FI106931B - Screen crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

Screen crusher for a shovel for an excavator or shovel loader, in which the rear wall between the bottom plate 1a and the pivot joint 6 connected to the arm of the shovel have been formed as a crushing screen 2, which has crushing members 9 rotatable about an axis 3, which in rotation crush objects in the shovel and at the same time feed crushed objects from the shovel through the crushing screen 2. Viewed in the feed direction F of the crushing screen 2 the closed end of the crushing screen 2 has a slotted plate 10, which is arranged so that an acute- angles crushing gap is formed between the slotted plate 10 and the said feed direction F. Above, the feed direction F has been defined as a plane, which touches the rotational peripheries 9' of the crushing members 9 on succeeding axes 3. <IMAGE>

Description

, 106931

Screener Crusher

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a screening crusher for a bucket for an excavator or loader, the rear wall between the bottom plate and the pivoting joint associated with the bucket arm being formed as a crushing screen.

Such a screening crusher is known from U.S. Patent No. 5,405,092.

It has proven to be particularly useful for screening and crushing all types of soil. Often, however, there is a need to crush relatively hard pieces such as soft stone, lightweight concrete, etc. construction waste or frozen blocks. kami. The known screen-15 crushers are unable to do this, but leave harder bits of material in the bucket without crushing.

It is an object of the invention to further develop said screen crusher so that it is also applicable to relatively hard material such as soft stone. . ·. 20 and, of lightweight concrete and similar construction waste or pieces of frozen earth <«<. shredding.

This object is achieved by the invention on the basis of the features set forth in the appended claim 1 · · ·.

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In the following, the invention will be illustrated by way of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the figure shows a side view of a screen crusher according to the invention and FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the screen crusher according to FIG. · - ·. rear crushing barrier area.

«· 106931 2

In the case shown, the screen crusher is associated with an excavator bucket 1, which is punctured. Of course, it can also be a hoe-shaped bucket, whereby the structure of the fastening means 1b has been modified accordingly. The bucket 1 is thus secured to the shovel 5 of the excavator by means of fastening means 1b and a pivoting joint 6. The screen crusher according to the invention can also be built into the bucket of a bucket loader.

Between the bucket bottom plate 1a and the pivot joint 6 is a rear wall formed by the crushing screen 2, through which the crushed and sieved mass flows as the crushing screen 10 operates. Here, the bucket 1 is turned to a position where the crushing screen 2 forms the bottom of the bucket and the bottom plate 1a points more or less upwards.

The hydraulic motor 5, through the chains 4, rotates the shafts 3 on which the screening and crushing elements formed by the baffles 15 7 and the crushing teeth 9 are arranged. The shafts 3 are substantially horizontal, i.e. parallel to the pivot axis 6 of the bucket. The spacers 7 surrounding the shaft 3 are fixed to the shaft 3 at an axial distance apart. This distance is selected to correspond to the desired screening coarseness and can therefore vary with the various purposes used; 20 with sieve crushers.

: '\ The lugs 8 of the crushing teeth 9 are disposed between the blade holders 8a and secured in place by means of, for example, through-holes (not shown). The blade holders 8a, in turn, are welded between the spacers 7 and the shaft 3. The position of the crushing teeth 9 may rotate in a spiral-like manner when moving in the axial direction of the shaft 3. The tips of the teeth 9 extend beyond the perimeter line * · ... ♦ of the baffles 7 and have their rotation circumference denoted by the reference numeral 9 '. The shark position of the spacers 7 is selected to correspond almost to the spacing 3 'of the rotary axes 3, whereby the circumferences of the spacers 7 on the parallel axes almost touch each other. Thus, the shafts 3 with the spacers 7 form a kind of mesh,. through which the crushing means 9 feeds mass as the shafts 3 rotate.

• »106931 3

In the case shown, the bucket 1 comprises four pieces of pipe shafts 3, all of which have the same direction of rotation.

Larger solid bodies that cannot fit through the crusher screen 2 and to which the teeth 9 cannot sink and grasp to perform crushing are displaced on the crusher screen by the teeth 9 pushed toward the crushing mite formed between the wear plate 10 and the crusher screen 2 (feed direction F).

The wear plate 10 is disposed so as to form an acute angle crushing bead on the material to be crushed between the wear plate 10 and the feed direction F of the material. Although the feed direction of the individual bodies may vary greatly depending on where the pivot ring 9 engages with the body, the general or main feed direction F may be considered to be substantially parallel to the plane of rotation of the crushing members 9 'on successive axes 3. With the feed direction F thus defined, the angle of the receiving barrier can be said to be in the range of 60 ° to 25 °, preferably in the range of 45 ° to 30 °. In this case, the crushing joint is sharp enough to effectively break the teeth 9 against the solid bodies against the abrasion plate 10. Figure 2 shows with arrows A how the teeth 9 of successive axes 3 get a good grip on different sized bodies that wedge in the feed direction F 9 crush the songs smaller. The pieces continue to be crushed until they fit into the openings of the aforementioned sieve structure. As shown in FIG. 2, at the bottom of the receiving cross-section V-shaped receiving ridge, the rotation circumference 9 'of the crushing members 9 touches the leaving edge of the wear plate 10 with a small clearance.

, ♦ »· • 1 ♦ ·« · ·. During crushing, bucket 1 is held in a position where said feed direction: "y: 30" F is slightly upwardly inclined. In this case, as the rotation of the crushing members is blocked, the shafts 3 can be rotated backward to change the feed direction. the block causing part also flows out of the crusher due to gravity. After this, the supply drive 106931 4 can be restarted immediately. On the other hand, if the bucket is held in a position where the material is pushed by gravity to the crushing spindle, the blockage can often not be eliminated by a simple fast feeding cycle. During crushing, the bucket 1 can be rotated such that the feed direction F is initially relatively steeply upwardly inclined and, as the material in the bucket decreases, the feed direction F is turned toward the horizontal and eventually slightly downwardly.

The wear plate 10 is made easily replaceable because of the considerable wear load it exerts and the plate 10 can wear out in a relatively short period of time. In the case shown, the two-part wear plate 10 is secured to the frame plates 11 by means of fastening screws 12 which engage the threaded holes in the wear plate 10 from the back of the frame plates 11 to which the ends of the screws 12 are welded. The welding site is designated by reference numeral 13. Thus, the side of the wear plate 10 on the side of the crushing barrier 15 is smooth and the partially worn plate 10 can be easily removed. Reference numeral 10 'denotes an extension of the wear plate 10, which may be an optionally operable part, the use of which depends on the article to be crushed. By using the wear plate extension 10, larger pieces are subjected to crushing action, i.e., by the third, the murs-20 spindle members of the last shaft begin to crush the largest pieces against the extension 10 '. Without the extension 10 ', the crushing teeth 9 on the last two axes 3 perform crushing against the plate 10.

• · • ·

The frame structures required to support the wear plate 10 can also be arranged to be easily removable, whereby the crushing lacquer can be disassembled and the device functions as a normal screening device that does not crush hard materials.

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The tread surface of the wear plate 10 need not be smooth, but ribs parallel to the flow of material (e.g., welded to its edge deck) may be added thereto. 1 »»

Claims (6)

A screening crusher for a bucket for an excavator or loader loader having a rear wall 5 between the bottom plate (1a) and the pivot joint (6) associated with the bucket arm, to form a crushing screen (2) comprising crushing members (9) rotatable about an axis (3) and at the same time feed the crushed material out of the bucket through the crushing screen (2), characterized in that the end of the crushing screen (2) as seen in the feed direction (F) of the crushing screen (2) has a wear plate (10) (10) and said feed direction (F), when the feed direction (F) is defined as a plane tangential to the rotation rings (9 ') of the crushing members (9) on successive axes (3). Screening crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the replaceable wear plate (10) is fixed to the body plate (11) by means of fastening screws (12). Screening crusher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the angle of the crushing barrier is in the range of 60 ° to 25 °, preferably in the range of 45 ° to 30 °. Screening crusher according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, at the bottom of the crushing bar of V-shaped cross-section, the rotating circumference (9 ') of the crushing members' (9) touches the leaving edge of the wear plate (10). • · · • • • · · · · · · · Screening crusher according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rotation axes (3) of the crushing elements (9) are substantially horizontal, i.e. · · * substantially parallel to the pivot axis (6), and that the teeth (·) 9) are separated by spacers (7) which surround the rotation axes (3) of the crushing members at an axial distance from each other, said distance being selected to correspond to the desired screening roughness and the diameter of the spacers (7) being selected almost to the axis of rotation; such that the baffles (7) together with the crushing teeth (9) form said crushing screen (2). 6 106931