ES2670829T3 - Tool, system and procedure for screwing helical compression springs to form a helical disk spring - Google Patents

Abstract

Tool for fixing helical compression springs on a helical plate spring with a body (2) that has a channel (3) for receiving a mandrel (5) in which a helical compression spring (29, can be installed) 30). Said channel is concentric and has an axis of rotation (7), around which the tool (1), when fixing the compression coil springs (29, 30), rotates in a predetermined direction of rotation (8). The body of the tool (2) has a front surface (9) that is approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation (7), and on said front surface (9), adjacent to the channel (3), a nail is formed (12) which allows fixing one end of the compression coil spring (29, 30), characterized by having projection in the direction of rotation (8).

Description

Tool, system and procedure for screwing helical compression springs to form a helical disk spring

Description

[0001] The present invention concerns a tool, a system and a method for screwing helical compression springs to form a helical disk spring.

[0002] In DE 476 852 A a clamping element is provided provided with a projection for fastening one end of the spring on a mandrel of coil spring winding machines. The projection is fixed to a rotating ring arranged eccentrically with respect to the mandrel. By this arrangement, at the beginning of the rotation movement of the mandrel, the projection will be closer to the mandrel and will exert a constantly increasing pressure on the end of the trapped spring, so that only a short piece of the spring not protruding from the projection is necessary.

[0003] From DE 898 143 a device for winding springs on a rotating mandrel is detached. According to this device, it is provided that a disc formed in such a way that it has alternating thicknesses from a minimum to a maximum is accommodated in a front part of a handle of a tool. By this, the device can be arranged in the rotating mandrel so that the thickness of the disc corresponds to the point of contact with the mandrel with the desired separation between turns of the spring to be manufactured. The disk can then be placed on the last loop of the wire on the mandrel, so that the wire is mounted exactly at the desired clearance on the mandrel.

[0004] In the DE 29 16 446 C2 a helical spring set is presented. This helical spring set includes two helical springs, winding with respect to the axis of the spring from a spring belt, with a longer cross-section of the spring tape having an angle less than 90 ° with respect to the axis of the spring . These two helical springs are screwed together with an opposite inclined position of the cross sections.

[0005] From the DE 41 00 842 C1 a helical spring emerges. This helical spring comprises at least one support element placed at one end of the spring. The support element and the spring body are formed on a single level, the spring being produced by extracting the material between the turns.

[0006] From US 26 49 130 A a device for winding coil springs is detached. This device has a drive spindle, in which

arranged a mandrel. Through a guide device, a wire is placed on the mandrel, winding this wire over the spindle by rotating the spindle and forming a helical spring.

[0007] EP 2 223 752 A1 describes a tool construction set for forming inserting bending tools in a bending machine for bending or winding parts with elongated shape. A single bending tool of the tool construction set includes a cylindrical tool holder in whose front part a mandrel element is arranged. A bending mandrel has been formed on the front of the mandrel element. In addition, a bending element with a jaw is provided in the bending tool that has a shaped groove for pressing an elongated shaped piece in the bending against the bending mandrel. The shape grooves of the different shape jaws are designed for parts with different cross sections.

[0008] A device for prestressing springs for garage doors is detached from US 4 253 350 A. According to this device, a spring is provided on a cylindrical mandrel-like body and an end of the spring is fixed at a fixed point by means of a corresponding attachment attached to the mandrel. The other free end of the spring is attached to the device by a ratchet mechanism. By activating the ratchet mechanism, the spring can be prestressed accordingly and used in the corresponding garage door mechanism.

[0009] Industrial production and application of disc springs is associated with numerous drawbacks. It should be noted the high expenditure of material and labor of its production. In the application, disc springs have the disadvantage that assembly and maintenance require a lot of time due to the large number of individual discs. In addition, the unfavorable direction of the fiber of the material favors the appearance of fractures.

[0010] To avoid these disadvantages, coil coil coil springs were developed. In many cases, these can replace columns of disc springs stacked in the opposite direction from each other.

[0011] The helical disc spring is a one-piece spring element, composed of two equal compression helical springs screwed together, each of which is winding edge and obliquely with respect to the central axis from a band of steel with a cross section similar to that of a disc spring.

[0012] Since the helical disk springs do not decompose into individual disks, they have the advantage that they can be supplied with a protocolized invariable spring diagram. The edges of the outer and inner diameters of the helical disk springs can be rounded in the laminate or wire drawing of the

desired rectangular or trapezoidal cross section of the spring steel band. The fiber direction of the band is advantageous, which guarantees high security against fracture with equal load. The application of force takes place through the flat polished spring, similar to the helical compression springs.

[0013] The function of the present invention is to provide a tool that simplifies the twisting of helical disk springs.

[0014] To solve this task, the invention has the characteristics indicated in the independent claims. Advantageous configurations are indicated in the corresponding subordinate claims.

[0015] According to the invention, a tool is provided for the screw-up of helical disk springs according to claim 1. A helical disk spring is a one-piece spring element, composed of two equal compression helical springs screwed together. , each of them is winding of edge and obliquely with respect to the central axis from a steel band with a cross section similar to that of a disc spring.

[0016] One end of a helical compression spring can be fixed in the tool of the invention. To do this, one end of a helical compression spring is fixed on the claw for fixing the helical compression spring.

[0017] By providing a tool arrangement comprising two tools according to the invention, it is possible to screw two helical compression springs to form a helical disk spring. For this, a helical compression spring or the corresponding tool is rotated in a direction of rotation, while the second tool or the helical compression spring disposed in the tool does not experience rotation. In this way, the helical compression springs are screwed together.

[0018] In addition, a stop can be arranged, in a position more or less diametrically opposite the claw with respect to the passage, to limit the rotational movement of a second helical compression spring.

[0019] In the threading of two helical compression springs, both helical compression springs are completely screwed together once the stop is reached.

[0020] According to a second embodiment of the tool of the invention, a pitch diameter can be adjusted by means of a fixing means, preferably formed as a clamping device, so that it can accommodate mandrels with different diameters.

[0021] In this way it is possible to screw together compression coil springs with different diameters with a single tool.

[0022] The mandrel has a lateral surface that has a cylindrical section on which a corresponding helical compression spring with little clearance can be placed. The mandrel may be provided with a conical tip.

[0023] In addition, according to the second example of execution, the distance of the claw and the stop with respect to the axis of rotation can be adjusted by means of an adjustment device, so that it can load helical compression springs of different diameter. By this, helical compression springs with different diameters can be fixed.

[0024] The claw and the stop can be detachably attached to the front of the tool, so that the arrangement of the claw shoulder with respect to the direction of rotation is modifiable.

[0025] In this way, helical compression springs can be threaded wound to the left and right to form a helical disk spring. Likewise, a system for screwing a disk coil spring set is provided. This includes a lathe and two tools formed according to one of claims 1 to 8, a helical compression spring being able to be arranged in each tool and a tool being fixed on the lathe rotatably around the axis of rotation and can be placed in rotation using the lathe. A mandrel has been fixed in one step of one of the two tools. The other tool has a step in which the mandrel is insertable with little clearance, so that both tools can be arranged axially aligned. In each of the two tools a helical compression spring can be fixed in the corresponding claw, so that both helical compression springs can be screwed together to form a helical disk spring, the mandrel extending in the threaded through the step of the other tool. The handle of a tool can be fixed in the system on a chuck holding a lathe.

[0026] In the context of the present invention, all rotary machines, such as p. ex. lathes, milling machines, drills, engines, propellers or the like.

[0027] The invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of the drawings. These show in:

Fig. 1

it is a perspective representation of a tool according to the invention according to a first example of mandrel execution;

Fig 2

it is a perspective representation of a tool according to the invention according to the first example of execution with handles,

Fig. 3

it is a perspective representation of a tool according to the invention according to a second exemplary embodiment with mandrel and clamping device,

Fig. 4

it is a perspective representation of a tool according to the invention according to the second example of execution with handles and

Fig. 5

It is a schematic representation of a system according to the invention for screwing helical compression springs to form a helical disk spring set.

[0028] According to a first embodiment of the tool 1 according to the invention, it has a more or less cylindrical tool body 2 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2).

[0029] The lateral surface of the tool body 2 is arranged concentrically with respect to the axis of rotation 7. The tool 1 can be rotated in its use around the axis of rotation 7. In the tool body 2 a step 3 extending in axial direction. Step 3 is arranged in the tool body 2 concentrically with respect to the axis of rotation 7.

[0030] In addition, four radially extending threaded holes are provided more or less in the longitudinal center in the longitudinal center.

[0031] In step 3 a mandrel with more or less cylindrical shape 5 is arranged. The mandrel 5 is fixed by four screws 6 arranged in the threaded holes 4.

[0032] The mandrel 5 has a constant cross-section, sized in such a way that it allows a helical screw compression spring to be arranged on a lateral surface of the mandrel (5) with little clearance.

[0033] The tool body 2 has a front surface 9 more or less vertical with respect to the axis of rotation. On the front surface 9 a claw / stop body 11 has been formed. The claw / stop body 11 forms a wide bridge, which extends transversely over the front surface 9 and is arranged in the center of the tool body 2 Step 3 extends across the bridge. The bridge has two parallel narrow lateral surfaces 10. On one of the narrow lateral surfaces 10 a gap or a groove has been made, so that the section of the bridge that borders the groove forms a claw 12 for fixing a helical spring. Of compression. The claw 12 extends more or less radially and forms a protrusion that protrudes

in the direction of rotation 8. The area of the narrow lateral surface 10 of the bridge, which with respect to step 3 is in a position more or less diametrically opposite to the claw 12, forms a stop 25 against which the helical spring of compression. Therefore, the claw 12 and the stop 25 are arranged more or less rotosymmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation 7 or the mandrel 5.

[0034] At the end of the tool 1 opposite the front surface 9 of the tool body 2, a handle 13 has been formed. The handle 13 is formed in such a way that it can be fixed on a chuck holding a lathe. The handle 13 may in principle have any shape that is suitable for joining the tool 1 with a lathe or for fixing the tool 1 to its chuck. Therefore, in a view from above in axial direction, the handle 13 may have a circular, elliptical or polygonal shape with three, four, five or more corners, where appropriate, rounded. The handle 13 and the mandrel 5 are preferably formed by a single pin fixed to step 3 of the tool body 2.

[0035] Another embodiment of the tool 1 (Fig. 2) has essentially the same tool body 2, the mandrel and the handle not being provided in the second embodiment. Step 3 of this embodiment of the tool body 2 is slightly larger than that of the first embodiment, so that the tool body 2 can be mounted on the mandrel 5 with some clearance and the mandrel 5 can be freely rotated inside the tool body 2. A handle 26 is attached to each of the two threaded holes 4 opposite.

[0036] A tool 1 according to the invention is formed according to the second exemplary embodiment so that the tool 1 can produce helical disc springs of different diameter. The construction of the tool 1 according to the invention according to the second example of execution corresponds essentially to the construction of the tool according to the first example of execution. Provided that something different is not described, the tool according to the second execution example has the same characteristics as the tool according to the first execution example. The same components are provided with the same reference.

[0037] The tool 1 according to the second execution model comprises a tool body 2 formed by two parts (Fig. 3 to Fig. 5).

[0038] The tool body 2 according to the first embodiment (Fig. 3) is formed by two semicircular segments 14 and 15 joined together by screws (not shown).

[0039] In the composite state it is provided in both semicircular segments 14 and 15, in the center or in the area of the axis of rotation 7, a rectangular recess 16. In the recess 16 there are two presser jaws mounted on guide 17 and 18. Both

Pressing jaws 17 and 18 may be arranged radially on a guide device, for example a rail (not shown), spaced apart. The pressing jaws 17 and 18 form, in combination with an adjustment device, a clamping device. With the adjusting device, both pressing jaws 17 and 18 can be moved simultaneously to approach or separate from each other. In the embodiment according to Fig. 3, this adjustment device is not shown.

[0040] The mandrel 5 can be held between the pressing jaws 17 and 18.

[0041] Each of the pressing jaws 17 and 18 has two perforations 21 and 22.

[0042] The claw 12 is formed, according to the second exemplary embodiment, as an L-shaped body, with one side that forms a protrusion in the direction of rotation 8 and another side that extends in the axial direction and is provided with a cylindrical pin. The claw 12 is inserted by the cylindrical pin into one of the perforations 21 of the presser jaw 17.

[0043] The stop 25 is a more or less orthopedic shaped body that is also provided with a cylindrical pin extending in the axial direction 10. The stop 25 is inserted by the cylindrical pin into the corresponding bore 22 of the pressing jaw 18 which is arranged with respect to step 3 in a position more or less diametrically opposed to the claw.

[0044] The following describes a system 24 for screwing a disk coil spring set (Fig. 5).

[0045] Since the pressing jaws 17 and 18 each have two perforations, the claw 12 and the stop 25 can be fixed in two different positions on the tool 1. The positions are fixed such that the claw in both positions is oriented to the corresponding opposite direction, a claw tongue arranged more or less in a tangential position with respect to a concentric circle with respect to the axis of rotation 7, such that one end of a helical compression spring, placed on the mandrel 5, lean on the hollow of the claw. These different positions of the perforations 21 and 22 allow the claws to be arranged for a different direction of rotation or winding of the springs. This tool can therefore be used for coil springs on the left and on the right.

[0046] Since the space between the pressing jaws 17 and 18 is adjustable, the tool can also be used for mandrels 5 of different thickness. The present tool can therefore be used very flexibly for helical disc springs of different dimensions.

[0047] Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment with two handles 26. The tool body is divided in this embodiment into two circle segments of different sizes 27 and 28. Otherwise, this tool corresponds to the embodiment of Fig. 3.

[0048] The system 24 comprises a tool provided with a claw and stop which is fixed to a chuck for holding a lathe.

[0049] A helical compression spring can be arranged in this tool. The tool is fixed on the lathe chuck rotating around the axis of rotation and can be rotated by means of the lathe.

[0050] Another tool with claw and stop, as well as handles, is fixed axially aligned with respect to the first tool in a torsion-resistant manner.

[0051] The mandrel 5 is fixed in the passage of the first tool 1/1.

[0052] A first helical compression spring 29 is disposed on the mandrel 5, an end being received and fixed in a torsionally resistant manner by the claw 12 of the first tool 1/1. A second helical compression spring 30 is also located on the mandrel, both springs 29 and 30 being arranged with the first winding section straightened together. The free end of the second helical compression spring 30 is housed and thereby fixed torsionally in the hollow of the claw 12 of the second tool 1/2.

[0053] When turning the lathe 20, the first tool 1/1 is turned and with it the first helical spring 29. The second tool 1/2 is held by an operator by the handles 26 in a torsionally resistant manner, thereby which the second helical compression spring 30 is fixed in a torsion-resistant manner. Both springs 29 and 30 are screwed together. In this regard it is convenient to pull the second tool 1/2 exerting force in the opposite direction to the first tool 1/1, whereby the unit composed of the two helical compression springs 29 and 30 is maintained under a slight tension of traction . This minimizes the friction forces generated during the screwing of both springs 29 and 30. The winch 20 will be operated until both helical compression springs 29 and 30 touch the corresponding stops 25. Preferably a pedal switch will be provided. , with which the operator can adjust the turning speed of lathe 20.

[0054] Once both helical compression springs 29 and 30 have been completely screwed into a helical disk spring, the ends of the helical compression springs of the claws 12 are released, the second tool 1/2 of the mandrel is removed 5 and the screw threaded disc spring of the mandrel 5 is removed.

Preferably, a part, for example, half a turn of both helical compression springs 29 and 30 will be screwed together before placing them on the mandrel 5.

[0055] In this exemplary embodiment, the mandrel 5 is fixed to the first tool 1/1 which is coupled to the lathe 20. In the context of the invention, of course it is also possible to fix the mandrel 5 to the second tool 1 / 2, which is held manually, and provide a passage for the mandrel in the tool 1/1.

Reference List

[0056]

1 tool

2 Tool body

3 Step

4 Threaded drilling

5 Chuck

6 screw

7 Rotation axis

8 Direction of rotation

9 Front surface

10 Narrow lateral surface

11 Claw body / stop

12 Claw

13 Handle

14 Semicircular Segment

15 Semicircular segment

16 Hollow

17 Pressing Jaw

18 Pressing Jaw

19 20 Lathe

21 Through drilling

22 Through drilling

23 24 System for twisting disk helical springs

25 Stop

26 Handle

27 Circle Segment

28 Circle Segment

29 Helical Disc Spring

30 Helical Disc Spring

Claims (15)

Claims 1. Tool for fixing helical compression springs on a helical plate spring with a body (2) that has a channel (3) for receiving a mandrel (5) in which a helical compression spring can be installed ( 29, 30). Said channel is concentric and has an axis of rotation (7), around which the tool (1), when fixing the compression coil springs (29, 30), rotates in a predetermined direction of rotation (8). The body of the tool (2) has a front surface (9) that is approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation (7), and on said front surface (9), adjacent to the channel (3), a nail is formed (12) which allows fixing one end of the compression coil spring (29, 30), characterized by having projection in the direction of rotation (8). 2. Tool according to claim 1, characterized by having more or less diametrically opposed to the projection with respect to the channel (3) of a stop (25) to limit the rotational movement of a second helical compression spring. 3. Tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by having an internal width of the adjustable channel (3) so that mandrels (5) of different thickness can be used. 4. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by having a mandrel (5) with a lateral surface that at least partially has a continuous cross section in which a helical compression spring with limited space can be installed. 5. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has a nail (12) and a stop (25) that can be connected in a feasible manner to the front surface of the tool (1), so that the arrangement of the Projection of the nail (12) with respect to the direction of rotation (8) is variable so that coil compression coil springs can be installed both to the left and to the right. 6. Tool according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by presenting a distance from the nail (12) and the stop (25) to the axis of rotation (7) adjustable by means of an adjustment device so that they can fix compression coil springs of different internal diameter. 7. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tool (1/2) has at least one, preferably two, handles (26) for keeping the tool fixed during rotation. 8. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tool (1/2) is provided with a rod (13) connectable to a lathe (20) which can preferably be installed in a lathe holder. 9. Tool according to claim 8, characterized by having a rod (13) and a mandrel (5) formed integrally. 10. System for fixing helical compression springs on a helical plate spring composed of - a lathe (20), - two tools arranged according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a helical compression spring can be installed in each tool (1) and the tool of the two tools (1) of the lathe (20) rotates steadily around the axis of rotation (7) and rotated by means of the lathe (20), and the other tool (1) is installed in axial alignment of fixed rotation with the first tool, and a mandrel (5) is installed in a channel of one of the two tools (1), so that by means of the system two helical compression springs (29, 30) can be fixed inside each other, the mandrel (5) extending through a channel (3) of the other tool ( 1) during fixing. 11. System according to claim 10, characterized by having a rod (13) in one of the tools (1) that is installed in the lathe holder (20). 12. Method for joining helical compression springs in order to form a helical plate spring, wherein a first helical compression spring (29) is installed in a first tool (1/1) designed according to claims 1 to 8 and arranged in a mandrel (5), where the first tool (1/1) is fixed to the lathe (20) that rotates on the axis of rotation (7), and by means of the lathe (20) is introduced in a movement rotating, and a second tool (1/2), in which a helical compression spring (30) is also installed, axially aligned with the first tool (1/1) against rotation, where by means of the rotating movement of the lathe (20), the two helical compression springs (29, 30) are joined so that said two helical compression springs (29, 30) form a helical plate spring. 13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the union of the two helical compression springs is limited by a stop (25). 14. Method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the mandrel (5) is installed in one of the two tools and during fixation extends with free rotation through a channel (3) of the other tool (1 / 1, 1/2). 15. Method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that during the fixing a tensile force acting in the axial direction is exerted on the two helical compression springs, preferably by means of handles (26).