ES2584425A1 - Waste separation device (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Waste separation device, formed by screen cloths (2), inclined with rotary or oscillatory movement to separate the fine fraction residues that fall into holes (3) of screen, fraction of rolling towards the bottom (2a) and flat fraction towards the top (2b). Said recesses (3) are determined by parallel transverse strips (4), divided by vertical strips (5), and incorporates baffle plates (6) inclined towards the lower area (2a) of rollers, consisting of transverse and inclined plates fixed the strips cross sections (4) of at least one of the panels (2), between said transverse strips (4) and the recesses (3), determining an inclined transverse surface (6a) with respect to the surface of the screens (2), facing the lower area (2a) of rolling. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

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conveniently set out in the final claims that accompany the present description.

Specifically, the waste separating device proposed by the invention consists of a ballistic separator formed by two or more cloths or paddles (although also applicable to single cloth) inclined, and with 3D screens, sheet metal screens flat, or others, in any case, with the particularity of incorporating, in one, several or all the transverse plates that determine the holes of the sieve, in one, several or all of its cloths, deflector plates formed by inclined transverse plates, which are oriented so that they determine an inclined transverse surface with respect to the surface of the screen and which faces the rolling area, that is, towards the lower or lower part of the corresponding cloth.

Thus, while in conventional sieves, especially in those previously described called 3D, when the materials strike on the edges of the vertical sheets that make up the sieve, the blow produced does not always throw the small material towards the rolling side, with the described deflector plate of the recommended device, on the rolling side of the screen, there is an inclined plate oriented so that if an object (small above all), hits this plate, the result is the direct launch of the small object towards The rolling side.

In this way the objects, instead of bouncing in a ridge, when they are hit by the movement of the equipment, collide in most of the times with the inclined flat face of the deflector, so that they will almost invariably be dismissed towards the part pointing said surface, that is, towards the rolling area.

In the preferred embodiment, the device incorporates multiple deflector plates on its surface, which form a kind of sawtooth with a sufficient surface inclined towards the lower zone or rolling zone, and another vertical surface or face oriented towards the upper zone or planar extraction area, with holes between “tooth” and “tooth” that determine the sieve holes in which the fine fraction will be obtained.

These baffle plates facing the rolling side are valid to be incorporated into a waste separator device configured by any type of ballistic and any

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Increase the number of existing holes, so that the investment in necessary hours of cleaning is not penalized, but quite the opposite, since the rolling deflector face is practically clean and only the vertical face oriented to planners should be scratched.

In addition, and to avoid the effects that produce a failure in the separation performance of "planners and wheels", and taking into account that the main effect that the ballistic uses for the segregation of materials is the beating, the recommended device also contemplates, as a preferred option, the possibility of causing a striking action in the waste stream, just at the moment of contribution to the ballistic, by means of the existence of an impact plate with a specific geometry that makes the materials with greater rigidity possess, due to when hitting said impact plate, fall further and in a different area than "non-rigid" materials, which do not experience rebound when hitting the impact plate.

Thus, by means of the installed baffle plate, two areas of appearance of residues on the ballistic are generated: a zone of rigid materials (they have been differentiated by their rebound capacity), and a zone of non-rigid materials that have not generated rebound in The moment of impact. The favorable zone on the ballistic so that the rigid and bounced elements appear is the rolling zone or low zone of the sieve, so the deflector plate must be placed so that those elements that bounce more, get closer to the lower zone of the ballistic screens. In this area, all the elements will bounce by hitting paddles, and in the absence of plastic or non-rigid elements, the probability of dragging a rolling to planners is greatly reduced.

On the other hand, the area of appearance of the non-rigid fraction or that does not generate rebound after hitting the impact deflector plate, is the area immediately above the area of appearance of the rigid or rolling, and the direction of evacuation of these planners or non-rigid is precisely towards the upper part of the sieve, so that in this way it will not intercept any rolling, thus avoiding and largely the loss of rolling both by "drag" or "burial" of the fraction rolling, already commented.

The residue is normally supplied to the ballistic through a tape of a certain width, and the ballistic is usually much wider, so the impact plate will be such that it distributes the waste across the entire ballistic. To generate this expansion in the distribution, the impact plate said plate presents in its geometry a bulge

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an inclined transverse surface (6a) with respect to the surface of the sieve cloths (2) and facing the lower area (2a) of rollers, as shown in Figure 2.

In the preferred embodiment, the device incorporates groups of multiple deflector plates

(6)

which determine toothed sections (6b) in the different cloths (2) with an inclined transverse surface (6a) towards the lower zone (2a), determined by the deflector plates (6) and an opposite vertical surface, preferably determined by the transverse plates (4), oriented towards the upper area (2b) between which the sieve holes (3) are located in which the fine fraction will be obtained.

Finally, Figures 3 to 5 show how, in the preferred option of the invention, it is further contemplated that the described device (1) has an impact plate (7) incorporated in the waste supply hopper (8), normally fed from a tape

(9)

 provided above.

As seen in Figure 3, said impact plate (7) is configured as a bulged configuration protrusion located at the bottom of the surface of the hopper (8), which, preferably, is determined by a shaped piece of semicono whose vertex (7a) is oriented upwards and whose base (7b) is oriented downwards, thereby forming a surface in the center of the lower part of the hopper (8) that is gradually enlarged and raised, causing that, when the waste falls and strikes it, when these are rigid (represented in figures 4 and 5 by thick dashed lines) make them bounce towards a lower area of the sieve cloths (2), and therefore, more near the lower zone (2a) of rolling stock, while when they are not rigid (represented by fine dashed lines in said figures 4 and 5), as they do not bounce, they fall closer to the upper zone (2b) where it is collected the fraction of planners.

As can be seen in Figure 4, when the supply belt (9) is placed on the upper side (2a) of the sieve cloths (the planar side), the impact plate (7) is incorporated into the hopper ( 8) on the surface thereof that is just below said tape (9), while, when the supply tape (9) is arranged on the opposite side, that is, on the lower side (2b) of the cloths , the impact plate (8) will be arranged on the surface of the hopper (8) that faces the belt (9) and in the path of fall of the residue, so that the elements that bounce, fall into the most low of the cloths (2) of sieve.

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Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any person skilled in the art understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it, stating that, within its essentiality, it may be carried out in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and to which it will also achieve the protection that is sought provided that it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle .

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Claims (1)

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