FI107457B - Process and device for making a fibre material band - Google Patents

Description

107457

Method and apparatus for making a fiber web

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for making a tape from fibrous materials. The method can disintegrate the fiber bale, properly process the fibers and, for example, blend the desired additives into the end product and form the fiber into a ribbon, and finally be readily stored or delivered directly to the application.

Traditionally, fiber-like raw materials are made by spinning yarns and ropes 10, i.e. twisting the fibers around one another. Sheet-shaped or ribbon-like products are also made by felting, whereby the fibers are rested on one another and formed into a finished product, for example in a mold. Felting is often done with water or steam to facilitate shaping. Products made by spinning are often too dense for thermal insulation, and felting or the like 15 are not of sufficient strength, for example, to insulate log buildings.

Fiber felt can be made by feeding a fiber suspension to a porous surface through which air is drawn. The surface may be a flat plate (US 3,939,532), a rotating cylinder (US 2,940,133) or a rotating conveyor (FI36,825, FI52,477).

20

It is an object of the invention to provide a method for producing a strip of fibrous materials having properties particularly suited to the insulation of buildings. tämiseen. The structure of the tape is suitably porous to achieve good insulation performance. but still strong enough to withstand construction and manufacturing. 25 stresses. The method can influence the tape properties. ·· *. by selecting the appropriate fiber material modification rate and adjusting the process conditions. * !! you. The modified fiber can be temporarily stored, for example, in containers from which the fiber is recycled to the manufacturing process. After manufacture, the product can be stored on • · · * · * reels or directed directly to the application.

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The present invention solves the above problems and eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art and provides an efficient and economical method and:. ·. apparatus for making a tape of fibrous materials.

Said advantages are achieved by a method and apparatus according to the invention, characterized by ':' ': as defined in the claims.

2,107,457

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for making a tape from fibrous materials. In the method, the fibrous material can be delivered to a ripple where the fibers are separated. The fibers can then be suitably modified, added to the fibers and transferred to an intermediate container, intermediate storage, or directly to the manufacturing process. The strip is made by compression, whereby the fibrous material is passed through a pressurized tapered feed chamber where it forms a compacting fibrous mass. The condensed fiber mass is led by pressure through a narrower passage of the container, whereby the fiber mass is further condensed into a continuous ejection strip by the channel resistance.

10

The device implementing the method comprises a feed chamber having a feed head and an outlet end having a narrower cross-sectional area and a sealing channel even narrower than the outlet end. The fibrous material is fed by separate devices into the feed chamber, where the necessary pressure is obtained. The strip ejected under pressure can be led to a calibration device where the strip takes its final shape and dimension. Finally, the tape is stored on a reel or coil.

In the following, the invention will be described in detail with reference to some preferred embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic side and sectional view of the apparatus, Figure 2 is a side view and sectional view of the pressurized portion of the device of Figure 1. 3 shows the calibration section of the device of FIG. 1 rotated 90 degrees to the right.

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Figures 1 to 3 show an apparatus according to the method including a conveyor 2, **: shredder 3, intermediate containers 4 and 12, transfer and shaping device 5, barrier feeder 6, additive an. lifting devices 7, pneumatic devices 8, feed chamber 9, calibration devices 10 and storage devices 11.

..... 25 !!! The conveyor 2 is most preferably an inclined roller conveyor in which the bales 1 slide into the tear 3 mainly by gravity. If necessary, some of the rollers 2a of the conveyor 2 closest to the shredder 3 may be provided with actuators (not shown), whereby the passage of the bale 1 to the shredder may be controlled.

30 .., The shredder 3 comprises a shaft 3c mounted on the shredder body 3d, to which rods 3a acting radially as blades are fixed. The rods 3a are preferably of 3 107457 plate steel construction and are arranged to pass between or adjacent to the counter blades 3b fixed to the inner surface of the body 3d. The drive equipment belonging to the shredder is not shown.

The transfer and shaping device 5 in this embodiment is screw-like. It comprises drive means 5c, a body 5a and a forming screw 5b. The screw 5b is fitted tightly inside the body 5a. The device 5 is provided with an intermediate reservoir 4 located at the inlet end of the screw 5b and an intermediate reservoir 12 at the outlet end. The device 5 also includes an additive supply means 7 with a nozzle 7a.

The closure feeder 6 consists of a body 6b inside which is enclosed the closure members 6a attached to the shaft 6c. The members 6a are fitted tightly to the inner surfaces of the body 6b to form gas-tight chambers 6d bounded by these members. The drive equipment included in the feeder is not shown.

The feed chamber 9 consists of a substantially upright downwardly converging structure with walls in the upper portion 9b of the chamber at an angle B to the vertical and in the lower portion 9a at an angle A. which is best circular also includes a closing device 9c. The feed chamber 20 comprises additive feeders 7 with nozzles 7a and compressed air devices 8 with control systems 8a.

The calibration devices 10 consist of rollers 10b intermeshed with one another, with their sheath surfaces having grooves 10a at the same position relative to each other.

I I

In 25 embodiments, round. The rollers 10b may, if necessary, be provided with actuators: (not shown) or may be freely rotatable.

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In this embodiment, the storage device 11 is a reel for which the ribbon is made.;; ·. ritään.

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30 - ... The apparatus according to the method works as follows. The bale 1 is delivered by conveyor 2 to a ripple 3 where the fibers la separate and fall into the intermediate container 4. '· [·' In the transfer and shaping apparatus 5, the fibers la are further processed to a suitable processor, · with appropriate additives such as adhesives and molds 35, after which the fibers la are transferred to an intermediate container 12. The fiber processing stage *. the road is influenced by the structural details of the devices 3, 5 and by adjusting the speed of rotation of their drives. From the container 12, the fibers 1a are led by means of a shut-off feeder 6 to a pressurized feed container 9, the pressure of which is controlled by the control system 107a. In the feed tank 9, the fibers la begin to condense to the fibrous mass Ib as they move downward due to the tapering walls of the tank. The degree of sealing depends on the angles A, B of the upper part 9b of the conical container and the lower conical part 9a, as well. The resistance in the duct is directly proportional to the length L of the duct, the size D of the duct cross section and the amount of friction acting between the surface of the strip plug le and the duct walls. The magnitudes of the angles A and B and the dimensions L and D depend on the fiber material used and the characteristics of the fiber web desired. The magnitude 10 of the angle A is in the range of 0-20 degrees and the magnitude of the angle B is in the range of 5-30 degrees. The ratio of dimensions L to D is typically between 1-5. In order to initiate the formation of the tape, a closing device 9c may be utilized to provide the fiber plug le providing the necessary back pressure. The function of the system 8a is to adjust the pressure of the feed tank 9 so that the belt is formed at a constant speed. Chicken-15 is only 9e fed into the formed strip blank Id into the opening formed by the grooves 10a of the calibration device 10, where the strip blank Id is pressed into the finished strip le. Finally, the tape le is wound onto a roll 11.

The properties of the tape depend on the fiber material used, the degree of material modification, the geometry of the inlet tank and inlet duct, and the pressure used. A typical linen belt has a tensile strength of 400 to 900 MPa and a density of 50 to 70 kg / m3. As a fibrous material, it is preferable to use linen with headrests included.

: Λ: 25 The figures and the description related thereto are intended only to illustrate the present invention. The details of the device may vary within the scope of the appended claims and the inventive idea set forth in the description of the invention. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art: * · * that the process is relatively easy to automate using state-of-the-art process control and control devices. It is also possible to carry out the process 30 in parts, for example, so that the bale disassembly and fiber shaping as well as the additive material can be done by separate equipment. Modified fiber • · I ”can then be temporarily stored in suitable containers. The actual tape formation can • · '; This can be done, for example, by means of devices 8, 9 and 10 immediately in use.

: It is also possible to implement devices 8, 9 and 10 in whole or in part portable.

The feed chamber portions 9b, 9a may be, for example, paraboloid-shaped and channel 4 I t '. The cross-sectional shape of the van 9d can be almost arbitrary.

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Further, it will be obvious to one skilled in the art that an embodiment of the invention may vary within the context of operating conditions, customer needs, serial work, and manufacturing solutions deployed in mass production.

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Claims (9)

6 107457 A method for making a belt by compression of a fibrous material such as flax, characterized in that the fibrous material (1a) is passed through a pressurized tapered feeding chamber (9) to form a condensing fiber mass (Ib), the condensed fiber material (Ib) being through a narrower channel (9d) where the fiber mass is further condensed into a continuous ejection strip (Id) by the resistance of the channel (9d). 10 Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the strip (Id) to be discharged is led to a calibration device (10), in which the strip (Id) takes its final shape and dimension. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the necessary additives are added to the fiber (Ia) either in the feed chamber (9) or in the transfer and shaping device (5) or in the intermediate containers (4, 12). Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that by adjusting the pressure of the feed chamber (9), the velocity of the strip (Id) is discharged. 5. A device for making a tape from a fibrous material, characterized in that the device comprises:. i: - a feed chamber (9) having a feed head (9b) and a discharge area (9a) having a narrower cross-sectional area V'i 25, - means (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) for feeding fiber material to the feed head of the feed chamber; ·: * · '; - means (8) for applying pressure to the inlet chamber, and - a condensation channel (9d) narrower than the outlet end of the inlet chamber connected to the outlet end of the inlet chamber. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the feeding chamber (9) • · ·; ' consisting of a substantially upright downwardly converging structure, with a upper part (9b), a lower part (9a) and a channel (9d) with closing means (9c). 35 '. The device according to claim 5 or 6 , characterized in that it includes • · .. calibration devices (10) 7 107457 Device according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the upper part (9b) and the lower part (9a) are conical in shape and the channel (9d) is circular in cross-section. Device according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the calibration devices (10) consist of rollers (10b) placed in relation to one another, the surfaces of which on the jacket are at the same point with respect to one another.