ES2582201T3 - Step structure or platform structure for step units of a translation device, step units and translation device - Google Patents

Abstract

Lower step structure (17) or lower platform structure for a step or platform of a translation device (1), the lower step structure (17) or platform comprising: - a rear cross member (22) and a cross member front (24), which define a plane (E3) to receive the step-forming element (9); - two outer step sides (20.1, 20.2) or platform sides, one of the step sides (20.1) or platform sides being arranged to the right and one of the 10 step sides (20.2) or platform sides arranged on the left, essentially perpendicular to the crossbars (22, 24), the two crossbars (22, 24) being made of sheet metal for deep drawing and welded or joined or riveted or screwed or glued or riveted to the sides of the step (20.1, 20.2) or the sides of the platform to form a load-bearing frame, characterized in that the height (H2) of the crossbars (22, 24) is less at their ends than the height (H3) of the crossbars (22, 24) in the center, so that the crossbars (22, 24) have a convex shape, and characterized in that the height (H3) of the crossbars (22, 24) in the center is at least 1.5 times greater and at most the twice as large as the height (H2) of the crossbars (22, 24) at their ends, so that a uniform stress distribution under load results in the crossbars (22, 24).

Description

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

SCALE STRUCTURE OR PLATFORM STRUCTURE FOR PASSING UNITS OF A TRANSPORTATION DEVICE, PASSING UNITS AND TRANSFER DEVICE

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a lower step structure or lower platform structure for translation devices according to the preamble of claim 1, to step units, ie steps or platforms, with such lower step structure or lower platform structure and translation devices with such step units. In the following, the terms lower structure or substructure will be used interchangeably.

Current state of the art

In the sense of the invention, the transfer devices, which can also be referred to as transport devices, are escalators and mobile aisles with a plurality of step units, ie steps or mobile aisle platforms, which are joined forming a conveyor without finish. The users of the translation devices are standing on the passing units or walking on the passing units in the same direction of movement in which the translation devices move forward or move.

In the escalators, the step units are constituted by escalator steps, referred to in the following steps, and in the mobile aisles the step units are constituted by mobile aisle platforms, denominated in the following platforms. The escalators save, with a relatively large angle of inclination, important height differences, such as the height between two floors. The mobile aisles instead extend horizontally or with a slight inclination, but generally with smaller angles of inclination than the escalators.

Normally, such translation devices comprise drive sections, which are configured as step chains or platform chains. To simplify, in what follows we speak only of drive sections. These drive sections are actuated to move the steps or platforms in the direction of transport and, according to the current state of the art, are provided at regular intervals of some, so called, step rollers or platform rollers (rolling rollers , chain rollers). These rolling rollers move or roll along some raceways. In the area of the ends of the translation devices, the drive sections move with the rolling rollers around some reversing wheels (for example chain wheels) and thus effect a change of direction. Instead of the crazy rollers, sliding elements can also be used. The sliding elements or the rolling elements (rolling rollers) are fixed directly to a chain of steps or platforms, which serves as a driving section as described above.

In addition to the chains of steps or platforms, with the sliding or rolling elements attached to them, two other rollers are required for each step or platform, which are called crazy rollers and that roll along separate guide rails.

Until now, the steps or the platforms were relatively expensive to manufacture or to melt and also expensive, since they have to be very firm and torsion-proof in themselves. In addition, the steps or platforms must be manufactured with great accuracy, to ensure a safe, smooth and smooth ride. An essential element of each step or platform is the substructure of the step or platform, which has an essential solid support function. The lower structure has to be very firm, stable, torsion-proof and light, which causes a great expense or use of material and costs of processing and manufacturing by pressure casting.

Different proposals have already been made to reduce the weight of the lower structure of the steps or platforms.

In DE 2051802 A1 it is proposed to manufacture the lower structure in foamed plastic. This is light, but it is neither firm nor has a long duration.

According to GB 2216825, the lower structure of the platforms consists of a framework formed by four metal angles, within which three angular slats are provided. In the case of the steps, only the three angular slats are provided together with two sides of the step. These metal angles or angular slats are thick and therefore heavy.

According to JP 08-245152 A, two lower crossings in the form of solid metal angles are provided as a lower step structure, which cooperate with two step sides.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

Document DD 69443 refers to a step for escalators, in which lateral sides are joined in one piece to a front part. The front part is covered by a seating element. On this bent element a sheet is supported that serves as support for a passage element. Thus, in sum, very massive sheet metal is used here.

Finally, JP 10-45365 also describes a structure that consists of solid metal angles.

Especially for a more economical first equipment of translation devices, there is a desire to replace the steps and platforms with more economical parts, but without the smooth running, the ride qualities, the resistance, the robustness, the reliability and the Stability are impaired by it. In addition, the manufacturing process must be simplified and accelerated. Nor should the weight be increased, so as not to damage the rolling qualities.

Exhibition of the invention

Technical problem

The aim of the invention is, therefore,

- create a lower step structure or lower platform structure of the type mentioned at the beginning for a translation device, which is more economical, but nevertheless satisfies all requirements or requirements profiles and makes possible a safe, smooth and smooth ride. shaking, do not be prone to failures and ensure a long operating time or a long service life.

In addition, the use or expense of material should be as small as possible:

- create a translation device of the type mentioned at the beginning that is more economical, that makes a safe, smooth and jerk-free ride possible, that is not prone to failures and that guarantees a long service life or a long operating time.

Technical solution

This objective is achieved according to the invention by means of the characteristics of claim 1 and the characteristics of claim 7.

A lower structure (supporting frame, supporting frame) or a lower platform structure according to the invention is arranged essentially below a passage element and, in the case of a step, also behind a riser element. The lower step structure or lower platform structure comprises a front cross member and a rear cross member or a rear cross member, which together define or determine a plane for housing a passing element. The passage element serves as a step footprint or step platform for passengers or travelers transported with the transfer device. In the lower step structure or the lower platform structure, two step sides or outer platform sides are provided, one of the step sides or platform sides arranged on the right and one of the step sides or platform sides arranged on the left in an essentially perpendicular way to the crossbars. A central longitudinal strut can be provided (central support or central strut or brace) that extends essentially parallel to the side of the step or sides of the platform and perpendicular to the two crossbars. The longitudinal strut joins the two crossbars. The crossbars are manufactured in sheet for deep drawing and welded or joined or robloned or screwed or riveted or glued to the sides of the step or to the sides of the platform forming a supporting framework. According to the invention, the height of the crossings at their ends is less than the height of the crossings in the center, so that the crossings have a bulging shape. According to the invention, the height of the crossings in the center is at least 1.5 times and at most twice as large as the height of the crossings at their ends, so that in the crossings a uniform distribution of stress is given under load.

Advantageous effects

In this way, in the center, where it is most needed, the mechanical stability is maximum and on the edge, where less mechanical stability is needed, weight is saved thanks to the lower height. Thus it is also possible to achieve stability with a relatively thin deep drawing sheet that approximates the stability of the already known thick and heavy plate angles, although the weight is considerably less.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

The dependent claims define preferred improvements to the substructure and the translation device according to the invention.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention is described in detail below by way of examples and with reference to the drawings. They show:

 Figure

 one

 Figure

 2

 Figure

 3A

 Figure

 3B

 Figure

 4A

 Figure

 4B

 Figure

 4C

 Figure

 4D

 Figure

 5A

 Figure

 5B

 Figure

 5C

 Figure

 6A

 Figure

 6B

 Figure

 6C

 Figure

 6D

 Figure

 7A

 Figure

 7B

 Figure

 8A

 Figure

 8B

 Figure

 8C

 Figure

 8D

 Figure

 9

 Figure

 10

 Figure

 eleven

 Figure

 12

 Figure

 13

 Figure

 14

 Figure

 fifteen

 Figure

 16

 Figure

 17

 Figure

 18

a translation device in the form of an escalator, in a partially cut side view;

a partial zone A of the translation device according to Figure 1, in an enlarged view; a perspective view from below of a complete step with a lower step structure according to the invention;

a perspective view of a complete step with a step substructure according to the invention, obliquely from below;

a perspective view obliquely from above and from behind the substructure of a step;

a top view of the substructure of a step or platform;

a sectional view (central) of a step substructure according to the invention;

a view from behind a step substructure according to the invention;

a perspective view of the front cross member of a step substructure according to the

invention, made of embedded sheet;

a perspective view of the rear cross member or the rear cross member of a step substructure according to the invention, made of embedded sheet metal;

a perspective view of the central beam of a step substructure according to the invention, made of embedded sheet metal;

a perspective view of a step side, from the inside; a perspective view of a step side, from the outside;

a perspective view of the embedded sheet of a step side from the inside, after having welded elements of the step side;

an enlarged perspective view of the embedded sheet metal on one side of the step from the inside;

a perspective view of the embedded riser element of a step according to the invention, from within and after having welded or glued or inserted fasteners;

a perspective view of the embedded passage element of a step or platform according to the invention from below, after having welded or glued or inserted fasteners;

first quick fixation elements usable; second quick fixation elements usable; a usable grip ring; a usable tightening washer;

the calculation of the stresses in the substructure of the step under different loads of the step;

a perspective view from above of a complete platform with a substructure according to the invention;

the same, in a perspective view from below;

a perspective view obliquely from above the substructure of a step;

the same, in a side view;

the same, in a view from above;

the same, in a frontal view;

a closure plate in a perspective view;

a platform side in a perspective view from within; Y

the same, in a perspective view from outside.

Modes of realization of the invention

The translation device 1 shown in Figure 1 is an escalator, which communicates a lower level E1 with a higher level E2. The translation device 1 has side rails 4, socket plates 3 and an endless conveyor with drive sections. As drive sections, two transport chains or step chains 15 parallel to each other are normally employed, which are provided with chain rollers 16 (see Figure 3B), to set the steps 2 in motion.

An endless handrail 10 is also provided. The handrail 10 moves in solidarity with or slightly in front of the drive sections or chain sections and the steps 2 or

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

platforms. With the reference symbol 7 the support or lattice structure is designated and with the reference symbol 3 the socket plate of the translation device 1.

The endless conveyor of the translation device 1 essentially comprises a plurality of step units (steps 2) and the two drive sections or chain of steps 15 arranged laterally, between which the steps 2 are arranged and to which the steps 2 are mechanically connected. In addition, the endless conveyor comprises a drive, not shown, as well as an upper inversion 12 and a lower inversion 13, which are respectively located in the upper and lower terminal areas of the translation device 1. The steps 2 have elements of step 9 (fingerprints).

As shown in Figure 1, the steps 2 extend obliquely upward from the lower inversion 13, which is in the lower level zone E1, to the upper inversion 12, which is in the upper level zone E2 In what follows, this zone, which goes from the lower investment 13 to the higher investment 12, will also be referred to as the transport zone or advance zone of the transfer device 1, since in this zone the fingerprints 9 of the steps 2 look upwards and therefore can accommodate and transport people. The backward movement of the steps 2 of the upper inversion 12 to the lower inversion 13 is carried out in a recoil zone, which here is also called the return zone 11. This return zone 11 is located below the aforementioned advance zone. During the recoil, that is in the return zone 11, the steps 2 "hang" with the fingerprints 9 down.

According to a first embodiment of the invention, which is shown in more detail in Figures 2 and 3A, steps 2 are used which, instead of the usual step substructure, comprise a lower step structure 17 formed by embedded elements. Examples of a corresponding step substructure 17 are shown from Figures 3A to 7B.

The substructure or substructure of step 17 has, among other things, two side steps of step 20 with rolling rollers 6 (also called crazy rollers) fixed thereto. These crazy rollers 6 are mechanically connected to the respective step sides 20 and are made so that they move or roll in the feed zone along a first guide rail 5.1 when the endless conveyor of the translation device 1 is in movement, as can be seen in Figure 2. In the present context, the first guide lanes 5.1 are also called forward guide rails, to highlight their function. In Figure 2, the extension or position of the chain of steps 15 with the chain rollers 16 (not shown in Figure 2) located therein is indicated only by line 8. In Figure 3B details of the arrangement of the chain of steps 15 and of the chain rollers 16 located therein. In this representation, the passage element 9 and the riser element 14 can be seen especially well.

Further details and details of the invention in relation to the following figures are described below. A perspective view of a complete substructure or substructure of step 17 according to the invention is shown in Figure 4A, together with the two lateral step sides 20.1, 20.2. Seen in the direction of travel, when the steps 2 move from level E1 to level E2, the side of step 20.1 is arranged to the right and the side of step 20.2 is arranged to the left of the step element 9. Each Side of step 20.1, 20.2 features a crazy roller 6.1, 6.2 and a chain shaft or chain pin shaft 21.1, 21.2. On the sides of step 20.1 and 20.2, at least one central recess 29 is provided, that is, an opening. In addition, each side of step 20.1 and 20.2 has a sheet metal flange 26 (sheet collar, sheet wall, sheet edge) (see, for example, Figures 6A to 6D), which has been configured during deep drawing. This sheet metal flange 26 extends essentially perpendicularly to the surface of the side of step 20.1 and of the side of step 20.2. The sheet metal flange 26 does not necessarily have to extend along the entire periphery of the side of step 20.1 or 20.2. It can also be present only partially or in sections. The peripheral sheet metal flange 26 can be seen well in Figures 6B and 6D.

In Figure 4A other details of the substructure 17 of the step 2 can be seen. The step substructure 17 comprises, in addition to the aforementioned side steps 20.1 and 20.2, for example also a front cross member 24, a rear cross member 22 and a crossbar central 23 (middle support or central support). Also these supports 22, 23, 24 can be manufactured according to the invention in embedded sheet. The supports and the sides of the step together form the substructure of the step or the so-called supporting frame or supporting frame.

In or on the step substructure 17, the passage element 9 and the riser element 14 are fixed. Figures 7A and 7B show a possibility for fixing these elements 9 and 14.

The supports 22, 23, 24 and the sides of step 20.1, 20.2 are welded or stolen or joined or screwed or glued together or riveted together. In order to join these elements with each other, spot welding or protrusion welding is preferably carried out. Here is another advantage of the

5

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

Invention: Since the sides of step 20.1, 20.2 are made of sheet steel or sheet steel or NIROSTA sheet (stainless steel) or zinc sheet or copper sheet, they can be welded or robbed or joined or screwed or glued or riveted without problem some with other sheet metal elements (for example the supports 22, 23, 24). In the case of spot welds or extrusion welds, it is also possible to use sheets subjected to hot or electrolytic galvanization, since with welding the surface protection against corrosion is not damaged. On the other hand, welding or smelting or pressure casting of aluminum elements is expensive and expensive and time consuming. The assembly of the elements of a step substructure by screws, as is sometimes done, is very expensive and does not offer the desired fatigue resistance or torsion stability or resistance.

A top view of a substructure or substructure of step 17 is shown in Figure 4B. The supports 22 and 24 define a plane E3 (see also Figure 4A). In Figure 4B, the plane E3 is in the plane of the drawing. The two supports 22 and 24 extend in this plane E3 parallel to each other. Centrally between the two supports 22, 24 is welded or robbed or attached or screwed or glued or riveted a central stringer (middle support or central support) 23 as a tie rod. In Figure 4B it can be seen that the supports 22 and 24 are provided with a series of discharge notches 18, to reduce the effect of notching with a dynamic load. These discharge notches 18 are in the buckling zone of the supports 22, 24.

In addition, some so-called fixation zones 19 are provided. In the fixing zones 19 they are configured, in the sheet or the steel plate or the NIROSTA plate or the zinc plate or the copper plate of the supports 22, 24 , slightly elevated islands or towers in relation to the surrounding sheet material. Centrally in these fixing areas 19, two holes are provided, so that a fixing bolt or plug-in bolt 37 can be passed through them (see also Figures 7A and 7B). With the fixing bolt or plug-in bolt 37, the passage element 9 is fixed to the supports 22, 24 and the riser element 14 is fixed to the rear cross member 22 and to a console 40 (see Figure 3B).

A sectional view along line A-A of Figure 4B is shown in Figure 4C. In this Figure 4C the inner side of the step side or side 20.2 can be seen on the one hand and on the other hand a side of the central beam 23 (middle support or central support). The crossbar 23 (middle support or central support) forms a "C-profile" whose opening faces upwards. That is to say that the stringer itself is slightly displaced down in relation to the plane E3.

Figure 4D shows a view from behind the step substructure 17. In this representation it can be seen that the lateral step sides 20.1, 20.2, are perpendicular to the crossings 22, 24, or to the plane E3. In Figure 4D three fixing zones 19 can be seen. In these three fixing zones 19 the riser element 14 is fixed. On the lower edge, the riser element 14 is fixed to a console 40. The console 40 extends between the two sides of the step or sides 20.1, 20.2 and is secured by means of fixing plates or fixing angles 40.1,40.2.

Unlike the step substructures known so far, according to the invention, elements are used (for example, the supports 22, 23, 24 and the sides of step 20.1, 20.2) whose shape and thickness are adapted to the respective mechanical loads. Until now, for example, the cross-members 22, 24 of the step substructure, which are sometimes also called sleepers, had a profile in simple cross-section, with an invariable cross-section along its entire length (i.e. width of the step). According to the invention, the crosspieces 22 and 24 are adapted with accuracy and precision to the loads that are presented, thereby saving material greatly.

In Figures 5A and 5B it can be seen that the two crossbars 22, 24 have a height that increases towards the center, the two ends being significantly smaller. In the support 24, for example, the height H2 on one side is ostensibly less than the height H3 in the center (see Figure 4D), with H3 being able to be almost twice H2. In other words, the supports 22, 24 have a downwardly domed shape. This conformation takes into account the fact that the highest mechanical loads occur in the center of step 2 or the platform. With this bulging shape, an invariable flow of force is also possible, and tensions can be absorbed in a uniform and constant manner. In addition, the crossbars 22, 24 are made as "supports of equal resistance". The result is, therefore, an invariable distribution of the stresses and an invariable or uniform tension in the traverse 22 and in the traverse 24.

The positive advantages achieved by the present invention have been demonstrated and mathematically confirmed in the computer by simulations by the finite element method (fEm).

Figure 9 shows the tensions, calculated by FEM simulations, which occur in the rear cross-member 22 when the escalator step 2 is subjected to a load of 0.5 kN or 1 kN, 2kN, 2.5 kN and 3 kN (representation from top to bottom).

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

In Figure 9, the values of the tensions are indicated by different shading, whose meaning is indicated in the legend that appears in the lower right part of Figure 9.

In Figure 9 it can be seen that, whatever the load of the step 2, the tensions reach their maximum values in the convexity of the rear cross member 22 facing downwards.

However, in this area the voltages never exceed the value of 740 N / mm2, even when the step is loaded with 3 kN (see Figure 9, below). This value is below the breaking limit of the steel. Therefore, the step meets the safety standards despite the low thickness of the sheet used.

Viewed from one side, that is to say in cross-section, both supports 22, 24 essentially have an L-shape, one side of the L-profile being found in the plane E3 and the second side in a plane perpendicular to it.

Especially preferred are supports 22, 24 having an asymmetric U-shape, with a lateral branch of the U-profile being considerably shorter and the other, longer, branch having the domed shape already described. By deep drawing, both L-shaped and U-shaped profiles can be produced without any problem. In deep drawing, a body is produced from the flat cross-section of the sheet (for example sheet of a steel coil). hollow or a body or a support or a hollow support or a sleeper with a sheet thickness as uniform as possible.

The front cross member 24 preferably has smaller dimensions than the rear cross member 22, since the rear cross member 22 is arranged in the area of the step edge (edge between the passage element 9 and the riser element 14) and there is subjected to strong loads, that is to say stronger loads than the front cross-member 24. Among other things, the length L1 is less than the length L2 (see Figure 4B), the length being measured in the direction of travel. The front cross member 24 has smaller dimensions or is smaller than the rear cross member 22 in order to optimize the weight and save material. In this way, material savings and minimum weight are achieved. Therefore, a sizing of the crossbars 22, 24 or of the optimized substructure in terms of weight and in terms of stresses can be carried out and achieved in the best possible conditions.

Figure 5C shows the central crossbar 23 (middle support or central support or central strut or strut). The crossbar 23 has the shape of a flat C profile, the two lateral branches being able to have the same length, that is to say the same height. Seen in cross section, that is to say in a section plane B-B that extends parallel to one of the crossbars 22, 24, the beam 23 has a symmetrical U-shape. The lateral branches 23.3 and 23.4 of the U profile have, depending on the position of the section plane, a different length or height and are optimized for weight. In the two terminal areas of the beam 23, there are preferably tongues 23.1, which are bent outwards or inwards. These different tabs 23.1 allow welding or robbing or screwing or gluing or riveting without any problem the crossbar 23 to the crossbars 22, 24 internally. Some of these tongues 23.1 have been provided with a reference number in Figure 5C.

When mounting and welding or robbing or screwing or gluing or riveting the step substructure 17, the crossbar 23 is not mounted in the position shown in Figure 5C, but on the reverse, then looking at the flat area 23.2 of the U-profile, which joins the two lateral branches 23.3 and 23.4, in the opposite direction to the passage element 9 or the footprint of step 2.

Other details or details of a left side of step 20.2 can be seen in Figures 6A to 6D. The side of step 20.2 is "equipped" with all the elements and can be integrated into the substructure of step 17 or welded thereto in the manner shown. In Figures 6A and 6D it can be seen that in the area of a step eye 32 (also called eye for chain pin roller) a chain pin axis 21.2 or chain roller axis is inserted or inserted. A bearing bushing (which cannot be seen in the drawings) can be pressed into the step eye 32, to then accommodate the chain pin shaft 21.2. The chain pin shaft 21.2 or chain roller shaft preferably consists of a plug-in shaft. The plug-in shaft can be made with a calibrated housing drill. The chain roller shaft 21.2 or chain pin shaft serves as a drag stop or clamp for the step or platform in the chain or transport chain 15 (see Figure 3B).

The step eye 32 is completely defined by the sheet or steel sheet or NIROSTA sheet or zinc sheet or embedded copper sheet, or is completely surrounded by the sheet.

In addition, the side of step 20.2 has a crazy roller eye 30. A bearing bushing (see Figure 6D) can also be pressed under pressure, to then accommodate a crazy roller shaft 25 (see Figure 6A) or a roller pivot The idler roller shaft 25 or the roller pivot can be secured with a nut or directly welded or secured by welding seams. The idler roller shaft 25 or the roller pin preferably consists of a plug-in shaft or a plug-in pin. The crazy roller shaft 25 or the roller pivot serves as the axis for the crazy roller 6.2.

7

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

The crazy roller eye 30 is also preferably completely defined by the embedded sheet or is completely surrounded or surrounded by the sheet, as can be seen for example in Figure 6D.

In the area of the crazy roller eye 30, the side of step 20.2 may be reinforced or propped up or covered from the inside with a closing plate 27. This closing plate 27 (also called the closing plate) can be welded directly into a cavity or a hollow part or a hollow nerve or a step (side) beam, which is formed during deep drawing. A similar second closing plate 34 may be provided in the area of the step eye 32 (see Figure 6A). The 2nd closing plate 34 may be configured or formed as an additional bearing housing.

Other details or details of a side of step 20.2 are shown in Figures 6C and 6D. As can be seen, the embedded sheet is provided with the recess or opening 29. This recess 29 is preferably produced after deep drawing, by cutting or punching the sheet. In addition, the eyes 30 and 32 already mentioned can or could be subjected to a prior punching before being provided with a peripheral sheet collar 31 or 33 by deep drawing. The so-called eyes 30 and 32 are preferably produced after deep drawing by cutting or trimming or piercing. Processing after deep drawing has the advantage that a uniform thickness of the collar is thus achieved. That is to say that the eyes have, or the eye has, a bearing support or bearing or bearing length or bearing depth or uniform bearing width, uniform wall thickness or wall thickness and exact centering . The peripheral sheet metal collars 3l and 33 facilitate a firm mounting of the sliding bushing or of the sliding bushes for the respective shafts 21.2 and 21.1 or for the pivot or for the idler roller shaft 25.

In addition, sufficient stability is conferred on the side of the step by means of additional molded parts 28 and additional moldings 28. The sheet metal flange 26 also gives the very deep or very large stability to the thin sheet for deep drawing.

In Figure 7A only one half of a riser element 14, seen from behind, is shown. The riser element 14 preferably consists of a sheet element, which has been given the desired shape by deep drawing or preferably by double deep drawing. As usual on escalator steps 2 or on platforms, the surface of the riser element 14 has grooves and ribs, which in Figure 7A can be seen from behind. In Figure 3B the front side of the riser element 14 with the grooves and ribs can be seen. In the example shown, a first fixing plate 35 and a second fixing plate 38 are welded or fixed to the rear side of the riser element 14. Preferably, several welding points 36 and / or bolting points and / or screws are provided and / or gluing points and / or riveting points, for fastening the fixing plates 35, 38 to the rear side of the riser element 14. In Figure 7A the respective welding points 36 or fixing points can be seen. In the fixing plates 35, 38 or reinforcing plates, outgoing fixing zones are provided, which are arranged so that during assembly they are located on the corresponding fixing zones 19 of the step substructure 17.

As can be seen in Figure 7A, fixing bolts or plug-in bolts 37 can be inserted from behind, through holes, in the fixing plates 35, 38. Welding or fixing the fixing plates 35, 38 to the rear side of the riser element prevents these fixing bolts or plug-in bolts 37 from coming out. If the riser element 14 is now pushed with its rear side against the step substructure 17, the fixing bolts or plug-in bolts 37 are housed in holes that are provided in the fixing areas 19 of the step substructure 17. The fixing bolts or plug-in bolts 37 are introduced through the holes in the fixing areas 19 of the step substructure 17 to such a extent that, from the rear side (ie from inside the step substructure 17), They can be placed on top of the fixing bolts or plug-in bolts 37, or quickly mounted on them, quick fasteners 37.1, 37.2 or other tightening washers or other grip rings or other fasteners 41.

In Figure 7B, only one half of a passage element 9 or a fingerprint, seen from below, is shown. The passage element 9 or the footprint preferably consists of a sheet element, which has been given the desired shape by deep drawing. As usual on escalator steps 2 or on platforms, the surface of the passage element 9 or the footprint has grooves and ribs, which in Figure 7B can be seen from below. In Figure 3B the upper side of the passage element 9 or the footprint with the grooves and ribs can be seen. In the example shown, several fixing plates 39 are welded or fixed to the lower side of the passage element 9 or of the track. Preferably, several welding points 36 and / or robloning points and / or screws and / or points of welding are provided. glued and / or riveted points, to fasten the fixing plates 39 or reinforcement plates to the rear side of the step or fingerprint 9. In Figure 7B the respective welding points 36 or fixing points 36 can be seen. In fixing plates 39 or reinforcing plates, fixing zones are provided.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

projections, which are arranged so that during assembly they are located on the corresponding fixing areas 19 of the step substructure 17.

As can be seen in Figure 7B, similar or equal fixing bolts or plug-in bolts 37 can be inserted from behind through holes in the fixing plates 39. Welding or fixing the fixing plates 39 to the lower side of the passage element 9 o of the fingerprint prevents these fixing bolts or plug-in bolts 37 from coming out. If the passage element or the footprint 9 is now pushed with its rear side against the step substructure 17, the fixing bolts 37 or plug-in bolts are housed in holes that are provided in the fixing areas 19 of the step substructure 17. The fixing bolts or plug-in bolts 37 are introduced through the holes in the fixing areas 19 of the step substructure 17 to a extent such that, from the bottom side (ie from inside the step substructure 17), quick fasteners 37.1, 37.2 or other clamping washers or other clamping rings or other fasteners 41 may be placed on top of the fixing bolts 37 or plug-in bolts, or snap-mounted on them.

Quick fixation elements 37.1, 37.2 are shown in Figures 8A to 8D which can be used according to the invention. It should be noted that the representations of Figures 8A and 8B are simplified representations. Neither the dimensions have been correctly represented, neither the steel plates or sheets or NIROSTA plates or zinc plates or copper plates rest flat on each other in the area of union.

In Figures 8A and 8B, a pivot-shaped fixing element is shown as fixing bolt 37 or plug-in bolt. This fixing bolt 37 or plug-in bolt is introduced through holes in the two pieces to be joined (for example in the 1st fixing plate 35 and in the crossbar 22). A quick fastening element 37.1 or 37.2 (with a curved or arched vaulting or an armature or a vaulting or a curved vaulting) cap, or without cover or cap or cap). In this way, the fixing plate 35 is fixed to the cross member 22 together with the riser element 14 welded or stolen or screwed or glued or riveted thereto.

Figures 8C and 8D show other fasteners or clamping washers or clamping rings 41 that can be placed or tightened on the pivot without grooves of a fixing bolt 37 or plug-in bolt, to fix the fixing bolt 37 and the corresponding deep drawing sheets 22, 35. A metal clamping ring 41 is shown in Figure 8C and a metal clamping washer 41 is shown in Figure 8D.

For the pieces of the step substructure 17, a sheet for deep drawing H380 or H400 is preferably used, the numbers 380 and 400 indicating the elastic limit in N / mm2. These plates are especially suitable because they have a tensile breakage limit of at least 900 N / mm2. In addition, it is particularly advantageous for the sheets to have a tensile breakage limit of at least 1,100 N / mm2.

The thickness of the deep drawing sheet used will preferably be between 0.75 mm and 1.9 mm. A thickness of 1.1 to 1.6 mm is especially preferred.

If the sheet for deep drawing is chosen in accordance with the above, the step sides, or the step (s), will pass all the load tests of the EN 115 standard: safety standards for the construction and assembly of escalators and mobile platforms, as well as the AN - American National Standard - ASME A17.1 -2004: Safety code for elevators and escalators.

The sheet for deep drawing preferably has a surface coating. Especially preferred are surface coatings that are produced by dip varnishing.

Cathode dip varnishing (KTL) is particularly suitable.

The result of the KTL is a very uniform coating of the sheet for deep drawing, with uniform layer thicknesses and good surface quality. After the KTL treatment, the deep drawing sheet has a uniform and continuous layer of varnish. Especially good results are achieved if the KTL treatment is applied after deep drawing of the sheet.

It is also conceivable to apply the treatment by KTL before deep drawing. In addition, a use or an application with (pre) galvanized sheets or NIROSTA sheets or copper sheets is also feasible.

As already described, the invention can be applied not only to escalators, but also to mobile aisles. This is explained below by means of Figures 10 to 18. Many of the parts of the platform for the mobile aisle have their analogous part on the step for the escalator; This parts

9

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

they carry the same reference symbols, but provided with a quotation mark; thus, the platform step element carries the reference symbol 9 ', because the step step element bears reference 9. Whenever there is a coincidence with the step, the corresponding parts are not described again.

As can be seen especially in Figures 11 and 12, an essential difference between platform 2 'and step 2 is that on platform 2' the two crossbars 22 'and 24' have been produced by deep drawing from one piece. of sheet metal. It is true that - as explained in the case of the step - there is a bipartition in the center of the platform, so that the platform substructure 17 'is formed by two pieces of sheet metal in total; however, each piece of the platform substructure 17 'has both a part of the cross member 22' and a part of the cross member 24 '.

On a platform 2 'it is especially favorable that the platform substructure 17' can be symmetrically configured in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction. This allows the two pieces of the platform substructure 17 'to be identically formed. Analogously to the case of the step, discharge notches 18 'are provided.

In Figures 16 to 18, the design of platform sides 20.2 'can be seen, which are joined (for example, welded) to the platform substructure. Each side of platform 20.2 'has a crazy roller eye 30' and a platform eye 32 ', both surrounded by a sheet collar 31' or 33 'that has been produced by deep drawing. To reinforce the crazy roller eye 30 ', a closing plate 27' is used (see Figure 16), which has an opening 27 '' which serves to accommodate the crazy roller shaft. It is fixed (for example, welded) to the side of platform 20.2 'so that the opening 27' 'and the crazy roller eye 30' are coaxial (see Figure 11). In this way, the idler roller axis is housed in two axially separated points. Since the two chain pin shafts 21.1 'and 21.2' are joined together by the platform shaft 21.3 ', the platform eyes 32' are not subjected to torsional forces, so that no closing plate is necessary .

Platform shaft 21.3 'is housed in crossbar 23'. The union with the chain pin shafts 21.1 'and 21.2' is carried out by means of clamps 21.1 '' and 21.2 ''.

Claims (17)

Claims 5 10 fifteen twenty 2. 25 3. 30 Four. 35 40 5. Four. Five 6. fifty 7. 55 8. 9. 60 Lower step structure (17) or lower platform structure for a step or platform of a translation device (1), comprising the lower step structure (17) or platform: - a rear cross member (22) and a front cross member (24), which define a plane (E3) for receiving the step forming element (9); - two outer side steps (20.1, 20.2) or platform sides, one of the side steps (20.1) or platform sides arranged to the right and one of the side steps (20.2) or platform sides arranged at on the left, essentially perpendicular to the crossbars (22, 24), the two crossbars (22, 24) being made of sheet for deep drawing and welded or joined or robbed or screwed or glued or riveted to the side of the step ( 20.1, 20.2) or the platform sides to form a supporting framework, characterized in that the height (H2) of the crossbars (22, 24) is less at its ends than the height (H3) of the crossbars (22, 24) in the center, so that the crossbars (22, 24) have a bulging shape, and characterized in that the height (H3) of the crossbars (22, 24) in the center is at least 1.5 times greater and at most twice as large as the height (H2) of the crossbars (22, 24) at their ends , so that in the crossbars (22, 24) a uniform distribution of stress results under load. Lower step structure (17) or lower platform structure according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one stringer or a central support or a central strut or a tie rod (23) joins the two crossbars (22, 24), the stringer being or the central support or the central strut or the tie rod (23) made of sheet for deep drawing. Lower step structure (17) or lower platform structure according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the front cross member (24) and / or the rear cross member (22) are made up of a right cross section and a section of left traverse or have specular symmetry. Lower step structure (17) or lower platform structure according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one crossbar (22, 24) and / or at least one side of the step (20.1, 20.2) or platform side is composed of or composed of sheet for deep drawing, preferably sheet metal (fine ) H380 or H400 steel, and has or has a three-dimensional profile. Lower step structure (17) or lower platform structure according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one crossbar (22, 24) and / or at least one side of step (20.1, 20.2) or platform side is or are provided - one or more recesses (29) and / or - one or more moldings (28) or molded parts and / or - one or more discharge notches (18). Lower step structure (17) or lower platform structure according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thickness of the sheet is between 0.75 mm and 1.9 mm, preferably between 1.1 and 1.6 mm. Escalator step (2) with a lower step structure (17) or mobile aisle platform with a lower platform structure according to one of claims 1 to 6. Escalator step (2) or mobile aisle platform according to claim 7, characterized in that the step-shaped element (9) and / or the riser element (14) is or is also made of sheet metal for drawing deep Escalator step (2) or mobile aisle platform according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the step-shaped element (9) and / or the riser element (14) is or are mechanically connected to the step structure (17) or to the platform structure by means of quick fixing elements (37.1, 37.2) or tightening washers or gripping rings or fixing elements (41), to form a bearing unit in sf, of so that the step-shaped element (9) and / or the riser element can or can be used reversibly, plug-in, changeable. 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 55 10. Escalator staircase (2) or mobile aisle platform according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the step-shaped element (9) and / or the riser element (14) is composed or They are made of Nirosta (stainless steel) or steel (fine) galvanized or pre-galvanized sheet or copper or sheet metal, subjected to cathode dip varnishing or hot galvanized sheet. 11. Escalator step (2) according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that - on a rear surface of the step-shaped element (9), which in the mounted state faces the step substructure (17), and / or - on a lower side of the riser element (14), which in the mounted state faces the step substructure (17), are fixed or integrated or installed or mounted fixing rails (35, 38, 39), which have housing areas for fixing bolts or plug-in bolts (37) and / or for fast fixing elements (37.1, 37.2, 41). 12. Mobile aisle platform according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that - on a rear surface of the step-shaped element (9), which in the mounted state faces the platform substructure, are fixed or integrated or installed or mounted on fixing rails (35, 38, 39), which they have housing areas for fixing bolts or plug-in bolts (37) and / or for fast fixing elements (37.1, 37.2, 41). 13. Translation device (1) with several steps (2) or platforms according to claims 7 to 12. 14. Translation device (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that at least one step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, or on each step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, is provided at least one step eye (32) or platform eye to accommodate a chain pin shaft (21.1, 21.2) of a transport chain or chain, comprising or including or containing at least one step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, or each step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, a chain pin axis (21.1, 21.2) and the chain pin axis (21.1, 21.2) being preferably a plug-in pin axis chain. 15. Translation device (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that at least one step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, or on each step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, is present a peripheral plate collar (33) in the area of the step eye (32) or the platform eye. 16. Translation device (1) according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that at least one step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, or on each step side (20.1, 20.2) or side of platform, at least one crazy roller eye (30) is provided to accommodate a crazy roller shaft (25) and / or a crazy roller (6.1, 6.2), comprising at least one step side (20.1, 20.2) or side of platform, or each side of step (20.1, 20.2) or side of platform, at least one crazy roller shaft (25) with crazy roller (6.1, 6.2). 17. Translation device (1) according to claim 16, characterized in that at least one step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, or on each step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, is present a peripheral plate collar (31) in the area of the crazy roller eye (30). 18. Translation device (1) according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that at least one crossbar (22, 24), or each crossbar (22, 24), has at least one molding (28) and / or as at least one opening or recess (29) and / or at least one discharge notch (18) and / or at least one fixing area (19) or fixing point or island or tower or elevation. 19. Translation device (1) according to one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that at least one step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, or each step side (20.1, 20.2) or platform side, It has at least one molding (28) and / or at least one opening or a recess (29).