ITRM20120029U1 - DEVICE FOR CLEANING DUCTS IN THE OVEN BOILERS FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Description

Device for cleaning the ducts present in the boilers of the furnaces for the production of energy.

Incinerators are plants mainly used for the disposal of waste by means of a high temperature combustion process (incineration) which gives as final products a gaseous effluent, ash and dust.

In the most modern plants, the heat developed during the combustion of waste is recovered and used to produce steam used for the production of electricity or as a heat carrier

These plants with recovery technologies are referred to as incinerators with energy recovery, or more commonly waste-to-energy plants.

In these plants as well as in those that burn coal or RDF, one of the main problems is the strong accumulation of residues on the pipes inside which the water or steam or diathermic oil flows.

These residues cause significant inconvenience to the system, greatly reducing its yield and production.

In order to try to solve this problem, methods and devices have been developed for cleaning the pipes from waste so as to try to keep them sufficiently clean and therefore have a satisfactory and constant efficiency of the system.

One of the methods that is traditionally used for cleaning the pipes of ovens that burn garbage, coal or other is that of intervening by means of suitable devices that shoot sand or the like against the pipes causing the detachment of the encrustations; this method, although simple and effective, has some drawbacks:

- the intervention can only be performed with the system turned off and cold, so it is necessary to wait a few days for the oven to cool down, after which cleaning can be carried out;

- the cleaning intervention is also harmful to the operators who have to perform the work in an environment saturated with dirt;

- turning off the oven causes considerable economic damage resulting from the non-use of the oven and the cost of restarting the oven and bringing it back to operating temperature;

- the intervention causes the deterioration of metals due to corrosion due to the use of aggressive media.

Other cleaning methods involve the use of explosion obtained and made in different ways

Cleaning by means of explosion is for example the method described in US patent 4 089 702 particularly suitable for cleaning cavities in which descaling is obtained by exploding an explosive mixture positioned in the cavity.

The method described in patent DE 36 00 100 provides for a pressure washer whose cleaning force is multiplied by the explosion of a gas cartridge

In patent FR 2 445 186 the explosive material is introduced into special holes made in the slag or in special ducts fixed during the construction of the plant, introducing and exploding the explosive material inserted in the slag or in the ducts causes the detachment of the slag

A further method is described in EP 1226881 in which an explosive mixture composed of acetylene and oxygen, present in a closed container is placed in the vicinity of the pipes to be cleaned and then ignited for example with an electric discharge or due to the high temperature 700/800 < 0> existing in the oven that melts the container and allows the mixture to explode; the method is implemented by means of a device consisting of a closable tube with an open end and an ignition device and one for the introduction of the gas mixture, for example a bag made of polyethylene positioned in the tube with an overpressure; the tube is then positioned with the open end near the surface to be cleaned in such a way that by exploding the mixture, the slag detaches.

Patent EP 1 362 213 also describes a method for cleaning by means of explosive material in which the components of the explosive mixture are produced on the spot or in the vicinity of the encrustations to be removed; the patent provides that the method is applied by means of a tube to be inserted in the system to be cleaned, in the tube, after positioning, the components that form the explosive mixture are made to flow into the system, pass through the lance and arrive in a container with thin walls applied on the tubular device which is placed near the encrustations and the explosive mixture is detonated.

The object of the present invention is a device which uses the known technique of cleaning pipes by means of explosions and therefore allows it to be used both with a hot oven and with a cold oven.

According to the present invention, the device comprises a lance similar to a compressed air rifle, one end of which is connected by means of suitable conduits to a container with propellant and at the opposite end is placed a cartridge containing a known explosive mixture among the explosive mixtures stable.

The lance that we can define as a rifle or cartridge lance gun, connected as mentioned to a container with propellant, is equipped with a command suitable for discharging against the cartridge containing the explosive mixture a quantity of compressed air capable of firing at high / very high speed against 1 pipes. of the oven, the cartridge contains the mixture that will explode on impact causing the detachment of the slag.

The invention will now be described in an exemplary but non-limiting embodiment given with reference to the attached drawings in which:

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment diagram of the device according to the present invention

Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a rifle / pistol according to the present invention

Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a station for making the propellant to be supplied to the gun.

With reference to said drawings, the device according to the present invention is composed of:

- a shotgun or cartridge lance gun (1)

-a dosing machine (2) containing the propellant cylinders

- a flexible duct (3) that connects the shotgun / gun launch cartridge (1) to the dosing machine (2)

- a device (4) for opening / closing the propellant supply to the shotgun / cartridge lance gun (1)

- a handle (5) to allow you to safely direct the shot of the cartridge inside the oven

- a cartridge (6) loaded with a known explosive mixture, capable of exploding at the moment of impact at high / very high speed against the slag present in the furnace

According to the present invention, the cartridge lance gun / pistol (1) is in a preferred embodiment connected to a metering machine (2) which contains the propellant mixture cylinders which through the duct (3) is fed to the lance gun / gun (1) . The shotgun / pistol launch cartridge (1) has a mouth (9) on which a cartridge (6) is inserted inside which there is one of the mixtures known for the characteristic of exploding on impact at very high speed against a rigid body .

During use, the cartridge lance gun / gun (1) is introduced into the oven through the manhole door (7) and directed against the encrustations (8) to be removed.

The cartridge lance gun / pistol (1) is equipped with a command such as a trigger (4) which opens a valve which discharges, at a sufficient pressure, the propellant contained in the metering machine (2) against the cartridge (6) or against a suitable means to cause its ejection and launch at very high speed.

The cartridge (6) fired by the cartridge lance gun (1) crashes into the encrustations (8) to be removed, explodes and causes them to detach.

As an alternative to the configuration described, the propellant necessary for launching the cartridge can be previously loaded into the shotgun / cartridge launcher gun (1)

In a further alternative, the cartridge (6) can be loaded in advance inside the shotgun / gun lance cartridge (1)

The described device has the advantage of being extremely simple and cheap to make and not requiring highly specialized personnel for its use but simply trained in the use of the cartridge lance gun. >

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Device for cleaning the ducts present in the boilers of the furnaces for the production of energy characterized by including: - a shotgun / pistol launch cartridge (1) in which the propellant for launching the cartridge is present or added - a device (4) for opening / closing the propellant supply to the shotgun / cartridge lance gun (1) - a handle (5) to allow you to safely direct the shot * of the cartridge inside the oven - a cartridge (6) loaded with a known explosive mixture, capable of exploding at the moment of impact at high / very high speed against the slag present in the furnace 2. Device for cleaning the pipes present in the boilers of the furnaces for the production of energy according to claim (1) characterized in that the cartridge lance gun / gun (1) is provided with a mouth (9) capable of retaining the cartridge (6) until the moment of firing. 3. Device for cleaning the ducts present in the boilers of the furnaces for the production of energy according to claim (1) characterized by the fact that the cartridge (6) is placed before firing inside the cartridge lance gun rifle (1). 4. Device for cleaning the pipes present in the boilers of the furnaces for the production of energy according to claim (1) characterized in that the propellant necessary for the cartridge lance gun (1) for launching the cartridge (6) is supplied by a dosing machine (2) connected to the shotgun / cartridge lance gun (1) by means of a pipe (3) 5. Device for cleaning the pipes present in the boilers of the furnaces for the production of energy according to claim (1) characterized in that the propellant necessary for the cartridge lance gun (1) for launching the cartridge (6) is previously loaded in the shotgun / pistol lance cartridge (1). 6. Device for cleaning the pipes present in the boilers of the furnaces for the production of energy according to claim (1) characterized in that the cartridge (6) is filled with liquid. known powder or compounds capable of causing the slag to detach from the walls of the furnace 7. Device for cleaning the pipes present in the boilers of the furnaces for the production of energy according to claim (1) characterized in that the propellant necessary for the cartridge lance gun (1) for launching the cartridge (6) is supplied by cylinders .