CN110260557A - A kind of refrigerating plant - Google Patents
A kind of refrigerating plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN110260557A CN110260557A CN201910363606.4A CN201910363606A CN110260557A CN 110260557 A CN110260557 A CN 110260557A CN 201910363606 A CN201910363606 A CN 201910363606A CN 110260557 A CN110260557 A CN 110260557A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B23/00—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect
- F25B23/003—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect using selective radiation effect
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- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of refrigerating plants, comprising: refrigerating layer, refrigerating layer are 50%~100% in the emissivity of 7 μm~14 mu m wavebands；Cooling layer is stored up, storage cooling layer includes storing up cold material and the support construction for being limited to storage cold material, and there are heat exchange contact faces between storage cooling layer and refrigerating layer；Fluid channel, fluid channel are formed in storage cooling layer, and fluid channel has entrance and exit, and the fluid for carrying out heat exchange with storage cooling layer is suitable for entering fluid channel by entrance and be discharged from outlet.Refrigerating plant provided by the invention can freeze to the region other than refrigerating plant, to greatly improve the practicability of refrigerating plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radiation refrigeration technical field more particularly to a kind of refrigerating plants.
Background technique
As global warming aggravation and people are to quality of the life increasingly higher demands, the increase in demand of refrigeration is obvious, closely
Nian Lai, the passive Refrigeration Technique for not needing the consumption energy receive more and more attention.
Radiation refrigeration is a kind of typical passive refrigeration modes, principle be radiation refrigeration body by the heat of self-heating with 7 μm
The form of~14 μm of electromagnetic waves is discharged into temperature close to the external space of absolute zero by " atmospheric window ", reaches itself cooling
Purpose.In the patent that notification number is CN109070695A, a kind of radiation-cooled structure and system, including polymer are disclosed
With the multiple dielectric particles being dispersed in the polymer, the average-size of dielectric particle is 3 μm~30 μm, and dielectric particle is from by two
It is chosen in component composed by silica, calcium carbonate, silicon carbide, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and aluminium oxide, the radiation-cooled structure
There is the average emitted rate from 0.5~1.0 for 7 μm~14 μm of wave-length coverage of radiation.
But existing radiation refrigeration structure can only cool down to the region that it is covered, and be difficult to other than institute overlay area
Region freeze.The refrigeration principle of radiation refrigeration structure determines that it is needed when in use towards space, substantially can not be
Indoor or interior of articles plays refrigerating function, this also greatly limits the application of existing radiation refrigeration structure.
Summary of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of refrigerating plants, can be effectively to system
Freeze in region other than cooling layer institute overlay area.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of refrigerating plant is provided, comprising:
Refrigerating layer, the refrigerating layer are 70%~100% in the emissivity of 7 μm~14 mu m wavebands；
Cooling layer is stored up, the storage cooling layer includes storing up cold material and the support knot for being limited to the storage cold material
Structure, there are heat exchange contact faces between the storage cooling layer and the refrigerating layer；
Fluid channel, the fluid channel are formed in the storage cooling layer, and the fluid channel has entrance and exit, are used
It is suitable for entering the fluid channel by the entrance in the fluid for carrying out heat exchange with the storage cooling layer and is arranged from the outlet
Out.
The storage cold material is that solid-solid phase-change stores up cold material or solid-liquid phase change Chu Lengcai in one of the embodiments,
The phase transition temperature of material, the storage cold material is lower than 60 DEG C.
The phase transition temperature of the storage cold material is 10 DEG C~30 DEG C in one of the embodiments,.
The support construction of the storage cooling layer is shell in one of the embodiments, and shown shell forms an accommodating chamber, institute
It states storage cold material to be filled in the accommodating chamber limited by the shell, the refrigerating layer is covered on at least partly outer of the shell
Surface, the fluid channel are located in the storage cold material, and the entrance of the fluid channel and the outlet are formed in
On the shell；Alternatively, the shell forms an accommodating chamber with opening, the storage cold material is filled in the accommodating chamber
Interior, the refrigerating layer is set to the opening of the accommodating chamber and by the closure of openings, the storage cold material and the refrigerating layer
Face contact is formed, the entrance of the fluid channel and the outlet are formed on the shell.
The housing parts contacted in one of the embodiments, with the refrigerating layer are prepared by metal material, not by
The housing parts of the refrigerating layer covering are prepared by thermal insulation material, or in the shell not covered by the refrigerating layer
Outer setting insulating layer.
The refrigerating layer includes the reflecting layer being stacked and emission layer, the reflecting layer in one of the embodiments,
Stacking is set in the storage cooling layer, and the reflecting layer is greater than 60% to the reflectivity of visible light and near infrared light, the transmitting
Layer includes polymer base material and the radiation refrigeration body being dispersed in polymer base material.
The refrigerating plant further includes an at least pipeline in one of the embodiments, and the pipeline includes being sequentially communicated
Input pipeline section, heat exchange pipeline section and output pipeline section, the heat exchange pipeline section be set in the storage cooling layer, the interior formation of the heat exchange pipeline section
The fluid channel.
The thickness of the heat exchange pipeline section is no more than 10mm in one of the embodiments,.
The pipeline includes multiple heat exchange pipeline sections in one of the embodiments, the both ends of each heat exchange pipeline section
It is connected to respectively with the input pipeline section and the output pipeline section.
Outlet valve is arranged in the pipeline at the output pipeline section in one of the embodiments, and the pipeline is described
Inlet valve is set at input channel, and directionally to pass in and out the fluid logical for controlling fluid for the inlet valve and the outlet valve
Road.
The outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline section is contacted with the refrigerating layer in one of the embodiments, the heat exchanger tube
The thermal conductivity of section is greater than the thermal conductivity of the storage cold material.
Compared with prior art, refrigerating plant provided by the invention can freeze to the region other than refrigerating plant, from
And greatly improve the practicability of refrigerating plant.
Above and other technical characteristics of the invention, beneficial effect will further illustrate in following description.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section of one embodiment of refrigerating plant of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of second embodiment of refrigerating plant of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the third embodiment of refrigerating plant of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the 4th embodiment of refrigerating plant of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the 5th embodiment of refrigerating plant of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the 6th embodiment of refrigerating plant of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the top view of the storage cooling layer of the 6th embodiment of refrigerating plant of the invention, it is shown that in storage cooling layer
Fluid line；
In figure: 1, refrigerating layer；11, reflecting layer；12, emission layer；2, cooling layer is stored up；21a/21b, shell；30, fluid channel；
3, pipeline；31, pipeline section is inputted；32, exchange heat pipeline section；33, pipeline section is exported；4, insulating layer.
Specific embodiment
In the following, being described further in conjunction with specific embodiment to the present invention, it should be noted that is do not collided
Under the premise of, new embodiment can be formed between various embodiments described below or between each technical characteristic in any combination.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that " transverse direction ", " vertical if any term " center " for the noun of locality
To ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top",
The indicating positions such as "bottom", "inner", "outside", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise " and positional relationship are orientation based on the figure or position
Relationship is set, the narration present invention is merely for convenience of and simplifies description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning are necessary
It constructs and operates with specific orientation, with particular orientation, should not be understood as limiting specific protection scope of the invention.
It should be noted that term " includes " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that covering is non-exclusive
Include, for example, the process, method, system, product or equipment for containing a series of steps or units are not necessarily limited to clearly arrange
Those of out step or unit, but may include be not clearly listed or it is solid for these process, methods, product or equipment
The other step or units having.
As shown in figs. 1-7, the present invention provides a kind of refrigerating plant, including refrigerating layer 1, storage cooling layer 2 and fluid channel 30.
Refrigerating layer 1 is 70%~100% in the emissivity of 7 μm~14 mu m wavebands.Refrigerating layer 1 can be by the heat of its own
It is emitted in space by atmospheric window in the form of an electromagnetic wave, so that own temperature be made to reduce.
Storage cooling layer 2 includes storage cold material and the support construction for being limited to storage cold material, storage cooling layer 2 and refrigeration
There are heat exchange can be carried out between heat exchange contact face namely refrigerating layer 1 and storage cooling layer 2 between layer 1, the heat of cooling layer 2 is stored up not
Stealpass is delivered to the lower refrigerating layer 1 of temperature, and refrigerating layer 1 is again launched heat in the form of an electromagnetic wave to keep lower temperature
Degree.Cooling capacity can be stored using the characteristic of storage cold material by storing up cooling layer 2.
Fluid channel 30 is formed in storage cooling layer 2, with entrance and exit, for carrying out heat exchange with storage cooling layer 2
Fluid is suitable for entering fluid channel 30 by entrance and be discharged from outlet.In general, the temperature of fluid is higher than the temperature of storage cooling layer 2,
When fluid passes through fluid channel 30, fluid and storage cooling layer 2 carry out heat exchange, thus taken out of the cooling capacity that cooling layer 2 stores is stored up, it will
The fluid conveying of cooling capacity is carried to the space or object for needing to cool down, to realize the cooling to space or object.
Refrigerating plant provided by the invention can freeze to the region other than refrigerating plant, to greatly improve system
The practicability of device for cooling.Refrigerating layer 1 can be arranged in the position for capableing of space-ward transmitting electromagnetic wave, will be made using storage cooling layer 2
The cooling capacity storage that cooling layer 1 generates, is then taken out of the cooling capacity for storing up cooling layer 2 using fluid, the fluid for carrying cooling capacity can be according to need
It is delivered in the space of any required refrigeration or at object.
In some application examples, fluid can be the gas in confined space, and the gas in confined space is passed through pumping
Device of air is sent into fluid channel 30, and after heat exchange, temperature reduces gas, is then sent into again by corresponding air supply plant
In confined space, to realize the circularly cooling to air in confined space.
In other application examples, fluid can be the liquid by pipeline, and the liquid of high temperature is defeated by pipeline
Enter in fluid channel 30, liquid carries out heat exchange with storage cooling layer 2 in fluid channel 30, and temperature is lowered, the liquid that temperature reduces
Body, which is pipelined to again at the object for needing to cool down, carries out heat exchange.
Storage cold material of the invention can be solid-state or liquid at normal temperature (- 25 DEG C~50 DEG C).Preferably, cold material is stored up
Cold material is stored up for solid-solid phase-change or solid-liquid phase change stores up cold material.Preferably, the phase transition temperature of cold material is stored up lower than 60 DEG C, it is more excellent
Selection of land, the phase transition temperature for storing up cold material is 10 DEG C~30 DEG C.In some embodiments, above-mentioned storage cold material is paraffin class phase transformation material
Material, hydrated salt class phase transformation material or polyalcohol phase-change material.In other embodiments, phase-change material is also possible to water, alcohol
It is the position of liquid under equal room temperature.
The support construction of storage cooling layer 2 can be support frame (not shown), supporting surface etc., be also possible to the dress such as container
It sets.
In some embodiments, storage cold material is being before phase change and/or after phase transformation fluid, and the support construction of storage cooling layer 2 is
One shell, storage cold material are set in the housing, and shell limits the storage cold material of fluid state.
In one embodiment of shell, as shown in Fig. 2, shell 21a forms an accommodating chamber, storage cold material is filled in by shell
In the accommodating chamber that body 21a is limited.Refrigerating layer 1 is covered on at least partly outer surface of shell 21a.Fluid channel 30 is located at Chu Lengcai
In material, the entrance of fluid channel 30 and outlet are formed on shell 21a.Preferably, the portion shell 21a contacted with refrigerating layer 1
Divide and prepared by metal material, the good heat conductivity of metal material, is conducive to refrigerating layer 1 and storage cold material quickly carries out heat exchange.
Preferably, it is not prepared by the part shell 21a that refrigerating layer 1 covers by thermal insulation material, or in the shell not covered by refrigerating layer 1
Insulating layer 4 (as shown in Figure 3) is set outside 21a, it is free to external diffusion to avoid the cooling capacity of storage cooling layer 2.
In another embodiment of shell, as shown in figure 4, shell 21b forms an accommodating chamber with opening, Chu Lengcai
Material is filled in accommodating chamber, and refrigerating layer 1 is set to the opening of accommodating chamber, thus by closure of openings, storage cold material and 1 face of refrigerating layer
Contact, the entrance of fluid channel 30 and outlet are formed on shell 21b.Preferably, shell 21b by thermal insulation material prepare or
In the low insulating layer (not shown) of shell 21b outer cladding thermal conductivity, outside is freely spread to avoid cooling capacity.
Shell 21a/21b can be prepared by rigid material or flexible material.Preferably, shell 21a/21b has centainly
Elastic deformation ability, so that shell 21a/21b can provide one by flexible deformation when the storage cold material expansion in accommodating chamber
Fixed expansion space.For example, shell can follow generation shape when because of expanding with heat and contract with cold volume change occurs for storage cold material
Become, remain and be bonded completely with storage cold material, and supports between storage cold material and refrigerating layer and there is heat-exchange surface always.
Fluid channel 30 can be to be formed by storage cold material, namely stores up what the formation of cold material therein allowed fluid from
Channel, incompatible with storage cold material for carrying out the fluid of heat exchange at this time, preferably storage cold material is solid-solid phase-change Chu Lengcai
Material.
Fluid channel 30 can also be formed by the pipeline being arranged in storage cooling layer 2, and fluid and storage cold material be not direct at this time
Contact, but utilize the exchange of the thermally conductive realization heat of pipeline.(usually -25 DEG C at normal temperature of fluid in fluid channel 30
~50 DEG C) it is gaseous state or liquid.In some embodiments, it is 5%~50% that fluid channel 30, which accounts for the volume of storage cooling layer 2,.
In some embodiments, as shown in figs. 5 or 7, refrigerating plant further includes an at least pipeline 3, and pipeline 3 is at least partly
Tube body is arranged in storage cooling layer 2, and the both ends of pipeline 3 extend respectively into outside storage cooling layer 2, the pipeline 3 i.e. shape being arranged in energy-storage layer 2
At fluid channel 30.In other words, pipeline 3 includes the input pipeline section 31 being sequentially communicated, exchange heat pipeline section 32 and output pipeline section 33,
Middle heat exchange pipeline section 32 is the tube body in storage cooling layer 2, and exchange heat pipeline section 32 namely fluid channel 30, and fluid passes through input pipeline section 31
Into in heat exchange pipeline section 32, by the thermally conductive of tube wall and storage cooling layer 2 heat exchange occurs for fluid in heat exchange pipeline section 32, after heat exchange
Fluid pass through again output pipeline section 33 export.
For the heat exchanger effectiveness for improving fluid and storage cooling layer 2 in fluid channel 30, the thermal conductivity of heat exchange pipeline section 32 can be improved
Rate and/or the contact area for increasing heat exchange pipeline section 32 and storage cooling layer 2.
In some embodiments, the heat exchange pipeline section 32 of pipeline 3 is prepared by metal material.The good heat conductivity of metal material,
Heat exchange is quickly carried out to be conducive to the fluid to exchange heat in pipeline section 32 with storage cooling layer 2.Metal material can be good heat conductivity
Alloy.
In some embodiments, pipeline section 32 is serpentine-like or spiral shape for heat exchange, is conducive to increase fluid and store up cooling layer 2 to carry out heat
The time of exchange, it is fully cooled fluid.
In some embodiments, pipeline 3 includes multiple heat exchange pipeline sections 32, the both ends of each heat exchange pipeline section 32 respectively with input pipe
Section 31 is connected to output pipeline section 32, as shown in figure 5, being conducive to the face for increasing heat-exchange surface by the way that multiple heat exchange pipeline sections 32 are arranged
Product improves heat exchanger effectiveness.Multiple heat exchange pipeline sections 32 of same pipeline 3 can be parallel to each other, can also be arranged in a crossed manner.
The cross-sectional shape of heat exchange pipeline section 32 can be circle, polygon, irregular shape etc..The thickness of heat exchange pipeline section is not
More than 10mm, it is preferable that be no more than 3mm.Heat exchange pipeline section material can be metal material, alloy material, plastics etc. it is any
It is in solid hard material under room temperature, it is preferable that heat exchange pipeline section thermal conductivity with higher.
In some embodiments, the output pipeline section 33 of pipeline 3 is by the nonmetallic materials preparation of poor thermal conductivity or efferent duct
Thermal insulation material is set outside section 33, thus loss of refrigeration capacity when reducing fluid conveying.
In some embodiments, inlet valve (not shown) and outlet valve is respectively set (in figure not in the both ends of pipeline 3
Show), inlet valve setting is at input pipeline section 31, and at output pipeline section 33, inlet valve and outlet valve are used for for outlet valve setting
Control fluid directionally passes in and out fluid channel 30.
In some embodiments, the outer wall of heat exchange pipeline section 32 is contacted with refrigerating layer 1, and the thermal conductivity for the pipeline section 32 that exchanges heat is big
In the thermal conductivity of storage cold material, so that the cooling capacity of refrigerating layer 1 can be diffused rapidly to inside storage cooling layer 2 by the pipeline section 32 that exchanges heat,
Namely heat exchange pipeline section 32 has the function of the function of thermally conductive and cooling capacity circulation simultaneously.In some embodiments, exchange heat pipeline section 32
Top surface is in plane, and the top surface for the pipeline section 32 that exchanges heat and refrigerating layer 1 are face contact, for example, the cross section of heat exchange pipeline section 32 is in shown in Fig. 6
Shape, the top surface of heat exchange pipeline section 32 is in plane, and the part below top surface is in cambered surface, in another example, heat exchange pipeline section can be snakelike
Storage cooling layer 2 is managed and passed fully through on the depth direction of storage cooling layer 2, the cooling capacity of refrigerating layer 1 is allowed to pass through the pipeline section that exchanges heat
It spreads, and is equably stored in storage cooling layer 2 to the different depth of storage cooling layer.
In some embodiments, refrigerating layer 1 includes the reflecting layer 11 being stacked and emission layer 12, and the stacking of reflecting layer 11 is set
In in storage cooling layer 2.
There is biggish reflectivity in reflecting layer 11 to visible light and near infrared light, and it is higher to can be avoided heat in natural lighting
Wave band light-wave irradiation enter storage cooling layer 2.Reflecting layer 11 is greater than 60% to the reflectivity of visible light and near infrared light, preferably
Ground, reflectivity are greater than 80%, and more electedly, reflectivity is greater than 90%.Reflecting layer 11 can be metallic reflector or ceramic reflecting
Layer, can be single layer structure or multilayered structure.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that be, it is seen that light and near infrared light typically refer to 300nm~2500nm
The light of wave band.
Emission layer 12 includes polymer base material and the radiation refrigeration body being dispersed in polymer base material, radiation refrigeration physical efficiency
It is enough to go out its own heat with 7 μm to 14 μm of electromagnetic radiation.Radiation refrigeration body can be selected from one or more of: SiC,
SiO2、TiO2、BaSO4、CaCO3, the partial size of radiation refrigeration body is 1 μm to 30 μm, and more electedly, partial size is 5 μm to 15 μm.
The above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
The variation and replacement for any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art is done on the basis of the present invention belong to institute of the present invention
Claimed range.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of refrigerating plant characterized by comprising
Refrigerating layer, the refrigerating layer are 70%~100% in the emissivity of 7 μm~14 mu m wavebands；
Cooling layer is stored up, the storage cooling layer includes storing up cold material and the support construction for being limited to the storage cold material, institute
State storage cooling layer and the refrigerating layer between there are heat exchange contact faces；
Fluid channel, the fluid channel are formed in the storage cooling layer, the fluid channel have entrance and exit, for
The fluid that the storage cooling layer carries out heat exchange is suitable for entering the fluid channel by the entrance and be discharged from the outlet.
2. refrigerating plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the storage cold material is that solid-solid phase-change stores up cold material
Or solid-liquid phase change stores up cold material, the phase transition temperature of the storage cold material is lower than 60 DEG C.
3. refrigerating plant according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the phase transition temperature of the storage cold material is 10 DEG C~30
℃。
4. refrigerating plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the support construction of the storage cooling layer is shell, shown
Shell forms an accommodating chamber, and the storage cold material is filled in the accommodating chamber limited by the shell, and the refrigerating layer is covered on
At least partly outer surface of the shell, the fluid channel are located in the storage cold material, enter described in the fluid channel
Mouth and the outlet are formed on the shell；Alternatively, the shell forms an accommodating chamber with opening, the Chu Lengcai
Material is filled in the accommodating chamber, and the refrigerating layer is set to the opening of the accommodating chamber and by the closure of openings, the storage
Cold material and the refrigerating layer form face contact, and the entrance of the fluid channel and the outlet are formed in the shell
On.
5. refrigerating plant according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the housing parts contacted with the refrigerating layer by
Metal material preparation, the housing parts not covered by the refrigerating layer are prepared by thermal insulation material or not by the refrigeration
Insulating layer is set outside the shell of layer covering.
6. refrigerating plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the refrigerating layer include the reflecting layer that is stacked and
Emission layer, the reflective layer are stacked in the storage cooling layer, reflectivity of the reflecting layer to visible light and near infrared light
Greater than 60%, the emission layer includes polymer base material and the radiation refrigeration body being dispersed in polymer base material.
7. -6 any refrigerating plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the refrigerating plant further includes at least one pipe
Road, the pipeline include the input pipeline section being sequentially communicated, heat exchange pipeline section and output pipeline section, and it is cold that the heat exchange pipeline section is set to the storage
In layer, the fluid channel is formed in the heat exchange pipeline section.
8. refrigerating plant according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the thickness of the heat exchange pipeline section is no more than 10mm.
9. refrigerating plant according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the pipeline includes multiple heat exchange pipeline sections, respectively
The both ends of the heat exchange pipeline section are connected to the input pipeline section and the output pipeline section respectively.
10. refrigerating plant according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the pipeline is provided at the output pipeline section
Mouth valve, it is fixed for controlling fluid that inlet valve, the inlet valve and the outlet valve is arranged in the pipeline at the input channel
The fluid channel is passed in and out to ground.
11. refrigerating plant according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline section and the system
Cooling layer contact, the thermal conductivity of the heat exchange pipeline section are greater than the thermal conductivity of the storage cold material.
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| CN109664574A (en) * | 2019-01-19 | 2019-04-23 | 天津大学 | Passive type radiation-cooled structure and cooling means based on composite material |
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Application publication date: 20190920 |
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