two, ···. on the edge of the element, the outer surface of the frame (1) is flat. <·. An element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface plate is formed of at least two strips (2) having a fold (18, 19) facing away from the surface of the strip (2) the folds (18, 19) of the strips are attached to each other to join the strips (2) into a continuous sheet. 5 Element according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thickness of the surface plate (2) is less than 0.2 mm. An element for producing a fire cladding element, comprising: - an element for attaching each element of the element to a further element, - for forming a cladding surface of at least one surface plate (2, 3) fixed to the frame structure (1); (1) and the face plate (2, 3) are characterized by a lightweight fire-resistant insulation, t »II * '· ·, · 25 fitted in the space, characterized in that the frame (1) is made of t ... routed a metal plate in which the holes represent 30 to 70% of the surface area of the material of the frame (1). * » Element according to Claim 7, characterized in that the holes represent 50% of the material of the frame (1). An element according to any one of claims 7 to 8, characterized in that the surface plate is formed of at least two strips (2) having a fold (18, 19) facing away from the surface of the strip (2) the folds (18, 19) of the strips are attached to each other to join the strips (2) into a continuous sheet. 10 Element according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the insulation is secured to the element by means of threads (5) extending over the dielectric, attached to the edge frame 15 (1) and extending into the folds (18, 19) of the surface plate strips. ) through the attached loops (4). Element according to Claim 10, characterized in that the dielectric comprises at least two layers of mineral wool (9, 10) separated by a foil. *. ·. Element according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the dielectric comprises ceramic wool (6, 7) fitted on a surface plate (2, 3) and an edge frame ··. (1) and the rest of the insulation layer is softer and lighter wool. Element according to one of Claims 7 to 12, characterized by a fold (11) of the frame 109779 13 (1) on the edge of each element, spaced from the surface plate (2) and facing the center of the element, and a sealing strip behind the folds (11) of the parallel element to cover the 5 joints between the elements. Element according to one of Claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the thickness of the surface plate (2) is less than 0.2 mm. 14 109779