ES2588372T3 - Device and procedure for cleaning combustion facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (1, 21) for the elimination of depositions in containers (50) by means of explosion technology, which contains at least one longitudinal component (2, 22) with an end section on the side of the handle and an end section on the side of the cleaning (3a, 3b; 23a, 23b), in which in the extreme section (3b, 23b) of the side of the cleaning a flexible shell of the tank (5, 25) can be introduced that configures a housing space (6, 26) in a connection of the tank (9a, 9b, 49), which also contains at least one feed duct (7; 30a, 30b, 31a, 31b) for feeding a fluid explosive mixture or its Starting components in the housing space (6, 26) of the tank envelope (5, 25), as well as ignition means (32) for igniting the explosion in the tank envelope (5, 25) and a control installation (33) for ignition control, characterized in that the device (1, 21) contains at least one com longitudinal rapporteur (2), which configures at least two connections of the tank (9a, 9b) for the connection, respectively, of a shell of the tank (5), in which the control installation (33) is designed in common, of so that the ignition of the explosions in the wrappers of the container (5, 25) can be carried out through the common control installation (33).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Device and procedure for cleaning combustion facilities

The invention pertains to the field of interior cleaning of containers and refers to a device and a method for the elimination of deposits in the interior space of containers by means of explosion technology according to the preamble of independent claims 1 and 11. Especially the invention relates to a device and a method for cleaning contaminated and scorched containers with adhesions in their interior walls, in particular combustion facilities, by means of explosion technology. Such a procedure is also designated as blast cleaning.

Hot surfaces, for example of combustion facilities of garbage or coal boilers, are generally subject to heavy contamination. These contaminations have inorganic compositions and typically appear through deposition of ash particles in the wall. The coatings in the zone of high temperatures of smoke gas are the mayona of the very hard times, since they remain adhered to the wall either melted or almost melted or agglutinate by substances that melt or condense at low temperature during solidification on the wall of the boiler fna. Such coatings can only be removed with difficulty to an insufficient extent through known cleaning procedures. This leads to the boiler being stopped, cooled and cleaned manually or by means of sandblasting. Since such boilers have the mayona of quite large dimensions, it is often necessary to form a rack in the oven. This also requires an interruption in the operation of several days or weeks and, in addition, is extraordinarily unpleasant and insane for the cleaning staff due to the strong production of dust and dirt. A phenomenon that necessarily accompanies the mayona of the times to the interruption of the operation are damages in the own materials of the deposit as a result of the strong variations of the temperature. In addition to cleaning and repair costs, plant shutdown costs due to production failure or revenue are an important cost factor.

Conventional cleaning procedures, which are used in stationary installations, are for example tapping of the boiler as well as the use of steam jets, water jet blowers / carbon black blowers as well as sand jets.

In addition, a cleaning procedure is known, in which the hot-chilled or operating hot boiler is cleaned by means of the introduction and ignition of explosive bodies. In the procedure described in EP 1 067 349 a cooled explosive body is placed by means of a refrigerated lance in the vicinity of the dirty hot surface, where the explosive charge is ignited. The adhesions of the hot surfaces are exploded through the impulse of the detonation as well as through the oscillations of the wall generated by the shock waves. The cleaning time can be shortened essentially with this method compared to the additional cleaning procedures. Cleaning can be carried out with the necessary safety precautions during the operation of the combustion oven or still in the hot state of the tank. In this way it is possible to clean a boiler of this type in hours and without interruption of operation, for which purpose days with a conventional cleaning method are needed.

In the process described in EP 1 067 349 the need for an explosive substance is inconvenient. In addition to the high costs for the explosive material, a large safety expense should be applied for the prevention of accidents or theft, for example during the storage of the explosive substance. The introduction of explosive material into a hot deposit also requires an absolutely reliable and efficient cooling system to prevent an early detonation of the explosive substance.

Another cleaning procedure is known from EP 1 362 213 B1, which also uses a means for the generation of explosion. However, instead of an explosive substance, an inflatable tank wrap with a mixture of explosive gas is placed in accordance with this procedure at the end of a cleaning lance. The cleaning lance is now introduced along with the empty tank wrap in the boiler space and positioned in the vicinity of the place to be cleaned. The tank shell is then inflated with a mixture of explosive gas. Through the ignition of the gas mixture in the shell of the tank an explosion is generated, whose shock waves lead to the shedding of contamination in the boiler walls. The shell of the deposit is torn and burned through the explosion. Therefore, they represent the consumption material. This procedure and the corresponding device have the advantage that the procedure is favorable in operation compared to the aforementioned explosive technology with explosive substance. Thus, for example, the starting components of a gas mixture, which comprises oxygen and a gas from the group of combustible hydrocarbons, are economical in acquisition compared to the explosive substance. Moreover, the acquisition and handling of such gases, as opposed to the explosive substance, do not require special authorizations or qualifications, so that anyone with a corresponding instruction can perform the procedure. In addition, it is also an advantage that the starting components are fed through separate feed ducts to the cleaning lance or are even introduced separately into the housing space of the reservoir shell and, therefore, the mixture of dangerous explosive gas only

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it is established in the cleaning lance or even only in the housing space of the tank envelope already placed in the boiler space shortly before the explosion is activated. Indeed, in comparison with the explosive substance, the manipulation of the individual components of the gas mixture is much less dangerous, since these individual components are very combustible, but not explosive. The shell of the tank receiving the explosive gas mixture contains, for example, layers of paper and / or plastic.

The corresponding procedure has, despite the many advantages, the disadvantage that the cleaning action is limited with respect to other purely mechanical cleaning procedures and is based almost exclusively on the action of the pressure waves of the explosion.

Publication DE 10 2010 061 228 A1 describes a system for the removal of dirt from a surface, which contains a first and a second pulse cleaning device as well as a control in operative connection with the two pulse cleaning devices. The two pulse cleaning devices are aligned with each other in such a way that the respective shock waves intersect together or in the immediate proximity of the surface. This way the cleaning effect should be improved.

The problem of the present invention is therefore to modify the cleaning device and the corresponding procedure so that a selective cleaning action is achieved.

The problem is solved through the features of independent claims 1 and 11. Other preferred embodiments and developments of the invention are deduced from the patent dependent claims. The features of the process claims can be combined in this context in a convenient manner with features of the device claims and vice versa.

The device according to the invention and the corresponding procedure essentially correspond to a development of the device described in EP 1 362 213 B1 or the corresponding procedure. Therefore, many of the features and embodiments mentioned therefrom, for example with respect to the structure of the shell of the deposit or the installation of supply, are also transferred to the present patent application.

The device according to the invention therefore contains at least one longitudinal component, which is configured, for example, as a tubular installation, in particular as a cleaning lance. The longitudinal component contains an extreme section of the cleaning side, so that in the extreme section of the cleaning side a flexible shell of the tank, which configures a housing space, can be placed in a connection of the longitudinal component tank.

The longitudinal component or the cleaning lance may have a length of one to several meters, for example 6 to 10 m.

The device also contains at least one feed duct for feeding a fluid explosive mixture or its starting components to the housing space of the container envelope. The at least one feed conduit may be integrated in the structure of the longitudinal component. The longitudinal component may be configured for this purpose in the form of a tube. One or more feeding ducts can also be guided as separate ducts outside or inside the longitudinal component and, for example, along it.

In addition, ignition means are provided for the ignition and, therefore, for the activation of the explosion as well as a control installation for the activation of the ignition. The control installation also serves, preferably, for the control of filling the shell of the tank with the explosive mixture or its components.

The ignition of the explosive mixture is carried out by means known from the state of the art. Preferably this is done through electrically activated spark ignition, through auxiliary flames or through pyrotechnic ignition with the aid of ignition means and correspondingly placed ignition devices. The ignition means are preferably placed in the longitudinal component, for example in the area of one of the ends of the longitudinal component, in a tube itself or in the shell of the tank. The activation of the ignition device as well as the cycle of the influx of the components or the cycle of the elevation of the shell of the tank is carried out, as mentioned, by means of the control installation.

The filling of the shell of the tank with the explosive mixture or its components can be carried out, however, also manually.

According to the invention, the device now contains several connections of the tank for the respective placement of a shell of the tank, the control installation being designed in common, so that the ignition of the explosions can be carried out in the shells of the tank to the same time or with delay of

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time through the common control facility. The time delay can be, for example, from a few milliseconds to a couple of a few seconds, in particular from 0.1 to 2 seconds.

The cleaning behavior published in relation to the invention is based, therefore, on carrying explosive mixtures of gaseous, liquid and / or dusty components or powder, which are introduced into the housing space of a flexible shell of the tank, together with the shell of the tank near a place to be cleaned to then explode the mixture under destruction of the shell of the tank. The explosive mixture preferably contains at least one gaseous component and is especially preferably completely in the form of gas, in particular in the explosive state. To this end, the explosive mixture is preferably manufactured exclusively from components in the form of gas or that evaporate rapidly. The flexible shell of the tank is inflated or blown through the incoming gas stream under expansion of the housing space. The explosive mixture preferably contains a fuel as well as an oxidizing agent, such as oxygen in the form of gas or an oxygen-containing gas. The fuel can be liquid or gas. This can be, for example, acetylene, ethylene, methane, ethane, propane, gasoline, oil, etc.

The explosive mixture can already be introduced as a mixture in the shell of the tank. Preferably, the components or at least individual components of the mixture, with introduced especially through separate feeding ducts, individually in the housing space of the reservoir shell and mixed therefrom each other to form the explosive mixture (final ). To activate the explosion, the mixture is switched on.

The force of the explosion and the surface set in oscillation through the shock waves, for example the tank wall or tube wall, cause the adhesions of the wall and the scorings to be blown and, therefore, the cleaning Of the surface.

The intensity of the explosion required for a cleaning and, therefore, the quantity of the components of the mixture are adjusted to the type of dirt and the size and the type of the contaminated container. The dosage and the intensity of the explosion can be selected and selected with preference so that no damage appears in facilities. The possibility of optimal dosing of the substances used prevents, on the one hand, the risk of danger and damage to facilities and people.

The flexible shell of the tank therefore forms a housing for the explosive mixture and allows the safe positioning of the mixture in the place to be cleaned. In addition, the shell of the tank prevents dilution of the explosive mixture with the ambient air. Moreover, the shell of the tank can also be used to cool the explosive mixture to prevent the mixture from igniting earlier in the hot space of the boiler.

The flexible shell of the tank is preferably configured with a thin wall. In addition, the reservoir wrap can preferably be folded, rolled or wrinkled, so that it can be present in the non-actuated state as a compact body. In embodiments, as described below, in which the wall of the shell of the tank is formed of several layers with hollow, actionable or inflatable chambers placed intermediate, the shell of the tank is no longer necessarily thin-walled in the state Inflated wall cameras.

The wall of the shell of the deposit can be configured of a layer. Preferably, however, the wall is made up of several layers with at least two layers of the same material or of a different material. One of the materials should be characterized preferably by its gas tightness. Plastic films are especially well suited for this purpose. Another material must be characterized by a certain resistance to heat and thermal insulation or by its ability to absorb or aspirate moisturizing refrigerant, such as water or both properties. For this purpose, a flat material of cellulose or with a portion of cellulose, such as paper, which has, for example, a certain suction force, is especially well suited. The shell of the tank can be impregnated or sprayed, for example, before being introduced into a hot installation with refrigerant, preferably water. Through the evaporation of the water, the cooling effect on the shell of the tank is achieved, which prevents premature combustion of the shell or premature ignition of the explosive mixture.

The gas-tight layer, but in certain circumstances not very resistant to heat, is arranged in the layer compound, preferably towards the accommodation space. Especially preferred is the outermost layer. The heat-resistant or refrigerable layer is arranged in the layer compound, preferably outwards. Especially preferred is the outermost layer. The layers may be joined on a large surface either through or punctually or on a partial surface, for example by means of an adhesive bond.

The shell of the tank may also contain an elastically expandable layer material or it may be constituted by it. The wall of the shell of the tank can be configured correspondingly so that it expands during the elevation and conformation of the housing space with the explosive mixture (for example, elastically). The shell of the tank can be configured, therefore, also in the form of

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an elastically expandable ball. Preferably, the wall of the shell of the deposit is not dilatable or only limited. In this case, the shell of the tank is unfolded, unrolled or unrolled only during the elevation and conformation of the housing space, but it configures an entry hole for the explosive mixture. The shell of the tank can be, for example, a bag or bag of the sack type.

For the preparation of a plurality of tank connections, the device comprises according to a first embodiment of the invention several longitudinal components, for example cleaning lances, respectively, with at least one connection of the tank for the connection of a housing of the deposit. The longitudinal components can preferably be handled individually as well as individually configured and physically independent of each other, so that they can be placed independently of one another in different places in the tank to be cleaned. However, at least one common control installation is associated with the longitudinal components, with which they are connected through cable or wireless control conduits. The ignition of the explosions in the shell wraps of the individual components is carried out in this way through the common control facility

The device preferably contains two, three or more individual components or cleaning lances. It is also possible to provide corresponding connections for the control and feeding of the explosive mixture or its components, so that according to a modular principle, according to the needs, a certain number of longitudinal components can be connected or removed repeatedly or cleaning spears.

According to the invention, a longitudinal component of the device itself is now equipped with two or more tank connections for the connection of a shell of the tank for each tank connection. The ignition of the explosions in the reservoir wraps is also carried out here through a common control facility.

According to a preferred development, the longitudinal component has a common feeding duct, driven from the extreme section of the handle side to the extreme section of the cleaning side, so that the feeding duct is divided into the extreme section of the side of cleaning in at least two branch ducts, which respectively constitute a closure of the tank, arranged, for example, on the end side.

It can also be provided that the longitudinal component comprises several feeding ducts, which lead the components of the mixture individually to the shell of the tank. The explosive mixture has been mixed here first in the shell of the tank or in a mixing zone placed in front of the shell of the tank. In this case, the individual feed ducts branch in the extreme section of the cleaning side into corresponding branch ducts, respectively with a tank connection arranged, for example, on the end side. This alternative embodiment also applies to the embodiments described below as well as the embodiments described in embodiments 2 to 5 of other branches.

The at least two branching ducts form an angle greater than 0 ° in each case, preferably in each case. This angle has, for example, 20 ° to 110 °, in particular 30 ° to 90 ° (degrees of angle). That is, two branching ducts preferably form an angle of 40 ° to 220 °, in particular 60 ° to 180 °.

In one development, the first branching ducts are branched again in each case into at least two other branching ducts that configure, for example, on the end side a tank connection. The first branching ducts do not have a corresponding connection of the deposit here. In principle, the longitudinal component can thus have, according to the desired number of tank connections in a longitudinal component, a multiple of branches, which lead, respectively, a multiplication of the tank connections.

The branch of the feed duct in at least two branch ducts is preferably configured in mirror symmetry with respect to a longitudinal median axis that passes through the feed duct. Also other branches are preferably figured in mirror symmetry, so that the entire system is preferably in mirror symmetry in branches with respect to a longitudinal median axis passing through the feed duct.

The plurality of the branches may be arranged exclusively in a two-dimensional plane. However, it is also possible that several branches are arranged in a three-dimensional space. That is, the ramifications are in different planes.

The symmetrical arrangement of the branches is recommended for technical reasons of the circulation, because especially with such an arrangement the uniform distribution of the material stream in the respective branch is possible and, therefore, the uniform filling of all the tank shells . In addition, it should also be ensured that none of the branching ducts is transferred in the direction of the feeding duct. In this way it is achieved that the circulation is distributed by virtue of the geometry of the branch over the

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branching ducts and cannot circulate in front of one of the branching ducts. With these measures, complicated control of valves of the material streams in the individual branching ducts can be dispensed with. However, in principle, it is also conceivable to control valves in the branches for the control of material flows.

The longitudinal component, in particular the cleaning lance according to the embodiment described above, can find application in the device according to the first embodiment. That is to say, that the device according to the first embodiment contains several longitudinal components or cleaning lances, at least one of these cleaning lances having several connections of the tank according to the second embodiment.

The device according to the invention, which comprises the embodiment described above, preferably presents a common supply installation for the explosive mixture or its components, from which the explosive mixture or its components are fed through feeding ducts towards the longitudinal components or cleaning lances and, therefore, to the tank connections.

The feeding installation is either especially a filling installation for the preparation or conditioning and / or feeding of the liquid and / or gaseous starting components of the explosive mixture. The longitudinal components according to the first embodiment are preferably fed in this case, respectively, through separate supply lines with the components.

The feeding installation comprises, for example, storage means, such as pressure tanks, in which the explosive mixture or its components are stored, for example under pressure, and from which the longitudinal components or cleaning lances are fed with the explosive mixture or its components.

The supply of the explosive mixture or its components to the individual tank connections of one or more longitudinal components or cleaning lances can be controlled preferably through a common control installation. In this case, it can be the same control installation, with which it is already switched on. The aforementioned tank connections can be fed at the same time or with a definite time delay with the explosive mixture or its components.

The device may contain, at the very least, time delay means, for example a time relay, which allow the control installation to carry out the ignition of the explosion in a first deposit envelope delayed in a time-defined manner with respect to to another shell of the deposit. These delay means are especially present in the case of the use of several longitudinal components or cleaning lances, so that the delay in the ignition of the explosions is between the individual longitudinal components.

Therefore, the present invention allows activating several cleaning explosions at the same time or with a definite, especially short time delay. The explosion centers or the corresponding reservoir wraps are preferably positioned in such a way that the pressure waves of the individual explosions overlap in the cleaning action. This means that the reservoir wraps are located, for example, close to each other. This is especially the case in the embodiment, in which the reservoir envelopes cannot or must be too far apart from each other conditioned by the design. The superposition of the pressure waves can lead to an intensification of them, so that the cleaning effect is raised. Another effect of the embodiment is based on the fact that with a cleaning stage with several explosions activated through one or several cleaning lances a larger cleaning field is covered and thus cleaning can be carried out with fewer cleaning stages. , that is, in shorter time.

Moreover, several explosions from a plurality of smaller wrappers of the deposit that are arranged adjacent to each other generate a better cleaning effect than an explosion from a single large wrap of the deposit. Therefore, this is due to the fact that a plurality of smaller envelopes of the deposit, with respect to the same total volume of the explosive mixture, configures a total surface area greater than a single large envelope of the deposit. This effect can be achieved especially with the device according to the second embodiment variant (see also figure 2).

In addition, several explosions that start at the same time or with a defined time delay from the reservoir envelopes, cause the explosion pressure probes to act from different directions on an object to be cleaned, such as a bundle of tubes and of this In this way they provide an improved cleaning effect. The reservoir wraps are also arranged here preferably in proximity to each other, so that the pressure waves of the explosions are in interaction with each other. This means that the explosion centers are arranged in such a way that the pressure waves converge with each other, so that the object to be cleaned is between the explosion centers. This effect can be achieved with the device according to the embodiment variant according to claim 1 (see also figure 2).

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The cleaning action mentioned above can still be intensified when the wall of the shell of the tank is constituted at least by sections such that it releases particles during the explosion of an explosive mixture that is in the housing space of the shell of the shell. deposit, which, accelerated by the pressure of explosion, are suitable to act on depositions in the interior space of a container and to detach them at least partially. The particles can be, for example, sand bodies or other particles integrated in the shell of the tank.

The procedure, which can be performed with the device described above, is characterized by the following steps:

- introduction of the at least one longitudinal component with its extreme section on the cleaning side from the outside into the interior space of the container to be cleaned, for example through an inlet hole;

- simultaneous or delayed filling in the tempo (defined) of the at least two casings of the tank with an explosive mixture or its components;

- simultaneous or delayed ignition in the (defined) tempo of the explosive mixture in the at least two reservoir wraps through the common control facility

Before the introduction, it is fixed, for example, attached, fastened or glued with adhesive tape, obviously in the end section of the cleaning side of the longitudinal component, a wrap of the corresponding deposit.

In addition, if necessary, before, at the same time or after the introduction of the longitudinal component, cooling for the longitudinal component and / or the shell of the tank can be activated. For this purpose, cooling means, such as refrigeration ducts, which are fed by a refrigerant supply system through supply lines with a refrigerant, may be provided in the longitudinal component. The longitudinal components according to the first embodiment can be fed with refrigerant through a common refrigerant supply facility. In addition, the control of the cooling of the longitudinal components and in particular the refrigerant feed, can be carried out through the common control installation.

The extreme section of the inserted cleaning side of the longitudinal component is conveniently located with the shell of the tank in front of or near the surface to be cleaned. The filling of the shell of the tank is carried out through the corresponding opening of valves, whereby the explosive mixture or its components flow through the feeding ducts spends the shell of the tank under expansion thereof.

In a preferred development of the process, the simultaneous or time-delayed filling in a defined manner of at least two envelopes of the tank with an explosive mixture or with its components is carried out through a common control installation.

According to another stage of the process according to the invention, the reservoir envelopes of at least two longitudinal components are positioned in the interior space to be cleaned from the reservoir so that the pressure waves of the two explosions overlap.

The individual stages of the aforementioned cycle of an explosive cleaning process according to the invention can also be completed by means of intermediate stages.

The device according to the invention and the corresponding cleaning procedure are especially suitable for cleaning interior spaces of combustion facilities as well as installations positioned in these interior spaces, such as pipes or tube bundles, for example with sticky volatile ash, which has adhesions, caused especially by the combustion of carbon, garbage, clarification mud or special garbage. This applies especially in the field of steam generators of combustion facilities. But the cleaning procedure can also be applied for the removal of contamination in other facilities with hard dirt deposits, such as in smoke gas cleaning facilities, lime depositions in hot water generators, as well as in paper mills , in silos and in the cement industry.

Explosive cleaning can be carried out during the operation of an installation, that is, on the line, or in still hot tanks and in an extraordinarily selective and accurately dosed manner. In this way, the shutdown costs of the operation are reduced and parts of the installation or sections of the deposit are not unnecessarily charged. The dangers for the installation personnel are also minimized. This is especially achieved through a short residence time of the explosive mixture at least partially in the form of gas in the hot environment.

The device according to the invention and the corresponding procedure make cleaning more efficient.

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and more intensive interior storage spaces. The invention takes advantage in this case, among other things, the special interaction of pressure waves that overlap several explosions as well as the action of pressure waves of several explosions that occur at the same time from different directions or slightly delayed in time about an object to clean.

The object of the invention will be explained in detail below with the help of preferred embodiments, which are shown in the attached drawings. The following is shown schematically in each case:

Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a device for explosive cleaning.

Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a device for explosive cleaning.

Figures 3 to 5 show different ways of carrying out branches of the feeding duct of a cleaning lance according to the invention.

In principle, in the figures the same parts are provided with the same reference signs.

A device 21 for performing a cleaning procedure is shown in Figure 1. The device comprises two refrigerable cleaning lances 22, constituted of the same type. The cleaning lances 22 contain, respectively, an envelope 51 and an inner tube 50 disposed within the envelope 51. The cleaning lances 22 have, respectively, in an end section 23a of the handle side connections 46 for the feeding of the Gas-shaped components for the configuration of an explosive gas mixture. In the same way, in the vicinity of the end section 23a there is an ignition means 32, for example a spark plug, by means of which the explosive mixture can be ignited, for example electrically.

The cleaning lances 22 are fed through a common filling device 10 with the starting components for the manufacture of the explosive mixture. Furthermore, the cleaning lances 22 are controlled through a common control installation 33. The common control refers especially to the filling of the tanks as well as to the ignition of the explosive mixture.

The envelope 51 is configured in the present embodiment as an outer tube. It surrounds the inner tube 50 and forms a ring-shaped channel around the inner tube 50, through which a viscous refrigerant can circulate. The cleaning lances 22 have in their end section 23a on the side of the handle or in their corresponding proximity, respectively, connections 47 for the supply lines 28, 29 of the refrigerant supply. Water is fed through a first feed duct 28, for example, and air is fed through a second feed duct 29, for example. A single refrigerant supply line can also be provided for the supply of a single refrigerant, for example water. The refrigerant, for example a water / air mixture, is therefore conducted between the outer tube 51 and the inner tube 50. The refrigerant 45 serves to protect the cleaning lance 22 against excessive heating. The refrigerant 45 leaves again through the extreme section 23b on the cleaning side, which is indicated by arrows 45. In this extreme section 23b a protection bell 24 described below is placed for a shell of the tank 25. according to the speed of the circulation or the distance from the outlet hole of the refrigerant towards the protection bell 24, the refrigerant conducted through the cleaning lance 22 can also cool the protection bell 24.

The connections 47 for the refrigerant supply are provided with a valve 27. The activation thereof allows a connection and disconnection of the refrigeration. A cooling of the lance configured in this way is preferably activated before the introduction of the cleaning lances 22 in a hot tank 60 to be cleaned. It remains typically connected for the entire time, in which the cleaning lances 22 are exposed to heat. Such active cooling of the lances can be carried out through a common control installation 33, by activating the valves 27 of the cleaning lances 22 through the common control installation 33.

Obviously it is also possible to introduce a refrigerant through a refrigeration connection in the extreme section of the side of the handle of the lance and let it return again to the same extreme section. This will be possible, for example, when the outer tube 51 is closed at one end.

The active cooling described above is, however, optional and is not a forced feature of the present invention. The enclosure 51 can be configured, for example, also only for passive cooling and acts with insulating effect and in this way can protect the cleaning lance 22 and the explosive gas mixture or its components that are inside it against heat.

In the extreme section 23b of the cleaning side, which is opposite the extreme section of the side of the handle 23a, the cleaning lances 22 respectively have a connection of the reservoir 49, in which a flexible reservoir wrap 25 is placed The shell of the tank 25 surrounds an expandable housing space 26 for the explosive gas mixture. The connection of the tank 49 is surrounded in each case by the protection bell 24 placed in the end section 23b of the cleaning side. The shell of the tank 25 still not expandable, is

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dedr, compact is stored during the introduction of the cleaning lance 22 in the tank 60 and before filling it with the explosive gas mixture in the protection bell 24 and in this way it is protected against heat acting.

The flexible shell of the tank 25 is fixed by means of the connection of the tank 49, which can be a usual fitting or the extreme section of a tube, in the inner tube 50, such that it is inflated through the gas mixture explosive, which circulates through the inner tube 50.

The flexible shell of the container 25 contains a layer of an essentially gas-tight plastic and a protective wrap that surrounds the plastic layer, which can be, for example, absorbent paper. Before the use of the cleaning lance 22, that is, before the introduction of the cleaning lance 22 in a facility to be cleaned, the paper wrap and the envelope 51 of the cleaning lance 22 are preferably moistened, preferably with refrigerant, that is, it is impregnated with water, and the flexible shell of the tank 25 folded in the protection bell 24 is stored.

During inflation, the flexible shell of the reservoir 25 leaves the protection bell 24, the flexible bell of the reservoir 25 being protected through the paper wrap impregnated with water and the inner tube 50 through the envelope 51 and, therefore, both, also the fed gas or the explosive gas mixture against the heat of the smoke gases. The protection bell 24 is slightly conical, open in the form of a cup outward, to give enough space to a flexible wrap of the inflated tank 25. The protection bell 24, the envelope 51 can be fixedly fixed on the cleaning lance 22. But they can also be configured in such a way that they can flexibly extend over the cleaning lance or can be placed around it and can be positioned different way.

The connection 46 for the gas supply is chlorinated in the inner tube 50 and connects, respectively, two gas supply lines 30a, 31a, 30b, 31b with the cleaning lance 22. First gas supply lines 31a, 31b are connected through a first valve 40 with a first pressure tank 39, so that it is connected again through a fourth valve 37 in a first gas bottle 38 for sale on the market, for example an oxygen bottle. Second gas supply lines 30a, 30b are connected through a second valve 42 with a second pressure tank 41. This is connected again through a third valve 36 in a second commercially available gas bottle 35 . The second gas bottle 35 correspondingly contains a combustible gas, such as acetylene, ethylene or ethane. The valves can be magnetic valves.

After the opening of the third and fourth valves 36, 37, the pressure tanks 39, 41 are filled with the corresponding gases. The volumes of the pressure tanks may have, for example, values of 3.7 liters for ethane and 12.5 liters for oxygen. For filling a 110-liter tank, for example, a filling pressure of 7 bars is applied and for filling a 220-liter tank a filling pressure of 14 bars is applied. Instead of different filling pressures, a higher unit filling pressure can also be applied naturally, providing the pressure tanks for filling a smaller tank only the amount of gas needed and, therefore, does not wander completely. In other words, filling in the stoichiometric relationship is performed here according to the principle of differential pressure.

The ratio of the volumes of the two pressure tanks therefore corresponds to the stoichiometric ratio of the two gases for complete combustion. The pressures of the gases in the pressure tanks determine the intensity of the explosion. They can also be adjusted through reducing valves on gas bottles 35, 38. These pressures are preferably of the same magnitude. Pressure tanks are, therefore, part of a dosing facility. The dosing of the components is carried out in this case, respectively, before the filling of the envelopes of the tank 25 begins.

However, the stoichiometric ratio can also be guaranteed through diaphragms or controlled valves in the feeding ducts. Thanks to the diaphragms or valves, different pressures in the pressure tanks can be stoichiometrically compensated. The absolute or relative volumes of the pressure tanks as well as the applied filling pressures can be selected more or less freely. To this end, it should be noted that the filling process is completed more quickly at a higher filling pressure, which in principle is desirable.

By means of a pressure switch 34 actively connected with the ignition means 32 in the cleaning lances 22 the ignition of the explosion is initiated. The ignition cycle of the explosive gas mixtures in the wrappers of the tanks 25 of the two cleaning lances 22 is controlled, as the process of filling the envelopes of the tanks 25 of the two cleaning lances 22, through a common control installation 33. The control lines are shown in Figure 1 as dashed lines, so that the direction of the signals is indicated by arrows.

In order to carry out the cleaning procedure according to the invention, the end section 23b of the cleaning side of the cleaning lance 22 is introduced through an inlet opening 63 in the interior space 61 of a

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reservoir 60 to be cleaned and is placed, for example, between bundles of tubes 62. Next or at the same time the valves are first opened for a short time, for example for a few seconds. The gas contents of the pressure tanks 39, 41 circulate during this time through the gas supply lines 30a, 31a; 30b, 31b separated to the two cleaning lances 22. There, the gas components are mixed together to form the explosive gas mixture and conducted through the inner tube 50 to the housing space 26 of the flexible housing of the I deposit 25, so that they inflate it. In an alternative embodiment of the cleaning lances, the gas supply lines 30a, 31a; 30b, 31b are kept separate in the inner tube 50 of the cleaning lance 22, so that the gases only mix in the flexible shell of the reservoir 25 and there form a mixture of explosive gas.

The filling of the flexible tank can last, depending on the pressures that predominate in the pressure tanks in a 110 liter tank for 1 to 4 seconds, in particular about 3 to 4 seconds and in a 220 liter tank about 2 at 6 seconds, in particular about 4 to 5 seconds.

After the closure of the valves 40, 42, after a delay of time selections, for example of 0.5 seconds, the fulminating material can be turned on and in this way the explosion can be initiated. According to the selected embodiment of the gas supply, the fulminating material 32 is positioned correspondingly in the cleaning lance 22. So that the ignition of the explosions between the two cleaning lances 22 can be carried out with a delay of defined time, time delay means 48 are provided, which are activated in the same way through the common control facility 33.

After ignition of the gas mixture, the inner tube 50 is cleaned with preference of the remains of the explosion, for example water and hollm particles. This is done, for example, by means of compressed air, which is charged through a gas supply conduit 31a, 31b through the inner tube 50. For the embodiment, this gas supply conduit 31a, 31b has a additional valve 43, which is connected to a reservoir of compressed air 44, for example a compressed air generator or a bottle of compressed air. Compressed air is fed preferably through the oxygen supply duct 31a, 31b. The valve 43, represented here as a magnetic valve, is preferably controlled in the same way through the common control installation 33 and is automatically activated.

As already mentioned, the cleaning lance 22 contains in the present embodiment means for cooling it or the flexible shell of the tank 23.

An embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention is shown in Figure 2. This comprises a longitudinal component 2 in the configuration of a cleaning lance, the cleaning lance 2 contains an extreme section 3a on the side of the handle, in which feeding ducts 7a, 7b are provided for the feeding of the components in the form of gas for the configuration of the explosive gas mixture. In addition, active cooling can be provided, as described in Figure 1. The cleaning lance 2 also contains an extreme section 3b on the cleaning side with a connection of the tank 9a, 9b for a flexible shell of the tank 5 The cleaning lance 2 can be constituted in its basic body just like the cleaning lance according to figure 1. The present cleaning lance 2 differs, however, from the cleaning lance 22 according to figure 1 in that the tube interior 8, through which the explosive gas mixture is fed, is branched in the end section 3b of the cleaning side and configures two branching ducts 8a, 8b, which branch, respectively, at an angle (a) of for example 30 ° - 45 ° (angular degrees) in front of the feeding duct or the inner tube 8. The two branching ducts 8a, 8b preferably form an angle of 60 ° - 90 °. The branch is preferably set in mirror symmetry.

Both branching ducts 8a, 8b respectively configure a reservoir connection 9a, 9b, through which a flexible shell of the reservoir 5, which configures a housing space 6, is connected to the cleaning lance 2. In addition, in the two branching ducts 8a, 8b, protection bells 4 are placed, as already described above. Protection bell 4 is optional. In addition, it can also be configured in another way.

Through the symmetrical configuration of the duct branch, the explosive gas mixture conducted through the common inner tube 8 is divided into the branching place uniformly into two gas streams, which circulate through the branch duct 8a, 8b respectively to the tank shells 5. The tank shells 5 are inflated in this case evenly.

According to Figure 2, a supply installation may be associated with corresponding supply lines, valve arrangements, etc. as well as a control installation with corresponding control conduits according to the example of embodiment of figure 1. In addition, the cleaning lances according to the examples of embodiment according to figures 2 to 5 can also find application in the embodiment example according to figure one.

Figures 3 to 5 show other ways of carrying out branches 72, 82, 92 in the extreme section of the cleaning side of a cleaning lance 70, 80, 90, which make it possible to place several wrappers of the tank in

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a common cleaning lance. A first embodiment according to Figure 3 shows a Y-branch, as already described in connection with the example of embodiment according to Figure 2. The feed line 98 for the explosive gas mixture branches in a manner similar to the embodiment according to figure 2 in the form of Y in two branch ducts 98a, 98b, which respectively configure, on the end side, a connection of the tank 93a, 93b.

According to the exemplary embodiment according to Figure 4, the feed duct 88 also configures a branch 82, in which the feed duct 88 is divided into two branch ducts 88a, 88b. The branching ducts 88a, 88b respectively constitute a connection of the tank 83a, 83b, respectively. Unlike Figure 3, here the branch is configured in a T-shape, so that the branching ducts 88a, 88b branch at a right angle to the feed duct 88. Correspondingly, the two branching ducts 88a, 88b are on a common line.

According to the embodiment according to Figure 5, the supply duct 78 configures a first T-shaped branch 72a similar to the embodiment according to Figure 4. The branching ducts 78a, 78b resulting therefrom branch now, respectively, again, under the configuration of branches 72b, 72c again in the form of T. From these branches, two branches of branch 78aa, 78ab and 78ba, 78bb are respectively derived, at whose ends it is provided , respectively, a connection of the tank 73a, 73b, 73c, 73d. Through the double branch, four tank connections 73a, 73b, 73c, 73d are configured in the cleaning lance 70 for a total of four tank shells. Also here the ramifications are configured in mirror symmetry.

In principle, according to the aforementioned principle of several branches connected in series, more than four tank connections can also be provided in a cleaning lance.

Claims (13)

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Five fifty 1. - Device (1, 21) for the elimination of depositions in containers (50) by means of explosion technology, which contains at least one longitudinal component (2, 22) with an extreme section on the side of the handle and an extreme section on the side of the cleaning (3a, 3b; 23a, 23b), in which in the extreme section (3b, 23b) of the cleaning side a flexible shell of the tank (5, 25) can be introduced which it configures a housing space (6, 26) in a connection of the tank (9a, 9b, 49), which also contains at least one feed duct (7; 30a, 30b, 31a, 31b) for the feeding of a explosive fluid mixture or its starting components in the housing space (6, 26) of the tank envelope (5, 25), as well as ignition means (32) for igniting the explosion in the tank envelope (5 , 25) and a control installation (33) for ignition control, characterized in that the device (1, 21) contains at least one long component original (2), which configures at least two tank connections (9a, 9b) for the connection, respectively, of a tank envelope (5), in which the control installation (33) is designed in common, so that the ignition of the explosions in the wrappers of the container (5, 25) can be carried out through the common control installation (33). 2. - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (21) has several longitudinal components (22), respectively, with at least one connection of the tank (49) for the connection of a shell of the tank (25) , and the ignition of the explosions in the tank shells (25) can be carried out through the common control installation (33). 3. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the device (1) contains a common filling installation (10) for conditioning or the preparation and / or feeding of the liquid starting components and / or soda. 4. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the longitudinal component (2) has at least one feed duct guided from the end section of the handle side (3a) to the end section (3b) on the cleaning side for the explosive mixture or for a component, and the at least one feed duct branches in the end section (3b) of the clean side in at least two branching ducts, which lead respectively to at least one connection of the deposit (9a, 9b). 5. - Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the branching ducts (8a, 8b) form with the longitudinal median axis (M) of the feed duct (8), respectively, an angle (a) greater than 0 °, in particular greater than 20 °. 6. - Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the branching ducts (78a, 78b) branch, respectively, into two other branching ducts (78aa, 78ab; 78ba, 78bb). 7. - Device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the branch of the feed duct (8) is configured in mirror symmetry in at least two branch ducts (8a, 8b) towards the longitudinal median axis (M) of the feeding duct (8). 8. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the device (1, 21) has a common supply installation (39, 41) for the explosive mixture or its components, from which the power is fed explosive mixture or its components through supply lines (30a, 31a; 30b, 31b) to the tank connections (9a, 9b; 49). 9. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the supply of the explosive mixture or its components to the individual connections of the tank (9a, 9b; 49) can be controlled through an installation of common control (33). 10. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that time delay means (48) are provided, which allow the control installation (33) to carry out the ignition of the explosion in a shell of the tank (25) delayed in time with respect to another shell of the deposit (25). 11. - Procedure for the elimination of depositions in containers (60) by means of explosion technology using a device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by the following steps: - introducing the at least one longitudinal component (2, 22) with its extreme section (3b, 23b) on the cleaning side in the interior space (61) of a container (60) to be cleaned; - filling the at least two reservoir wraps (5, 25) with an explosive mixture or its components; - ignition of the explosive mixture in the at least two tank shells (5, 25) through the common control installation (33). 12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the filling of at least two envelopes 12 The deposit (5, 25) with an explosive mixture or its components is carried out through the common control installation (33). 13. Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the device (1, 21) contains at least two longitudinal components (2, 22) that can be positioned independently of each other, and the connections of the tank (9a, 9b; 49) with the tank wraps (5, 25) are positioned in the interior space (61) to be cleaned from the container (60) such that the pressure waves of the two explosions overlap.