ES2590456T3

ES2590456T3 - Device for lighting a pyrotechnic material

Info

Publication number: ES2590456T3
Application number: ES13001464.0T
Authority: ES
Inventors: Arno Hahma
Original assignee: Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2012-03-30
Filing date: 2013-03-21
Publication date: 2016-11-22
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-21
Also published as: EP2645049A3; DE102012006429B4; PL2645049T3; AU2013202099A1; EP2645049B1; EP2645049A2; ZA201302286B; DE102012006429A1; AU2013202099B2

Abstract

Dispositivo para encender una masa activa pirotécnica y para impedir un encendido prematuro de la masa activa pirotécnica, en el que el dispositivo presenta una masa de encendido (12) contenida en una carcasa (10), sobre un primer lado (13) de la carcasa (10) un primer orificio (14) en la carcasa (10) para el encendido de la masa de encendido (12) a través de una carga propulsora combustible (16), sobre un segundo lado (17) de la carcasa (10) un segundo orificio (18) en la carcasa (10) para el encendido de la masa activa a través de una combustión de la masa de encendido (12) y una corredera (20) guiada en la carcasa (10), en el que la corredera (20) puede adoptar una posición cerrada y una posición abierta, en el que el segundo orificio (18) está cerrado en la posición cerrada para la prevención del encendido prematuro de la masa activa pirotécnica a través de la corredera (20) y en la posición abierta está abierta para el encendido de la masa activa pirotécnica, en el que la corredera (20) está alojada en la carcasa (10) de tal forma que para adoptar la posición abierta debe abandonar la carcasa (10) al menos parcialmente sobre un tercer lado (24) de la carcasa (10) y de esta manera no puede adoptar la posición abierta por que se impide el abandono parcial de la carcasa (10) sobre el tercer lado (24) por una pared (25) de un casquillo de disparo (26) que se apoya en el tercer lado (24). en el que la masa de encendido (12) está contenida en un compartimiento (28) de la carcasa (10), en el que el primero (14) y el segundo orificio (18) desembocan, respectivamente, en el compartimiento (28), en el que la corredera (20) forma un cierre del tipo de pistón del compartimiento (28), que es accionado por medio de una sobrepresión que resulta durante la combustión de la masa de encendido (12) en el compartimiento (28) a la posición abierta.Device for lighting a pyrotechnic active mass and to prevent premature ignition of the pyrotechnic active mass, in which the device has an ignition mass (12) contained in a housing (10), on a first side (13) of the housing (10) a first hole (14) in the housing (10) for ignition of the ignition mass (12) through a fuel propellant charge (16), on a second side (17) of the housing (10) a second hole (18) in the housing (10) for the ignition of the active mass through a combustion of the ignition mass (12) and a slide (20) guided in the housing (10), in which the slide (20) can adopt a closed position and an open position, in which the second hole (18) is closed in the closed position for the prevention of premature ignition of the pyrotechnic active mass through the slide (20) and in the open position is open for the ignition of the active pyrotechnic mass, in the that the slide (20) is housed in the housing (10) in such a way that to adopt the open position you must leave the housing (10) at least partially on a third side (24) of the housing (10) and in this way it cannot take the open position because the partial abandonment of the housing (10) on the third side (24) by a wall (25) of a firing bush (26) that rests on the third side (24) is prevented . wherein the ignition mass (12) is contained in a compartment (28) of the housing (10), in which the first (14) and the second hole (18) flow into the compartment (28), respectively. , in which the slide (20) forms a closure of the piston type of the compartment (28), which is actuated by means of an overpressure resulting in the combustion of the ignition mass (12) in the compartment (28) a The open position.

Description

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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION

Dispositivo para encender un material pirotecnicoDevice for lighting a pyrotechnic material

La invencion se refiere a un dispositivo para el encendido de una masa activa pirotecnica y para la prevencion de un encendido prematuro de la masa activa pirotecnica asf como a la utilizacion de este dispositivo.The invention relates to a device for the ignition of a pyrotechnic active mass and for the prevention of premature ignition of the pyrotechnic active mass as well as to the use of this device.

Se conoce utilizar para el encendido de masas activas en una carga propulsora y una masa activa que comprende objetivos ficticios pirotecnicos las llamadas pastillas de encendido. Una pastilla de encendido esta incorporada normalmente en una carcasa con un seguro de corredera. La carcasa se dispone entre la carga propulsora y la masa activa. Despues del encendido de la carga propulsora, la carga propulsora encendida enciende la pastilla de encendido a traves de un orificio en la carcasa. Frente al primer orificio esta dispuesto un segundo orificio en la carcasa, que esta alineado con un orificio en el seguro de corredera. El seguro de corredera esta constituido normalmente por una corredera impulsada con una fuerza de resorte, que cierra el segundo orificio en la carcasa y de esta manera impide que una llama que pasa a traves del segundo orificio de la pastilla de encendido en combustion encienda precozmente la masa activa. La corredera libera el segundo orificio en la carcasa solamente cuando la carga propulsora en combustion ha expulsado la masa activa con la carcasa que sirve como nivel de propulsion fuera del casquillo del objetivo ficticio. De esta manera se impide que la masa activase encienda precozmente y reacciones, por ejemplo, todavfa en el accion que dispara el objetivo ficticio o en el tubo de disparo. Despues de la expulsion fuera del casquillo, la llama de la pastilla de encendido en combustion enciende la masa activa a traves del segundo orificio liberado por la corredera en la carcasa.It is known to use for the ignition of active masses in a propellant charge and an active mass comprising pyrotechnic dummy targets the so-called ignition pads. An ignition pad is normally incorporated in a housing with a sliding lock. The housing is arranged between the propellant load and the active mass. After ignition of the propellant charge, the propellant charge on ignites the ignition pad through a hole in the housing. In front of the first hole a second hole is arranged in the housing, which is aligned with a hole in the slide lock. The slide lock is normally constituted by a slide driven with a spring force, which closes the second hole in the housing and in this way prevents a flame passing through the second hole of the combustion ignition pad early lighting the active mass The slider releases the second hole in the housing only when the propellant charge in combustion has ejected the active mass with the housing serving as a propulsion level outside the shell of the dummy objective. This prevents the active mass from turning on early and reactions, for example, still in the action that triggers the dummy target or in the firing tube. After ejection out of the bushing, the flame of the combustion ignition pad ignites the active mass through the second hole released by the slide in the housing.

La corredera activada por resorte, por ejemplo del documento DE3421692 A tiene muchos inconvenientes. Requiere una estructura costosa con relativamente muchas piezas. Por ejemplo, son necesarios muelles y grnas para los muelles y la propia corredera debe estar guiada de tal manera que presente juego suficiente para poder ser acoplada por los muelles de una manera sencilla y, por lo tanto, rapida. Para mantener el retardo durante el encendido lo mas corto posible, se mantiene el recorrido a salvar por la corredera lo mas corto posible. Tfpicamente el recorrido es de 5 a 7 mm. Esto conduce a que el recorrido desde un canto de los segundos orificios hasta un canto de la superficie de la corredera, que cierra el segundo orificio, sea relativamente corto y la llama que parte desde la pastilla de encendido se puede soplar por delante de la corredera a traves del segundo orificio. De esta manera, no se garantiza la seguridad del tubo, es decir, que es posible un encendido prematuro de la masa activa, por ejemplo en el tubo de disparo. Este es especialmente el caso cuando la pastilla de encendido esta disenada para el encendido rapido de la masa activa, de tal manera que arde con llama relativamente caliente. Para la elevacion de la seguridad esta disenada de tal forma que la llama de encendido es mas fna, el encendido de la masa activa dura demasiado tiempo. El problema basico del mecanismo de corredera consiste en que la corredera no se puede obturar totalmente, por que debe presentar siempre un cierto juego para no fijarse durante el disparo. En este caso es posible, en principio, que la llama de encendido sople a traves de un intersticio presente y de esta manera se encienda la masa activa.The spring-activated slide, for example of document DE3421692 A has many drawbacks. It requires an expensive structure with relatively many pieces. For example, springs and cranes are necessary for the springs and the slide itself must be guided in such a way that it presents enough play to be able to be coupled by the springs in a simple and, therefore, fast manner. To keep the delay during ignition as short as possible, the path to be saved by the slide is kept as short as possible. Typically the travel is 5 to 7 mm. This leads to the path from a edge of the second holes to a edge of the surface of the slide, which closes the second hole, is relatively short and the flame that starts from the ignition pad can be blown in front of the slide through the second hole. In this way, the safety of the tube is not guaranteed, that is, premature ignition of the active mass is possible, for example in the firing tube. This is especially the case when the ignition pad is designed for rapid ignition of the active mass, so that it burns with a relatively hot flame. For the elevation of the security it is designed in such a way that the ignition flame is thinner, the ignition of the active mass lasts too long. The basic problem of the sliding mechanism is that the slide cannot be completely sealed, because it must always present a certain play so as not to be fixed during shooting. In this case it is possible, in principle, for the ignition flame to blow through a present gap and thus activate the active mass.

El cometido de la presente invencion es indicar un dispositivo para el encendido de una masa activa pirotecnica y para prevenir un encendido prematuro de la masa activa pirotecnica, que presenta una alta seguridad antes del encendido prematuro de la masa activa y al mismo tiempo una retardo reducido del encendido. Ademas, debe indicarse una utilizacion de este dispositivo.The purpose of the present invention is to indicate a device for the ignition of a pyrotechnic active mass and to prevent premature ignition of the pyrotechnic active mass, which has high safety before the premature ignition of the active mass and at the same time a reduced delay of the ignition. In addition, a use of this device should be indicated.

El cometido se soluciona a traves de las caractensticas de las reivindicaciones 1 y 11. Las configuraciones ventajosas de la invencion se deducen a partir de las caractensticas de las reivindicaciones 2 a 10 y 12.The task is solved through the features of claims 1 and 11. The advantageous configurations of the invention are deduced from the features of claims 2 to 10 and 12.

De acuerdo con la invencion, esta previsto un dispositivo para encender una masa activa pirotecnica y para impedir un encendido prematuro de la masa activa pirotecnica, en el que el dispositivo presenta una masa de encendido contenida en una carcasa, sobre un primer lado de la carcasa un primer orificio en la carcasa para el encendido de la masa de encendido a traves de una carga propulsora combustible, sobre un segundo lado de la carcasa un segundo orificio en la carcasa para el encendido de la masa activa a traves de una combustion de la masa de encendido y una corredera guiada en la carcasa. La corredera puede adoptar una posicion cerrada y una posicion abierta, en el que el segundo orificio esta cerrado en la posicion cerrada para la prevencion del encendido prematuro de la masa activa pirotecnica a traves de la corredera y en la posicion abierta esta abierta para el encendido de la masa activa pirotecnica. La corredera esta alojada en la carcasa de tal forma que para adoptar la posicion abierta debe abandonar la carcasa al menos parcialmente sobre un tercer lado de la carcasa y de esta manera no puede adoptar la posicion abierta por que se impide el abandono parcial de la carcasa sobre el tercer lado por una pared de un casquillo de disparo o bien del tubo que se apoya en el tercer lado. En el dispositivo segun la invencion, la masa de encendido esta contenida en un compartimiento de la carcasa, en el que el primero y el segundo orificio desembocan, respectivamente, en el compartimiento, en el que la corredera forma un cierre del tipo de piston del compartimiento, que es accionado por medio de una sobrepresion que resulta durante la combustion de la masa de encendido en el compartimiento a la posicion abierta.According to the invention, a device is provided for lighting a pyrotechnic active mass and for preventing premature ignition of the pyrotechnic active mass, in which the device has an ignition mass contained in a housing, on a first side of the housing. a first hole in the housing for the ignition of the ignition mass through a fuel propellant charge, on a second side of the housing a second hole in the housing for the ignition of the active mass through a combustion of the mass ignition and a guided slide in the housing. The slide can adopt a closed position and an open position, in which the second hole is closed in the closed position for the prevention of premature ignition of the pyrotechnic active mass through the slide and in the open position it is open for ignition. of the active pyrotechnic mass. The slide is housed in the housing in such a way that to adopt the open position you must leave the housing at least partially on a third side of the housing and in this way you cannot adopt the open position because partial abandonment of the housing is prevented on the third side by a wall of a firing bushing or the tube that rests on the third side. In the device according to the invention, the ignition mass is contained in a compartment of the housing, in which the first and the second orifice, respectively, flow into the compartment, in which the slide forms a closure of the piston type of the compartment, which is actuated by means of an overpressure resulting in the combustion of the ignition mass in the compartment to the open position.

En el dispositivo segun la invencion, la presion del gas que se forma durante la combustion de la masa de encendidoIn the device according to the invention, the pressure of the gas that is formed during the combustion of the ignition mass

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y, dado el caso, tambien la presion del gas que se forma a traves de la combustion de la carga propulsora del cartucho de impulsos sirve para el accionamiento de la corredera. El cierre es en este caso en el sentido de un piston por que la corredera como el piston de un motor de combustion se mueve durante un ciclo de trabajo, cuando se acciona a la posicion abierta. No es necesario un muelle para el accionamiento de la corredera. De esta manera, se puede formar el dispositivo segun la invencion con pocas piezas y, por lo tanto, mas economicamente que el dispositivo conocido con una corredera activada a traves de fuerza de resorte.and, if necessary, also the pressure of the gas that is formed through the combustion of the propellant charge of the pulse cartridge serves to drive the slide. The closure is in this case in the sense of a piston because the slide like the piston of a combustion engine moves during a duty cycle, when it is operated in the open position. A spring is not necessary to drive the slide. In this way, the device can be formed according to the invention with few parts and, therefore, more economically than the known device with a slide activated through spring force.

Puesto que la fuerza que actua a traves de presion de gas sobre la corredera puede ser claramente mas elevada que la fuerza ejercida por un muelle, la corredera se puede obturar con juego reducido claramente mejor frente a la masa activa, de manera que casi se puede excluir un soplado de la llama que se forma durante la combustion de la masa de encendido. A traves de la fuerza alta que resulta por medio de la sobrepresion se puede obturar la corredera tambien totalmente para impedir un soplado de la llama con seguridad, pero sin impedir una expulsion de la corredera. A traves de la fuerza mayor que actua sobre la corredera, la corredera reacciona, en el dispositivo segun la invencion, tambien claramente mas rapida que una corredera convencional activada por fuerza de resorte, de manera que con ello el retraso del encendido es claramente menor que en la corredera convencional. Puesto que no debe preverse ningun espacio para un muelle, el trayecto recorrido por la corredera para la liberacion del segundo orificio a traves de la adopcion de la posicion abierta puede ser tambien claramente mas largo que den correderas convencionales. Tambien de esta manera se reduce la probabilidad del soplado de una llama de encendido. El dispositivo segun la invencion es esencialmente mas seguro que los dispositivos convencionales, es decir, que casi se excluye un encendido imprevisto de la masa activa en el caso de un proyectil con casquillo de proyectil provisto con el dispositivo segun la invencion.Since the force acting through gas pressure on the slide can be clearly higher than the force exerted by a spring, the slide can be sealed with clearly reduced clearance against the active mass, so that it can almost exclude a blow of the flame that forms during the combustion of the ignition mass. Through the high force that results from overpressure, the slide can also be completely sealed to prevent the flame from blowing safely, but without preventing expulsion of the slide. Through the force majeure acting on the slider, the slider reacts, in the device according to the invention, also clearly faster than a conventional slider activated by spring force, so that the ignition delay is clearly less than in the conventional slide. Since no space must be provided for a spring, the path traveled by the slide for the release of the second hole through the adoption of the open position may also be clearly longer than conventional slides. Also in this way the probability of blowing an ignition flame is reduced. The device according to the invention is essentially safer than conventional devices, that is to say, an unexpected ignition of the active mass is almost excluded in the case of a projectile with a projectile bushing provided with the device according to the invention.

La funcion del dispositivo segun la invencion es la siguiente:The function of the device according to the invention is as follows:

El dispositivo se dispone en un casquillo de proyectil en la direccion de vuelo del proyectil delante de la carga propulsora y detras de la masa activa. Despues del encendido de la carga propulsora, esta enciende a traves del primer orificio la masa de encendido (pastilla de encendido) y acciona al mismo tiempo la carcasa desde el casquillo. No obstante, mientras la carcasa se mueve todavfa dentro del casquillo, la corredera no puede abandonar parcialmente la carcasa y de esta manera no puede adoptar la posicion abierta. La masa de encendido combustible y la carga propulsora combustible desarrollan ahora en el compartimiento una presion alta. Tan pronto como la carcasa sale desde el casquillo de proyectil, la corredera no es impedida ya a traves de la pared del casquillo de proyectil a adoptar la posicion abierta. Bajo la presion alta se catapulta a la posicion abierta. La llama que parte desde la masa de encendido combustible se puede encender ahora a traves del segundo orificio la masa activa pirotecnica.The device is arranged in a projectile bushing in the direction of flight of the projectile in front of the propellant charge and behind the active mass. After ignition of the propellant charge, it ignites through the first hole the ignition mass (ignition pad) and simultaneously operates the housing from the bushing. However, while the carcass is still moving inside the bushing, the slide cannot partially leave the carcass and thus cannot adopt the open position. The fuel ignition mass and the fuel propellant charge now develop a high pressure in the compartment. As soon as the housing leaves from the projectile bushing, the slide is no longer prevented through the wall of the projectile bushing to adopt the open position. Under high pressure it catapults into the open position. The flame that starts from the mass of ignition fuel can now be ignited through the second hole the active mass pyrotechnics.

En una configuracion de la masa activa segun la invencion, esta presenta un tope que impide que la corredera despues de alcanzar la posicion abierta realice otro movimiento, a traves del cual abandona el compartimiento. De esta manera se evita que a traves de la salida de la corredera fuera del compartimiento aparezca un orificio de descarga, desde el que pueden salir los gases calientes formados durante la combustion de la masa de encendido y la llama de encendido. De esta manera se consigue una presion elevada en el compartimiento, de modo que los gases circulan con presion elevada a traves del segundo orificio. Esto eleva la seguridad del encendido de la masa activa y reduce el retraso de encendido. El tope se puede preparar, por ejemplo, a traves de un pasador de seguridad o un saliente de reten.In a configuration of the active mass according to the invention, it has a stop that prevents the slide after reaching the open position to make another movement, through which it leaves the compartment. This avoids that a discharge orifice appears through the outlet of the slide outside the compartment, from which hot gases formed during combustion of the ignition mass and the ignition flame can escape. In this way an elevated pressure is achieved in the compartment, so that the gases circulate with elevated pressure through the second orifice. This increases the safety of the active mass ignition and reduces the ignition delay. The stop can be prepared, for example, through a safety pin or a retaining projection.

El dispositivo segun la invencion es especialmente eficiente cuando la corredera esta configurada de tal forma que durante su movimiento para adoptar la posicion abierta, cierra el primer orificio. Esto provoca que despues del encendido de la masa de encendido en el compartimiento se forma una presion muy alta, por que el gas formado no se puede escapar ya a traves del primer orificio sino solo todavfa a traves del segundo orificio cuando se adopta la posicion abierta. De este modo se expulsa una llama de encendido que se forma con alta energfa en la direccion de la masa activa. La seguridad de encendido se eleva de esta manera fuertemente y el retraso de encendido se reduce fuertemente. De este modo se puede conseguir un encendido fiable con una cantidad mas reducida de masa de encendido que la habitual hasta ahora.The device according to the invention is especially efficient when the slide is configured in such a way that during its movement to adopt the open position, it closes the first hole. This causes that after the ignition mass is switched on in the compartment, a very high pressure is formed, because the gas formed can no longer escape through the first hole but only through the second hole when the open position is adopted . In this way an ignition flame is expelled that forms with high energy in the direction of the active mass. The ignition safety is thus raised strongly and the ignition delay is strongly reduced. In this way, reliable ignition can be achieved with a smaller amount of ignition mass than usual until now.

En una configuracion del dispositivo segun la invencion, la corredera esta configurada de tal forma que durante su movimiento para adoptar la posicion abierta, el primer orificio se cierra antes o incluso claramente ates que una apertura del segundo orificio. De esta manera se consigue que la masa de encendido arda durante corto espacio de tiempo en un espacio cerrado y genere una presion del gas claramente mas elevada, que catapulta la corredera todavfa mas rapidamente a la posicion abierta. Cuando se alcanza la posicion abierta, se descarga de repente la presion formada a traves del segundo orificio en la direccion de la masa activa. De este modo se consigue un encendido todavfa mas fiable con un retraso del encendido todavfa reducido.In a configuration of the device according to the invention, the slide is configured such that during its movement to adopt the open position, the first hole is closed before or even clearly before an opening of the second hole. In this way it is possible that the ignition mass burns for a short time in a closed space and generates a clearly higher gas pressure, which catapults the slider even faster to the open position. When the open position is reached, the pressure formed through the second hole in the direction of the active mass is suddenly discharged. In this way, a more reliable ignition is achieved with a still delayed ignition.

Ademas, a traves del cierre del primer orificio se evita que la llama de encendido salga desde el primer orificio. Esto se realiza especialmente en proyectiles que se mueven a alta velocidad, porque en la direccion de vuelo aparece detras del elemento de seguridad una presion negativa, que conduce a la llama a traves del primer orificio fuera de la carcasa hacia atras. De este modo se debilita la llama que pasa en el lado de la masa activa a traves del segundoIn addition, through the closure of the first hole, the ignition flame is prevented from leaving the first hole. This is especially done in projectiles that move at high speed, because in the flight direction a negative pressure appears behind the safety element, which leads to the flame through the first hole outside the housing backwards. This weakens the flame that passes on the side of the active mass through the second

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orificio y se produce un retraso del encendido. El problema se agrava todav^a en gran medida a traves de la presion atmosferica decreciente. En el caso de objetivos ficticios disparados a alturas habituales de vuelo de mas de 10 km, este efecto es, por lo tanto, extraordinariamente relevante. Incluso puede conducir a un impedimento del encendido de la masa activa.hole and ignition delay occurs. The problem is still aggravated to a great extent through decreasing atmospheric pressure. In the case of fictitious targets fired at usual flight heights of more than 10 km, this effect is therefore extraordinarily relevant. It can even lead to an impediment to the ignition of the active mass.

Otra ventana implicada especialmente en objetivos ficticios con el cierre del primer orificio consiste en que a traves del cierre del primer orificio no pasa ninguna radiacion desde la llama que aparece durante la combustion de la masa de encendido hacia fuera. Esto es especialmente importante en objetivos ficticios espectrales, por que las masas de encendido habituales son durante la combustion radiadores fuertes de cuerpos negros y el espectro de la masa de encendido combustible se desvfa claramente del espectro de la masa activa del objetivo ficticio. A traves de la radiacion que parte desde la masa de encendido combustible se puede revelar a sistemas de deteccion que aqu se trata solo de un objetivo ficticio y no de un avion. La prevencion de la salida hacia fuera de una radiacion detectable que resulta a partir de la combustion de la masa de encendido es una ventaja esencial del dispositivo segun la invencion y no se garantiza por dispositivos de encendido conocidos hasta ahora.Another window especially involved in fictional objectives with the closing of the first hole is that through the closing of the first hole no radiation passes from the flame that appears during the combustion of the ignition mass outwards. This is especially important in fictitious spectral targets, because the usual ignition masses are during combustion strong black body radiators and the spectrum of the fuel ignition mass clearly deviates from the spectrum of the active mass of the dummy target. Through the radiation that starts from the mass of ignition fuel can be revealed to detection systems that here it is only a fictional objective and not an airplane. The prevention of outflow of a detectable radiation resulting from the combustion of the ignition mass is an essential advantage of the device according to the invention and is not guaranteed by ignition devices known until now.

La corredera puede presentar una escotadura abierta hacia el compartimiento, especialmente del tipo de copa, en la que esta contenida la masa de encendido, de modo que la escotadura presenta una primera y una segunda abertura, en la que la primera abertura en la posicion cerrada esta alineada con el primer orificio y la segunda abertura en la posicion abierta esta alienada con el segundo orificio. A traves de la escotadura en la corredera se puede conseguir que la fuerza que actua sobre la corredera durante la combustion de la masa de encendido actue casi exclusivamente en la direccion de su movimiento para adoptar la posicion abierta. De esta manera se puede conseguir otra reduccion del retraso de encendido. La masa de encendido puede estar presente en forma de una pastilla de encendido, es decir, como pieza bruta prensada formada a partir de la masa de encendido. La masa de encendido puede estar constituida por un conjunto de encendido pirotecnico discrecional, por ejemplo de nitrato boro-potasico, magnesio-peroxido de bario o circonio-boro-peroxido de bario.The slide can have an open recess towards the compartment, especially of the cup type, in which the ignition mass is contained, so that the recess has a first and a second opening, in which the first opening in the closed position It is aligned with the first hole and the second opening in the open position is aligned with the second hole. Through the recess in the slide it is possible to achieve that the force acting on the slide during the combustion of the ignition mass acts almost exclusively in the direction of its movement to adopt the open position. In this way another reduction of the ignition delay can be achieved. The ignition mass may be present in the form of an ignition tablet, that is, as a pressed blank formed from the ignition mass. The ignition mass may consist of a discretionary pyrotechnic ignition assembly, for example of boron-potassium nitrate, magnesium-barium peroxide or zirconium-boron-barium peroxide.

Un medio de sujecion introducido en la carcasa, especialmente un liston de sujecion, entre la carcasa y la corredera o una grna para la corredera en la carcasa o la propia corredera, puede estar configurado de tal forma que cuando se inserta la corredera en la posicion cerrada, el medio de sujecion o un componente de la carcasa o de la corredera se deforma de tal modo que la corredera es fijada de esta manera en la posicion cerrada de tal forma que se puede liberar a traves de la soprepresion desde esta posicion cerrada. En el componente de la carcasa o bien de la corredera se puede tratar de un pliegue o un fuelle, De este modo se evita que la corredera tenga juego en una direccion del movimiento. De este modo la corredera no puede vibrar libremente a traves de vibraciones y de este modo danar, por ejemplo, la masa de encendido.A fastening means inserted in the housing, especially a fastening strip, between the housing and the slide or a slide for the slide in the housing or the slide itself, can be configured such that when the slide is inserted into the position closed, the clamping means or a component of the housing or the slide is deformed in such a way that the slide is thus fixed in the closed position so that it can be released through the surprise from this closed position. In the housing component or the slide, it can be a fold or a bellows. This prevents the slide from having play in one direction of movement. In this way the slider cannot vibrate freely through vibrations and thus damage, for example, the ignition mass.

En una configuracion del dispositivo segun la invencion, no esta presente ningun muelle para mover la corredera a traves de fuerza de resorte.In a configuration of the device according to the invention, no spring is present to move the slide through spring force.

En otra configuracion del dispositivo segun la invencion, este esta configurado como nivel de propulsion. Esto se puede garantizar, por ejemplo, a traves de la presencia de un labio de estanqueidad formado por la carcasa o un lado de estanqueidad separado o de un anillo de estanqueidad. El labio de estanqueidad o el anillo de estanqueidad impide que los gases formados durante la combustion de la carga propulsora circulen entre la pared del casquillo del proyectil y la carcasa y de esta manera no contribuyen a expulsar el dispositivo con la masa activa dispuesta delante del mismo fuera del casquillo del proyectil. El labio de estanqueidad o el anillo de estanqueidad puede estar constituido, por ejemplo, de polietileno o poliamida o de otro material adecuado.In another configuration of the device according to the invention, it is configured as a propulsion level. This can be guaranteed, for example, through the presence of a sealing lip formed by the housing or a separate sealing side or a sealing ring. The sealing lip or the sealing ring prevents the gases formed during combustion of the propellant charge from circulating between the wall of the shell of the projectile and the housing and thus do not contribute to ejecting the device with the active mass arranged in front of it outside the shell of the projectile. The sealing lip or the sealing ring may be constituted, for example, of polyethylene or polyamide or other suitable material.

Para la elevacion de la seguridad del dispositivo frente a las fuerzas que aparecen durante su utilizacion, la carcasa y/o la corredera pueden estar constituidas de un plastico reforzado con fibras, en particular fibras de vidrio o fibras de carbono, especialmente policarbonato o poliamida. El contenido de fibras es en una configuracion aproximadamente 30 %,In order to increase the safety of the device against the forces that appear during its use, the housing and / or the slide can be made of a plastic reinforced with fibers, in particular glass fibers or carbon fibers, especially polycarbonate or polyamide. The fiber content is in an approximately 30% configuration,

Ademas, segun la invencion, la utilizacion de un dispositivo segun la invencion esta previsto para el encendido de una masa activa pirotecnica. El dispositivo puede estar dispuesto a tal fin en un casquillo de proyectil y puede servir para el encendido de la masa activa durante o despues de abandonar el casquillo de proyectil. En la masa activa se puede tratar de una masa activa de objetivo ficticio.In addition, according to the invention, the use of a device according to the invention is provided for the ignition of an active pyrotechnic mass. The device can be arranged for this purpose in a projectile bushing and can be used to ignite the active mass during or after leaving the projectile bushing. In the active mass it can be an active dummy objective mass.

A continuacion se explica en detalle la invencion con la ayuda de un ejemplo de realizacion y de las figuras. En este caso:Next, the invention will be explained in detail with the help of an embodiment and the figures. In this case:

Las figuras 1 a 3 muestran un dispositivo para el encendido de una masa activa pirotecnica y para la prevencion de un encendido prematuro de la masa activa pirotecnica segun el estado de la tecnica.Figures 1 to 3 show a device for the ignition of a pyrotechnic active mass and for the prevention of a premature ignition of the pyrotechnic active mass according to the state of the art.

La figura 4 muestra una representacion esquematica de la seccion transversal del dispositivo segun la invencion con una corredera en posicion cerrada.Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of the cross section of the device according to the invention with a slide in closed position.

La figura 5 muestra una representacion esquematica en perspectiva del dispositivo segun la invencion con laFigure 5 shows a schematic perspective representation of the device according to the invention with the

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corredera en posicion cerrada.Sliding in closed position.

La figura 6 muestra una representacion esquematica en perspectiva de la seccion transversal del dispositivo segun la invencion con la corredera en posicion abierta.Figure 6 shows a schematic perspective representation of the cross section of the device according to the invention with the slide in the open position.

La figura 7 muestra una representacion esquematica en perspectiva del dispositivo segun la invencion en una seccion transversal a lo largo de la lmea A-A' en la figura 6.Figure 7 shows a schematic perspective representation of the device according to the invention in a cross section along the line A-A 'in Figure 6.

La figura 8 muestra una representacion esquematica de la seccion transversal del dispositivo segun la invencion con la corredera en posicion cerrada en un casquillo con la carga propulsora antes del encendido de la carga propulsora.Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of the cross-section of the device according to the invention with the slider in a closed position in a bushing with the propellant load before the propellant load is switched on.

La figura 9 muestra una representacion esquematica en perspectiva de la seccion transversal del dispositivo segun la invencion y durante la salida del dispositivo desde el casquillo con la corredera en posicion abierta, yFigure 9 shows a schematic perspective representation of the cross-section of the device according to the invention and during the exit of the device from the bushing with the slide in the open position, and

La figura 10 muestra una representacion esquematica de la seccion transversal de las piezas individuales del dispositivo segun la invencion.Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of the cross section of the individual parts of the device according to the invention.

La representacion esquematica en perspectiva representada en la figura 1 del dispositivo de encendido segun el estado de la tecnica muestra una carcasa 10 con una corredera 20 activada a traves de muelles 22 en posicion cerrada. La corredera 20 presenta una abertura 6 para el encendido de una masa activa y otra abertura 5 para el paso de un tope 30 en forma de un pasador de seguridad. La figura 2 muestra una seccion transversal a traves del dispositivo segun la figura 1 a lo largo de la lmea A-A' y la figura 3 muestra una seccion transversal a traves del dispositivo segun la figura 1 a lo largo de la lmea B-B'. Las secciones transversales muestran en el centro un alojamiento 8 para una masa de encendido 12 en forma de una pastilla de encendido. El alojamiento 8 presenta un orificio 9, que esta cerrado por la corredera 20. En las figuras 1 a 3, la corredera 20 esta cerrada, pero se puede abrir a traves de la fuerza de los muelles 22. Mientras la carcasa 10 se encaja todavfa en un casquillo de proyectil no representado aqrn, la corredera 20 no puede abandonar la carcasa 10. Si se abre la corredera 20 a traves de la fuerza de los muelles 22 despues de abandonar el casquillo de proyectil, se coloca la abertura 6 para el encendido en coincidencia con la abertura 9, de manera que la llama que sale desde la masa de encendido combustible 12 puede pasar a traves del orificio 9 y la abertura 6 para el encendido y se puede encender una masa activa dispuesta encima, no representada aqrn.The schematic perspective representation represented in figure 1 of the ignition device according to the state of the art shows a housing 10 with a slide 20 activated through springs 22 in closed position. The slide 20 has an opening 6 for the ignition of an active mass and another opening 5 for the passage of a stop 30 in the form of a safety pin. Figure 2 shows a cross-section through the device according to Figure 1 along the line A-A 'and Figure 3 shows a cross-section through the device according to Figure 1 along the line B-B'. The cross sections show in the center a housing 8 for an ignition mass 12 in the form of an ignition pad. The housing 8 has a hole 9, which is closed by the slide 20. In Figures 1 to 3, the slide 20 is closed, but can be opened through the force of the springs 22. While the housing 10 is still fitted in a projectile bushing not shown here, the slide 20 cannot leave the housing 10. If the slide 20 is opened through the force of the springs 22 after leaving the projectile bushing, the opening 6 is placed for ignition coinciding with the opening 9, so that the flame coming out from the fuel ignition mass 12 can pass through the hole 9 and the opening 6 for ignition and an active mass disposed thereon, not shown here, can be ignited.

La figura 4 muestra un dispositivo segun la invencion en la seccion transversal. En la carcasa 10 esta previsto un compartimiento 28, que se cierra por la corredera 20. En una escotadura 32 de la corredera 20 abierta hacia el compartimiento 28 esta dispuesta la masa de encendido 12. La masa de encendido 12 esta contenida de esta manera tambien en el compartimiento 28. La corredera 20 presenta una primera abertura 34, que esta alineada con un primer orificio 14 en la carcasa 10 en la posicion cerrada representada aqrn de la corredera 20. El segundo orificio 18 esta cerrado por la corredera 20. La corredera presenta, ademas, una segunda abertura 36. El tope 30 se forma por un pasador de seguridad. Ademas, un anillo de estanqueidad 38 esta previsto con un labio de estanqueidad 11 y con un tercer orificio 19 que esta alineado con el primer orificio 14. El anillo de estanqueidad 38 sirve de esta manera como nivel de propulsion. El dispositivo presenta un primer lado 13, un segundo lado 17 y un tercer lado 24, que puede estar rodeado por la pared 25 de un casquillo de proyectil 26.Figure 4 shows a device according to the invention in the cross section. In the housing 10 a compartment 28 is provided, which is closed by the slide 20. In a recess 32 of the slide 20 open towards the compartment 28 the ignition mass 12 is arranged. The ignition mass 12 is also contained in this way. in the compartment 28. The slide 20 has a first opening 34, which is aligned with a first hole 14 in the housing 10 in the closed position shown here of the slide 20. The second hole 18 is closed by the slide 20. The slide it also has a second opening 36. The stop 30 is formed by a safety pin. In addition, a sealing ring 38 is provided with a sealing lip 11 and with a third hole 19 that is aligned with the first hole 14. The sealing ring 38 thus serves as a propulsion level. The device has a first side 13, a second side 17 and a third side 24, which may be surrounded by the wall 25 of a projectile bushing 26.

La figura 5 muestra el dispositivo en una representacion en perspectiva desde fuera. Se puede ver aqrn la carcasa 10 con la corredera 20 insertada y el anillo de estanqueidad 38 con el tercer orificio 19 y el labio de estanqueidad 11.Figure 5 shows the device in a perspective representation from outside. The housing 10 can be seen here with the slide 20 inserted and the sealing ring 38 with the third hole 19 and the sealing lip 11.

La figura 6 muestra el dispositivo segun la invencion con una corredera 20 en posicion abierta en la seccion transversal y la figura 7 muestra la misma situacion en una seccion transversal a lo largo de la lmea A-A' representada en la figura 6. La masa de encendido 12 puede estar constituida por un conjunto de encendido pirotecnico discrecional conocido, por ejemplo de nitrato boro-potasico, magnesio-peroxido de bario o circonio-boro- peroxido de bario. La masa de encendido 12 puede estar en forma de una tablera prensada, que penetra solamente en la corredera 20 o tambien se encola en la corredera 20. La tableta se puede desprender durante la combustion. Esto puede favorecer favorablemente la funcion, puesto que de esta manera se pueden centrifugar chispas a traves del segundo orificio 18 en la direccion de la masa activa. Las chispas pueden provocar un encendido mas efectivo de la masa activa. De acuerdo con una forma de realizacion ventajosa de la invencion, esta prevista una instalacion de frenado, a traves de la cual se frena cuidadosamente la corredera 20 antes de alcanzar la posicion abierta para aliviar un impacto contra la carcasa. De esta manera se puede impedir que un golpe, que puede ser provocado por una corredera 20 que se mueve a alta velocidad, dane la carcasa 10 o la corredera 20. Un frenado cuidadoso de este tipo se puede realizar a traves de un recorrido de frenado dilatado largo - frente a la ausencia de recorrido de frenado de un golpe duro no frenado -. Con preferencia, con esta finalidad, el taladro alargado de la otra abertura 5 se estrecha en aquella seccion extrema del taladro alargado, que recibe el tope 30 en la posicion abierta de la corredera 20. Puesto que el tope 30 penetra durante la transicion a la posicion abierta en el orificio en forma de cuna de la seccion extrema del taladro alargado, el frenado de la corredera 20 no se realiza ya de forma tan brusca. La suavidad del frenado se puede ampliar todavfa por que el material del tope 30 y/o de las paredes del orificio en forma de cuna de la seccion extrema del taladro alargado se puede deformar facilmente. Otra posibilidad para la realizacion de un recorrido de frenado dilatado alargado representa la prevision de una masa de aplastamientoFigure 6 shows the device according to the invention with a slide 20 in an open position in the cross-section and Figure 7 shows the same situation in a cross-section along the line AA 'shown in Figure 6. The ignition mass 12 may consist of a known discretionary pyrotechnic ignition assembly, for example of boron-potassium nitrate, magnesium-barium peroxide or zirconium-boron-barium peroxide. The ignition dough 12 may be in the form of a pressed board, which penetrates only the slide 20 or is also glued on the slide 20. The tablet can be detached during combustion. This can favorably favor the function, since in this way sparks can be centrifuged through the second hole 18 in the direction of the active mass. Sparks can cause a more effective ignition of the active mass. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a braking installation is provided, through which the slide 20 is carefully braked before reaching the open position to relieve an impact against the housing. In this way, it is possible to prevent a stroke, which can be caused by a slide 20 moving at high speed, from damaging the housing 10 or the slide 20. Careful braking of this type can be carried out through a braking path. long dilated - in the absence of the braking path of a hard, unbraked stroke -. Preferably, for this purpose, the elongated bore of the other opening 5 narrows at that end section of the elongated bore, which receives the stop 30 in the open position of the slide 20. Since the stop 30 penetrates during the transition to the open position in the cradle hole of the end section of the elongated hole, the braking of the slide 20 is no longer performed so abruptly. The smoothness of the braking can still be extended because the material of the stop 30 and / or of the cradle-shaped hole walls of the end section of the elongated bore can be easily deformed. Another possibility for the realization of an elongated dilated braking path represents the provision of a crushing mass.

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facilmente deformable en aquella seccion extrema del taladro alargado, que recibe el tope 30 en la posicion abierta de la corredera 20. Durante la transicion a la posicion abierta se comprime la masa de aplastamiento a traves del tope 30 y en este caso se frena la corredera 20 suavemente.easily deformable in that extreme section of the elongated hole, which receives the stop 30 in the open position of the slide 20. During the transition to the open position the crushing mass is compressed through the stop 30 and in this case the slide is braked 20 gently.

El dispositivo se puede insertar con la corredera 20 en posicion cerrada en un casquillo de proyectil 26, de manera que el anillo de estanqueidad 38 esta dispuesto sobre lados de la carga propulsora 16. Esto se representa en la figura 8. En esta disposicion, la pared 25 del casquillo de proyectil 26 impide que la corredera 20 abandone parcialmente la carcasa 10, incluso cuando la masa de encendido 12 ha sido encendida.The device can be inserted with the slide 20 in the closed position in a projectile bushing 26, so that the sealing ring 38 is arranged on sides of the propellant charge 16. This is shown in Figure 8. In this arrangement, the wall 25 of the projectile bushing 26 prevents the slide 20 from partially leaving the housing 10, even when the ignition mass 12 has been turned on.

La figura 9 muestra la situacion despues del encendido de la carga propulsora 16 en el momento, en el que el dispositivo es expulsado desde al casquillo de proyectil 26. A traves del abandono del casquillo de proyectil 26 se libera la corredera 20. La combustion de la masa de encendido 12 combustible a traves de la carga propulsora combustible 16 a traves del primero 14 y del tercer orificio 19 provoca a traves del desarrollo de gas un aumento fuerte de la presion en el compartimiento 28, que impulsa la corredera 20 hasta el tope 30 a la posicion abierta. En esta posicion abierta, la masa de encendido combustible 12 puede soplar una llama de encendido a traves del segundo orificio 18 hacia la masa activa no representada aqu y de esta manera puede encender la masa activa.Figure 9 shows the situation after ignition of the propellant charge 16 at the time, in which the device is ejected from the projectile bushing 26. Through the abandonment of the projectile bushing 26 the slider 20 is released. The combustion of the ignition mass 12 fuel through the fuel propellant charge 16 through the first 14 and the third hole 19 causes a strong increase in the pressure in the compartment 28, which drives the slide 20 to the top through the development of gas 30 to the open position. In this open position, the fuel ignition mass 12 can blow an ignition flame through the second hole 18 towards the active mass not shown here and in this way can activate the active mass.

La figura 10 muestra el soplante 10, la corredera 20 a insertar con la masa de encendido 12 y el tope 30 a insertar despues de la insercion de la corredera 20 en forma de un pasador de seguridad asf como el anillo de estanqueidad 38 como piezas individuales.Figure 10 shows the blower 10, the slide 20 to be inserted with the ignition mass 12 and the stop 30 to be inserted after the insertion of the slide 20 in the form of a safety pin as well as the sealing ring 38 as individual parts .

Lista de signos de referenciaList of reference signs

5 Otra abertura5 Another opening

6 Abertura para el encendido6 Opening for ignition

8 Alojamiento8 Accommodation

9 Orificio9 hole

10 Carcasa10 Housing

11 Labio de estanqueidad11 Sealing lip

12 Masa de encendido12 Ignition ground

13 Primer lado13 First side

14 Primer orificio14 First hole

16 Carga propulsora16 Propeller load

17 Segundolado17 Second

18 Segundo orificio18 Second hole

20 Corredera20 Sliding

22 Muelle22 Dock

24 Tercer lado24 Third side

25 Pared25 Wall

26 Casquillo de disparo26 Shooting bush

28 Compartimiento28 Compartment

30 Tope30 stop

32 Escotadura32 Notch

34 Primera abertura34 First opening

36 Segunda abertura36 Second opening

38 Anillo de estanqueidad38 Sealing ring

Claims

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DESCRIPTION

Wind turbine as well as procedure for its construction

The present invention relates to a wind turbine with a tubular tower, the tubular tower being arranged above a foundation body preferably located on the ground, the foundation body being formed from a foundation mass, especially concrete and presenting the tubular tower by its lower part a base flange of the tower joined by means of a joint opened to the foundation body. The invention also relates to a process for the construction of a wind turbine tower as well as the use of an injection hose for the construction of a wind turbine tower.

Under the names 5M, MM92, MM82, MM70 as well as MD77, wind turbines of the patent applicant are known.

To build a wind turbine tower, the method of erecting the wind turbine tower on a concrete foundation is known, providing the foundation for joining elements to place and fix the base flange of the tower. The foundation of the tower depends especially on the size of the installation and the existing ground conditions. The wind turbine towers are fixed as a rule through an anchor ring embedded in concrete in which the connecting elements are arranged, especially tension anchors. The tower flange is mounted on the connecting elements that protrude from the concrete foundation.

From DE-A-10 2004 017 008, a process for the construction of a wind turbine tower is also known in which, on an annular formwork, a foundation is constructed which is filled with a very fluid filling mortar. After setting the filling mortar and removing the formwork, a leveling ring is placed on the surface of the set filling mortar and a tower segment is attached to the ring to join them. The leveling rings used have to be manufactured with great precision and individually, their manufacture being very complicated due to their size, which means especially long delivery times of several months.

Document DE-A-199 01 510 describes a foundation for surface towers for wind wheels for the production of electric current. In this case, a wind turbine tower is arranged on a foundation plate made of reinforced concrete. For the reduction of the mass, the foundation plate is formed in the form of a circular ring and has an annular connection element inside.

Document DE-A-10 2004 031 655 discloses a concrete foundation for a wind turbine tower as well as a procedure for its construction. However, in this document there is no reference to the arrangement of injection hoses or compaction hoses in the construction of a wind turbine tower.

In FR-A-2 429 047 hoses are generally described through which a pressurized liquid is transported. In any case, this document should be considered as non-generic, since the technical teona of this document does not deal with the construction or design of wind turbine towers.

WO-A-2005/095717 describes a procedure for the construction of a tower in which an annular formwork is constructed on a foundation that is filled with a very liquid filling mortar. A leveling ring on which a tower segment is placed is positioned on the grounding mortar.

Document DE-U-86 08 396 finally reveals an injection hose for concrete joints, the injection hose having a circular cross-section channel and a groove being practiced on the walls of the support body.

Document US-A-2007/0269273 also describes the anchoring of a foundation, the foundation being constructed on anchor piles. Between the foundation and the anchor piles built on the ground, a hollow space is provided in principle, which after filling the foundation is filled with filling mortar.

EP-A-1 849 920 shows a tower adapter for a wind turbine or the like. The adapter is arranged in a concrete body, the bottom face of the adapter being located on a filling mortar poured into an annular recess.

Starting from this state of the art, the present invention sets out the objective of perfecting the construction of a wind turbine tower, ensuring that the effort made at the tower's location is as small as possible.

This task is solved with a wind turbine with a tubular tower, the circular tower being arranged above a foundation body preferably arranged on the ground, the foundation body being formed from a foundation mass, especially concrete and presenting the tubular tower by its lower part a base flange of the tower joined by means of a joint opened to the foundation body, the wind turbine being perfected by the fact that a) at least one injection hose is arranged in the area of the upper part of the foundation body oriented towards the base flange of the tower or b) at least one injection hose is arranged at the top between the base flange of the tower and the top of the foundation body oriented towards the base flange of the tower or c) a union component is arranged in the foundation body on whose upper face that protrudes from the foundation body the base flange of the tower is mounted, preventing l minus a hose of

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injection into the area of the lower part of the joint component arranged in the area of the foundation body at a predetermined distance from the bottom, the injection hose (s) being placed before the pouring of the foundation mass or during concreting of so that they are introduced into concrete joints and / or embedded or introduced into concrete in sensitive areas to create water-impermeable, gas-impermeable and drag-on joints.

In an alternative solution a wind turbine is proposed, the wind turbine being configured with a tubular tower or tower that has a lower part and an upper part, the upper part of the tubular tower being arranged above a foundation body preferably built on the ground, forming the foundation body of a foundation mass, especially concrete, perfecting the solution by providing at least one injection hose in the area of the bottom of the tower or tubular tower arranged in the foundation body at a distance from the part bottom, placing the injection hose (s) before pouring the foundation mass or during concreting so that they are introduced into concrete joints and / or embedded or introduced into concrete in sensitive areas to create water impervious joints, impervious to gas and dragging.

This embodiment variant has the advantage that an expensive tower base flange can be dispensed with and that the lower part of the tower is filled directly into the concrete foundation body. The upper part of the tower generally has several sections and can be made in the form of a tubular (steel) tower, concrete tower or lattice tower.

The invention is based on the idea of providing one or more injection hoses in the area of the foundation of a wind turbine tower, placing the injection hoses in the construction of a tower inside concrete joints and / or embedding them in sensitive areas in concrete to simply waterproof the hollow spaces that could be produced due to shrinkage and runoff processes. In this way, a gas-impermeable, gas-impervious gasket is formed and in the form of a drag on the foundation body on the upper face of the foundation body, especially below the base flange of the tower.

An injection hose is used especially in areas where there is a change from material from concrete to steel or a passage from concrete to concrete, with different qualities of concrete. Injection hoses or compaction hoses are arranged, for example, in the connection joint between the steel tower and the foundation.

If the wind turbine tower to be built has a base flange on the bottom of the tower mounted on a component arranged on the base and on a joint with an L-shaped flange on its upper face, the component of foundation or the union body meets its lower part in the foundation body, configuring the union piece or the foundation component with a T-flange (reverse) that absorbs the tensile and pressure loads of the tower.

In another variant embodiment, the union component can also be configured as an anchor cage. The important thing is that in the transition zones between the joint piece and the foundation body as well as between the foundation body and the base flange of the tower, an injection hose or a compaction hose is considered or arranged during assembly at the leaking points that transmit the force, so that a corresponding medium, preferably hardened, can be introduced into the injection hoses after the manufacture or construction of the wind turbine.

In a variant embodiment of the wind turbine it is also advantageous that at least one injection hose is arranged or fixed in the lower part of the union component or in the lower part of the tower or tubular tower, whereby the hollow spaces that occur at these points they can be compacted or filled in force drag with an injection mass. This ensures that water penetration is permanently avoided during the operation of the wind turbine, thereby preventing the creation of cavities in the foundation of a wind turbine and increasing the life of the wind turbine.

The assembly of injection hoses or compaction hoses, for example before a concrete operation, allows a simple compaction of cavities after the construction of the foundation or after the verification of relative movements, especially relative relative movements between a component of foundation and concrete socket. With the use of the injection hoses, a force drag joint is achieved with a relatively small effort between a piece of foundation or a foundation component or an anchor cage and the concrete foundation body. Through the penetration of an injection mass into the cavities through the injection hose, water or liquids that have penetrated the cavities can finally be displaced again.

In a preferred embodiment, it is also provided that one or more injection hoses are arranged in an open ring of the lower part of the joint component in the foundation body so that, as a consequence of the penetration of an injection mass into Injection hoses positioned directly above or below the flange, preferably in contact with the flange, the joints in the force transmission zone between the joint component flange and the foundation body can be filled specifically.

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If, in the construction of a wind turbine, a bed for the foundation body is first dug and then a fundamentally flat and horizontal development cleaning plate is manufactured as the bottom layer of the foundation body, it is provided in a preferred embodiment variant that the injection hose (s) are arranged or fixed in the lower section or in a lower layer of the foundation body, especially in a cleaning plate. Then the foundation body is filled with concrete in a known way.

The foundation can also be filled in sections, first filling the lower section of the foundation, then placing the union component, subsequently arranging the injection hoses and finally filling the upper section. In this case the injection hoses are preferably arranged in the lower section of the foundation.

In a preferred embodiment variant, it is provided that at least one of the ends, preferably the two ends of the injection hose (s) are configured so that they protrude from the foundation body, preferably inside the tower, in which In particular, a collection bag is available to store in it the end (s) of the injection hose (s). Thanks to this measure, it is achieved that the ends of the injection hoses or the compaction hoses can also be filled with an injection means after the conformation or construction of a wind turbine, since especially after a predetermined service time of the Wind turbine usually introduces a means of waterproofing injection through the ends thus freely accessible from the injection hose (s). If necessary, for example in case of cracking, a waterproofing medium is injected under pressure, for example a synthetic resin, cement or the like in order to waterproof the cavities or fissures that may have formed.

Preferably, the union component arranged or disposed with its lower part in the foundation body is configured as a foundation component or anchor cage.

In a preferred embodiment variant, the arrangement of an intermediate connecting body between the lower face of the base flange of the tower and the upper face of the foundation body is also provided, at least one injection hose being placed below or within the intermediate union body and especially the intermediate union body in force drag contact with the base flange of the tower. In this case the intermediate union body is located on the upper face of the foundation body and below the base flange of the tower, the intermediate union body being able to present a cavity. The intermediate union body is specially constructed of a concrete of better quality than that of the material or concrete of the foundation body. The intermediate union body has a contact surface with the tower or with the base flange of the tower and with a contact surface of the foundation body. In a variant embodiment, it is also provided that the intermediate union body is configured as a load distribution plate or as a force transmission body, preferably made with a space for receiving the injection hose.

The task is also solved by means of a procedure for the construction of a wind turbine tower in which the following steps are executed:

- manufacture of a foundation body of a foundation mass, preferably on or in a ground,

- arrangement of a tower or a tower segment on the upper face of the foundation body, being placed in an intermediate union body to be configured or configured between the lower face of a base flange of the tower or the segment of tower and upper face of the foundation body at least one injection hose,

- introduction of an injection mass into the injection hose or hoses before or during the placement of the tower or the tower segment on the foundation body,

arranging the injection hose (s) before pouring the foundation mass or during concreting so that they are placed in concrete joints and / or stuffed or inserted in the sensitive areas to create water impermeable, gas impervious gaskets and in force drag.

In order to solve the task, the following procedure steps are executed in another tower construction alternative.

- manufacture of a foundation body of a foundation mass, preferably on or on a floor, a union component being provided on the foundation body and the upper part thereof being protruding from the foundation body,

- provision of at least one injection hose in the area of the inner part of the joint component located in the area of the foundation body,

- placing a tower or a tower segment on the upper face of the joint component,

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According to a third solution of the task, the following procedure steps are executed in the procedure for the construction of a wind turbine tower:

- arrangement of an upper part of a tubular tower above a foundation body to be built especially on or on a floor, placing at least one injection hose in the area of the lower part of the tubular tower arranged in the foundation body at a predetermined distance from the bottom,

- configuration of a foundation body of a foundation mass, an injection mass being introduced into the injection hose or hoses before or during or after the placement of the top part of the tower above the foundation body,

After pouring a foundation mass, especially concrete, for the construction of a foundation body an injection filler, for example resin or cement or the like, is introduced into the injection hose to waterproof the joints between the foundation components. In an improved variant of the process, it is also provided that before pouring the foundation mass, especially concrete, the injection hose or hoses are filled with a liquid, preferably water or other fluid.

After the arrangement of the injection hose (s) on the upper face of the foundation body, the injection hose (s) is preferably filled with a filler mortar, the injection hose (s) being placed especially below a plate of injection. load distribution or in the cavity of an intermediate connecting body between the upper face of the foundation body and the lower face of the base flange of the tower.

The process is further characterized in that the pouring of the filling mortar is carried out after the pouring of the concrete and after the alignment of the joint component and / or after the alignment of the intermediate joint body.

The task is also solved thanks to the use of an injection hose in the construction of a wind turbine tower, as described above, especially by performing the described procedure steps. To avoid repetitions, reference is made explicitly to the previous explanations.

Preferably the injection hoses are fixed in a force transmission element of the foundation or the ground or a thin concrete plate on which the foundation body is subsequently formed. The injection hoses are preferably positioned so as to adopt, for example, the circular shape of a flange or a load distribution plate, the injection hoses being arranged in a preferred embodiment variant at a predetermined distance from the transmission component of force. The distance may correspond to several hose diameters, preferably being less than a hose diameter, especially less than half a half hose diameter. In a variant embodiment, the injection hose comes into direct contact with the force transmission component. It is advantageous that the injection hose (s) are arranged in the force flow of the corresponding force transmission components.

Filling the injection hose before pouring concrete with a liquid, for example water, prevents the injection hose from swelling or its cross section narrowing.

If several injection hoses are arranged parallel to each other, the assembly of the injection hoses allows after the use of one of the injection hoses other injection hoses are compacted at a later time, filling the hoses Reserve temporarily with an exchangeable liquid, for example water to protect them in the first compaction process. The compaction of the injection hoses is especially carried out with resins, fluidized mortar or other appropriate injection means capable of transmitting forces or filling and waterproofing cavities. The diameter of the injection hoses is normally from 2 mm to 100 mm, especially from 5 mm to 50 mm and preferably from 8 mm to 35 mm.

The injection hoses or compaction hoses used can be of the following type:

• Round perforated PVC inner hoses with double fabric lining, so that the fine fabric of the double fabric lining prevents the penetration of cement binder into the interior of the hose during concreting (filtration function).

• Round perforated or grooved PVC inner hoses with slotted mossy rubber lining, with the slots in the lining displaced with respect to the perforation of the inner PVC hose. Through a kind of valve system, the penetration of cement binder during concreting is prevented.

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• PVC perforated inner hoses with neoprene strips. The outlets of the PVC inner hose are covered with neoprene strips, the strips being fixed in position by means of an outer net of fine mesh.

• Round perforated PVC inner hoses with grooved laminar lining. The grooves of the laminar lining are arranged offset with respect to the exit holes of the inner hose. The penetration of cement binder inside the hose is prevented through a valve system.

• Semicircular or rectangular systems, providing semicircular or rectangular profiles of plastic or rubber injection channels with outlet holes that are covered with foam.

• PVC grooved flat hoses without additional coating. The hose grooves are kept closed under the pressure of concreting and only open with a predetermined injection pressure to prevent the penetration of cement binder during concreting (valve function).

• Flat hoses frequently provided with several injection channels. Each injection channel can be used separately for an injection process (multiple injection).

Next, the invention is described in view of examples of embodiment, without limitation of the general idea of the invention and with reference to the drawings, expressly referring to the drawings in relation to all the details according to the invention not specifically explained in the text. They are shown in the

Figures 1a, 1b different views of a foundation of a wind turbine;

Figure 2 a cross-sectional view of a section of a wind turbine base;

Figures 3a, 3b, 3c different views of a flange of a foundation component in cross section;

Figures 4a, 4b respectively a cross-sectional view of an anchor cage arranged on a foundation in a general representation (Fig. 4a) and in a detail view (Fig. 4b) and

Figure 5 another arrangement according to the invention of injection hoses in a wind turbine foundation.

In the following figures, corresponding or identical corresponding elements or parts are identified with the same reference numbers, so that a new representation is dispensed with.

Figure 1a shows in cross section the lower part of a wind turbine W schematically drawn, the wind turbine W having been built on a foundation body 10 constructed or configured on the floor 11. The foundation body 10 is made of concrete and disposes in its lower part of a widened base surrounded by the ground 11.

In the central part of the foundation body 10, a circular socket has been configured in the center in which a foundation component 14 is disposed that is embedded in concrete or held firmly. The foundation component 14 is disposed annularly in the foundation body 10 and protrudes from the foundation body 10. Above the upper face 15 of the foundation body 10 the foundation component 14 has on the tower side a flange 16 in which a base flange of tower 17 of tower 18 of wind turbine W is mounted thereon.

The base flange of the tower 17 and the flange 16 of the foundation component 14 are joined together by means of usual threaded joints.

Figure 1b shows a view on the foundation body 10, deducing from Figure 1b that the foundation body 10 has been configured round or circular. However, the foundation body 10 can have in other variants of embodiment a polygonal shape, like a cross or a star.

Figure 2 shows a detailed view of the foundation component 14 inserted in the foundation body 10. On the underside of the foundation component 14 inserted in the foundation body 10 the foundation component 14 has an inserted flange 19. The inserted flange 19 and has a T-shaped cross section with the particularity that the T-shaped flange has been turned upside down or turned.

In the lower part of the inserted flange 19 are placed on both sides, both on the inner side and on the outer side of the foundation component 14, a compaction hoses 20. The compaction hoses 20 are developed along the part bottom of the foundation component 14.

The compaction hoses 20 can be mounted on the foundation component 14 at the factory or on site, the compaction hoses 20 being fixed by means of fastening eyelets or other fixing means, for example hooks or adhesive tapes. The compaction hoses 20 are especially arranged circularly along the inserted flange 19. They are positioned so that, on the one hand, the open insert 19 that transmits the force can be compacted safely and, on the other hand, the compaction hoses 20 themselves do not weaken the transmitting surface of the force.

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Along the open insert 19, several compaction hoses 20 are provided that after setting the concrete of the foundation body 10 are compacted or compacted at intervals with an injection mortar, for example resins or fluidized mortar, when cracks appear .

For injection, suitable injection means are conveniently used to transmit forces and / or to fill cavities in a waterproofing manner.

In a variant embodiment, the ends of the compaction hoses 20 for filling and venting the hoses essentially exit vertically from the foundation body 10 to load the compression hoses with an injection means after the concrete has set.

The assembly of several injection hoses also allows a compaction of the compaction hoses in accordance with a certain order, a compaction being carried out especially when in the foundation body, especially in the area of the foundation component 14, they are detected or appear, by example, fissures or cavities.

Generally pressures of up to 80 bar are used in the compaction of resins or cement binder as well as cement mortar. The diameter of the compaction hoses is between 2 mm and 100 mm, especially between 5 mm and 50 mm, preferably between 8 mm and 35 mm.

For compaction, a compaction device is mounted on one of the ends or on the free ends of the compaction hoses, for example in the form of a lifting pump. An advantageous embodiment variant can also provide for several compaction hoses to be joined together with the aid of distribution parts.

The compaction hoses 20 are arranged or fixed mainly in a force transmission element or on the ground or in a thin concrete plate (cleaning layer). In addition to the arrangement of the compaction hoses 20 in the force flow of the force transmission element or component, it is possible that within the scope of the invention the compaction hoses are arranged outside the force flow.

Before the pouring of the concrete from the foundation body 10, the compaction hoses 20 are especially filled with an exchangeable liquid, for example water or the like to prevent the hose or the compaction hoses from swelling or being cross-sectioned.

Figures 3a to 3c respectively show different possibilities of arrangement of compaction hoses 20 in the area of the T-shaped cross member of the lower inserted flange 19 of the foundation component 14. Figure 3a shows a cross-section in which Compaction hoses 20 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the crossbar in the form of an inverted "T". A variant embodiment of the arrangement of compaction hoses 20 is shown in FIG. 3b, a compaction hose 20 being arranged below the crossbar in the center, while on the upper face of the inserted flange 19 they are respectively fixed symmetrically two compaction hoses 20.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3c, symmetrically, both on the upper face and the lower side of the crossbar of the "T" shaped flange 19, respectively, two compaction hoses 20 are arranged so that the horizontal surfaces are arranged of the flange are evenly covered.

Within the framework of the invention it is possible to configure the compaction hoses 20 in a predetermined manner and in accordance with the requirements profile in the inserted flange 19, in the area of the inserted part of the flange in the foundation body 10.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 3a, the compaction hoses 20 have been positioned on the front face of the flange 19, whereby the compaction hoses have been placed on the flange 19 outside the area that transmits the force. In the exemplary embodiments according to Figures 3b and 3c, the compaction hoses 20 are arranged directly in the force flow above or below the flange, ideally in contact with the flange.

A cross section of a foundation body 10 is shown in Figure 4a in which an anchor cage 21 has been embedded in concrete. The anchor cage 21 has vertically mounted anchor rods 22 ending above the upper face. 15 of the foundation body 10. An enlarged partial view of the area of the upper face 15, marked in figure 4a with a circle, is shown in figure 4b.

The anchor rods 22 cross a prefabricated perimeter concrete part 23 on the upper face 15 of the foundation body 10 as an intermediate body and the base flange of the tower 17 of the tower 18 configured as a tubular steel tower. On the upper side, the anchor bars 23 come from tight nuts 24.

Instead of the precast concrete part 23, a load distribution plate can also be provided as a load distribution component. Below the prefabricated concrete part 23, compaction hoses 20 are arranged in the form of a circle in the area of the upper face 15 to fill the joint between the upper face 15 and the prefabricated concrete part 23 if necessary.

First, the concrete body 10 may have been filled to then place the prefabricated concrete part 23 or the load introduction plate. In a preferred embodiment variant, the foundation body 10 can also be fixed directly on the open base of the tower 17 on the part

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prefabricated concrete 23 or on the load distribution plate, after aligning or adjusting them, for example, on the anchor rods 22. In this variant embodiment the compaction hoses are embedded directly on the surface of the foundation body 10 for fill in the cavities created during concreting directly below the force introduction device

In an alternative the compaction hoses can also be arranged in the prefabricated piece of 23.

In Fig. 5, another example of embodiment for the arrangement of compacting hoses 20 is shown in cross section. The anchor bars 22 protrude from the foundation body 10, the anchor bars 22 extending above the upper face 15 through a hardened filler mortar 25 as well as through a load distribution plate 26 and the base flange of the tower 17. On the upper face of the base flange of the tower 17 the anchor bars 22 are provided with nuts 24.

According to the invention, the compaction hoses 22 are disposed above the upper face 15 in the filling mortar 25, the compaction hoses 20 being arranged during the pouring of the filling mortar 25 into the formwork created for this purpose. After setting the filling mortar 25, the load distribution plate 26 provided for the distribution of the load is placed on the filling mortar 25.

In an alternative embodiment, the filling mortar 25 can also be introduced into a cavity of the foundation body 10, whereby the upper face of the filling mortar 25 is in the area of the upper face 15 of the foundation body 10 .

Reference List

10 Foundation body

11 Floor

14 Foundation component

15 Top face

16 Flange

17 Tower base flange

18 Tower

19 Flange inserted

20 Compaction hoses

21 Anchor Cage

22 anchor rods

23 Precast concrete piece

24 Nut

25 Filler Mortar

26 Load distribution plate

W Wind Turbine