ES2950895A1 - DEVICE FOR SPORTS TRAINING OR REHABILITATION (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for sports training or rehabilitation. The present invention is directed to a device for sports training or rehabilitation that comprises magnetic elements. In particular, said device is adaptable to different user profiles and a wide range of different physical sports and rehabilitation exercises; such as strength, balance and proprioception exercises. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

DEVICE FOR SPORTS TRAINING OR REHABILITATION

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a device for sports training or rehabilitation that comprises magnetic elements. In particular, said device is adaptable to different user profiles and a wide range of different physical sports and rehabilitation exercises; such as strength, balance and proprioception exercises.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

With the aim of performing physical and rehabilitation exercises that help a user, subject or individual to improve their strength, coordination, balance and reaction time in certain situations, it is recommended to perform strength, proprioception and balance work. . This type of work may involve the use of material, both free loads and machines, regardless of the level of the user; That is, said material can be used at both an amateur and professional level.

The aforementioned exercises consist of applying, by the user, a controlled force on the material. When applying said force, the user must maintain balance at all times, said balance resulting in external stimuli that favor the user's reflex muscular reactions. In these works, a gradual increase in difficulty is sought, progressively increasing the load, in order to achieve gradual training or rehabilitation of the individual, which would avoid possible injuries or relapses. Thus, it is essential that each exercise is perfectly adapted to the level and needs of each particular user.

In the field of sports and rehabilitation training, devices based on mechanical principles based on the elastic force of materials or on the state of unstable equilibrium of certain geometries, which have an associated harmonic movement, are known to date. Additionally, gravity training systems are also known, such as treadmills without gravity.

Typical unstable balance exercises require the use of a large inflatable ball, also known as a Swiss ball. These exercises aim for the user to work on their balance by staying on it. Although these exercises are adaptable and modular depending on the level of the individual, they require a high degree of skill and end up being inappropriate for most users.

Another option known in the state of the art is the device described in patent application US4801140A. This device is a foam hemisphere and the balance exercises consist of arranging the device with the flat side facing up, so that the user can place himself on said flat side and can develop his skills trying to maintain balance. However, a disadvantage of the design of the device of this patent application is that it requires a high degree of skill on the part of the user before the user can actually maintain his position temporarily on such an unstable platform. Therefore, as with the Swiss ball, these devices are not aimed at a broad audience and are not suitable for beginning users to receive appropriate gradual training or rehabilitation. Thus, the use of said platform by a large part of the users requires the help of therapists and/or additional balance accessories. Without this help, the platform is only accessible to trained athletes and professional athletes.

Other variations of devices based on hemispherical platforms are known in the state of the art. Among them, hemispheric devices with adjustable central mounting of several levels stand out, such as the one described in patent application US 5810703 A; devices designed for use on land as rehabilitation balance boards or in water as a rehabilitation device, as a fitness device and/or as a floatation board, such as that described in patent application US 5643154 A; devices that make use of a plate adapted to exercise various muscle groups, such as that described in patent application US5643165 A; or inflatable balance devices, such as that described in patent application US2003054927 A.

Although all of these known devices aim to adapt and modulate as much as possible to different user profiles, they still require a high degree of skill to use, which makes them unsuitable for the training and rehabilitation of a large part of the target users. .

Therefore, there is a need for an improved device that can offer the user to perform a wide range of exercises, completely adapted to the purpose (training or rehabilitation) and the user's profile, regardless of their initial physical condition.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention proposes a solution to the previous problems by means of a device for sports training or rehabilitation of a user according to claim 1 and a system for sports training or rehabilitation of a user according to claim 17. Preferred embodiments of the invention.

A first inventive aspect provides a device for sports training or rehabilitation of a user that comprises:

at least a first magnetic element configured to generate at least a first magnetic field B1,

at least a second magnetic element configured to generate at least a second magnetic field B2,

at least one first sports or rehabilitation device configured to house at least one first magnetic element;

at least one second sports or rehabilitation device configured to house at least one second magnetic element; and

wherein the at least one first magnetic element and the at least one second magnetic element are configured to repel each other with a magnetic repulsion force Frep inversely proportional to the distance z between the at least one first magnetic element and the at least one second magnetic element and directly proportional to at least one first magnetic field Bx and at least one second magnetic field B2; and

wherein the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element are configured to each receive an approach force Fa applied by the user such that:

1) if the sum of the approach forces Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element exceeds the repulsion force Frep at a certain distance z between said elements magnetic, the distance z between the magnetic elements decreases;

2) if the sum of the approach forces Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element equals the repulsion force Frep at a certain distance z between said magnetic elements, the magnetic elements reach an equilibrium position z =

Zeq; and

3) if the sum of the approach forces Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element is less than the repulsion force Frep at a certain distance z between said magnetic elements, the distance z between the magnetic elements increases.

The device of the first inventive aspect aims to enable a user to perform sports or rehabilitation training based on magnetic technology.

Throughout this document, sports training will be understood as any type of systematic physical exercise that pursues the optimal development of the physical qualities of the user or subject. Furthermore, rehabilitation training will be understood as any type of physical exercise that seeks to restore a function or physical capacity lost by the user or subject. In both cases, there would be a place for strength, balance and proprioception exercises, among others, which will be adapted to the specific purpose sought and the user's profile.

The device according to this first inventive aspect comprises at least one first magnetic element and at least one second magnetic element, each of which generates a magnetic field, B ¹ and B ² . Throughout the document, a magnetic element will be understood as a piece or body with magnetic capabilities; preferably a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.

Each of these magnetic elements is housed or integrated into a sports or rehabilitation device. Such devices will be understood as any instrument, machinery, gadget, utensil or mechanism that is suitable for performing physical exercise. For example, a fitball type ball or a hemispherical platform.

The magnetic fields of the magnetic elements are configured to repel each other with a magnetic repulsion force Frep that is inversely proportional to the distance z between them and directly proportional to said fields. This magnetic repulsion force is what allows the user to perform the sports training or rehabilitation exercise; In particular, the greater this repulsive force, the greater the effort that the user must make, making said physical exercise more demanding.

To do this, the magnetic elements integrated into sports or rehabilitation devices are configured to each receive a certain approach force applied by the user. Approach force means the force that the user must apply (with hands, arms, legs, feet, knees...) to bring one of the sports or rehabilitation devices with one of the magnetic elements closer to the other, or bring both sports or rehabilitation devices closer to each other.

Note that the device may comprise a plurality of sports equipment, but each exercise will require the approach of only two of them. For example, the device may comprise a number n>2 of disks, each of which houses a magnetic element, and the user will perform an exercise by bringing two of said disks closer together.

The user, therefore, performs the physical exercise by applying the aforementioned approach force, so that the following premises are met:

1) If the sum of the approach forces Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element exceeds the repulsion force Frep at a certain distance z between said magnetic elements, the distance z between the magnetic elements decreases.

First of all, it should be noted that the user may only apply an approach force to one of the sports or rehabilitation devices while the other remains static. For example, when there is a magnetic element on a static fixed platform and one or more magnetic elements on a mobile disk. In this case, the approach force received by the fixed device is zero and the total approach force will be the approach force that the user applies to the mobile element.

On the contrary, it may happen that the user applies a different approach force to each sports or rehabilitation device. For example, when there is of two moving disks that the user tries to bring together. In this case, the total approach force will be the sum of the absolute values of both approach forces.

When the magnetic elements are at a certain distance, there is a specific repulsive force that must be counteracted by the approach force applied by the user for the physical exercise to be carried out. Thus, if the user manages to apply an approach force greater than the repulsion force in said specific distance, the magnetic elements (and therefore the sports or rehabilitation devices) come closer to each other; that is, the distance between the magnetic elements decreases.

As mentioned previously, the repulsive force between magnetic elements is inversely proportional to the distance. In this way, the closer the magnetic elements are to each other, the greater the approach force applied by the user must be to reduce the distance between them.

Additionally, the repulsion force is proportional to the magnetic fields of the magnetic elements. Thus, the more powerful the magnetic fields generated, the greater the force that the user will have to apply to bring the magnetic elements closer.

Advantageously, by varying the power of these magnetic fields, the exercises can be adapted to the different needs of the users who are training or rehabilitating.

2) If the sum of the approach forces Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element equals the repulsion force Frep at a certain distance z between said magnetic elements, the magnetic elements reach an equilibrium position z = z eq.

For a given distance, if the user applies an approach force that equals the repulsion force, the magnetic elements will reach an equilibrium position between them; that is, they will not approach or move away from each other as a result of the forces of repulsion and approach.

In an example, this situation may be due to the user's physical capabilities having reached a limit and being unable to apply an approach force greater than that of repulsion. In another example, this situation may be due to the user performing a balance exercise that consists of trying to maintain this specific distance between the magnetic elements for a predetermined time.

3) If the sum of the approach forces Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element is less than the repulsion force Frep at a certain distance z between said magnetic elements, the distance z between the magnetic elements increases.

Finally, at a certain distance, when the user applies an approach force below the repulsion force, the latter causes the magnetic elements to separate from each other.

The device of the invention is highly versatile, since by regulating the magnetic field generated by one and/or another magnetic element, more or less intense repulsion forces can be available, which makes it possible to adapt all physical exercises to different user profiles and purposes. For example, an elite athlete will require these fields to be much more intense to train their muscles than a sick person who requires rehabilitation to recover lost muscle functionality.

In an example in which the magnetic elements comprise permanent magnets, the magnetic fields are regulated simply by changing the magnetic element(s) that generate them in one or both sports or rehabilitation devices. These fields will depend on the size and material of said magnetic elements.

In another example, the magnetic elements comprise electromagnets and the magnetic fields are regulated by varying the current that circulates through them. Additionally, if the magnetic elements comprise electromagnets, the magnetic fields also vary depending on the size of the coil used in said electromagnets. That is, the larger the electromagnet coil, the more powerful the magnetic field generated is.

This versatility is also reaffirmed by the wide variety of sports or rehabilitation devices in which the magnetic elements can be located or housed. For example, to work on arm strength, two moving elements, for example discs, can be used; To work on balance, a fixed hemispherical platform and a moving disc can be used; etc

For example, a fixed platform can be provided on one side that can house a first magnetic element comprising a plurality of permanent magnets, each of which generates a different magnetic field; and on the other hand, a plurality of mobile discs can be provided, each of which houses a second magnetic element, each of these second magnetic elements generating a different magnetic field. In this way, the different combinations of magnetic fields and devices allow users to perform different physical exercises to train or rehabilitate adapted to their particular needs.

In one embodiment, the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element comprises a plurality of permanent magnets.

As mentioned above, at least one of the magnetic elements contemplated by the invention may comprise permanent magnets. Advantageously, by simply varying the size of the magnet and/or its material, more or less powerful magnetic fields can be available, which will allow physical exercises to be adapted to the different needs of the users.

In one example, at least one of the sports or rehabilitation apparatus of the device is configured to house one of a plurality of permanent magnets interchangeable with each other, each of which can generate a different magnetic field (for example, a platform configured and sized so that magnets of different sizes can be inserted and removed). In another example, sports or rehabilitation devices have permanently integrated magnetic elements, so that, if different exercises require magnetic fields of different magnitudes, the user has to change the sports or rehabilitation devices (for example, use for each exercise a couple of different discs, depending on the intensity required by each of them).

In a particular example, all magnetic elements of the device comprise permanent magnets.

In one embodiment, the device additionally comprises power supply means and wherein the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element comprises at least one electromagnet, the power supply means being configured to provide electric current to the device. at least one electromagnet of the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element.

In this other embodiment, at least one of the magnetic elements comprises an electromagnet. Throughout the document, electromagnet will be understood as a type of magnetic element in which the magnetic field is produced by the flow of an electric current. This current is provided by power means.

Advantageously, the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet is easily adjustable by controlling the electric current that passes through it.

In a particular example, all of the magnetic elements of the device comprise electromagnets. In another example, some magnetic elements of the device comprise electromagnets and other magnetic elements of the device comprise permanent magnets. In another example, at least one of the magnetic elements of the device comprises a combination of electromagnets and permanent magnets.

In one embodiment, the device additionally comprises magnetic field control means configured to control the first magnetic field B1 and/or the second magnetic field B2.

As mentioned, controlling the magnetic field of the magnetic elements of the device allows it to adapt to the particular exercise that a user is going to perform. Thus, in this embodiment, magnetic field control means are advantageously contemplated thanks to which the magnetic field of one and/or another magnetic element can be regulated.

In one embodiment:

- if the at least one first magnetic element comprises at least one first magnet permanent, the magnetic field control means are configured to vary the first magnetic field B1 by switching the at least one first permanent magnet; I

- if the at least one second magnetic element comprises at least one second permanent magnet, the magnetic field control means are configured to vary the second magnetic field B2 by switching the at least one second permanent magnet; I

- if the at least one first magnetic element comprises at least one first electromagnet, the magnetic field control means are configured to vary the first magnetic field Bx by modifying the electric current provided by the power supply means to the at least one first electromagnet; I

- if the at least one second magnetic element comprises at least one second electromagnet, the magnetic field control means are configured to vary the second magnetic field B2 by modifying the electric current provided by the power supply means to at least one second electromagnet.

In this embodiment, more particular examples of magnetic field control means are described.

In case the at least one first magnetic element comprises a permanent magnet, the magnetic field control means are configured to switch said permanent magnet to vary the magnetic field B1. For example, if the sports or rehabilitation device has several permanent magnets, the magnetic field control means would allow switching from one to another to vary said magnetic field. In another example, if the sports or rehabilitation device has a specific arrangement of several permanent magnets, the magnetic field control means would allow the polarity of at least one of said permanent magnets to be varied to modify the magnetic field B1.

The magnetic field control means, being configured to act in the same way, can vary the magnetic field B2 if the at least one second magnetic element comprises a permanent magnet.

In case the at least one first magnetic element comprises an electromagnet, the magnetic field control means are configured to vary the first field magnetic ^modifying the electric current provided by the power supply means to at least one first electromagnet. In one example, the magnetic field control means comprise processing means that command the power means to deliver a certain electric current to the electromagnet.

The magnetic field control means, being configured to act in the same way, can vary the magnetic field B ² if the at least one second magnetic element comprises an electromagnet.

In one embodiment, the at least one second magnetic element comprises:

- a central electromagnet or central permanent magnet configured to repel at least one first magnetic element;

- a first plurality of electromagnets or permanent magnets arranged along a circumference surrounding the central electromagnet or central permanent magnet and configured to attract at least one first magnetic element; and - a second plurality of electromagnets or permanent magnets arranged along a circumference surrounding the first plurality of electromagnets or permanent magnets and configured to repel at least one first magnetic element.

In this embodiment, a particular configuration of components of the second magnetic element is exposed, said components being arranged in the form of concentric circles of different polarities. Both the central component and the two circular arrangements of components can be formed by electromagnets or permanent magnets.

In this case, the central component and the outermost circular arrangement repel at least one first magnetic element while the central circular arrangement attracts it. In this way, there is a repulsive force between both magnetic elements but, at the same time, an area of balance is provided between the center and the outside of the arrangement of components of the second magnetic element.

first magnetic element. Advantageously, the user is prevented from receiving a blow and, therefore, being damaged by the first magnetic element due to said uncontrolled repulsion.

Preferably, in this embodiment the at least one first magnetic element comprises a permanent magnet.

In one embodiment, the at least one first magnetic element comprises:

- a central electromagnet or central permanent magnet configured to repel at least a second magnetic element;

- a first plurality of electromagnets or permanent magnets arranged along a circumference surrounding the central electromagnet or central permanent magnet and configured to attract at least one second magnetic element; and - a second plurality of electromagnets or permanent magnets arranged along a circumference surrounding the first plurality of electromagnets or permanent magnets and configured to repel at least one second magnetic element.

The arrangement mentioned in the previous embodiment for the at least one second magnetic element can be extrapolated to at least one first magnetic element according to what is described in the present embodiment.

Preferably, in this embodiment the at least one second magnetic element comprises a permanent magnet.

In one embodiment, the polarity of the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element is reversible.

In this embodiment it is contemplated that the polarity of the at least one first magnetic element and/or the at least one second magnetic element can be modified.

Said change in polarity, in the event that the magnetic element comprises a permanent magnet, requires switching the faces of said permanent magnet. In a preferred example, the magnetic field control means is configured to perform said face switching.

On the contrary, if the magnetic element comprises an electromagnet, the change in polarity requires a reversal in the direction of the current passing through the electromagnet. In a preferred example, the magnetic field control means comprise means of processing that command the power supply means to deliver the electric current to the electromagnet in a certain direction.

Advantageously, the versatility of the device is even greater since the polarity changes of the permanent magnets and/or electromagnets, in turn, allow control of the magnetic fields and, therefore, greater adaptability of the device to different exercises required by users.

In one embodiment, the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device and/or the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device is additionally sized and configured to house the magnetic field control means and/or the power means.

In a preferred example, when magnetic field control means and/or power means are available, the first and/or second sports or rehabilitation device is a platform that comprises a housing with the appropriate dimensions to be able to house said means.

In one embodiment, the device additionally comprises coupling means that can be attached to at least one first sports or rehabilitation device and/or at least one second sports or rehabilitation device, the coupling means being configured to:

- attach to a foot or shoe of the user; either

- attach to a knee of the user; either

- attach to a user's hand; either

- attach to a user's wrist; either

- attach to a user's leg; either

- attach to an arm of the user; either

- attach to the user's chest; either

- attach to the user's abdomen.

The device, in this embodiment, comprises coupling means that can be attached to and detached from the first and/or the second sports or rehabilitation device. These coupling means are configured to attach to a part of the user's body with the aim of making it easier for said user to perform the exercise.

In this embodiment, different parts of the user's body are exposed to which the coupling means can be coupled, without prejudice to the fact that said coupling means can also be coupled to other parts of the body that may be suitable in the context of the invention.

For example, if one of the magnetic elements is integrated into a flat or hemispherical platform and the other magnetic element is a disk, the device may comprise coupling means attached to the disk that can be attached to the hand or foot of the user to that he exerts an approach force with his arm or leg on said disc to try to bring it closer to the platform. Said coupling allows the exercise to be perfectly controlled, without the possibility of the disc being repelled uncontrollably by the magnetic element of the platform. In this way, it prevents the user from receiving any damage during the exercise from said uncontrolled element.

In another example, if both magnetic elements are integrated into two discs (or other type of mobile device) and an exercise is required to train or rehabilitate the adductors, the coupling means will be knee pads attached to the aforementioned discs so that the The user can position said discs in the adductors and can strengthen these muscles by applying an approach force between them.

In one embodiment , the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device and/or the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device comprises fixing means configured to fix said at least one first sports or rehabilitation device and/or at least a second sports or rehabilitation device to a surface.

In this embodiment, it is contemplated that the sports or rehabilitation device(s) can be fixed to a surface, understood as the floor, a wall, a support or a table, among others. To do this, the device has fixing means; for example, one or more suction cups.

Advantageously, these fixing means allow the sports or rehabilitation device to be located wherever the user desires, thus increasing the versatility of the device, and allow it to be temporarily fixed to increase the safety of the device. This fixation It would prevent an unexpected sudden movement of the sports or rehabilitation device, which prevents the user from receiving any type of damage while performing the exercise.

In one embodiment, the device additionally comprises guiding means sized to house within it at least a first sports or rehabilitation device and/or at least a second sports or rehabilitation device, and

wherein the guiding means are configured to guide:

- at least one first magnetic element from a first position to a second position, the second position being closer to the second magnetic element than the first position; I

- at least a second magnetic element from a third position to a fourth position, the fourth position being closer to the at least one first magnetic element than the third position.

In this embodiment, it is contemplated that the device additionally comprises guiding means. The dimensions of said guiding means must be such that they house the first and/or the second sports or rehabilitation device inside.

These guiding means are intended to help the user in the task of bringing the magnetic elements closer during sports or rehabilitation exercise. That is, they serve as a guide for the user during the movement of the sports or rehabilitation device(s) from a first position to a second, closer position. In this way, it is encouraged that the approach between the magnetic elements, which occurs as a result of the application of the approach force by the user, is carried out in a controlled and guided manner, preventing the repulsion force between said elements from repulsing them. violently and may cause danger to the user performing the exercise.

In one example, the guiding means are in the form of a tubular element and the sports or rehabilitation devices are two discs with a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tubular element. Thus, the user would insert both discs at both ends of the tubular element and could bring them together guided by the tubular element itself. Said tubular element, at all times, prevents the force of repulsion from causing one or both discs to repel each other in an uncontrolled manner and potentially hitting the user.

In one embodiment:

- the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device comprises an inwardly concave receiving area configured to house at least a second magnetic element; either

- the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device comprises an inwardly concave receiving area configured to house at least one first magnetic element.

In this embodiment, it is contemplated that one of the sports or rehabilitation devices comprises an area intended to receive the magnetic element located in the other sports or rehabilitation device. In this way, it is encouraged that the approach between the magnetic elements, which occurs as a result of the application of the approach force by the user, is carried out in a controlled and guided manner, preventing the repulsion force from moving the magnetic elements away from each other. violent manner and may hit the user, causing damage while performing the exercise.

In one embodiment:

- the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device is fixed and the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device is mobile; either

- the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device is mobile and the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device is fixed; either

- the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device and the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device are mobile.

In this embodiment, the different options for mobility or immobility of sports or rehabilitation devices are contemplated.

Throughout the document, it will be understood that a device is fixed when the magnetic element it houses cannot be moved by the user during the exercise and it will be understood that a device is mobile when the magnetic element it houses can be brought closer by the user. user to another magnetic element during the exercise.

When one of the devices is fixed, the other device must be mobile since the device of the invention requires that the user apply an approach force, at least, on one of the magnetic elements. An example would be a flat platform to which the user brings a disk or any other type of mobile device.

Another option is that both devices are mobile and the user has to apply approaching forces to both in order to bring the magnetic elements they house closer to. An example of this option would be two disks that the user brings together.

Advantageously, the device of the invention expands its versatility so that the greatest number of exercises possible can be performed with it, adaptable to each user and particular purpose (training or rehabilitation).

In one embodiment, the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device and/or the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device is:

- A disc; either

- An eraser; either

- a ball; either

- a hemispherical platform; either

- a flat platform.

In this embodiment, different types of sports or rehabilitation devices are exposed, without prejudice to the fact that there may be other different ones that are also valid in the context of the invention.

In one embodiment, the approach force Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element and/or the second magnetic element is between 50 and 1000 Newtons.

The approach force range of this embodiment is a preferred range for performing training and rehabilitation exercises.

In a second inventive aspect , a system for sports training or rehabilitation is provided that comprises:

at least two devices for sports training or rehabilitation according to the first inventive aspect, wherein

at least one device is positioned on a horizontal axis of the system, and

at least one device is positioned on a vertical axis of the system.

In this second inventive aspect, a system is described with two or more of the devices described above, these being arranged in a vertical plane and in a horizontal plane.

Advantageously, through a single system, the user can perform exercises aimed at different parts of the body.

In a preferred example, the system comprises two devices, each of which comprises a first sports or rehabilitation device in the form of a fixed platform. The system comprises a vertical wall and a horizontal wall intended to rest on the ground, both walls being joined. One platform of the system is arranged on the vertical wall and the other platform is arranged on the horizontal wall.

The devices additionally each comprise a plurality of second sports or rehabilitation devices, such as discs. In this way, the user can train or rehabilitate the upper body by bringing the magnetic elements of one of the second sports or rehabilitation devices closer to the vertical platform and can train or rehabilitate the lower body by bringing the magnetic elements of the other second sports or rehabilitation devices closer. rehabilitation to the horizontal platform.

All features described herein (including the claims, description and drawings) may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive combinations of such features.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become more clearly evident from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment, given solely by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying figures. .

Figure 1 This figure shows an embodiment of the device for sports training or rehabilitation according to the invention.

Figure 2 This figure shows an embodiment of the device for sports training or rehabilitation according to the invention, where the second magnetic element comprises a particular distribution of permanent magnets.

Figure 3 This figure shows an embodiment of the device for sports training or rehabilitation according to the invention, where the second magnetic element comprises a particular distribution of electromagnets.

Figures 4a-4b These figures show the parts of the body of the user or subject where the coupling means can be coupled according to one embodiment of the device for sports training or rehabilitation of the invention.

Figure 5 This figure shows an embodiment of the device for sports training or rehabilitation according to the invention that comprises guiding means.

Figure 6a-6f These figures show a plurality of physical exercises for sports training or rehabilitation that require the use of the device according to various embodiments of the invention.

Figure 7 This figure shows an embodiment of the system for sports training or rehabilitation according to an embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 shows a particular embodiment of the first inventive aspect of the invention, where the device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation comprises at least one first magnetic element (1) configured to generate a first magnetic field B1 and also comprises at least a second magnetic element (2) configured to generate a second magnetic field B2. In this particular example, the device comprises a first magnetic element (1) and three second magnetic elements (2).

Each of the magnetic elements (1, 2) has two poles (white face and black face) of opposite polarity. When two different magnetic elements (1, 2) approach each other, orienting two poles of different polarity (that is, a black side and a white side), those magnetic elements (1, 2) attract each other. However, when two different magnetic elements (1, 2) approach each other, orienting two poles of the same polarity, those magnetic elements (1, 2) repel each other.

In the particular embodiment of Figure 1, the first magnetic element (1) is oriented in such a way that its black part faces the black part of the second magnetic elements; that is, the first magnetic element and the second magnetic elements are arranged so that the faces that have the same polarity are facing each other.

As can be seen, the distance between the surface of the first magnetic element (1) facing the surface of the second magnetic elements (2) is the distance z.

In this same particular embodiment, the first magnetic element (1) is housed in a first sports or rehabilitation device (3) and the second magnetic elements (2) are housed in a second sports or rehabilitation device (4).

In one example, the first sports or rehabilitation device (3) is a mobile disc that houses the first magnetic element (1) and the second sports or rehabilitation device (4) is a platform that houses the three second magnetic elements ( 2).

In other embodiments, the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3) and/or the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) is:

- A disc; either

- An eraser; either

- a ball; either

- a hemispherical platform; either

- a flat platform.

In another embodiment, the device (100) comprises a plurality of first magnetic elements (1), each being housed in a first sports or fitness device. rehabilitation (3) different; more particularly, on a plurality of discs.

In other embodiments, the first sports or rehabilitation device (3) houses more than one first magnetic element (1).

Also in other embodiments, the second sports or rehabilitation device (4) houses more or less three second magnetic elements (2).

Returning to the embodiment of Figure 1, the first magnetic element (1) and the three second magnetic elements (2) are configured and arranged in such a way that they repel each other, as already mentioned. Said magnetic elements (1, 2) repel each other with a magnetic repulsion force Frep which is inversely proportional to the distance z and directly proportional to the first magnetic field B1 and the magnetic fields B2 of each of the three second magnetic elements (2). .

Furthermore, in that embodiment, the first magnetic element (1) is configured to receive an approach force Fa applied by a user on one of the surfaces of the first magnetic element (1); in particular, that not facing the three second magnetic elements (2). By applying said approach force F a, a user tries to bring the first magnetic element (1) closer to the second sports or rehabilitation device (4), that is, to the three second magnetic elements (2). In a particular embodiment, said approach force Fa is between 50 and 1000 Newtons.

In the event that the approach force Fa received by the first magnetic element (1) exceeds the repulsion force Frep generated by the repulsion between the first magnetic element (1) and the second magnetic elements (2), at a certain distance z between said magnetic elements (1, 2), the distance z between the magnetic elements (1, 2) decreases. Therefore, the user advances the first magnetic element (1), and by extension the first sports or rehabilitation device (3), towards the second magnetic elements (2) and the second sports or rehabilitation device (4).

In the event that the approach force Fa received by the first magnetic element (1) equals the repulsion force F rep, at a certain distance z between said magnetic elements, the magnetic elements (1,2) reach an equilibrium position z = zeq. Therefore, the user keeps the first magnetic element (1) in the same position, and therefore extension of the first sports or rehabilitation device (3), with respect to the second magnetic elements (2) and the second sports or rehabilitation device (4).

In the event that the approach force Fa received by the first magnetic element (1) is less than the repulsion force F rep, at a certain distance z between said magnetic elements (1, 2), the distance z between the elements magnetic (1, 2) increases. Therefore, the user allows the first magnetic element (1), and by extension the first sports or rehabilitation device (3), to move away from the second magnetic elements (2) and the second sports or rehabilitation device (4). ).

In one embodiment, the magnetic elements (1, 2) comprise one or more permanent magnets.

In another embodiment, the magnetic elements (1, 2) comprise one or more electromagnets.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one first magnetic element (1) comprises one or more permanent magnets and the at least one second magnetic element (2) comprises one or more electromagnets.

In the embodiments where at least one of the magnetic elements (1, 2) is an electromagnet, the first and/or the second sports or rehabilitation device (3, 4) comprises power means (6) configured to provide electric current to the electromagnet(s).

In one embodiment, the first and/or the second sports or rehabilitation device (4) also comprises magnetic field control means (8) configured to control the first magnetic field B1 and/or the second magnetic field B2.

In other embodiments:

If the at least one first magnetic element (1) comprises at least one first permanent magnet (5.1), the magnetic field control means (8) are configured to vary the first magnetic field Bx by switching the at least one first permanent magnet (1); I

if the at least one second magnetic element (2) comprises at least one second permanent magnet (5.2), the magnetic field control means (8) are configured to vary the second magnetic field B2 by switching the at least one second permanent magnet (2); I

If the at least one first magnetic element (1) comprises at least one first electromagnet (7.1), the magnetic field control means (8) are configured to vary the first magnetic field B1 by modifying the electric current provided by the power means (6) at least one first electromagnet (7.1); I

If the at least one second magnetic element (2) comprises at least one second electromagnet (7.2), the magnetic field control means (8) are configured to vary the second magnetic field B2 by modifying the electric current provided by the power means (6) at least one second electromagnet (7.2).

In other embodiments, the polarity of the first magnetic element (1) and/or the second elements (2) is reversible.

Additionally, in the embodiment of Figure 1, the second sports or rehabilitation device (4) comprises an inwardly concave receiving area configured to house the first magnetic element (1). Furthermore, the first sports or rehabilitation device (3) is mobile (represented by the side arrows in Figure 1) and the second sports or rehabilitation device (4) is fixed.

In other embodiments, the first sports or rehabilitation device (3) comprises an inwardly concave receiving area configured to house the second magnetic element(s) (2). Furthermore, also in other embodiments, the first sports or rehabilitation device (3) is fixed and the second sports or rehabilitation device (4) is mobile or the first sports or rehabilitation device (3) and the second sports or rehabilitation device rehabilitation (4) are both mobile.

In other embodiments, the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3) and/or the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) comprises fixing means configured to fix said at least one first sports or rehabilitation device. rehabilitation (3) and/or at least a second sports or rehabilitation device (4) to a surface. In one example, said fixing means comprise at least one suction cup or screws and nuts.

Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the arrangement of the second magnetic element (2) housed in a second sports or rehabilitation device (4) where the second magnetic element comprises a plurality of permanent magnets (5, 5.1, 5.2).

Figure 2 shows said plurality of permanent magnets (5, 5.1, 5.2) arranged in said second sports or rehabilitation device (4). In particular, in this embodiment the second magnetic element (2) comprises a central permanent magnet (5) configured to repel at least one first magnetic element (not shown in that Figure). That is, the polarity of the face of the at least one first magnetic element and the polarity of the face of the central permanent magnet (5) that face each other is the same (represented in Figure 2 with the color black).

Additionally, the second magnetic element (2) comprises a first plurality of permanent magnets (5.1), in this particular example being eight permanent magnets arranged along a circumference surrounding the central permanent magnet (5), which are configured to attract at least one first magnetic element (not shown in that Figure). That is, the polarity of the visible faces of the eight permanent magnets of the first plurality of permanent magnets (5.1) and the polarity of the face of the first magnetic element facing said visible faces of the permanent magnets of the first plurality of magnets permanent (5.1) are opposite (represented in Figure 2 with the color white).

Finally, the second magnetic element (2) also comprises a second plurality of permanent magnets (5.2), in this particular example being eight permanent magnets arranged along a circumference surrounding the first plurality of permanent magnets (5.1), which They are configured to repel at least one first magnetic element (not shown in that Figure). That is, the polarity of the visible faces of the eight permanent magnets of the second plurality of permanent magnets (5.2) and the polarity of the face of the first magnetic element facing said visible faces of the permanent magnets of the second plurality of magnets permanent (5.2) are the same (represented in Figure 2 again with the color black).

Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the arrangement of the second magnetic element (2) housed in a second sports or rehabilitation device (4) where the second magnetic element comprises a plurality of electromagnets (7, 7.1, 7.2).

Figure 3 shows said plurality of electromagnets (7, 7.1, 7.2) arranged in said second sports or rehabilitation device (4). In particular, in this embodiment the second magnetic element (2) comprises a central electromagnet (7) configured to repel at least one first magnetic element (not shown in that Figure). That is, the polarity of the face of the at least one first magnetic element facing the central electromagnet (7) and the polarity of the central electromagnet (7) is the same.

Additionally, the second magnetic element (2) comprises a first plurality of electromagnets (7.1), in this particular example being eight electromagnets arranged along a circumference surrounding the central electromagnet (7), which are configured to attract the minus a first magnetic element (not shown in that Figure). That is, the polarity of the eight electromagnets of the first plurality of electromagnets (7.1) and the polarity of the face of the at least one first magnetic element facing the electromagnets of the first plurality of electromagnets (7.1) are opposite.

Finally, the second magnetic element (2) also comprises a second plurality of electromagnets (7.2), in this particular example being eight electromagnets arranged along a circumference surrounding the first plurality of electromagnets (7.1), which are configured to repel at least a first magnetic element (not shown in that Figure). That is, the polarity of the eight electromagnets of the second plurality of electromagnets (7.2) and the polarity of the face of the at least one first magnetic element facing the electromagnets of the second plurality of electromagnets (7.2) are the same.

In the embodiment of Figure 3 where the second sports or rehabilitation device (4) comprises electromagnets (7, 7.1, 7.2), said second sports or rehabilitation device also comprises power means (6) and magnetic field control means (8).

Figure 4a shows a plurality of body parts that a user can exercise or rehabilitate with the device (100) of the invention. For ease of representation in that Figure 4a, only the first magnetic element (1) facing the second magnetic element (2) is represented. In particular, the polarity of the faces of the two magnetic elements (1,2) that face each other is the same.

Also, note that for simplicity the magnetic elements (1, 2) in this case are permanent magnets, but any of them could be electromagnets.

Next, different configurations of the device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation will be detailed.

In a first configuration, the magnetic elements (1, 2) are located at a high height compared to the user so that they can exercise or rehabilitate, for example, the shoulder or wrist.

In a second configuration, the magnetic elements (1, 2) are located at a medium height, at the level of the user's hip so that they can exercise or rehabilitate, for example, the wrist, shoulder or hip.

In a third configuration, the magnetic elements (1, 2) are located at a medium height, at the level of the user's hip so that they can exercise or rehabilitate, for example, the wrist or shoulder.

In a fourth configuration, the magnetic elements (1, 2) are located at a low height, at the level of the user's knees so that they can exercise or rehabilitate, for example, the hip or knee.

In a fifth configuration, the magnetic elements (1, 2) are located on the floor, horizontally, so that the user can exercise or rehabilitate, for example, the ankle or knee.

An example of coupling means (9) is shown in Figure 4b, in particular a glove, which is attached to one of the sports or rehabilitation apparatus (3, 4), in particular a disc, and is configured to couple to a part of the user's body, in this case the hand.

As can be seen, in this particular example the sports or rehabilitation device (3, 4) is a disc that houses one of the magnetic elements (1, 2). The user, helped by the glove itself (9), will proceed to bring the magnetic element (1, 2) closer to the glove (9) to the other magnetic element (1, 2), which will be integrated into another sports or rehabilitation device (3, 4) not shown in this Figure 4b.

In other embodiments, the coupling means (9) are configured to:

- attach to a foot or shoe of the user; either

- attach to a knee of the user; either

- attach to a user's hand; either

- attach to a user's wrist; either

- attach to a user's leg; either

- attach to an arm of the user; either

- attach to the user's chest; either

attach to the user's abdomen.

The coupling means (9) can be attached to and detached from the first and/or the second sports or rehabilitation device (3, 4). These coupling means (9) are configured to be coupled to a part of the user's body with the objective of making it easier for said user to perform the exercise.

Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the device for sports training or rehabilitation according to the invention that comprises guiding means (10).

These guiding means (10) are sized to house inside them at least a first sports or rehabilitation device (3) and/or at least a second sports or rehabilitation device (4), and

wherein the guiding means are configured to guide:

- at least one first magnetic element (1) from a first position to a second position, the second position being closer to the second magnetic element (2) than the first position; I

- at least a second magnetic element (2) from a third position to a fourth position, the fourth position being closer to the at least one first magnetic element (1) than the third position.

In the particular example of Figure 5, the guiding means (10) comprise a tubular element whose interior diameter is slightly greater than the exterior diameter of the first sports or rehabilitation device (3), which in this case is disc-shaped. The element of Guide (10) allows the first magnetic element (1) to move from an initial position to a final position, in which said magnetic element (1) will be closer to the second magnetic element (2), which is not shown in this Figure.

Additionally, in Figure 5 it can be seen that the first sports or rehabilitation device (3) is attached to coupling means (9) in the shape of a glove. Both elements (9, 10) are intended to help the user in the task of bringing the magnetic elements (1,2) closer during sports or rehabilitation exercise. That is, they serve as a guide for the user during the movement of the sports or rehabilitation device(s) (3, 4) from a first position to a second, closer position. In this way, it is encouraged that the approach between the magnetic elements (1, 2), which occurs as a result of the application of the approach force by the user, is carried out in a controlled and guided manner, preventing the repulsion force from between said elements (1, 2) repels them violently and may cause some danger to the user performing the exercise.

Figures 6a - 6f show a plurality of physical exercises for sports training or rehabilitation that require the use of the device (100) according to various embodiments of the invention.

Figure 6a shows how a user can perform a boxing exercise with the device (100). The first magnetic element (1) is housed in a disc (3) which, in turn, is attached to a glove (9). The second magnetic element (2) is housed in another disc (4) and this comprises fixing means, not shown in the figure, which are configured to fix it to a surface, in this case to the wall.

The exercise requires the user to bring the magnetic element (1) of the glove (9) closer to the magnetic element (2) of the wall.

Figure 6b shows how a user can perform a plank exercise with the device (100). The first magnetic element (1) is housed in a disc (3) which, in turn, is attached to a vest (9). The second magnetic element (2) is housed in a flat platform (4).

The exercise requires the user to bring the magnetic element (1) of the vest (9) closer. making a plank towards the magnetic element (2) of the horizontal flat platform.

Figure 6c shows how a user can perform various strength exercises for the upper and lower body using the device (100). The first magnetic element (1) is housed in a disc (3) which, in turn, is attached to a glove or knee pad (9). The second magnetic element (2) is housed in a disk (4) that includes fixing means configured to fix it to a surface, in this case, to a gym apparatus or machine.

The exercise requires the user to bring the magnetic element (1) of the glove or knee pad (9) closer to the magnetic element (2) fixed on the gym equipment or machine.

Figure 6d shows how a user can perform an abductor exercise using the device (100). The first magnetic element (1) is housed in a disc (3) which, in turn, is attached to a knee pad (9). The second magnetic element (2) is housed in another disc (4) which, in turn, is attached to another knee pad (9).

The exercise requires the user to bring the magnetic elements (1, 2) of both knee pads closer to each other.

Figure 6e shows how a user can perform a knee or quadriceps exercise using the device (100). The first magnetic element (1) is housed in a disc (3) which, in turn, is attached to a structure located on the user's foot (9). The second magnetic element (2) is housed in a vertical platform (4) fixed to the ground by means of fixing means not shown in the figure.

The exercise requires the user to bring the magnetic element (1) of the foot structure (9) closer to the magnetic element (2) of the platform fixed to the ground.

Figure 6f shows how a user can perform another plank exercise with the device (100). The first magnetic element (1) is housed in a disc (3) which, in turn, is attached to a vest (9). The second magnetic element (2) is housed in a disc (4) fixed to the ground by means of fixing means not shown in the figure.

The exercise requires the user to bring the magnetic element (1) of the vest (9) closer to the magnetic element (2) of the disc fixed to the ground.

Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the system (200) for sports training or rehabilitation, which comprises three devices (100) for sports training or rehabilitation on a vertical axis of the system (200) and one device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation. on a horizontal axis of the system (200).

In that embodiment of Figure 7, the three devices (100) on the vertical axis are at three different heights so that they can both adapt to the size of the user and increase the number of possibilities for sports or rehabilitation exercises. For example, when a user needs to exercise or rehabilitate the shoulder, the device (100) on the vertical axis of the system (200) that is highest of the three devices (100) can be used. When a user needs to exercise or rehabilitate the knee, the device (100) on the vertical axis of the system (200) that is lowest of the three devices (100) can be used.

In that same preferred embodiment, when a user has to exercise or rehabilitate the ankle, the device (100) of the horizontal axis (200) of the system can be used.

In other embodiments, coupling means (not shown in that figure) are coupled to the part of the body that the user wants to exercise or rehabilitate.

Claims (17)

1.- Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation of a user that includes: at least a first magnetic element (1) configured to generate at least a first magnetic field B1, at least a second magnetic element (2) configured to generate at least a second magnetic field B2, at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3) configured to house at least one first magnetic element (1); at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) configured to house at least one second magnetic element (2); and wherein the at least one first magnetic element (1) and the at least one second magnetic element (2) are configured to repel each other with a magnetic repulsion force Frep inversely proportional to the distance z between the at least one first magnetic element (1 ) and the at least one second magnetic element (2) and directly proportional to at least one first magnetic field Bx and at least one second magnetic field B2; and wherein the at least one first magnetic element (1) and/or the at least one second magnetic element (2) are configured to each receive an approach force Fa applied by the user so that: 1) if the sum of the approach forces Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element (1) and/or the at least one second magnetic element (2) exceeds the repulsion force Frep at a certain distance z between said elements magnetic elements (1, 2), the distance z between the magnetic elements (1, 2) decreases; 2) if the sum of the approach forces Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element (1) and/or the at least one second magnetic element (2) equals the repulsion force Frep at a certain distance z between said elements magnetic (1, 2), the magnetic elements reach an equilibrium position z = z eq; and 3) if the sum of the approach forces Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element (1) and/or the at least one second magnetic element (2) is less than the repulsion force Frep at a certain distance z between said magnetic elements (1,2), the distance z between the magnetic elements (1, 2) increases. 2. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to the previous claim, wherein the at least one first magnetic element (1) and/or the at least one second magnetic element (2) comprises a plurality of permanent magnets (5 , 5.1, 5.2). 3. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the previous claims that additionally comprises power means (6) and wherein the at least one first magnetic element (1) and/or the at least one second element magnetic element (2) comprises at least one electromagnet (7, 7.1, 7.2), the power means (6) being configured to provide electric current to at least one electromagnet (7, 7.1, 7.2) of the at least one first magnetic element ( 1) and/or the at least one second magnetic element (2). 4. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the previous claims that additionally comprises magnetic field control means (8) configured to control the first magnetic field B1 and/or the second magnetic field B2. 5. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to claims 2 or 3 and claim 4, where: - if the at least one first magnetic element (1) comprises at least one first permanent magnet (5, 5.1, 5.2), the magnetic field control means (8) are configured to vary the first magnetic field Bx by switching from to less a first permanent magnet (1); I - if the at least one second magnetic element (2) comprises at least one second permanent magnet (5, 5.1, 5.2), the magnetic field control means (8) are configured to vary the second magnetic field B2 by switching from to minus a second permanent magnet (5, 5.1, 5.2); I - if the at least one first magnetic element (1) comprises at least one first electromagnet (7, 7.1, 7.2), the magnetic field control means (8) are configured to vary the first magnetic field Bx by modifying the electric current provided by the power supply means (6) at least one first electromagnet (7, 7.1, 7.2); I - if the at least one second magnetic element (2) comprises at least one second electromagnet (7, 7.1, 7.2), the magnetic field control means (8) are configured to vary the second magnetic field B2 by modifying the electric current provided by the power means (6) at least a second electromagnet (7, 7.1, 7.2). 6. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the preceding claims and claims 2 or 3, wherein the at least one second magnetic element (2) comprises: - a central electromagnet (7) or central permanent magnet (5) configured to repel at least one first magnetic element (1); - a first plurality of electromagnets (7.1) or permanent magnets (5.1) arranged along a circumference surrounding the central electromagnet (7) or central permanent magnet (5) and configured to attract at least one first magnetic element (1 ); and - a second plurality of electromagnets (7.2) or permanent magnets (5.2) arranged along a circumference surrounding the first plurality of electromagnets (7.1) or permanent magnets (5.1) and configured to repel at least one first magnetic element (1). 7. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of claims 1 to 5 and claims 2 or 3, wherein the at least one first magnetic element (1) comprises: - a central electromagnet (7) or central permanent magnet (5) configured to repel at least a second magnetic element (2); - a first plurality of electromagnets (7.1) or permanent magnets (5.1) arranged along a circumference surrounding the central electromagnet (7) or central permanent magnet (5) and configured to attract at least a second magnetic element (2 ); and - a second plurality of electromagnets (7.2) or permanent magnets (5.2) arranged along a circumference surrounding the first plurality of electromagnets (7.1) or permanent magnets (7.1) and configured to repel at least one second magnetic element (2). 8. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the polarity of the at least one first magnetic element (1) and/or the at least one second magnetic element (2) is reversible. 9. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the previous claims, wherein the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3) and/or the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) It is additionally sized and configured to house the magnetic field control means (8) and/or the power means (6). 10. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the device (100) additionally comprises coupling means (9) that can be attached to at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3). ) and/or at least a second sports or rehabilitation device (4), the coupling means (9) being configured to: - attach to a foot or shoe of the user; either - attach to a knee of the user; either - attach to a user's hand; either - attach to a user's wrist; either - attach to a user's leg; either - attach to an arm of the user; either - attach to the user's chest; either - attach to the user's abdomen. 11. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the previous claims, wherein the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3) and/or the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) It comprises fixing means configured to fix said at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3) and/or at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) to a surface. 12. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the previous claims, wherein the device (100) additionally comprises guiding means (10) sized to house at least one first sports or fitness device inside. rehabilitation (3) and/or at least a second sports or rehabilitation device (4), and where the guiding means (10) are configured to guide: - at least one first magnetic element (1) from a first position to a second position, the second position being closer to the second magnetic element (2) than the first position; I - at least a second magnetic element (2) from a third position to a fourth position, the fourth position being closer to the at least one first magnetic element (1) than the third position. 13. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the previous claims, wherein: - the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3) comprises an inwardly concave receiving area configured to house at least a second magnetic element (2); either - the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) comprises an inwardly concave receiving area configured to house at least one first magnetic element (1). 14. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the previous claims, wherein: - the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3) is fixed and the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) is mobile; either - the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device is mobile (3) and the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) is fixed; either - the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3) and the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) are mobile. 15. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the previous claims, wherein the at least one first sports or rehabilitation device (3) and/or the at least one second sports or rehabilitation device (4) is: - A disc; either - An eraser; either - a ball; either - a hemispherical platform; either - a flat platform. 16. - Device (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the previous claims, wherein the approach force Fa received by the at least one first magnetic element (1) and/or the second magnetic element (2) is comprised between 50 and 1000 Newtons. 17. - A system (200) for sports training or rehabilitation that includes: at least two devices (100) for sports training or rehabilitation according to any of the previous claims wherein at least one device (100) is positioned on a horizontal axis of the system, and at least one device (100) is positioned on a vertical axis of the system.