ES2692273T3 - Procedure and apparatus for manufacturing reinforcing cages of concrete and product obtained in this way - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for preassembling reinforcements for reinforced concrete consisting of a plurality of cross braces (6) suitable to be fixed to longitudinal bars (61) in order to form a reinforcing cage, the method being characterized by the steps of: a. predisposing an interception plane associated with a centering device (11) for a stirrup (6) b. predisposing a plane (9) of mobile support for said stirrups (6), movable in a direction perpendicular to said intercept plane and cooperating with said centering device (11) associated with said intercept plane c. predisposing a device (14) for feeding at least one flexible and inextensible interconnection element (13) d. feeding said first stirrup (6) to said interception plane, centering it on said plane by means of said centering device (11) e. connecting said interconnection element (13) to said first stirrup (6) by means of a joining device (20) f. effecting the controlled feeding of a predetermined extension section of said interconnecting element (13) by means of said feeding device (14) g. in an appropriate stage relationship with said step f. to carry out the controlled feeding of said interconnection element (13), releasing said first stirrup (6) attached to said interconnection element (13) towards said plane (9) of mobile support h. repeat the steps b. a g. to further connect the stirrups (6) to said interconnection element (13) i. performing in an appropriate stage relation the operation of said movable support plane (9) in a direction perpendicular to said interception plane, receiving by means of said operation said abutments (8) attached to said interconnection element (13) in the pre-assembly state compacted, in which said stirrups (6) attached to said interconnection element (13) are approximated between each other between said interception plane and said mobile support plane (9) and said interconnection element (13) is folded into loops the inside of said stirrups (6).

Description

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

DESCRIPTION

Procedure and apparatus for manufacturing reinforcing cages of concrete and product obtained in this way Technical field

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the assembly of reinforcements for reinforced concrete, as well as to the product obtained in this way.

Background technique

It is known that, in order to effect reinforcement of reinforced concrete pillars and beams, metal cages manufactured by means of longitudinal iron bars joined by transverse bars suitably separated are used.

In particular, it is known that, in order to produce crossbars, machines are used that automatically perform the folding of the metal bars according to a predetermined profile. The stirrups thus obtained generally have a polygonal profile, for example quadrangular. The elaborated stirrups are separated from the bar to be worked by cutting, carried out by means of an appropriate cutting device of the machine to prepare the stirrups, then they are collected and transported to the subsequent work stations.

The abutments, technically defined as "transversal reinforcements", play a fundamental role in the resistance of buildings. Their number and position are carefully defined by means of complex calculations, usually registered in the competent offices for their official controls, as a complement to a detailed project, as well as an anticipatory evidence of the due diligence in case of controversy.

Furthermore, it is known that the elaboration of the aforementioned metal cages is generally quite complex and requires considerable manufacturing periods, with sensible losses of work and consequent high costs. In fact, the assembly of reinforcements is still used manually, by assembling each stirrup with the respective longitudinal bars by joining or welding. This evidently causes prolonged periods of work, since it is necessary to manually arrange the positioning of each specific footboard in accordance with the required step.

It should be noted that the strength of the final product is strictly linked to the concurrence between the project and its execution. Therefore, it is important that the abutments have the number and position indicated by the designer that controlled the project.

Another problem must be taken into account, as well, derived from the fact that the individual planar stirrups used to assemble reinforcements have an open polygonal profile whose stability is in fact weak. More specifically, said stirrups have appropriate terminal hooks to be located reciprocally overlapped in a vertex. As a consequence, the individual stirrups are substantially open and, consequently, extremely deformable. Said circumstance obviously represents a critical factor, in particular with respect to the fact that the stirrups are manufactured with end arms which do not allow an overlap to be stable during the manipulation operations. On the contrary, the stirrups tend to deform easily, to distance themselves from the theoretical structure of the exposed polygonal profile. Thus, the storage, manipulation and assembly of the transverse reinforcements are particularly difficult.

Likewise, it has been observed that currently it is not possible to control the production and the process of manipulation of the stirrups to achieve products that can be perfectly repeated and manipulated in the subsequent assembly. In particular, it is really difficult to assemble the stirrups automatically when the difference of the theoretical profile exceeds certain limits of tolerance.

Within the field, different solutions have been proposed, such as for example the one disclosed in EP 0667195 B1, which forms the basis of the preamble of claims 1 and 7, which provides methods and devices for preparing the "pre-assembly" for cages of reinforcement, made by transverse stirrups fixed in the projected positions by the union of nido auxiliary longitudinal cables. Said solutions solve only a few problems specific to the reference field, in particular the reduction of the production times of the final product, but do not give specific response to the problems of the size and handling of the pre-assembled products in the manner indicated that they should be transported to the construction zone.

In another patent example FR 2 155 230 A1, which forms the basis of the preamble of claim 17, a preassembly is disclosed for making reinforcements for reinforced concrete, said preassembly comprising a plurality of transverse stirrups joined by a plurality of flexible longitudinal elements and inextensible that form loops that extend towards the outside of the preassembly. The manipulation of said pre-assembly is unsafe and cumbersome.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

Divulgation

The purpose of the present invention is the design of a method and of an apparatus that makes it possible to carry out in an easy and automatic way the union and the desired redirectional positioning of the stirrups for reinforcement of reinforced concrete, to obtain a preassembly, objective of the invention, simple manipulation, transport and final assembly in the construction zone.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for the separation and the fixation of the stirrups used to prepare said pre-assembly, with an easy assembly and a functional design and with a reliable reliable operation, a versatile use as well as a relatively economical cost. .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method as well as an apparatus capable of preparing a pre-assembly for reinforcements of reinforced concrete, which definitely corresponds to the requirements of the project, ensuring in particular an optimum resistance against the envisaged efforts.

The aforementioned objects are achieved, according to the present invention, by the method and the apparatus for the assembly of reinforcements for the reinforced concrete, as well as by the product produced in the manner indicated according to the claims.

In particular, the method and the apparatus make it possible to prepare a pre-assembly capable of being non-compacted, in which the stirrups made to produce the reinforcement are separated and redraped according to the desired positioning. In fact, the stirrups of the so-called "transverse" reinforcement are joined with a plurality of longitudinal interconnection elements of easily flexible and substantially inextensible materials, which is capable of ensuring that the fixing distance between one stirrup and the other will not be substantially modified during the Further manipulations of the pre-assembly for transport and preparation for the construction site. As regards said flexibility, the connection between the stirrups and said interconnection elements makes it possible to obtain an easy preassembly of compactor in a compacted configuration in which the stirrups approach each other, suitable for facilitating the operations of handling, storage and transport and capable of being non-compacted from said compacted configuration to a non-compacted or extended configuration, in which in addition to the extension of the interconnection means the stirrups are separated according to the desired positioning which is predetermined, thanks to the fixation to the aforementioned interconnection means. Therefore, said fixation simply imposes a maximum limit on the reciprocal separation between the stirrups.

Said fixing, preferably, takes place outside said stirrup by means of welding, or by means of other fixing systems.

The joined stirrups then find the correct location after the extension that can be obtained by means of a certain external pulling action.

The distance between the joined stirrups determines in a manner defined by the presence of control means associated with means for feeding the interconnection means, which measure the extension of the fed sections, that is between the sections between the stirrup that fixes and the following fixation bracket. The passage, or more generally, the axial distance between the corresponding portions of the stirrups is therefore controlled in a precise and repetitive manner.

In addition, the method provides, at an appropriate stage ratio, the relative operation of two planes: an intercepting plane, on which the correct positioning of the individual footboard is operated together with the connection thereof with the interconnection element, and a plane of mobile attachment in orthogonal direction with the intercepting plane, to enable the location of the joined stirrups in a compacted configuration. Therefore, at the end of the operative stages, the method allows a pre-assembly, capable of being non-compacted, to be stored in a compacted configuration on the plane of attachment. The final product, obtained with the process is therefore very easy to extract from the apparatus, for its manipulation and transport.

More specifically, it is possible not to compact the preassembly for use in the construction zone, for example, by simply acting on the terminal stirrups of the compacted preassembly in accordance with opposite directions of redirect separation. The pre-assembly then acquires the extended configuration. In particular, the stretching of the interconnection elements of the pre-assembly, made possible by the flexibility of the same elements, disposes the stirrups in the predetermined position in the project and elaborated during the assembly stage by means of the controlled feeding to the elements of the assembly. interconnection. The interconnection elements can, for example, be in the form of a tape, that is with a flat section, of the type called "strip", or with a circular or different section, in any case appropriate to be attached to the support stirrups without interruption and in predefined distances redprocas.

The characteristic element of the pre-assembly of being able to not be compacted in particular is determined by the fact that the interconnection elements, such as for example the straps, or the metal cables of easy deformability or flexibility, or of other suitable materials compatible with the Concrete, for example carbon fiber, are easily arranged to form loops when the joining zones of two consecutive stirrups

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

corresponding are approximate. Therefore, thanks to the "natural" loop position, when the pre-assembly is in the compacted configuration, with the approximating stirrups, the interconnection element is easily taken to be arranged on the internal side of the pre-assembly. For the same mechanical properties mentioned, the interconnection element is also indicated to extend in a substantially rectilinear configuration by means of a traction effort preferably applied by acting on the edge stirrups or directly on the same interconnection elements.

The particular orientation of each folded or bent section, included between two subsequent fixings with the stirrups, within the pre-assembly intended to be formed, is also useful. In essence, in the assembly stage, each section comprised between a point of union and some following ones exceeds the distance between said stirrups in the compacted configuration. Consequently, thanks to the aforementioned flexibility of the interconnection elements, the surplus sections form loops within the pre-assembly in the compacted configuration, for example, simply by feeding the same interconnection elements towards the inside of the pre-assembly. Said arrangement is particularly advantageous, since it makes it possible to obtain a compacted pre-assembly without external protrusions on the abutment of the stirrups, in order to completely avoid lengthening the manipulation and transport stages towards the construction zone and without the need to use other gma members. Furthermore, the internal arrangement of the connecting elements does not substantially compromise the consistency of the concrete cover since the wedge of the latter is minimally fitted by the presence of said elements when the pre-assembly is disposed in use in the extended configuration.

According to a specific embodiment, it is possible to arrange that at least one of the interconnection elements used for the preparation of the pre-assembly, capable of being non-compacted, be joined with each stirrup of the product in both vertices of each stirrup. In said arrangement it is particularly advantageous since it stabilizes at the same time the shape of the individual stirrups and that of the pre-assembly assembly. In the compacted configuration, the shape of the pre-assembly capable of being non-compacted is in fact mainly facilitated by the shape of the individual stacked stirrups. Therefore, the closing of the open vertices of the individual stirrups determines a compacted pre-assembly minimally deformable by manipulation and transport.

Furthermore, it is worth noting that the particular loop shape turned inwardly of the pre-assembly fastening elements in the compacted configuration ensures that, also in the non-compacted or extended configuration and in the absence of tractions operating on the pre-assembly, the Fixation sections are substantially oriented towards the interior of the structure. Therefore, there is substantially no risk that the interconnecting sections could fit the outer space with the concrete product when undesired corrosive episodes of triggering or diffusion could occur.

Likewise, an advantageous aspect of the invention consists of a non-compacted pre-assembly in said extended configuration and thus itself, completed with a plurality of reinforcing bars that constitute the longitudinal or main reinforcement, by means of rotary fixing means. Said rotary fixing means are indicated for carrying out the joining of the stirrups with the aforementioned reinforcing bars with a function similar to the jointed joins or hinges. In this way, the reinforced pre-assembly thus prepared is indicated to be closed again in a flattened configuration, thanks to the aforementioned articulated joints. In this way, it is possible to pre-assemble the structure that presents all the necessary reinforcements or projected reinforcements, which can be reduced to a closed, flattened configuration, which facilitates transport, handling, as well as its immediate use in the construction zone. In fact, thanks to the aforementioned function of the rotating joints, the reinforced preassembly can be installed again in the extended configuration directly in the construction zone to carry out the finishing operations, exclusively related to the definitive blocking.

Description of the drawings

Details of the invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus for the assembly of reinforcements for reinforced concrete according to the invention, illustrated for indicative purposes in the attached drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the apparatus for the assembly of reinforcements of the reinforced concrete according to the invention;

Figures 2 and 3 show a perspective view of a unit used in an apparatus in subsequent operative stages;

Figure 4 shows a schematic perspective view of the unit shown in Figures 2 and 3, together with the pre-assembly, capable of being non-compacted, which can thus be obtained;

Figures 5, 6 and 7 show schematic views of other advantageous configurations of the product object of the invention.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

Better way

With particular reference to said figures, the apparatus for the assembly reinforcements for the reinforced concrete according to the invention is indicated generally with reference numeral 1.

The apparatus 1 comprises a fixed frame 2 suitable for forming inside it a storage housing 3 for a pre-assembly, capable of being non-compacted. For example, said housing 3 can substantially have a parallelepipedic structural shape and, in this case, the fixed frame 2 comprises a plurality of vertical bars 4, arranged in the vertices of a corresponding base rectangle. The vertical bars 4 are connected in a stable manner by means of transverse bars 5. Obviously, it is possible to adopt many other shapes for the storage housing and therefore for the fixed frame 2.

The storage housing 3 formed by the frame 2 is indicated for receiving the stirrups 6 intended to be assembled in an entrance zone 7 and, more specifically, on a plane delineated by a centering device, as will be described in more detail below. . In the case disclosed, the frame 2 is arranged inclined on appropriate feet 8 and the entrance zone 7 is formed on the upper part of the pillars 4, which are circumscribed by the corresponding upper transverse bars 5 of the frame 2. As an alternative, the frame 2 can be oriented differently, for example vertically, with its entrance zone 7 arranged vertically on a respective side of the frame.

The storage housing 3 is also equipped with a mobile support plane or support plane 9, for example in the form of a perforated platform, slidably assembled on suitable sliding rods 10, preferably located on the vertical bars 4. Said movable support plane 9 is horizontally arranged in FIG. 1, but it can be located differently, for example vertically according to the orientation of the apparatus, according to the above.

In particular, the support plane 9 is movable around the mentioned sliding rods 10, which is in the direction of approach and separation of the entrance zone 7 with respect to the storage accommodation 3.

In the inlet zone 7 and, in the illustrated housing, in the transverse bars 5, the apparatus 1 comprises the above-mentioned centering device 11 for the stirrups 6 intended to be assembled, a joining device 12 for the connection of the stirrup 6 received from the centering zone 11, with at least one interconnection element 13 of flexible and substantially inextensible material. The apparatus also comprises a unit 14 for feeding the element or interconnection elements 13 intended to be joined with the stirrups 6.

The interconnection elements 13, preferably, are metal elements of tape, wire or tubular type. Different elements or elements of different materials may also be arranged, provided they are provided with said mechanical features. As regards the technical meaning of the mechanical characteristics, the flexibility must be provided in such a way that the elements are suitable for freely adopting a non-rectilinear shape, in particular folded, by means of the approximation of two separate portions of the same element. On the contrary, the same property of the flexibility must be provided so that the interconnection element can, on the contrary, freely adopt a substantially rectilinear form from a looped shape, when the previously mentioned separate portions are separated in a measure substantially equal to the extension of the section, in the case defined by the structural project, when it is interposed between them. Furthermore, the mentioned inextensibility characteristic refers to the fact that the corresponding sections of the interconnection elements maintain, both in the loop-free configuration and in the constant linear extension, that they are capable of reliably securing a predetermined separation of the stirrups joined with them, as will be described later.

More precisely, the centering device 11 preferably comprises a plurality of mobile centering units independently around the input zone 7 to enable the correct positioning of a single stirrup 6 fed to the apparatus 1 and possibly the restoration of the same. the correct shape of the stirrup 6 inside the housing, due to an imprecision in the processing or the deformability of the raw materials, does not correspond to the desired shape. The disclosed casing provides a first centering unit 110a, a second centering unit 110b and a third centering unit 110c, each of which operates with a corresponding unit 120 and with a respective power unit 140 of a corresponding element. 13 interconnection (see Figure 2).

For example, it is possible to arrange that the first centering unit 110a and the second centering unit 110b are movably carried along the direction of a transverse bar 5 of the fixed frame 2, for example to intercept a respective pair of vertices adjacent of a stirrup 6 and that the third unit 110c of centering this, on the contrary, carried in a mobile manner along a direction parallel with respect to the preceding, to intercept an opposite portion of the same stirrup 6, to enable the placement of a stirrup 6 on a given interception plane. More specifically, each centering unit 110 comprises a support arm 15 slidably assembled on at least one transverse bar 5. In particular, in the illustrated case, the first support unit 110a and the second support unit 110b are assembled from each other. Sliding way of

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

independently on the same transverse bar 5 of the frame 2 fixed by means of respective supporting arms 15a, 15b, while the third centering unit 110c comprises a support arm 15c slidably assembled and on a respective extended transverse element between a pair of transverse bars 5 substantially parallel, perpendicular to the direction in which the remaining centering units are slidable. As an addition and as an alternative, the mentioned arms may be arranged in a rotational manner with respect to the transverse bar on which they are assembled.

Each centering unit 110, in particular each support arm 15, carries a movable support frame 16 suitable to be operated alternatively by respective operative means 17, movable between an active advanced position, to intercept at least one stirrup 6 and an inactive rear position to release the same stirrup. In the disclosed case, each support frame 16 has a pair of lateral protrusions 18 suitable to intercept, through said alternative displacement, respective portions of one end of the stirrup 6 or of the adjacent sides to the same apex of a stirrup 6.

In the above mentioned active active position, the frame 16 intercepts a corresponding portion of the bracket 6 retaining or blocking the passage to the interior of the storage housing 3, while, in said inactive position, the mobile frame 16 of the arm 15 releases the passage up to the abutment 6 of the entrance zone 7 in the direction of the storage accommodation. It should be noted that the intercepting portions of the respective frames 16 of the surface arm 15 of the centering units 110 are preferably coplanar, that is, in any case they are arranged in such a way that the cited intercepting plane for each stirrup 6 is delineated. .

Each centering unit 110 also comprises auxiliary support means 19 arranged to enable the centering of a stirrup 6 and the restoration of the correct form within said intercepting plane. In the illustrated case, the auxiliary support means 19 comprises for each centering unit 110 a pair of support bodies. For example, the support bodies 19 can be cylindrical and can be arranged on said lateral portions for intercepting the mobile frame 16 of the support arm 15 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

Each connection unit 120 comprises joining means for effecting the union of a portion of an abutment intercepted and centered with respect to the support bodies 19, with a corresponding portion of an interconnection element 13. The unit also comprises a clamping member 20 adapted to tighten the portion of the stirrup 6 intended to be joined with a portion of the interconnection element 13. The clamping member 20 forms an articulated jaw with a pin 21 fixed transversely to the frame 16 of the support arm 15. The jaw 20 is articulated to operate means 22 provided to enable its inclination around the transverse pin 21. Therefore, the jaw 20 is indicated to be alternately operated between an opening position, in which the portion of the stirrup 6 intercepted by the centering unit 110 is free with respect to tightening (see FIG. 3), and a position of closing, in which the portion of the stirrup 6 is blocked by the clamp 20 (see figure 2).

In the disclosed case, the incorporated joining means are welding means, therefore the clamping member 20 also serves as a welding electrode, which cooperates with a suitable conjugate body 23 to serve as an electrode of opposite polarity, as opposed to the clamp 20 with respect to the portion of abutment 2 intercepted. The conjugate body 23 (see Figure 2) is preferably carried by the support frame 16. The conjugated body 23 is preferably shaped to adopt a curved operative surface 24 suitable for receiving inside the winding of the interconnection element 13 carried by the feed unit 140. The operative surface 24 is shaped to progressively orient the interconnection element 13 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the intercepting plane of the abutment 6. In other words, the conjugate body 23 directs the interconnection element 13 to be arranged in accordance with a direction longitudinal with respect to the reinforcement intended to be assembled, in which the stirrups 6 represent the transversal reinforcement elements. As an alternative, it is possible to arrange a different type of connection means, for example, as a mechanical connection by means of crimping, riveting or adhesion.

The feed unit 40 comprises drive means 25, adapted to power in a controlled manner sections of the interconnection element 13 of predetermined extent. Said driving means 25 may consist, for example, of a pair of driven wheels, smooth, worked or suitably covered, relevant for dragging while dragging the pulling element 13. In essence, the element 13, preferably metallic tape is interposed between the wheels 25 to be accurately driven by the rotary movement of this.

The drive means 25 is advantageously operated by control means, for example of the encoder type. Said control means are indicated to drive the winding of a certain length of tape 13, to ensure that a quantity of tape or similar element 13 that is unrolled between one point of attachment and the next is equal to the pre-set. With respect to this, it is necessary to emphasize that, in the structural project, an extension of the tape of different length can be arranged between two subsequent abutments 6, in order to enable the structure, in its entirety, to present suitable profiles for different forms or needs structural For example, by means of non-rectilinear crossbars or fan-shaped or any other inclined abutments to maximize the resistance against shear stresses.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

The wheels 25 are preferably aligned with the conjugated body 23 and with the driving direction of the support frame 16 which is transversely on the portion of the abutment 6 intercepted and on the articulation pin 21 of the jaw 20. Therefore, the dragging carried out by the wheels 25 drives the tape l3 first on the operative surface 24 of the body 23 conjugated and then inside the passage channel between the same body 23 and the bracket 6 intended to be joined.

In Figures 2 and 3, the first centering unit 110a is illustrated during the stages of respectively tightening, intercepting and releasing. It is important to note that the first centering unit 110a intercepts in this case a portion of the bracket 6 which corresponds to an overlapping vertex of the terminal hooks 6a, while the remaining centering units 110b, 110c intersect respectively a second vertex and a second one. intermediate portion of an opposite end of the same stirrup 6, as shown in figure 1.

Said arrangement is particularly advantageous, since the centering unit 110a is suitable for cooperating with the joining means 120 for effecting the joining of both overlapping ends of the bracket 6 with the corresponding portions of the interconnection element.

This makes it possible to considerably stabilize the structure of the stirrup 6, in particular by preventing the terminal hooks not connected in a reciprocal way from enabling an extreme deformity of said elements which effectively open up.

The operation of the apparatus, as well as the steps of the method according to the invention, can be understood by means of the preceding description.

In an initial stage, an interconnection element 13, for example a metal tape, is predisposed in each feeding unit 140. Preferably, the unrolled tape section is long enough to overcome the operative surface 24 of the conjugate body 23. More precisely, the excess tape or similar element beyond the operative surface 24 can contribute together with an opposite edge section of a tape or similar element corresponding to the excess element with the final link of the compacted pre-assembly.

In the same initial stage, a first stirrup 6 is fed to the apparatus 1. To this end, the support frames 16 of the centering units 110 are predisposed in active advanced position. The first stirrup 6 is then fed and intercepted on the plane limited by the lateral portions of the support frames 16, intercepting the similar belt or element 13 against the conjugate body 23.

Likewise, the mobile support plane 9 is predisposed in a closing position on the intercepting plane, inside the storage housing 3 between the input zone 7.

Next, the clamping members 20 are operated to firmly tighten the portions of tape or similar element unrolled outside the portions of the abutments intercepted by the centering units 110.

Then, the joining means are operated, carrying out the union of the tape 13 or similar element with the bracket 6 in each of the intercepted positions. As previously disclosed, it is preferred that one of the joints with the stirrup 6 fed is made at the apex of the stirrup comprising both overlapping portions of the hooks 6a, to ensure better structural strength.

In a post-union stage, the clamping members 20 are retracted to an open position, disengaging the intercepted portions of the stirrup 6 and the belt 13.

The driving means 25 are then operated in a controlled manner, to unwind a belt section 13 of pre-established length. More precisely, this extension corresponds to a distance between the first abutment and the next one according to the structural project. In the case that, for example, the project provides that the stirrups 6 are arranged in parallel, the measurement of said unwinding is the same for each drag element and corresponds to the projected stage between the corresponding stirrups. As an alternative, the project could arrange that the abutments 6 were arranged inside the reinforcement according to inclined planes, with the purpose of adapting their orientation to the distribution of the expected cutting loads. In such a case, the unwinding of the belt 13 or any other similar element could be driven to a different extent for different power units 140. Likewise, it is possible to arrange, and it is even advisable, that in this case the stirrups 6 fed have a different shape, in order to prepare a parallelepiped preassembly with stirrup orientations on incident planes. In this case, it is preferable that the apparatus for manufacturing the stirrups attached to the apparatus according to the invention is connected through electronic means suitable for transmitting as input to the centering units 110 the geometric parameters of the stirrups intended for to be shaped, to adapt automatically the parameters of position according to the variations of the production parameters.

It should be noted that the interconnection tape 13 or similar element is thus arranged towards the inside of the bracket 6. Thanks to the flexibility of the same, the tape 13 or other similar element is arranged inside the bracket 6 forming a loop.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

In particular, by using the means 13 for interconnecting the tape or the type of strip, that is, with a substantially flat section, the flexibility increases around the main geometric axis of the section, therefore, the unwinding of the excess material carries with it the arrangement of the same element in loops towards the inside of the stirrups 6.

In the next step, or as an alternative before the feeding step described above, the first stirrup 6 attached to the belts 13 or similar interconnection elements, is released by the centering units 110, by means of the movement of the frames 16. of support in the active position. The bracket 6 is then transferred to the movable support plane 9 disposed next to the storage housing 3 to receive the pre-assembly in formation.

Next, a second stirrup 6 is fed to be joined with the predisposed tapes 13, in the same exact way as the preceding assumption. In particular it is necessary to emphasize that the controlled feeding carried out in the preceding stage ensures that the section of the belt 13 interposed between the union that has just been made and that which must be made next is equal to the distance pre-established by the project between the corresponding portions of the first and second abutments of the reinforcement intended to be formed. Likewise, it should be noted that, in said stage, the first stirrup placed on the support plane and the second stirrup are preferably at an approximate height with respect to the project. Therefore, the section of the disconnected interconnection element 13 already connected to one end of the first stirrup 6 disposed on the bearing plane forms the above-mentioned loop configuration rotated inwardly between the first and the second stirrups supplied. Likewise, it should be noted that the positioning of the second bracket 6 intercepts, between the same bracket 6 and the joint and the tightening means 20, a certain portion of tape or similar feeding element 13. The distance between said determined portion and the portion of the interconnection element 13 previously attached to the first stirrup 6 corresponds to the distance established with the project between the same stirrups.

In the next operative step, the connection of the second stirrup 6 with the different fed elements 13 is carried out through the joining of the clamping means 20.

Other sections of controlled extension interconnection elements 13 are developed by the power units 140. The mobile support plane 9 is appropriately separated from the plane of interception of the centering groups 110, to create between them a space for the second footboard 6 already attached according to the thickness it occupies and in a suitable stage relationship. Then, this second stirrup is released to the support plane 9 in contact with the first placed stirrup. In this way, a preassembly, capable of being non-compacted, comprising the abutments 6 and the interconnection tapes 13 is created on the aforementioned mobile support plane 9 (see Figure 4).

It should be noted that in the particular case in which the apparatus 1 has a different extension from the vertical, it is possible to arrange that in the assembly stage of the preassembly, the stirrups 6 connected in succession with the interconnection elements 13 are stored on the plane 9 of mobile support in a configuration not completely stacked, that is, maximally compacted, and that the complete compaction is carried out in its place in a final stage, pertinently approximating the plane 9 of mobile support with the last stirrup 6 attached to the preassembly

The pre-assembly results in any completed form in the storage housing 3 when all of the stirrups 6 provided by the project are joined at the preset and approximate distances between each other in a final compacted configuration.

As discussed above, the compacted pre-assembly, preferably, has leftover corners of the tape or similar element 13 that surpasses the edge abutments. In a final stage of preparation, it is possible to perform the knotting of said terminal corners to ensure that the pre-assembly is arranged in the compacted configuration. Said pre-assembly, in any case, is easy to decompact, simply by removing the aforementioned knot, if necessary, and make a traction on the edge stirrups. It will also be easy to introduce the longitudinal reinforcing bars when the assembled pre-assembly is still in the compacted configuration. In the non-compacted configuration then the pre-assembly retracts the stirrups to the exact positions imposed in the pre-assembly production stage as arranged by the project, thanks to the inextensibility of the interconnection element.

According to another preferred embodiment of the disclosed assembly method, it is possible to obtain a preassembly 60, suitable to be easily re-compacted to facilitate transportation to the construction zone.

Said pre-assembly 60, shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7 is formed by means of the subsequent joining of the longitudinal reinforcing bars 61 with at least some pre-assembly stirrups. More precisely, the longitudinal reinforcement bars 61 are inserted in the preassembly in the project positions, for example in the vertices of the stirrups 6 with non-tight joints, that is rotating links, so that they allow a minimum play and a movement of corresponding articulation in the points of union. In this way the pre-assembly can be represented kinematically by an articulated quadrilateral.

This means that also after having tightened the bars 61 to the stirrups 6, for example by knotting or a similar type of joints, it is possible to rotate the stirrups 6 around the joint portions to flatten the assembly, capable of being compacted, in the flattened configuration, keeping the bars 61 located inside (see figure 6).

The pre-assembly reinforced in the flattened position 60a is then easy to transport to the construction zone, where it can be easily opened by removing the longitudinal reinforcing bars 61 arranged on the upper part. The reinforcement, which is the reinforced pre-assembly 60, then returns to the initial configuration, shown in FIG. 4, ready for the molding of the concrete. To achieve the stable structure in use it is finally sufficient to tighten the ends of the longitudinal reinforcement bars 61 with the reinforcements of the pillars in the corresponding joints. In this way, the reinforced pre-assembly maintains the characteristics of small dimensions by itself, but its finishing requires less work in the construction zone because the longitudinal bars 61 are already inserted and correctly positioned. Obviously in this specific case, it is preferable that the flexible interconnection means 13 of the pre-assembly are previously arranged on the same opposite sides to facilitate the flattening of the product.

In practice, the embodiment of the invention, the materials used, as well as the shape and dimensions, may vary depending on the needs.

Claims (17)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 1. - Procedure for preassembling reinforcements for reinforced concrete consisting of a plurality of cross braces (6) suitable to be fixed to longitudinal bars (61) in order to form a reinforcing cage, the method being characterized by the steps of: to. predisposing an intercepting plane associated with a centering device (11) for a stirrup (6) b. predisposing a plane (9) of mobile support for said stirrups (6), moving in a direction perpendicular to said intercepting plane and cooperating with said centering device (11) associated with said intercepting plane c. predisposing a device (14) for feeding at least one flexible and inextensible interconnection element (13) d. feeding said first stirrup (6) to said intercepting plane, centering it on said plane by means of said centering device (11) and. connecting said interconnection element (13) to said first stirrup (6) by means of a joining device (20) F. performing the controlled feeding of a predetermined extension section of said interconnecting element (13) by means of said feeding device (14) g. in an appropriate stage relationship with said step f. to carry out the controlled feeding of said interconnection element (13), releasing said first stirrup (6) attached to said interconnection element (13) towards said plane (9) of mobile support h. repeat the steps b. a g. to further connect the stirrups (6) to said interconnection element (13) i. performing at an appropriate stage ratio the operation of said movable support plane (9) in a direction perpendicular to said intercepting plane, receiving by means of said operation said abutments (8) attached to said interconnection element (13) in the pre-assembly state compacted, in which said stirrups (6) attached to said interconnection element (13) are approximated between each other between said intercepting plane and said mobile support plane (9) and said interconnection element (13) is folded into loops the inside of said stirrups (6). 2. - Procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that said step i. to carry out the operation of said mobile support plane (9) in direction to said intercepting plane is carried out successively up to said step e. to connect said first stirrup (6) with said interconnection element (13) and before said successive step of joining said second stirrup (6) with said interconnection element (13) fed in a controlled manner, progressively distancing said plane ( 9) supporting said intercepting plane, and receiving in accumulation said stirrups (6) approximating said compacted pre-assembly in formation. 3. - Procedure according to claim 2, characterized in that said step e. connecting said first stirrup (6) to said interconnecting element (13) is carried out at a vertex of said first stirrup (6), said apex comprising a first terminal hook (6a) and a second terminal hook (6b) substantially overlapped or approximate by means of a first connection of said first hook (6a) with said interconnection element (13) and a second connection of said second terminal hook (6b) with said interconnection element (13) carried out in the same stage of operational union or in two successive stages. 4. - Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said step f. to carry out the controlled feeding of the section of predetermined length of said interconnection element (13) is carried out by means (25) for dragging said interconnection element (3) that orient said feed towards the inside of said pre-assembly in formation, such that said looping of said interconnection element (13) is directed within said pre-assembly. 5. - Method according to claim 4, characterized in that said step e, of joining said stirrup (6) to said interconnection element (13) is carried out by means of sealing means (20, 23, 24) or adhesion means or rivet means or crimping means. 6. - Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said interconnection element (13) is externally attached to said stirrup (6). 7. - Apparatus for preassembling reinforcements for reinforced concrete consisting of a plurality of transverse reinforcement stirrups (6) suitable to be joined to a plurality of longitudinal reinforcement bars (61), characterized by comprising an appropriate centering device (11) for defining an intercepting plane for said stirrup (6), a device (14) for feeding at least one flexible and inextensible interconnection element (13) to be joined to said stirrup (6) in order to carry out a preassembly designed to be 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty completed with said longitudinal reinforcing bars (61) to form said reinforcement for reinforced concrete, a device (12) for attaching said stirrup (6) to said interconnection element (13), said feeding device (14) being adapted to feed said element (13) interconnecting to the inside of said stirrup (6) and being associated with means for controlling the extension of the portion fed from said interconnection element (13) and said apparatus comprising a plane (9) of mobile support in a direction perpendicular to said intercepting plane, for housing said pre-assembly between said intercepting plane and said mobile support plane (9) in a compacted configuration, wherein said stirrups (6) attached to said interconnecting element (13) are approximate network and in which said respective controlled extension of said interconnection element (13) are folded into loops. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that said centering device (11) comprises a plurality of mobile centering units (110a, 110b, 110c) on said intercepting plane in said entrance area (7) for said stirrups (6), in a way that the centering of said stirrup (6) is effected. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that each of said movable centering units (110a, 110b, 110c) carries a respective unit (12) for joining said joining device (12) and a respective unit (12). 140) of said power supply device (14) for one of said interconnection element (13). 10. - Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that said feed unit (140) comprises a pair of counter-rotating drive wheels (25), associated with encoder-type control means for driving controlled extensions of said interconnection element (13). 11. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that said feed unit (140) is oriented so as to drag the controlled extensions of said interconnection element (13) into said stirrup (6) intercepted on said plane. of interception, producing said looping of said interconnection element (13) within said pre-assembly 12. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that said joining unit (120) comprises a conjugate body (23) that forms an operative surface (24) suitable for supporting said interconnection element (13) against one of said abutment (6) intercepted, said surface (24) being operative shaped so as to progressively orient said interconnection element (13) in a direction substantially perpendicular to said plane to intercept said abutment (6). 13. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that said joining unit (120) comprises a means (20) of tightening suitable for tightening a portion of said abutment (6) intercepted on said plane intercepted by means of said unit ( 110) against said conjugate body (23), said clamping means being capable of inclining between an opening position and a closing position. 14. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that said centering unit (110a, 110b, 110c) comprises a support arm (15a, 15b, 15c) movably carried by a fixed structure (2) and a frame. (16) support movably carried by said support arm (15a, 15b, 15c) alternatively between an active position to intercept said stirrup (6) and an inactive position to release said stirrup (6) towards said plane ( 9) mobile support. 15. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that each of said centering unit (110a, 110b, 110c) comprises auxiliary support means (19) forming a pair of support bodies carried by said arm (15a). , 15b, 15c) to cooperate with said mobile support frame (16) in the step of centering said interceptor (6) intercepted. 16. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said joining means (120) effect the union of said interconnection element (13) outside said stirrup (6). 17. - Preassembly to manufacture reinforcements for reinforced concrete comprising a plurality of transverse stirrups (6) joined to a plurality of flexible and inextensible longitudinal interconnection elements (13), wherein said stirrups (6) bear against each other on a compacted configuration and said interconnecting elements (13) are arranged in loops between a joint of said stirrup and the successive joint, said compacted pre-assembly being capable of being decompacted by a traction means in an extended configuration, in which said loops are extended and determine the desired distance between said stirrups (6), characterized in that said interconnection elements (13) are arranged in loops fed into said pre-assembly and are attached to said support stirrups (6) without interruption and at predefined redirect distances.