FI104612B - Harvesting assembly - Google Patents

Description

104612

Head Manufacturer

The invention relates to a harvester head having a feeder for feeding the tree trunk 5, and pruning blades for pruning the tree trunk during its feeding and pruning blades for debarking the pruned tree trunk. The invention also relates to a method for pruning wood.

Current harvesters harvest, cut and cut 10 logs. To this end, they have a harvester head having a saw for felling the wood and cutting down the felled wood to size, feeders for feeding the wood through the harvester head, and pruning blades for pruning branches from the wood thus fed. Harvester heads of this type are known from many patents, such as Finnish Patent 79927 and US Patent 4,742,854.

The Finnish patent application 961209, which has become public after the priority date of the application for the invention, is known as a debarking blade in connection with a harvester head, wherein the debarking blades are after pulling rolls 3. A harvester is known from Swedish Announcement No. 464397. Here are shown active members 22, 23 for barking wood positioned downstream of the feed rollers 32 and 33. In addition, U.S. Patent 3941174 discloses a harvester head in which pruning and debarking blades are arranged in the same chain. This allows the harvester head to be combined with pruning and debarking steps, along with felling and felling. Peeling is then not required separately; ·· own hardware.

• · · • · «* ·

It is an object of the invention to provide a harvester head in which the position of the debarking blades: T: 30 is optimized. To accomplish this purpose, the harvester head is characterized in that the debarking blades in the feed direction immediately after the pruning blades are a separate structure independent of the function of the pruning blades, with either the pulse harvester II (\ reciprocating actuator or harvester head drive rollers: • The scraper blades can be used regardless of the function of the pruning blades, since they are located in their own structure immediately after the pruning blades. • There is no separate feeder between the pruning blades and • 4 peel blades.

104612 2

The invention and its advantages will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a harvester head according to the invention, ψ Fig. 2 illustrates the attachment of a debarking blade to a harvester head structure;

Figure 1 shows the position of the different parts at the harvester head from the side. This is a heart rate harvester that can be mounted in place of a normal agricultural loader grapple. The cutting of wood 15 is performed by a cutting member 4, which is a cutting guillotine blade pressed through the wood by a hydraulic cylinder, with the holding paws at the blade holding the wood in place. Pruning of branches takes place in the so-called. HR-go. The hydraulic cylinder within the harvester frame beam pushes the pruning blades 2 forward while holding the wood in place with the retaining blades 5. When the pruning movement is complete, the pruning blades 2 automatically tighten, the retaining blades 5 open and the wood frame P moves forward with the return movement of the pruning blades 2. The feeder 1 thus consists of an actuator on the harvester head body, such as a hydraulic cylinder, which causes the reciprocating blade 2 to move back and forth.

25

Following the pruning blades 2 in the feed direction of the tree body P (i.e., in the reverse direction of the pruning blades), the pruning blades 2 are provided with various debarking blades, which are schematically depicted in Fig. 1: * ·· roll 3. Thus, pruning blades 2 perform pruning , 30 peeling blades 3, perform the peeling.

Figure 2 shows one possibility of attaching the stripping blades 3 to the harrow head. The peeling blades, not shown, are attached to flexible wide chains 6, two of which are arranged to pivot about the frame P of the wood-35 on opposite sides. One end of the chain is secured to the harvester head frame and the other end to a rod 7 pivoting in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tree, one tree on each side of the frame P. Each arm has its own hydraulic cylinder 3 104612, and the hydraulic cylinders can operate simultaneously in parallel. The cylinders 8 cause the blades to close hydraulically around the wood as the shafts close, and due to their flexible chain-like structure, the blades are well adapted to the appearance of the wood 5 as the pruning and peeling proceeds from the base to the top. Thus, the peeling can be done precisely according to the surface of the wood. The peeling force can be adjusted hydraulically to suit different types of wood and to the degree of freezing of the wood.

Figure 3 shows an example of how the actual peeling blade 3 can be secured to the chain 6. The chain may be multi-row and the actual peeling edge 3a may be in a blade piece secured in the feed direction of the wood behind the chain. There may be a sufficient number of such pieces around the circumference of the wood, i.e. the length of the chain. The blade angle and inclination angle 15 of the blade can be selected to suit. Figure 3 also shows how the ledge 3a is inclined with respect to the feed direction of the wood frame P.

Of course, other types of structures for attaching the debarking blades 3 so that they surround the tree trunk during its feeding are possible. For example, concave rotating rollers having concave peeling blades on a concave surface may be used. In addition, the blade chain structure shown in Fig. 2 can be further developed by arranging the chains to be rotatable, i.e. they are passed in closed loops via guide rollers attached to the pivot arms.

; 25

The blades can in principle be placed anywhere in the pruning; ·· After the blades, for example about 20-30 cm from them. As mentioned above, the blade angles and angles of the blades may vary, but in all cases they must be flexible in order to accurately peel the different thicknesses of wood. The mode of operation of the blades can also be selected to achieve the best peeling result, that is, peeling can be done by scraping the blade or by cutting, which is mainly influenced by blade tilt and blade angle.

Although referred to above with a heart rate harvester, the invention can also be used in a harvester head having a feeder with drive rollers, whereby the pruning blades stay in place and prune as the feed rollers pull * ·. 'Through the pruning blades. 4 104612 before the feed rollers The above harvester head can be attached to a boom which can be moved to grip the trees.

The method can be applied to integrated wood harvesting methods.

5 It can be used for pruning and debarking of felled timber immediately after felling, or for pruning and debarking in a temporary storage facility where the tree is imported as a full-grain log harvest. The pruned and peeled wood obtained by the process can be used as a raw material for pulp and paper and the branches and bark as fuel. Method 10 can be used in existing harvesters or an apparatus with multiple pruning-stripping units can be built on the bottom. The equipment is also suitable for pruning and debarking at the mill site, where the trees are imported as full or partial wood, whereby the method is an alternative to, for example, drum or hole rotor-15 debarking.

The advantages of the new method are low cost, low power requirement and mobility. Peeling is performed in the harvester at the same time as pruning, thus eliminating the separate peeling step. Because harvester 20 handles one tree at a time, the debarking unit is very small, inexpensive and has low power requirement. In addition, the bark is immediately fresh and the bark is easily removed from the wood.

• · · * * *

• I

• · · t • I n «« «• ·« • · «« «« f · * • · · • «« 'I · I i

Claims (4)

A harvester assembly comprising a feeding device (1) for feeding a tree trunk (P) and twigs (2) for branching the tree trunk during its feeding, and barking blade (3) for barking the branched tree trunk, characterized in that the blades (3) are in the feeding direction immediately after the blades as a separate structure independent of the operation of the blades (2), the feeder (1) being either a stroke twitch actuator performing the forward and backward movement of the harvester assembly in the feeding direction after the bark leaves. Harvester assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the barking leaves (3) are attached to a flexible chain (6) which can be closed around the tree trunk (P). 3. A method of branching a tree in which a tree trunk (P) is measured longitudinally to branch the tree, and that measured at the same branching stage also by barking leaves (3) with which the branched tree trunk is barked, characterized therein. barking of the branched tree trunk with existing barking blades (3) immediately after the branching leaves (2), independent of the branching leaves (2), and the tree trunk being measured with a forward and backward actuating actuator or with traction rollers existing after the barking leaves (3) . • · «• · · • ♦ · 9 m • • · • ♦ • it • ♦ · ♦« • · * • ♦ · • · • ·· • »· • · · t II • * • I« «· I 4 «f« S