ES2641362T3 - Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus with at least one body (10), which has at least one outer wall and in which at least one refrigerated compartment (20) is arranged, and with at least one refrigerant circuit having at least an evaporator for cooling the compartment (20), characterized in that one or more anti-irradiation screens (60) are provided, which at least partially reflect and / or keep the thermal radiation of at least partially separated from the cooled interior (20) a wall or at least one component, wherein the anti-irradiation screen (s) (60) are applied to the inner container or to the inner side of the door (30) and are previously mounted, with respect to the wall of the inner container or the inner side of the door (30), in the direction of the refrigerated interior (20).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus

The present invention refers to a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus with at least one body, which has at least one outer wall and in which at least one refrigerated compartment is disposed, and with at least one refrigerant circuit presenting the minus an evaporator to cool the compartment.

It is known from the state of the art, when calculating the thermal flux in the apparatus, to contemplate the heat conduction through the insulating material of the apparatus as! such as convective transport of heat over the air in the refrigerated compartment and then over the evaporator. Based on this, the construction design of the devices and the choice of the materials to be used are carried out.

From DE 3 130 458 A1 it is known to shape the surfaces of a cooling apparatus in such a way that they have a high absorption for thermal radiation.

From DE 595 010 C it is also known to form the thermal insulation of a refrigerator by means of aluminum sheets, which are separated from each other by layers of air.

From DE 7 807 672 U1 it is known to configure the inner surface of the sliding lid of a freezer with a highly reflective metal surface.

The object of the present invention is to improve the degree of effectiveness of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus.

This object is resolved by means of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus with the characteristics of claim 1. According to this it is provided that one or more anti-irradiation screens (60) are provided, which reflect at least partially and / or keep away from another mode of the cooled interior (20) the thermal radiation of at least one wall or at least one component, wherein the anti-irradiation screen (s) (60) are applied to the inner container or to the inner side of the door (30) and are mounted previously, with respect to the wall of the inner container or to the inner side of the door (30), in the direction of the refrigerated interior (20).

In one embodiment, it is provided that one or more walls of the compartment and / or at least one element located in the compartment and / or one or several exterior walls of the apparatus body are equipped by zones or completely with means, by means of which reduces the degree of emission in relation to the thermal radiation of said wall and / or of said element.

By the characteristic, that the degree of emission is reduced or increased, it should be understood within the framework of the present invention that the degree of emission of the affected component is less or greater if said means are used than without the use of said means .

The present invention is thus based in particular on the idea of reducing the heat input into the refrigerated compartment, by means of which the thermal flux generated by thermal radiation is reduced with respect to known apparatuses.

The thermal flux due to thermal radiation depends on a constant, on the surface temperature of the component that emits the thermal radiation, on its size and on the degree of emission, which can be located between 0 and 1. A perfect mirror presents the degree of emission 0, an ideal black body the degree of emission 1.

The mentioned means cause the thermal radiation to be reduced, which comes, for example, from the surface of said compartment turned towards the refrigerated interior or also from the surface of a component located therein, such as, for example, a storage surface. The emitted thermal radiation is reduced in this way with respect to the state without the use of said means.

At this point it should be borne in mind that the term "compartment wall" is not limited to the true container, but also covers the inner door, that is, the inner side of the door.

Likewise, the term "compartment" means not only the space used to house the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus, but also the space in which the evaporator is located. This evaporator space is preferably connected by flow to the storage space to accommodate products to be cooled or frozen, such that an exchange of air between the evaporator space and the storage space is possible or takes place. The evaporator space can be separated from the storage space, for example by a vertical separator plate or by a cooling air channel.

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According to the invention, it is therefore provided that one or more anti-irradiation screens are provided internally and / or externally in the apparatus, which reflect at least partially and / or otherwise keep away, to a large extent or completely, from the refrigerated interior (20) the thermal radiation of at least one wall or at least one component of the apparatus.

The entry of heat into the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus or in the refrigerated interior is thus hindered or prevented by one or more anti-irradiation screens and, in this way, the heat input is reduced. An anti-irradiation screen is a surface that is not in thermally conductive contact with other surfaces, but exchanges heat only through radiation.

Preferably, it is provided that the anti-irradiation screen is made at least on one side with a surface with a low degree of emission, to absorb as little heat as possible. The thermal radiation that affects the anti-irradiation screen is preferably partially or totally reflected. An advantage of the use of anti-irradiation screens is that the surface with a low degree of emission can be arranged not visible to the user, that is, in this case the optics of the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus are not impaired .

The anti-irradiation screens are applied to the inner container or to the inner side of the door and previously mounted, with respect to the wall of the inner container or the inner side of the door, in the direction of the refrigerated interior. They can extend for example parallel to it.

It is preferable that the anti-irradiation screens are provided on the surfaces of the inner wall or of the inner container, preferably on the inner side of the door, clapper or other closing element and / or on the rear wall behind a evaporator suspended freely, by areas or throughout its surface, whereby thermal radiation is reduced.

In the case of the evaporator mentioned, it is preferably a freely suspended evaporator. For example, a roll-bond or Z-bond type evaporator, or also an evaporator or flat exchanger made in another way from a separate circuit (sole English) is contemplated.

During the operating time of the compressor, surfaces with very different temperatures face each other in the apparatus. The surface of the evaporator, which is very cold, exchanges radiation with the relatively hot surfaces of the inner vessel and, where appropriate, of other parts inside the apparatus. If these surfaces are composed of a material with a relatively high degree of emission, heat can be transferred directly from the inner vessel to the evaporator and, in this regard, load the heat transport into the frying circuit.

In order to reduce thermal radiation, it may be provided, for example, to use materials for the production of the inner container, which have a lower degree of emission than conventional materials of the inner container, or also to use a suitable coating that has a lower degree of emission than the material of the inner container without this coating.

In one embodiment, the apparatus has at least one heat exchanger and / or heat accumulator, where the heat exchanger and / or the heat accumulator are equipped by zones or completely with means, by means of which their degree of emission increases in relation to thermal radiation. This leads, for example, in the case of an evaporator having a surface with a high degree of emission, the advantage that the radiation is absorbed efficiently and the heat is well evacuated from the refrigerated compartment.

With the said means, setters can also be made, such as door setters, or also intermediate floors, such as horizontal separator plates or storage surfaces, or any other installation parts of the inner container.

Thus, for example, it is conceivable to produce intermediate settlers and / or floors with a material with a low degree of emission or to equip them with a coating, which has a reduced degree of emission, such as mirrors or mirrored surfaces, shiny metallic sheets or metallic varnishes.

The use of these means is not limited to the refrigerated interior. Alternatively or additionally it can also cover the outer area of the apparatus.

Thus, for example, it is conceivable that the outer wall or a partial area of the outer wall, such as the compressor niche or the rear wall of the apparatus, is made with the means mentioned.

028 Basically, it is advantageous that the surfaces that are in the area of hot parts of the apparatus, such as in the area of a compressor or a blender, are composed of a material with a lower degree of emission or are equipped with a coating of a material with low emission. Also here

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by way of example, they contemplate metal sheets, in particular shiny metal sheets or also metallic varnishes. The reduced degree of emission leads to a reduced absorption of thermal radiation or a reduced emission of thermal radiation, thereby obtaining the advantage that, for example from a blender or from a compressor, heat can be efficiently evacuated.

Basically the invention comprises any means that leads to the desired increase or decrease in the degree of emission. It is conceivable that in the case of the media it is the material of the affected component itself, a coating or a three-dimensional structuring of the surface.

In this way it is possible to produce the affected component or at least its surface, such as the inner container, with a material with a lower degree of emission or an evaporator with a higher degree of emission, or to achieve the desired characteristics ( lower or higher degree of emission) by a coating.

It is conceivable that in the case of the coating it is a vaporization, a varnish, mirror or glue. This list is of an exemplary nature and not a definitive enumeration of the measures for coating components of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus.

In the case of the means, by means of which it reduces the degree of emission, it can be a surface or a glossy coating, a sheet, a mirror, a metal sheet, a metal or a polished metal sheet (a), or of a metallic varnish.

The coatings or surface materials, which can be used to modify the degree of emission, are for example thin sheets or metal sheets of materials such as aluminum, copper, etc. These materials can also be used as a layer of the anti-irradiation screen (s).

It is also conceivable to use additives, which are added by mixing to a basic material and reduce or increase, according to need, the degree of emission at least of the surface of the component. As additives, for example, metals, plastics, ceramics, pure substances, such as TiO2 are contemplated.

The invention also encompasses a superficial mechanization or modification, which leads to a modification, preferably to an increase in the degree of emission.

A mechanization or surface modification of this type can be, for example, the structuring of the surface, in order to increase the surface available for thermal radiation absorption. This structuring can be done before, after or during the production or coating process, for example by lamination, laser microstructuring, stamping of a structure during the deep drawing process, etc.

Preferably, the structuring is configured with it in such a way that an increase in the surface area of the component is obtained. In this way, for example, the surface of an evaporator can be structured in such a way that it has a greater surface area and with it a greater degree of emission in relation to an unstructured state.

Such a structuring is not only applicable to evaporators, but to heat exchangers made in any way of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus, that is, also to blenders or other heat exchangers, eg to devices with secondary circuit, etc.

As explained above, it is advantageous, in particular in the case of evaporators of a refrigerant circuit, that through the use of the medium according to the invention its emission level is increased and with it also the thermal radiation absorption capacity. It is conceivable to produce an evaporator with a material that has a high degree of emission or to coat the evaporator with such a material. In this way the degree of evaporator emission is increased with respect to a state without the use of the mentioned means. It is conceivable to coat the evaporator eg by means of vaporization, varnishing, bonding, etc. For example, a coating with a material is contemplated, eg with a radiator varnish, a black varnish, preferably matte black or other black realization mode, preferably matte black of the evaporator, in particular of non-visible surfaces of the evaporator As explained above, it is conceivable, alternatively or additionally, to increase the degree of emission by means of adding one or more additives to the base material. Naturally, these embodiments are not only valid for evaporators, but for any heat exchanger, such as evaporators, blenders or other heat exchangers, for example in devices with secondary circuits, etc.

It is known from the state of the art to have latent heat accumulators or other heat accumulators in heat exchangers of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus. The present invention also makes reference to these heat accumulators or latent heat accumulators.

In this way it is conceivable to configure these heat accumulators or latent heat accumulators in such a way that they are composed at least in the area of their surface, in accordance with the above modes of realization, of a material or are coated with a material increase the degree of emission of the accumulator. It is also possible to structure the surface of the accumulators described above in more detail, 5 to increase their surface area.

It is conceivable that the heat accumulator (s) or latent heat accumulators are applied to evaporators, blenders or other heat exchangers, or also to other points in the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus.

By means of the use of the means, the thermal radiation absorption capacity of the accumulators 10 is increased and with it their efficiency.

Based on an embodiment shown in the drawing, particularities and advantages of the invention are explained in more detail. Here they show:

Figure 1: a schematic view of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to the invention with a first arrangement of anti-irradiation screens, and

Figure 2: a schematic view of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to the invention with a second arrangement of anti-irradiation screens.

A conceivable embodiment refers to a refrigerator, whose refrigerated compartment is formed or limited by an inner container and the inner side of a door.

In the rear area of the compartment there is a freely suspended evaporator, which is made for example as a rollbond or Z-bond evaporator. The evaporator can be found behind a coating, which is formed, for example, by a separator plate and used as a shield, so that the evaporator is not visible. The evaporator space and the storage space to house the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus are connected by flow, so that cold air can arrive from the evaporator to the storage space and air from the storage space to the evaporator.

25 The surface of the inner wall of the inner container and in particular of the area behind the evaporator, that is, the rear wall of the inner container and / or the inner side of the door are equipped, on their side turned towards the refrigerated compartment, with a coating that reduces the degree of emission of the inner container or the inner door with respect to the uncoated state. As a coating material, for example, a mirror or a mirrored surface, a glossy surface, such as a metal sheet or a sheet, preferably a polished sheet with intense luster are contemplated.

In this way the degree of emission can be considerably reduced.

In this way the degree of emission of the plastic (PVC) is approximately 0.93, that of an aluminum foil or a polished aluminum sheet, however, only approximately 0.04 to 0.05.

Alternatively or additionally to the use of a liner it is also conceivable to produce the material of the inner container 35, including the inner side of the door, with a material that has a lower degree of emission than the conventional material of the inner container. It is conceivable, for example, to equip the material of the inner container with additives, which are configured in such a way that they reduce the degree of surface emission. Materials such as copper or aluminum are contemplated, which are added by mixing the plastic material.

It is preferably provided that the degree of emission of the walls of the inner container or inner door 40 and / or other internal structures located in the refrigerated interior is <0.8 and particularly preferred <0.5.

It may be additionally provided that the evaporator has a surface with a degree of emission, which is located above that of a conventional evaporator. This can be achieved, for example, by means of the evaporator being produced with a corresponding material or equipped with a coating that increases the degree of emission and thus also the absorption capacity.

For example, a varnish, vaporization or bonding is contemplated, where these coatings are preferably made in a dark shade and preferably in black.

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The reduction of the degree of emission of the walls of the inner container has the advantage, that the thermal radiation coming from them is reduced, that is, the heat input into the refrigerated interior is reduced.

The evaporator preferably has an emission degree> 0.5 and particularly preferably> 0.8. These values can also be applied to other heat exchangers, such as the blender or other heat accumulators, in particular latent heat accumulators or their covers.

The increase in the degree of emission of the evaporator surface entails the advantage that the existing heat is better absorbed and thereby more efficiently extracted from the refrigerated interior.

It is conceivable to carry out the matt black evaporator, which in particular is not harmful if it is coated, for example if it is housed in a cooling air channel separated by a separator plate. Thus, for example, the sheet has an emission degree of approximately 0.07 and the matt black varnish an emission degree of 0.97.

These values show that with relatively simple means an increase in the degree of emission of an evaporator or other heat exchangers and a reduction in the wall of the inner container or other internal structures can be carried out.

Alternatively or additionally, the evaporator may be equipped with a structuring, preferably with a microstructure, which increases its surface and thereby leads to an increase in the degree of emission.

Figure 1 shows with the reference symbol 10 the body of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus, whose refrigerated interior 20 can be closed by a door 30. As can be deduced in addition to figure 1, on the rear exterior side of the apparatus the blender 40 and in a compressor niche arranged behind, below, the compressor 50.

From figure 1 it can also be deduced that the door is equipped on its inner side, that is to say on its side turned towards the inner refrigerated 20, with an anti-irradiation screen 60, which has a reflective side that is turned towards the inner side of the door 30. This reflective side is characterized in the figure with the reference symbol 62 and directed towards the respective "heat source".

An anti-irradiation screen 60 is also provided with a reflective side between the outer side of the apparatus body 10 and the blender 40. Another anti-irradiation screen is located between the compressor 50 and the compressor niche, as shown in the Figure 1. As represented by the arrows in Figure 1, the anti-irradiation screens 60 produce with the reflective side 62 that the thermal radiation from the walls or the components in question is reflected, at least partially, on the side reflective and thereby reduce a heat input in the appliance or in the refrigerated interior 20. As can be deduced from Figure 1, the anti-irradiation screen 60 can be made as a plate or as a straight surface, or also as a curved element .

Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus, in which the door is not only equipped with one but with several anti-irradiation screens 60, which respectively have a reflective side or surface 62. The arrangement of several anti-irradiation screens produces a particularly efficient impediment to the entry of heat into the interior cooled by reflection.

The anti-irradiation screens can also be applied basically at different points than those shown in Figures 1 and 2, such as on the wall of the inner container. The arrangement of the anti-irradiation screens in layers reduces the entry of heat by radiation.

Claims (7)

I. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus with at least one body (10), which has at least one outer wall and in which at least one refrigerated compartment (20) is arranged, and with at least one refrigerant circuit having at least one evaporator to cool the compartment (20), characterized in that they are provided 5 one or more anti-irradiation screens (60), which reflect at least partially and / or otherwise keep away from the cooled interior (20) the thermal radiation of at least one wall or at least one component, where the o the anti-irradiation screens (60) are applied to the inner container or to the inner side of the door (30) and are previously mounted, with respect to the wall of the inner container or to the inner side of the door (30), in the direction of the interior refrigerated (20). 10 2. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to claim 1, whose refrigerant circuit has at least a heat exchanger, in particular the at least one evaporator and / or the blender, and / or which is made with at least one heat accumulator, in particular a latent heat accumulator, wherein the heat exchanger and / or the Heat accumulators are equipped by zones or completely with means, by which the degree of emission increases. 3. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the evaporator is arranged at least partially in the compartment (20) or is in thermally conductive contact therewith, and / or because one or several walls of the compartment (20) and / or at least one element located in the compartment (20) and / or one or several outer walls of the apparatus body (10) are equipped by zones or completely with means, by means of which the degree of emission of said wall and / or of said element is reduced. 4. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that in the case of the elements located in the compartment (20) these are settlers and / or intermediate floors. 5. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that in the case of the media it is the material of the affected component itself, a coating or a structuring 25 three-dimensional surface. 6. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that in the case of the coating it is a vaporization, a varnishing, mirroring or bonding. 7. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that in the case of the means, by means of which it reduces the degree of emission, it is a surface or a coating 30 mirrored (or) or shiny, a sheet, a metal sheet or a metallic varnish. 8. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that in the case of the media these are additives, which are contained in the basic material. 9. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that in the case of additives it is metals, plastics, ceramics or metal oxides. 35. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the wall exterior is configured only or also in the zone (s) with the means that are arranged adjacent to a component of the apparatus, which in operation of the apparatus undergoes heating, in particular a compressor or a blender (40). II. Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the 40 anti-irradiation screens (60) have a reflective coating (62) and / or are present in a configuration multiple.