ES2918625A1 - Constructive element of industrialized ecological blocks Stackable for construction (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Constructive element of industrialized ecological blocks Stackable for construction (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
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- ES2918625A1 ES2918625A1 ES202130027A ES202130027A ES2918625A1 ES 2918625 A1 ES2918625 A1 ES 2918625A1 ES 202130027 A ES202130027 A ES 202130027A ES 202130027 A ES202130027 A ES 202130027A ES 2918625 A1 ES2918625 A1 ES 2918625A1
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- construction
- walls
- stackable
- crossbars
- industrialized
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
- E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
- E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
- E04B2/32—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Retaining Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
Elemento constructivo de bloques ecológicos industrializados apilables para la construcciónConstructive element of stackable industrialized ecological blocks for construction
SECTOR DE LA TÉCNICATECHNICAL SECTOR
La presente solicitud se refiere a un elemento constructivo de bloques ecológicos industrializados apilables para la construcción, compuesto de una combinación de materiales naturales con un alto poder de transpirabilidad e higroscopia. Además son renovables y reciclables con una máxima ecológica, una baja o nula huella de carbono y unas grandes propiedades termoacústicas que aportan un gran grado de confort y salud a los espacios interiores. Permite construir elementos estructurales facilitando en gran medida la construcción rápida y ecológica de muros, tabiquerías y forjados de viviendas o edificios en general, por su fácil manejo y su bajo peso no necesita herramientas pesadas ni mano de obra especializada, reduciendo drásticamente los residuos y el impacto medioambiental de la construcción, y gracia a sus propiedades transpirable mejorando notablemente la salud de las personas que los habitan.The present application refers to a construction element of stackable industrialized ecological blocks for construction, composed of a combination of natural materials with a high power of breathability and hygroscopicity. They are also renewable and recyclable with an ecological maxim, a low or zero carbon footprint and great thermo-acoustic properties that provide a great degree of comfort and health to interior spaces. It allows the construction of structural elements, greatly facilitating the rapid and ecological construction of walls, partitions and floors for homes or buildings in general, due to its easy handling and low weight, it does not require heavy tools or specialized labor, drastically reducing waste and environmental impact of the construction, and thanks to its breathable properties, notably improving the health of the people who inhabit them.
ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICASTATE OF THE ART
Los sistemas constructivos modulares industrializados existentes poseen una serie de inconvenientes. Por ejemplo, los sistemas de FR2756860 o WO9618777A1 son extremadamente complicados de montar y requieren la colocación de muchos elementos diferentes, cortados o definidos a medida y con una mano de obra muy especializada. Por esto, el sistema es laborioso. Además, el uso de materiales metálicos en el interior ofrece un problema adicional de huella de carbono elevada. Ninguno de estos sistemas modulares existentes tiene en cuenta la proveniencia de los materiales que los componen, ni las consecuencias para el medioambiente de los materiales utilizados para su fabricación. Existing industrialized modular construction systems have a number of drawbacks. For example, the systems of FR2756860 or WO9618777A1 are extremely complicated to assemble and require the installation of many different elements, cut or defined to size and with a highly specialized workforce. Because of this, the system is laborious. In addition, the use of metallic materials in the interior offers an additional problem of high carbon footprint. None of these existing modular systems takes into account the origin of the materials that compose them, nor the consequences for the environment of the materials used for their manufacture.
En otras ocasiones, los módulos son de gran peso, por lo que han de ser transportados con maquinaria pesada y con muchos problemas logísticos y de seguridad.On other occasions, the modules are heavy, so they have to be transported with heavy machinery and with many logistical and security problems.
El solicitante no conoce ningún sistema que permita resolver todos estos problemas, ya que sistemas similares existentes en el mercado no llegan a ser realmente ecológicos y ofrecen simplemente una fase estructural inacabada que requiriere mucha mano de obra para terminarlos.The Applicant is not aware of any system that allows all these problems to be solved, since similar systems on the market fall short of being truly ecological and simply offer an unfinished structural phase that requires a lot of labor to complete.
BREVE EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNBRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
La invención consiste en un elemento constructivo de bloques ecológicos industrializados apilables para la construcción según la reivindicación primera. En la realización más ventajosa está compuesto de tableros de madera, preferiblemente fenólicos de pino certificados (LVL), que forman un cajón con cámara aislante rellena de fibra de madera en su interior, un sistema de corcho natural de alcornoque term o-tratado adherido a la parte exterior del bloque que elimina puentes cualquier puente térmico y con una cámara ventilada adosada en el interior para el paso de instalaciones. Todos estos materiales naturales de alto poder ecológico tienen muy bajo impacto medioambiental y una baja huella de carbono pero unas grandes propiedades térmicas, acústicas y de confort, tanto para el frio como para el calor, empleado para cualquier tipo de edificación, totalmente renovables, reutilizables y reciclables.The invention consists of a construction element of stackable industrialized ecological blocks for the construction according to the first claim. In the most advantageous embodiment, it is composed of wooden boards, preferably certified pine phenolic boards (LVL), which form a box with an insulating chamber filled with wood fiber inside, a natural thermo-treated cork oak cork system adhered to the exterior part of the block that eliminates any thermal bridge and with a ventilated chamber attached to the interior for the passage of installations. All these natural materials with high ecological power have a very low environmental impact and a low carbon footprint but great thermal, acoustic and comfort properties, both for cold and heat, used for any type of building, totally renewable, reusable and recyclable.
Sus diferentes variantes resuelven los problemas reseñados.Its different variants solve the outlined problems.
El elemento constructivo de bloques ecológicos industrializados apilables para la construcción de la invención es un sistema de piezas configuradas y encajadas entre sí, prácticamente acabado, con aislamiento tanto por el exterior como por el interior y con una cámara ventilada en la parte interior de la construcción para el paso de instalaciones, destinado a la formación de muros estructurales perimetrales, fachadas o tabiquerías interiores mediante la unión apilada de una pluralidad de unidades que se ensamblan por sí mismas, gracias a un sistema de cola de milano que permite ensamblar los tableros que componen la estructura de los bloques sin necesidad de fijación mecánica entre sus elementos, por lo que es rápido de montar y extremadamente sencillo de colocar, sin necesidad de mano de obra especializada y ni de ningún tipo de maquinaria, evitando a su vez cualquier tipo de puente térmico. Además, gracias a su realización en seco y a la densidad y ligereza de los materiales naturales que lo componen, se permite realizar módulos de pocos kilos, fáciles de transportar y de instalar, con un nivel de aislamiento termoacústico muy elevado y un alto poder de transpirabilidad e higroscopia.The constructive element of stackable industrialized ecological blocks for the construction of the invention is a system of pieces configured and fitted together, practically finished, with insulation both on the outside and on the inside and with a ventilated chamber on the inside of the construction for the passage of installations, intended for the formation of perimeter structural walls, facades or interior partitions through the stacked union of a plurality of units that are assembled by themselves, thanks to a dovetail system that allows assembling the boards that make up the structure of the blocks without the need for mechanical fastening between its elements, so it is quick to assemble and extremely simple to place, without the need for specialized labor or any type of machinery, in turn avoiding any type of thermal bridge. In addition, thanks to its dry construction and the density and lightness of the natural materials that compose it, it is possible to make modules weighing just a few kilos, easy to transport and install, with a very high level of thermo-acoustic insulation and high breathability. and hygroscopicity.
Está formado por módulos, cada uno de ellos con dos paredes laterales rectangulares del mismo tamaño unidas entre sí por travesaños verticales fijados preferentemente con un sistema de cola de milano y con una lengüeta pare evitar filtraciones de agua y aire. Estas paredes y travesaños están normalmente realizados por tableros fenólicos de pino certificado. Los travesaños tienen la misma altura que las paredes y están desplazados verticalmente respecto de éstas, por ejemplo un tercio de su tamaño, es decir sobresalen por un costado y están hundidos por el opuesto para poder encajarse entre ellas cuando se apilan, convirtiendo así los módulos en estructuras portantes.It is made up of modules, each one of them with two rectangular side walls of the same size joined together by vertical crosspieces fixed preferably with a dovetail system and with a tab to prevent water and air leaks. These walls and crossbars are normally made of certified pine phenolic boards. The crossbars have the same height as the walls and are offset vertically with respect to them, for example a third of their size, that is, they protrude on one side and are sunken on the opposite to be able to fit between them when stacked, thus making the modules in load-bearing structures.
Estos módulos, en su versión preferida, a su vez llevan un sistema aislante térm ico exterior (SATE), preferentemente de corcho natural de alcornoque term o-tratado con diferentes espesores (30-40-50m m ) del mismo tamaño de la pared lateral exterior que compone el módulo y fijada a esta. También llevan a su vez un revestimiento de acabado exterior bien por imprimación de mortero de cal o bien por un sistema de fachada ventilada con diferentes acabados a elegir (según especificaciones del proyecto). En el núcleo del módulo. entre las dos paredes laterales unidas entre sí por travesaños verticales, se aloja el aislante de fibra de madera. En la parte interior de la pared lateral se encuentra una cámara ventilada formada por montantes verticales y un cerramiento con fijación mecánica a los montantes verticales, permitiendo la circulación de aire y alojando a su vez las canalizaciones de las diferentes instalaciones. These modules, in their preferred version, in turn have an external thermal insulation system (SATE), preferably made of thermo-treated cork oak natural cork with different thicknesses (30-40-50mm) of the same size as the side wall. exterior that makes up the module and attached to it. They also have an exterior finish coating either by lime mortar primer or by a ventilated facade system with different finishes to choose from (according to project specifications). At the core of the module. Between the two side walls joined together by vertical crossbars, the wood fiber insulation is housed. On the inside of the side wall there is a ventilated chamber made up of vertical uprights and an enclosure with mechanical fastening to the vertical uprights, allowing air to circulate and, in turn, housing the pipes for the different installations.
Otras variantes se aprecian en el resto de la memoria.Other variants are seen in the rest of the report.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURASDESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Para una mejor comprensión de la invención, se incluyen las siguientes figuras.For a better understanding of the invention, the following figures are included.
Figura 1: Vista de la cara exterior en perspectiva de un primer ejemplo de realización con tres módulos superpuestos.Figure 1: Perspective view of the outer face of a first embodiment with three superimposed modules.
Figura 2: Vista de la cara interior en perspectiva de un primer ejemplo de realización con tres módulos superpuestos.Figure 2: Perspective view of the inner face of a first embodiment with three superimposed modules.
Figura 3: Vista de un ejemplo de módulo.Figure 3: View of an example of a module.
Figura 4: Diferente vista del módulo anterior.Figure 4: Different view of the previous module.
MODOS DE REALIZACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNMODES OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
A continuación, se pasa a describir de manera breve un modo de realización de la invención, como ejemplo ilustrativo y no lim itativo de ésta.Next, an embodiment of the invention is briefly described, as an illustrative and non-limiting example of the latter.
El elemento constructivo de bloques ecológicos industrializados apilables para la construcción mostrado en las figuras parte de dos paredes (1) laterales, que pueden ser rectas o acodadas en cualquier ángulo. Las paredes (1) son rectangulares y paralelas para que el espesor de la pared sea homogéneo. Las paredes (1) están unidas por varios travesaños (2) de la misma altura que ellas. Estos travesaños (2) se disponen perpendiculares a ambas paredes (1) e igualmente distanciados entre sí.The constructive element of stackable industrialized ecological blocks for construction shown in the figures starts from two lateral walls (1), which can be straight or bent at any angle. The walls (1) are rectangular and parallel so that the thickness of the wall is homogeneous. The walls (1) are joined by several crossbars (2) of the same height as them. These crossbars (2) are arranged perpendicular to both walls (1) and equally spaced from each other.
Se aprecia en las figuras que los travesaños (2) están desplazados verticalmente de las paredes (1), de forma que se prolongan por la parte superior. Así forman una zona de auto-centrado y ensamblado, dado que las paredes (1) del módulo superior están limitadas por la presencia de la parte superior de los travesaños (2) inferiores. It can be seen in the figures that the crossbars (2) are vertically displaced from the walls (1), so that they extend through the upper part. Thus they form a self-centering and assembly zone, since the walls (1) of the upper module are limited by the presence of the upper part of the lower crosspieces (2).
Los travesaños (2) son sólidos y se fijan a ambas paredes por sistema de cola de milano sin necesidad de elementos mecánicos como tornillos, grapas, etc.The crossbars (2) are solid and are fixed to both walls by a dovetail system without the need for mechanical elements such as screws, staples, etc.
Los bordes inferiores y superiores de los travesaños (2) y de las paredes (1) tienen elementos para asegurar el centrado (planos convergentes, dientes...) permitiendo el encaje entre las diferentes piezas para que sean apilables.The lower and upper edges of the crossbars (2) and of the walls (1) have elements to ensure centering (converging planes, teeth...) allowing the fit between the different pieces so that they are stackable.
En las figuras 3 y 4 se aprecia una cámara tipo núcleo del módulo donde se aloja el aislante (3) en fibra de madera adosado entre las dos paredes (1) y a su vez entre o a través de los travesaños (2) que componen el módulo.Figures 3 and 4 show a core-type chamber of the module where the wood fiber insulation (3) is housed, attached between the two walls (1) and in turn between or through the crossbars (2) that make up the module. .
En la parte exterior de una pared (1) lateral y fijada a esta se encuentra un aislante exterior (4) tipo SATE (sistema aislante térmico exterior) de corcho natural de alcornoque term o-tratado con diferentes espesores según necesidad del proyecto. El aislante exterior (4) es del mismo tamaño de la pared lateral exterior (1) que compone el módulo, este SATE a su vez servirá a la aplicación del revestimiento de acabado exterior (5) bien por imprimación de mortero de cal o bien por un sistema de fachada ventilada con multitud de acabados.On the outside of a lateral wall (1) and fixed to it there is an external insulation (4) type ETICS (external thermal insulation system) made of natural cork from thermo-treated cork oak with different thicknesses according to the needs of the project. The exterior insulation (4) is the same size as the exterior side wall (1) that makes up the module, this ETICS in turn will serve to apply the exterior finish coating (5) either by lime mortar primer or by a ventilated façade system with a multitude of finishes.
En la parte interior de la pared lateral se encuentra una cámara ventilada (6) formada por montantes verticales (7) y un cerramiento (8) del mismo tamaño de la pared (1) lateral interior fijados a los travesaños (2), permitiendo así la circulación de aire y alojando a su vez las preinstalaciones (9) o canalizaciones de los diferentes suministros (agua, electricidad, ven tilac ión .).In the inner part of the side wall there is a ventilated chamber (6) made up of vertical uprights (7) and an enclosure (8) of the same size as the inner side wall (1) fixed to the crossbars (2), thus allowing the circulation of air and housing in turn the pre-installations (9) or pipes of the different supplies (water, electricity, ventilation...).
En uso, se colocan las piezas de los módulos encajándolos entre sí, de forma trabada a rompe-junta (como cualquier otro bloque convencional) gracias a que las alturas que los travesaños (2) del módulo están desplazadas verticalmente respecto de las paredes (1), es decir sobresalen por la parte alta y están hundidos por el opuesto. Así, las piezas quedan totalmente encajadas al apilarse, convirtiendo así los módulos en estructuras portantes sin necesidad de ningún tipo de junta ni elemento de agarre, pudiendo tener estructuras de centrado (10). In use, the pieces of the modules are placed by fitting them together, in a joint-breaking manner (like any other conventional block) thanks to the heights that the crossbars (2) of the module are vertically displaced with respect to the walls (1 ), that is, they protrude from the top and are sunken from the opposite. Thus, the pieces are fully embedded when stacked, thus converting the modules into load-bearing structures without the need for any type of joint or gripping element, being able to have centering structures (10).
Los módulos pueden tener travesaños (2) en los extremos de las paredes (1), con una ranura en cola de milano para acoplarse a un saliente complementario en el módulo adyacente.The modules can have crossbars (2) at the ends of the walls (1), with a dovetail slot to engage a complementary projection on the adjacent module.
Los módulos pueden tener, por ejemplo, dimensiones (largo x altura) 25x24,5 cm; 50x24,5 cm; 75x24,5 cm; 100x 24,5 cm. The modules can have, for example, dimensions (length x height) 25 x 24.5 cm; 50x24.5cm; 75x24.5cm; 100x24.5cm.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES202130027A ES2918625A1 (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Constructive element of industrialized ecological blocks Stackable for construction (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES202130027A ES2918625A1 (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Constructive element of industrialized ecological blocks Stackable for construction (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2918625A1 true ES2918625A1 (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES202130027A Pending ES2918625A1 (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Constructive element of industrialized ecological blocks Stackable for construction (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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| Country | Link |
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| ES (1) | ES2918625A1 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0904932A2 (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-03-31 | Kabushikikaisha Edagumi | Floor material and flooring using the floor material |
| ES2160811T3 (en) * | 1996-04-15 | 2001-11-16 | Steko Holz Bausysteme Ag | CONSTRUCTION MODULE, AS WELL AS A SYSTEM OF CONSTRUCTION MODULES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF FLAT CONSTRUCTIONS, IN SPECIAL WALLS. |
| WO2006024061A1 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-09 | Erwin Wagner | Wooden structural part |
| DE202008000597U1 (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2008-05-15 | Buchwald, Boris | Insulating component of wood / wood-based materials and pressure-resistant insulating material for use in roof, wall, ceiling and floor |
| US20100319279A1 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2010-12-23 | Pyo John M | Modular Building Block System and Method of Manufacture |
| EP2273024A2 (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-01-12 | Unilin BVBA | Building element and roof construction |
-
2021
- 2021-01-19 ES ES202130027A patent/ES2918625A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2160811T3 (en) * | 1996-04-15 | 2001-11-16 | Steko Holz Bausysteme Ag | CONSTRUCTION MODULE, AS WELL AS A SYSTEM OF CONSTRUCTION MODULES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF FLAT CONSTRUCTIONS, IN SPECIAL WALLS. |
| EP0904932A2 (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-03-31 | Kabushikikaisha Edagumi | Floor material and flooring using the floor material |
| WO2006024061A1 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-09 | Erwin Wagner | Wooden structural part |
| US20100319279A1 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2010-12-23 | Pyo John M | Modular Building Block System and Method of Manufacture |
| DE202008000597U1 (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2008-05-15 | Buchwald, Boris | Insulating component of wood / wood-based materials and pressure-resistant insulating material for use in roof, wall, ceiling and floor |
| EP2273024A2 (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-01-12 | Unilin BVBA | Building element and roof construction |
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