ES2693843A1 - BIOMASS BURNER (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Biomass burner, comprising a combustion chamber, with an inlet (8) for introducing biomass to be burned and a flame projection outlet (11) for supplying the heat of combustion of the biomass, wherein the combustion chamber it comprises a rotating drum (1) arranged in a rotating assembly in a support structure (4), with the entrance (8) for introducing the biomass to be burned in relation to one end of said rotary drum (1) and the outlet (11) of flame projection on the opposite end. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

BIOMASS BURNER

Technology Sector

The present invention is related to the production of heat by combustion of biomass, proposing a burner that allows to use as fuel any type of biomass at high powers, in advantageous conditions compared to existing devices.

State of the art

To generate heat at high powers through combustion, there are currently boilers that use fossil fuels, which have the economic and environmental disadvantages of using this type of fuel compared to the use of renewable energy sources such as biomass.

There are also high power boilers that work with biomass, using a flotation system using a burn mechanism that uses multiple mobile grills, in which any type of biomass can be used; but these boilers have a great disadvantage for the volume they occupy, since they can perfectly measure ten meters in length, by three meters in width and five meters in height, so that their installation is limited to large surfaces. In addition, these boilers also have an inconvenience of economic aspect, since the machinery is quite expensive and the change of the burner in them has a very high cost.

On the other hand, there are burning equipment with biomass burners that use mechanisms of different types, but these equipment only reach powers of up to 2000 KW and are limited to specific types of biomass, such as pellets.

Object of the invention

According to the invention a biomass burner is proposed that allows the generation of heat at high power, up to about 10,000 KW, at a cost effective price and with a size

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

reduced, being able to use any type of biomass as fuel, so that it advantageously improves the conditions of existing combustion heat generating equipment.

This burner object of the invention has a rotating drum, with input of introduction of the biomass to be burned, on one end, by means of a feeder auger, and with a flame projection outlet on the other end, incorporating said rotary drum in its inside fins that form an auger to move the biomass into combustion along the drum.

The rotary drum has ceramic resistors that allow ignition of the biomass entering the drum and a combustion air projection fan to favor the combustion of the biomass that advances through the interior of the drum.

The rotary drum also has a system of self-cleaning of ashes, formed by a collector in which the ashes are collected at the rear end of the drum, to be evacuated outside by an extractor.

On the other hand, the rotating drum is arranged in a floating assembly with dampers in a support structure, with external covering by means of a closing housing and thermal insulation by means of insulating plates arranged inside the closing housing.

For all these reasons, the burner of the invention results from characteristics that make it advantageous and give it preferential character with respect to conventional combustion heat generation apparatus, particularly for the high power range.

Description of the figures

Figure 1 shows in perspective an example of realization of the burner object of the invention.

Figure 2 is another perspective of the burner observed at the other opposite end and without the closing housing of the side faces

Figure 3 is an exploded perspective of the burner assembly, with the rotating drum

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

mounted inside the support structure.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of the burner in perspective.

Figure 5 is a perspective of the burner with the side open, the arrangement of the rotating drum assembly being observed.

Figure 6 is a perspective of the burner open at one end, observing the disposition of the ignition resistors of the biomass to be burned.

Detailed description of the invention

The object of the invention relates to a biomass burner, with a realization that allows efficient combustion of any type of biomass under conditions that can reach high powers.

The burner comprises a combustion chamber with a rotating drum (1) that is arranged in assembly, by means of treads (2), on rollers (3) of a support structure (4), having a rotary drive by means of a motor (5) acting by means of a pin (6) on an annular rack (7) of the rotating drum (1).

In relation to one end of the rotary drum (1), an input (8) of biomass supply from a feeder of any type is arranged, being included in said input (8) an auger (9) which is operated by a respective motor ( 10), to introduce the biomass supplied by the inlet (8), to the inside of the rotary drum (1).

A flame projection outlet (11) is arranged at the other end of the rotary drum (1), so that the biomass that arrives through the inlet (8) and is introduced into the rotary drum (1), burns into said rotating drum (1), generating heat that is projected through the outlet (11).

To cause the ignition of the biomass entering the rotary drum (1), ceramic resistances (12) are arranged therein, the rotary drum (1) also having a perforated wall (13), in relation to which it is arranged a fan (14), which projects into the rotary drum (1) a combustion air flow that favors and optimizes the

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

combustion of biomass and the projection of heat resulting from the output (11). Thus, the projected air inside the rotating drum (1) is heated by the ceramic resistors (12) at a temperature sufficient to cause the combustion of the biomass.

The rotating drum (1) also incorporates in its interior fins (15), which form an auger that advances the biomass inside the rotating drum (1), when turning this, thus achieving a complete and very efficient combustion of all the biomass that is introduced.

At the rear end, an annular chamber (16) is defined around the rotary drum (1), into which an opening (17) of the rotary drum (1), said annular chamber (17) having an outlet ( 18) communicated with an extractor (19), thus determining a system of self-cleaning of ashes, since the ashes of the combustion of the biomass at the end of the rotating drum (1) pass through the opening (17) to the chamber annular (16), from where they are removed by the extractor (19), through the exit (18), to be evacuated abroad.

The rotary drum (1) is structurally reinforced with ribs (20) that extend longitudinally along its exterior, thus presenting said rotary drum (1) a tough constitution to withstand the stresses of operation and tensions caused by the high temperatures of the combustion of biomass.

On the other hand, in the assembly of the rotating drum (1) there are disposed shock absorbers (21) that are arranged between the upper part of the support structure (4) and the rollers (3) that are located in said upper part, of such that dampers (21) determine a floating assembly of the rotating drum (1) that avoids damaging stresses due to the influence of the heat of the combustion of the biomass and the rotational drum rotation forces (1) in operation.

In the same way, the annular chamber (16) for collecting the ashes is arranged in the assembly with a shock absorber (22) antifriction, thereby avoiding possible efforts that can cause deformation of said annular chamber (16), due to stresses which transmits the rotation of the rotating drum (1) in operation.

The support structure (4) is established closed throughout the exterior with a housing (23) of

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

closure, on the inside of which are included plates (24) of insulating material, such as vermiculite, without this material being limiting, whereby the burner is protected and perfectly insulated in the thermal aspect with respect to the outside.

Around the flame projection outlet (11), an air chamber (25) is also defined, which in turn establishes a thermal insulation of the contour of said outlet (11) with respect to the exterior.

This results in a burner of high combustion efficiency of any type of biomass inside the rotating drum (1), at a relatively economical cost and with a reduced size, this burner being preferably applied horizontally for use, without discarding other possible positions of use depending on the applications for which it is used, in which the flame projection outlet (11) can be coupled to any heat application system that is obtained by the combustion of the biomass.

Claims (13)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 1. - Biomass burner, comprising a combustion chamber, with an input (8) of introduction of biomass to burn and an output (11) of flame projection to supply the heat of combustion of biomass, characterized in that The combustion chamber comprises a rotating drum (1) disposed in a rotating assembly in a support structure (4), with the input (8) for introducing the biomass to be burned in relation to one end of said rotary drum (1) and the flame projection outlet (11) at the opposite end. 2. - Biomass burner, according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary drum (1) is arranged in assembly, by means of treads (2), on rollers (3) of the support structure (4). 3. - Biomass burner, according to the previous claim, characterized in that the rotating drum (1) is arranged in the rotating assembly with dampers (21) that are arranged between the support structure (4) and one of the rollers (3 ). 4. - Biomass burner, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary drum (1) has a rotary drive by means of a motor (5) that acts by means of a pin (6) on an annular rack ( 7) of the rotating drum (1). 5. - Biomass burner, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the inlet (8) there is an auger (9) that is actuated by a motor (10), to introduce the biomass into the interior of the rotating drum (one). 6. - Biomass burner, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotating drum (1) has a perforated wall (13), in relation to which a fan (14) which projects an air flow is arranged oxidizer into the rotary drum (1) through said perforated wall (13). 7. - Biomass burner, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the rotary drum (1) ceramic resistances (12) are arranged that cause the ignition of the biomass that is introduced in a rotary drum (1). 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 8. - Biomass burner, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotating drum (1) incorporates in its interior fins (15), which form an auger that advances the biomass in combustion along the rotary drum (1). 9. - Biomass burner, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the rear end of the rotating drum (1) an annular chamber (16) for collecting ash is defined around it, into which a opening (17) of the rotating drum (1), said annular chamber (16) having an outlet (18) that communicates with an extractor (19), to evacuate the ashes to the outside. 10. - Biomass burner, according to the previous claim, characterized in that the annular chamber (16) has an anti-friction damper (22). 11. - Biomass burner, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary drum (1) has reinforcing ribs (20) extending longitudinally from the outside. 12. - Biomass burner, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support structure (4) is closed externally with a housing (23) on the inside of which thermal insulation plates (24) are arranged. 13. - Biomass burner, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an air chamber (25) of thermal insulation is defined around the flame projection outlet (11).