ES2536770T3 - Fluid machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A fluid machine arranged in a refrigerant circuit (20) that operates in a refrigeration cycle by circulating refrigerant therethrough, the fluid machine comprising: a casing (31); a compression mechanism (50) that is contained in the casing (31) and that is configured to compress the refrigerant; an expansion mechanism (60) that is contained in the casing (31) and that is configured to expand the refrigerant; a rotary shaft (40) which is provided in the casing (31) and which connects the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60); and a mounting plate (101) fixing one of the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60) to the casing (31), wherein the casing (31) is in the form of a cylindrical container, characterized in that the mounting plate (101) is shaped like a ring and includes: mechanism-side mounting parts (104) which are formed on the inner periphery of the mounting plate (101) and to which one of the compression mechanism (50) and expansion mechanism (60); and casing-side mounting parts (105) that are formed on the outer periphery of the mounting plate (101) and that are fixed to the casing (31), the casing-side mounting parts (105 ) extend radially outward to provide an outer plate space (108) of a given width relative to the inner surface of the casing (31) between each pair of the casing-side mounting portions (105) adjacent, and the mechanism-side mounting portions (104) are circumferentially offset from the casing-side mounting portions (105).

Description

Fluid machine

5 Field of technique

The present invention relates to fluid machines in which a compression mechanism and an expansion mechanism are contained in a single housing.

Prior art

Conventional fluid machines are known in which an expansion mechanism, an electric motor and a compression mechanism are connected by a single rotating shaft. In such a fluid machine, the expansion mechanism generates power by expanding a fluid that has been introduced into its

15 interior. The power generated by the expansion mechanism, together with the power generated by the electric motor, is transmitted to the compression mechanism by means of the rotating shaft. Next, the compression mechanism is driven by the power transmitted from the expansion mechanism and the electric motor to aspirate the fluid and compress it.

In such a fluid machine, the expansion mechanism is heated by a high temperature fluid, which is discharged from the compressor. Therefore, when used for a hot water supply, the fluid machine causes a decrease in the compressor discharge gas temperature, which decreases the temperature of the hot water supply. On the other hand, when used for air conditioning, the fluid machine causes a decrease in the temperature of the air supply during a

25 heating operation and deteriorates performance during a cooling operation. In addition, the expansion mechanism itself causes a loss of internal heat, thereby canceling its power recovery effect.

To avoid these problems of performance deterioration and decrease in the power recovery effect, patent document 1, for example, discloses a technique in which a thermal insulator joins the expansion mechanism.

Patent document 2 refers to a fluid machine that has an expansion mechanism that is fixed to the housing through a mounting plate.

35 Patent document 1: Japan patent application published No. 2005-106064 Patent document 2: Japan patent application published No. 2006-257884

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, it is not possible to avoid, only with the thermal insulator as disclosed in patent document 1, that the heat flowing through the front head into the expansion mechanism from the side wall

The housing rises to a high temperature due to the heat transfer that occurs in the compression mechanism, that is, the heat input into the expansion mechanism due to heat conduction in solids. In particular, the expansion mechanism, the housing and the element that fixes them together (including the welded parts) are generally made of metallic materials and, therefore, have a high thermal conductivity. This causes a problem of the appearance of heat exchange due to the conduction of heat through the above metal materials between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism.

The present invention has been made in view of the foregoing points and, therefore, an object of the invention is that a fluid machine containing a compression mechanism and an expansion mechanism in a single

55 housing avoid heat exchange between the housing and the expansion mechanism or compression mechanism to avoid a deterioration of performance and a decrease in the effect of power recovery by conceiving the structure to which the compression mechanism is fixed or the expansion mechanism.

Means to solve the problems

To achieve the above object, in the present invention, the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) is fixed through a mounting plate (101) to the housing (31).

Specifically, a first aspect of the invention is directed to a fluid machine that is arranged in a refrigerant circuit (20) that operates in a refrigeration cycle by causing refrigerant to circulate therethrough.

The fluid machine includes: a housing (31); a compression mechanism (50) that is contained in the housing

(31) and which is configured to compress the refrigerant; an expansion mechanism (60) that is contained in the housing (31) and that is configured to expand the refrigerant; a rotating shaft (40) that is arranged in the housing (31) and that connects the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60); and a plate of

5 assembly (101) that fixes one of the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60) to the housing (31), in which the housing (31) is in the form of a cylindrical container, the mounting plate (101) is shaped like a ring and includes: mounting parts on the side of the mechanism (104) that are formed on the inner periphery of the mounting plate (101) and to which one of the compression mechanism (50) is fixed and the expansion mechanism (60); and mounting parts on the side of the housing (105) that are formed on the outer periphery of the mounting plate (101) and that are fixed to the housing (31), the mounting parts on the side of the housing (105) are extend outward radially to provide an outer plate space (108) of a given width with respect to the inner surface of the housing (31) between each pair of the mounting parts on the side of the housing

(105) adjacent, and the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) are displaced circumferentially with respect to the mounting parts of the housing side (105).

With the above structure, the refrigerant compressed by the compression mechanism (50) of the fluid machine (30), which is arranged in the refrigerant circuit (20), releases heat in a heat exchanger for heat release and then flows into the expansion mechanism (60) of the fluid machine (30). In the expansion mechanism (60), the low pressure refrigerant that has flowed into it expands. The power that is recovered from the high pressure refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) is transmitted to the compression mechanism (50) by the rotating shaft (40) and is used to drive the compression mechanism (50). The refrigerant that has expanded in the expansion mechanism (60) takes heat in a heat exchanger for heat absorption and is then aspirated into the compression mechanism (50) of the fluid machine (30).

25 As the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) are firmly fixed to the housing

(31) by means of the mounting plate (101), this prevents the increase of the housing (31) and excessive vibration of the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60).

In the present case, the expansion mechanism (60) is kept at a low temperature, while the compression mechanism (50) is kept at a high temperature. Therefore, there is a temperature difference between both of the mechanisms. In view of this, a comparison is made between the difference between the surface temperature of the compression mechanism (50) and the temperature of part of the housing (31) near the compression mechanism (50) and the difference between the surface temperature of the expansion mechanism (60) and the temperature of

35 part of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60), and one of the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60) having a larger temperature difference with respect to the housing (31) It is fixed to the housing (31) by the mounting plate (101). This avoids a direct fixation between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) of a temperature significantly different from that of the housing (31) that would be done in a conventional manner. Therefore, if the mounting plate (101) is configured to have high heat resistance, heat exchange is reduced due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a High temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

With the above structure, because the outer plate spaces (108) are provided, the joints between the

45 mounting plate (101) and housing (31) are the housing mounting parts (105). Therefore, the heat transfer area can be reduced compared to the case in which the mounting plate (101) is attached along the entire circumference to the housing (31). Furthermore, because the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) are displaced circumferentially with respect to the mounting parts of the housing side (105), the heat transfer paths can be extended compared to the case in which each pair of mounting parts of the mechanism and housing side are arranged with the same circumferential angle. Therefore, heat resistance is increased, thereby reducing heat exchange between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60). For these reasons, heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50) is reduced.

A second aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to the first aspect of the invention, in which the fluid machine is configured such that the refrigerant is introduced from the refrigerant circuit (20) directly into the compression mechanism (50) and the compressed refrigerant is discharged from the compression mechanism (50) to an internal space (49) of the housing (31) and then flows out of the internal space (49) to the outside of the housing ( 31), and the expansion mechanism (60) is fixed through the mounting plate (101) to the housing (31).

With the above configuration, the interior of the housing (31) is maintained in high temperature and high pressure conditions, thus providing a so-called deflected machine with a high pressure pressure. At

In this case, because the low temperature expansion mechanism (60) of a significantly different temperature with respect to that of the atmosphere in the rest of the interior of the housing (31) is fixed to

through the mounting plate (101) to the housing (31), the heat input due to heat conduction from the high temperature housing (31) into the low temperature expansion mechanism (60) is reduced due to the effect of the mounting plate (101) that reduces heat transfer.

A third aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to the first aspect of the invention, in which the fluid machine is configured such that the refrigerant is introduced from the refrigerant circuit (20) directly into the Compression mechanism (50) and compressed refrigerant is discharged directly to the outside of the housing (31), and the compression mechanism (50) is fixed through the mounting plate (101) to the housing (31).

With the above configuration, the interior of the housing (31) is maintained in low temperature and low pressure conditions, thereby providing a so-called low pressure dome fluid machine. In the present case, because the high temperature compression mechanism (50) of a temperature significantly different from that of the atmosphere in the rest of the interior of the housing (31) is fixed to

15 through the mounting plate (101) to the low temperature housing (31), the heat input due to the conduction of heat from the high temperature compression mechanism (50) into the low temperature housing ( 31) is reduced by the effect of the mounting plate (101) that reduces heat transfer.

A fourth aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to the second aspect of the invention, in which the assembly parts of the mechanism side (104) are arranged to connect regions of the expansion mechanism (60) of a temperature higher surface than the rest of the same with some regions of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60) and of a lower surface temperature than the rest thereof.

With this structure, the assembly parts of the mechanism side (104) that are located at one of the ends

25 of the transfer transfer paths in the mounting assembly (101) are arranged to reduce surface temperature differences between the expansion mechanism (60) and some regions of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60). Therefore, the temperature differences between the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) and the mounting parts of the housing side (105) are reduced, whereby the heat input from the high temperature housing ( 31) until the low temperature expansion mechanism (60) is reduced. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

A fifth aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to the second aspect of the invention, in the

35 that the housing side mounting parts (105) are arranged to connect regions of the expansion mechanism (60) of a higher surface temperature than the rest thereof with regions of the housing (31) near the mechanism expansion (60) and a lower surface temperature than the rest of it.

With this structure, the mounting parts of the housing side (105) that are located at one end of the heat transfer paths in the mounting plate (101) are arranged to reduce surface temperature differences between the mechanism expansion (60) and some regions of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60). Therefore, the temperature differences between the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) and the mounting parts of the housing side (105) are reduced, whereby the heat input from the high temperature housing ( 31) until the low temperature expansion mechanism (60) is

45 reduces. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

A sixth aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to any one of the first to fifth aspects of the invention, in which a sector of the mounting plate (101) that is disposed between each of the mounting parts on the side of the mechanism (104) and the mounting part of the side of the adjacent housing (105) has a smaller cross-sectional area along the circumference than a sector of the mounting plate

(101) which is arranged inside each of the mounting parts of the housing side (105).

55 With the above structure, the heat transfer areas of the heat transfer paths in the mounting plate (101) are reduced, whereby heat exchange between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) is reduced. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

A seventh aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to any one of the aspects of the first to the sixth of the invention, in which the mounting plate (101) has a metal sheet structure.

With the previous structure, because the mounting plate (101) has a sheet metal structure that is

65 formed by a thin metal sheet, the heat transfer areas of the heat transfer paths are reduced, whereby the heat exchange between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50)

or the expansion mechanism (60) is reduced. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

An eighth aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to any one of the first to seventh aspects of the invention, in which the mounting plate (10) has a plurality of through holes (106, 107) formed inside.

With the above structure, because the mounting plate (101) has through holes (106, 107) formed inside, the heat transfer areas of the heat transfer paths are reduced, whereby the Heat exchange between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) is reduced. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

A ninth aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to any one of the first to eighth aspects of the invention, which further includes a thermal insulator (90, 96) that is disposed in the internal space of the housing ( 31), covers the entire exposed surface of one of the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60) inside the housing (31) and is traversed by the rotating shaft (40).

With the above structure, because the thermal insulator (90, 96) covers the entire exposed surface of the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) inside the housing (31), this avoids the exchange of heat between the internal space of the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) that is covered with the thermal insulator (90, 96). Therefore, the heat exchange between the

25 housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) is further reduced. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

A tenth aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to the ninth aspect of the invention, in which the thermal insulator (90, 96) is divided in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (40) into a first thermal insulator ( 90) and a second thermal insulator (96) that are limited by one another in line with the mounting plate (101).

With the above structure, although the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) is fixed through the mounting plate (101) to the housing (31), the thermal insulator (90, 96 ) easily assembled

35 with these by dividing this into the first thermal insulator (90) and the second thermal insulator (96).

A eleventh aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to the ninth or tenth aspect of the invention, in which the thermal insulator (90, 96) extends to the interior of the outer plate spaces (108).

With the above structure, because the mounting plate (101) is also housing with the thermal insulator (90, 96), this prevents heat exchange between the refrigerant and the mounting plate (101), whereby the Heat exchange between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) is further reduced. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the

45 compression mechanism (50).

A twelfth aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to any one of the aspects of the first to the tenth of the invention, in which at least one of each pair of the mounting side of the mechanism side (104 ) and a joint part (67) of one of the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60) that is attached to the mounting side of the mechanism side (104) is made to protrude to reduce the area of contact between them.

With the above structure, the heat transfer areas of the heat transfer paths between the mounting plate (101) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) are reduced by 55 compared to the case wherein each pair of the mounting part of the mechanism side (104) and the connecting part

(67)

they are connected to each other in a face-to-face contact between the mounting plate (101) and the equivalent part. Therefore, the heat exchange between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism

(60)

is reduced. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

A thirteenth aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to any one of the aspects of the first to the tenth of the invention, in which a thermal insulation separator (110) made of a thermal insulation material is disposed between each torque of the mounting side of the mechanism side (104) and

65 a connecting part (67) of one of the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60) which is attached to the dismantling part of the mechanism side (104).

With the above structure, because a thermal insulation separator (110) having a small heat transfer coefficient is disposed between each pair of the mounting side of the mechanism side (104) and the joining part (67) , the heat resistance between the mounting plate (101) and the compression mechanism (50) or the

5 expansion mechanism (60) increases. Therefore, the exchange of the front of the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) is reduced. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

A fourteenth aspect of the invention is the fluid machine according to any one of the first to the thirteenth aspects of the invention, in which the refrigerant circuit (20) uses carbon dioxide as the refrigerant to operate in a supercritical refrigeration cycle. With the above configuration, carbon dioxide as the refrigerant circulates through the refrigerant circuit (20) in which the fluid machine (30) is connected. The compression mechanism (50) of the fluid machine (30) compresses the aspirated refrigerant to the

15 critical pressure higher and then discharge. The refrigerant of the high critical pressure suppression is introduced into the expansion mechanism (60) of the fluid machine (30) and expands inside.

Effects of the invention

As described above, in the present invention, the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) of a significantly different temperature from that of the housing (31) is not fixed directly to the housing ( 31), but is fixed to the housing (31) through the mounting plate (101), thereby reducing heat exchange between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the compression mechanism expansion (60). Therefore, the fluid machine containing the compression mechanism (50) and the

25 expansion mechanism 860) in a single housing can prevent a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the power recovery effect.

In addition, because an outer plate space (108) is formed from the housing (31) between each pair of adjacent housing side mounting parts (105) extending from the mounting plate ( 101), this reduces the joint area between the mounting plate (101) and the housing (31) and therefore reduces the heat transfer area. Furthermore, because the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) of the ring-shaped mounting plate (101) are displaced circumferentially with respect to the housing-side assembly parts (105) to extend the heat transfer paths and thereby increase heat resistance, this further prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the effect of

35 power recovery.

According to the second aspect of the invention, in the high pressure dome fluid machine, the low temperature expansion mechanism (60) of a significantly different temperature with respect to the atmosphere of the rest of the interior of the housing ( 31) is fixed to the housing (31) through the mounting plate (101), thereby reducing heat exchange due to heat conduction between the high temperature housing (31) and the expansion mechanism of low temperature (60). This further prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the effect of power recovery.

According to the third aspect of the invention, in the low pressure dome fluid machine, the mechanism

High temperature compression (50) of a temperature significantly different from that of the atmosphere in the rest of the interior of the housing (31) is fixed through the mounting plate (101) to the low temperature housing (31), thereby reducing heat exchange due to heat conduction between the low temperature housing (31) and the high temperature compression mechanism (50). This further prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the effect of power recovery.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) are arranged to reduce the differences in surface temperature between the expansion mechanism (60) and some regions of the housing (31) near the mechanism expansion (60), thereby reducing the heat input from the high temperature side to the low temperature side. This additionally prevents a deterioration in performance and a

55 decrease in power recovery effect.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the mounting parts of the housing side (105) are arranged to reduce the differences in surface temperature between the expansion mechanism (60) and some regions of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60), thereby reducing the heat input from the high temperature side to the low temperature side. This additionally prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the power recovery effect.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the cross-sectional area of the mounting plate (101) along the circumference is reduced to reduce the heat transfer areas of the heat transfer paths, reducing from that way the heat exchange between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60). This additionally prevents a deterioration in performance and a

decrease in the power recovery effect.

In accordance with the seventh aspect of the invention, the mounting plate (101) has a metal sheet structure that is formed by a thin metal sheet to reduce the heat transfer areas of the

5 heat transfer paths, thereby reducing heat exchange between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60). This further prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the effect of power recovery.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, a plurality of through holes (106, 107) are formed in the mounting plate (101) to reduce the heat transfer areas of the heat transfer paths, thereby reducing mode the exchange of heat between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60). This further prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the effect of power recovery.

In accordance with the ninth aspect of the invention, the thermal insulator (90, 96) covers the entire exposed surface of the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) inside the housing (31) , thereby avoiding heat exchange between the internal space of the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) that is covered with the thermal insulator (90, 96). This prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the power recovery effect.

According to the tenth aspect of the invention, because the thermal insulator (90, 96) is divided in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (40) into two parts that are bounded one by one in line with the mounting plate ( 101), the thermal insulator (90, 96) can be easily assembled with the other components, which reduces the cost of production.

In accordance with the eleventh aspect of the invention, the thermal insulator (90, 96) also extends into the outer spaces of the plate (108) to prevent heat exchange between the mounting plate (101) and the refrigerant and , thereby, reducing heat exchange between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50)

or the expansion mechanism (60). This further prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the effect of power recovery.

According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, at least one of each pair of the mounting part of the mechanism side (104) and the connecting part (67) of the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) is made to protrude to reduce the contact area between them, thereby reducing

35 the exchange of heat between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60). This further prevents a deterioration in performance and an decrease in the power recovery effect.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, a thermal insulation separator (110) made of a thermal insulation material is disposed between each pair of the mounting side of the mechanism side (104) and the connecting part (67 ) of the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60) to increase the heat resistance between the mounting plate (101) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60), thereby reducing mode the exchange of heat between the housing (31) and the compression mechanism (50) or the expansion mechanism (60). This additionally prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the power recovery effect.

Brief description of the drawings

[Figure 1] Figure 1 is a pipe diagram showing the configuration of a refrigerant circuit in embodiment 1.

[Figure 2] Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of a compression / expansion unit according to embodiment 1.

[Figure 3] Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an expansion mechanism and thermosetting systems in the realization1.

[Figure 4] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in Figure 3.

[Figure 5] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in Figure 4.

[Figure 6] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in Figure 4.

[Figure 7] Figure 7 is an enlarged view showing an essential part of the expansion mechanism in embodiment 1.

65 [Figure 8] Figure 8 are cross-sectional, cross-sectional, schematic views of the mechanism

of expansion in embodiment 1, which show the states of the expansion mechanism every 90 ° of rotation angle of a rotating shaft.

[Figure 9] Figure 9 is a corresponding view of Figure 4, which shows modification 1 of embodiment 1. 5 [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X in Figure 3.

[Figure 11] Figure 11 is a perspective view showing the temperature distribution on the inside surface of a housing.

[Figure 12] Figure 12 is a corresponding view of Figure 4, showing modification 2 of embodiment 1.

[Figure 13] Figure 13 is a corresponding view of Figure 6, showing modification 3 of embodiment 1.

15 List of reference numbers

20 refrigerant circuit 30 compression / expansion unit 31 housing 40 rotating shaft 49 second space (internal space) 50 compression mechanism 60 expansion mechanism 90 first thermal insulator

25 96 second thermal insulator 101 mounting plate 104 part of the mechanism side assembly 105 part of the housing side assembly 106, 107 through hole 108 plate outer space

Best way to carry out the invention

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present embodiment is directed to an air conditioner that includes a compression / expansion unit that is a fluid machine according to the present invention.

<General structure of air conditioner>

As shown in Figure 1, the air conditioner (1) according to the present embodiment includes a refrigerant circuit (20). The compression / expansion unit (30), an outdoor heat exchanger (23), an indoor heat exchanger (24), a first four-way selector valve (21) and a second four-way selector valve (22 ) are connected to the refrigerant circuit (20). In addition, the refrigerant circuit (20) is charged with carbon dioxide (CO2) as a refrigerant.

The compression / expansion unit (30) includes a housing (31) that is shaped in the form of a long container in a vertical, cylindrical and closed direction. The housing (31) contains a compression mechanism (50), an expansion mechanism (60) and an electric motor (45). Inside the housing (31), the compression mechanism (50), the electric motor (45) and the expansion mechanism (60) are arranged in order from bottom to top. The details of the compression / expansion unit (30) will be described later.

In the refrigerant circuit (20), the compression mechanism (50) is connected on its discharge side (a discharge pipe (37)) to the first access of the first four-way selector valve (21) and is connected in its suction side (the suction pipes (36)) to the fourth access of the first four-way selector valve (21).

55 On the other hand, the expansion mechanism (60) is connected on its outlet flow side (an outlet pipe (39)) to the first access of the second four-way selector valve (22) and is connected on its side inlet flow (an inlet pipe (38)) to the fourth access of the second four-way selector valve (22).

In addition, in the refrigerant circuit (20), the outdoor heat exchanger (23) is connected at one end to the second access of the second four-way selector valve (22) and is connected at the other end to the third access of the first four-way selector valve (21). On the other hand, the indoor heat exchanger (24) is connected at one end to the second access of the first four-way selector valve (21) and is connected at the other end to the third access of the second four-way selector valve (22).

65 Each of the first four-way selector valve (21) and the second four-way selector valve (22) is configured to be able to switch between a position in which the first and second accesses communicate between

yes and the third and fourth accesses communicate with each other (the position shown in the solid lines in figure 1) and a position in which the first and third accesses communicate with each other and the second and the Fourth accesses communicate with each other (the position shown in the dashed lines in Figure 1).

5 <Structure of compression / expansion unit>

As shown in Figure 2, the compression / expansion unit (30) includes a housing (31) which is a long container in a vertical, cylindrical and closed direction. Inside the housing (31), the compression mechanism (50), the electric motor (45) and the expansion mechanism (60) are arranged in order from bottom to top. In addition, the refrigerating machine oil that serves as a lubricating oil accumulates in the lower part of the housing (31). In other words, inside the housing (31), the refrigerating machine oil accumulates towards the compression mechanism (50).

The internal space of the housing (31) is divided into upper and lower spaces by a first thermal insulator

15 (90) described below arranged below a front head (61) of the expansion mechanism (60). The upper space constitutes a first space (48) and the lower space constitutes a second space (49). The expansion mechanism (60) is arranged in the first space (48), while the compression mechanism (50) and the electric motor (45) are arranged in the second space (49).

The discharge pipe (37) is attached to the housing (31). The discharge pipe (37) is arranged between the electric motor (45) and the expansion mechanism (60) and communicates with the second space (49) in the housing (31). In addition, the discharge pipe (37) is shaped as a relatively short and straight tube and placed in an approximately horizontal position.

25 The electric motor (45) is arranged in an intermediate part longitudinally of the housing (31). The electric motor (45) is composed of a stator (46) and a rotor (47). The stator (46) is fixed to the housing (31), such as by contraction adjustment. The rotor (47) is placed inside the stator (46). The rotor (47) is traversed in a coaxial direction by a main spindle (44) of a rotating shaft (40).

The rotating shaft (40) constitutes a rotation axis. The rotating shaft (40) includes two lower eccentric parts (58, 59) that are formed towards its lower end and two large diameter eccentric parts (41, 42) that are formed towards its upper end. A lower end part of the rotating shaft (40) having the lower eccentric parts (58, 59) formed therein is engaged with the compression mechanism (50), while an upper end part thereof having the parts large diameter eccentrics (41, 42)

35 formed in the same system are engaged with the expansion mechanism (60).

The two lower eccentric parts (58, 59) are formed with a larger diameter than the main spindle (44), in which the lower of the two constitutes a first lower eccentric part (58) and the upper one constitutes a second lower eccentric part (59). The first lower eccentric part (58) and the second lower eccentric part

(59) have opposite eccentricity directions with respect to the axis of the main spindle (44).

The two large diameter eccentric parts (41, 42) are formed with a larger diameter than the main spindle (44), in which the lower part of the two constitutes a first large diameter eccentric part (41) and the upper one constitutes a second eccentric part of large diameter (42). The first eccentric part of great

45 diameter (41) and the second eccentric part of large diameter (42) have the same eccentricity direction. The second large diameter eccentric part (42) has a larger outside diameter than the first large diameter eccentric part (41). Furthermore, in terms of the degree of eccentricity with respect to the axis of the main spindle (44), the second eccentric part of large diameter (42) is larger than the first eccentric part of large diameter (41).

Although not shown, the rotating shaft (40) has an oil feed channel formed inside. The oil feed channel extends along the rotating shaft (40). Its beginning opens at the lower end of the rotating shaft (40) and its end opens at the top of the rotating shaft (40). Through the oil feed channel, refrigerant machine oil is fed to the compression mechanism (50) and the

55 expansion mechanism (60). However, the refrigerating machine oil that is fed to the expansion mechanism (60) is at a minimum level, and the refrigerating machine oil that has lubricated the expansion mechanism (60) does not flow outside to the first space (48 ) but is discharged through the outlet pipe (39).

The compression mechanism (50) is constituted by a so-called oscillating piston rotating compressor. The compression mechanism (50) includes two cylinders (51, 52) and two pistons (57). In the compression mechanism (50), a rear head (55), the first cylinder (51), an intermediate plate (56), the second cylinder (52) and a front head (54) are stacked in order from bottom to top .

65 The first and second cylinders (51, 52) contain their respective cylindrical pistons (57) arranged, one inside each cylinder. Although it is not shown, a plate-shaped blade extends from the

lateral surface of each piston (57) and is supported through a tilting bushing in the associated cylinder (51, 52). The piston (57) in the first cylinder (51) engages with the first lower eccentric part (58) of the rotating shaft (40). On the other hand, the piston (57) in the second cylinder (52) engages with the second lower eccentric part (59) of the rotating shaft (40). Each of the plungers (57, 57) is in sliding contact in its

5 inner periphery with the outer periphery of the lower eccentric part (58, 59) associated and in sliding contact on its outer periphery with the inner periphery of the associated cylinder (51, 52). Therefore, a compression chamber (53) is defined between the outer periphery of each of the pistons (57, 57) and the inner periphery of the associated cylinder (51, 52).

The first and second cylinders (51, 52) have their respective suction ports (32) formed one in each cylinder. Each suction port (32) passes radially through the associated cylinder (51, 52) and its distal end opens on the inner periphery of the cylinder (51, 52). In addition, each suction port (32) extends to the outside of the housing (31) by means of the associated suction pipe (36).

15 The front head (54) and the rear head (55) have their respective discharge ports formed one on each head. The discharge access in the front head (54) puts the compression chamber (53) in the second cylinder (52) in communication with the second space (49). The discharge access in the rear head (55) puts the compression chamber (53) in the first cylinder (51) in communication with the second space (49). In addition, each discharge access is provided at its distal end with a discharge valve that is comprised of a front valve, and which is configured to open and close by the discharge valve. In figure 2, the discharge accesses and the discharge valves are not given. The gas refrigerant that is discharged from the compression mechanism (50) into the second space (49) is sent through the discharge pipe (37) outside the compression / expansion unit (30).

25 As is also shown in an enlarged form in Figure 3, the expansion mechanism (60) is constituted by a so-called oscillating swivel piston expansion mechanism. The expansion mechanism (60) includes two cylinders (71, 72) and two pistons (75, 85) in two cylinder-piston pairs. The expansion mechanism (60) also includes the front head (61), an intermediate plate (63) and a rear head (62).

In the expansion mechanism (60), the front head (61), the first cylinder (71), the intermediate plate (63), the second cylinder (81) and the rear head (62) are stacked in order from bottom to top . In this state, the first cylinder (71) is closed at the lower end surface by the front head (61) and is closed at the upper end surface by the intermediate plate (63). On the other hand, the second cylinder (81) is closed at the lower end surface by the intermediate plate (63) and is closed at the upper end surface by the

35 rear head (62). In addition, the second cylinder (81) has a larger inner diameter than the first cylinder (71).

The expansion mechanism (60) is fixed through a mounting plate (101) to the inner surface of the housing (31). As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the mounting plate (101) has a ring-shaped metal sheet structure and includes a disk-shaped plate body (102) and a curved part (103) that it is curved approximately 90 degrees downwards with respect to the plate body (102) along the entire circumference. The mounting plate (101) also includes: mounting parts on the side of the mechanism

(104) that are formed on the inner periphery of the mounting plate (101) and that are fixed to the mechanism of

expansion (60); and mounting parts on the side of the housing (105) that are formed on the outer periphery of the mounting plate (101) and which are fixed to the housing (31).

On the expansion mechanism (60), connecting parts (67) that are attached to the respective parts of the side of the respective mechanism side (104) are formed to extend outwardly with respect to the outer periphery of the front head (61). In the present embodiment, the connecting parts (67) are formed at three points along the circumference of the front head (61) with intervals of 120 ° equally separated. As shown in Figure 6, each joint part (67) has a bolt hole (68) that is formed in the center thereof. The flange of the bolt hole (68) is formed to protrude upwards. Similarly, each mounting part of the mechanism side (104) has a bolt hole (104a) that is formed in the center thereof. The flange of the bolt hole (104a) is formed to protrude downward. This reduces the area of

55 contact between the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) and the connecting parts (67).

The mounting parts on the side of the housing (105) are formed to extend outward radially with respect to the outer periphery of the mounting plate (101). In the present embodiment, the mounting parts of the housing side (105) are formed at three points along the circumference of the mounting plate (101) with intervals of 120 ° separated equally. The mounting parts of the housing side (105) are welded to the inner surface of the housing (31). Between each pair of adjacent housing side mounting parts (105), an outer plate space (108) is formed from the housing (31) to have a given width.

In addition, a sector of the mounting plate (101) that is disposed between each mounting part of the side of the

65 mechanism (104) and the mounting portion of the adjacent housing side (105) has a smaller cross-sectional area along the circumference than a sector of the mounting plate (101) that is disposed in the

inside of the mounting side of the housing side (105). The mounting plate (101) has a plurality of through holes (106, 107) to reduce the cross-sectional area along the circumference.

As shown in Figure 4, the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) are displaced in

5 circumferential direction with respect to the mounting parts of the housing side (105). In other words, in the present embodiment, each mounting part of the housing side (105) is disposed in the circumferential intermediate part between the two mounting parts of the adjacent mechanism side (104).

The rotating shaft (40) passes through the front head (61), the first cylinder (71), the intermediate plate (63) and the second cylinder (81) that are stacked. The rear head (62) has a central hole that is formed in the center and passes through the rear head (62) in the thickness direction. The upper end of the rotating shaft (40) is inserted into the central hole of the rear head (62). In addition, the first large diameter eccentric part (41) of the rotating shaft (40) is inside the first cylinder (71) and the second large diameter eccentric part (42) thereof is inside the second cylinder ( 81).

15 As also shown in Figures 7 and 8, the first plunger (75) and the second plunger (85) are placed in the first cylinder (71) and the second cylinder (81), respectively. Each of the first and second plungers (75, 85) is formed in an annular or cylindrical shape. The outer diameters of the first plunger (75) and the second plunger (85) are equal to each other. The inner diameter of the first plunger (75) is approximately equal to the outer diameter of the first eccentric large diameter part (41), and the inner diameter of the second plunger (85) is approximately equal to the outer diameter of the second large eccentric part diameter (42). The first plunger

(75) and the second plunger (85) are crossed by the first eccentric part of large diameter (41) and the second eccentric part of large diameter (42), respectively.

25 The first piston (75) is slidably engaged in the outer periphery with the inner periphery of the first cylinder (71), is in sliding contact on an end surface thereof with the front head

(61) and is in sliding contact on the other end surface with the intermediate plate (63). In the first cylinder (71), its inner periphery defines a first expansion chamber (72) together with the outer periphery of the first piston (75). On the other hand, the second piston (85) is slidably engaged in the outer periphery with the inner periphery of the second cylinder (81), is in sliding contact on an end surface thereof with the rear head (62) and It is in sliding contact on the other end surface with the intermediate plate (63). In the second cylinder (81), its inner periphery defines a second expansion chamber (82) together with the outer periphery of the second piston (85).

35 The first and second pistons (75, 85) are formed in one piece with blades (76, 86), one for each piston. Each blade (76, 86) is shaped as a plate that extends in a radial direction of the associated plunger (75, 85) and extends outwardly with respect to the outer periphery of the plunger (75, 85). The blade

(76) of the first plunger (75) and the blade (86) of the second plunger (85) are inserted into a bushing hole (78) in the first cylinder (71) and a bushing hole (88) in the second cylinder (81), respectively. The bushing hole (78, 88) of each cylinder (71, 81) passes through the associated cylinder (71, 81) in a thickness direction and opens on the inner periphery of the cylinder (71, 81). These bushing holes (78, 88) constitute passage holes.

The cylinders (71, 81) are provided with a pair of bushings (77, 87), each cylinder with a pair of bushings.

Each bushing (77, 87) is a small piece that is formed such that its inner surface is flat and its outer surface is arched. In each cylinder (71, 81), the pair of bushings (77, 87) are inserted into the associated socket hole (78, 88) so that the blade (76, 86) associated therebetween is interleaved. Each bushing (77, 87) slides with the inner surface over the associated blade (76, 86) and slides with the outer surface over the associated cylinder (71, 81). Each blade (76, 86) in one piece with the plunger (75, 85) is supported through the associated bushings (77, 87) in the associated cylinder (71, 81) and is free to move angularly with with respect to, and free to enter and withdraw from, the cylinder (71, 81).

The first expansion chamber (72) in the first cylinder (71) is divided by the first blade (76) into a single piece with the first piston (75); a region thereof to the left of the first blade (76) in Figures 7 and 8 55 provides a first high pressure chamber (73) of a relatively high pressure, while a region thereof to the right of the first blade (76) provides a first low pressure chamber (74) of a relatively low pressure. The second expansion chamber (82) in the second cylinder (81) is divided by the second blade (86) into a single piece with the second piston (85); a region of it to the left of the second blade

(86) in Figures 7 and 8 provides a second high pressure chamber (83) of a relatively high pressure, while a region thereof to the right of the second blade (86) provides a second low pressure chamber (84 ) of a relatively low pressure.

The first cylinder (71) and the second cylinder (81) are arranged in positions in which the relative circumferential positions between their associated pairs of bushings (77, 87) coincide with each other. In other words, the angle 65 of displacement of the second cylinder (81) in relation to the first cylinder (71) is 0 °. As previously described, the first large diameter eccentric part (41) and the second large diameter eccentric part (42)

they have the same eccentricity direction with respect to the axis of the main spindle (44). Therefore, when the first blade (76) arrives at a position that is most removed towards the outside of the first cylinder (71), simultaneously the second blade (86) arrives at a position that is most removed towards the outside of the second cylinder ( 81).

5 The first cylinder (71) has an inlet access (34) formed inside. The inlet access (34) opens on the inner periphery of the first cylinder (71) slightly to the left of the bushings (77) in Figures 7 and 8. The inlet access (34) can communicate with the first chamber of high pressure (73). On the other hand, the second chamber (81) has an exit access (35) formed inside. The exit access (35) opens on the inner periphery of the second cylinder (81) slightly to the right of the bushings (87) in Figures 7 and 8. The exit access (35) can communicate with the second low chamber pressure (84).

The intermediate plate (63) has a communication channel (64) formed inside. The communication channel (64) passes through the intermediate plate (63) in the thickness direction. On the surface of the intermediate plate (63) that is oriented towards the first cylinder (71), one end of the communication channel (64) opens in a position to the

15 right of the first blade (76). On the other surface of the intermediate plate (63) that is oriented towards the second cylinder (81), the other end of the communication channel (64) opens in a position to the left of the second blade (86). In addition, as shown in Figure 7, the communication channel (64) extends obliquely with respect to the thickness direction of the intermediate plate (63) and causes communication between the first low pressure chamber (74) and the second high pressure chamber (83).

In the expansion mechanism (60) in the present embodiment configured as described above, a first rotating mechanism (70) is constituted by the first cylinder (71), and the bushings (77), the first piston

(75) and the first blade (76) that are provided in association with the first cylinder (71). Also a second

rotating mechanism (80) is constituted by the second cylinder (81), and the bushings (87), the second piston (85) and the second blade (86) provided in association with the second cylinder (81).

As shown in Figure 3, the internal space of the housing (31) contains a thermal insulator (90, 96) that covers the entire exposed surface of the expansion mechanism (60) inside the housing (31 ) and which is crossed by the rotating shaft (40). The thermal insulator (90, 96) is divided in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (40) into a first thermal insulator (90) and a second thermal insulator (96) that are limited to each other in line with the mounting plate (101). ).

The first lower thermal insulator (90) is arranged to rest on the side of the expansion mechanism (60) near the compression mechanism (50) and cover the expansion mechanism (60) from around the shaft

35 swivel (40) to the inner periphery of the housing (31). Therefore, the first thermal insulator (90) separates the first space (48), which is located around the low temperature expansion mechanism (60) and has a significant temperature difference with respect to that of the atmosphere in the rest of the interior of the housing (31), of the second space (49).

In particular, the first thermal insulator (90) is shaped as a disk having a central hole through which the rotating shaft (40) is inserted, and arranged to rest on the lower surface of the front head (61) of the mechanism of expansion (60). A minimum space is provided between the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (40) and the inner periphery of the first thermal insulator (90) in order not to interfere with the rotation of the rotating shaft (40).

As shown in Figure 3, the second upper thermal insulator (96) has a substantially cylindrical shape that has a top wall and covers all of the exposed lateral and top surfaces of the expansion mechanism (60) in the inside the housing (31). More specifically, the second thermal insulator

(96) is crossed by the inlet pipe (38) and the outlet pipe (39). Preferably, the outer peripheries of the inlet pipe (38) and the outlet pipe (39) are also housings with the second thermal insulator (96).

In addition, as shown in Figure 4, the thermal insulator (90, 96) also extends into the outer spaces of the plate (108) from the housing (31) between the mounting parts on the side of the Case

(105) adjacent. More specifically, the side surface of the mounting plate (101) is carcass with extensions from the bottom surface of the second thermal insulator (96). As an alternative, the lateral surface

55 of the mounting plate (101) can be covered with extensions from the top surface of the first thermal insulator (90).

The first and second thermal insulators (90, 96) are made of resin castings. Concrete examples of resin castings include industrial super plastics that have high heat resistance (from 240 ° C to 250 ° C). Examples of such industrial superplastics include poly (phenylene sulfide) (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and polyimide (PI).

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Operational actions

65 The operations of the air conditioner (10) will be described hereinafter. In the present case, a description is given first of the operation of the air conditioner (10) in a cooling operation, a

then the operation thereof in a heating operation and then the operation of the expansion mechanism (60).

<Cooling operation>

5 In a cooling operation, the first four-way selector valve (21) and the second four-way selector valve (22) are switched to the positions shown on the dashed lines in Figure 1. When in this The electric motor (45) of the compression / expansion unit (30) is energized, the refrigerant circulates through the refrigerant circuit (20) such that the refrigerant circuit (20) operates in a refrigeration cycle of steam compression

The refrigerant compressed by the compression mechanism (50) is discharged through the discharge pipe

(37) outside the compression / expansion unit (30). In this state, the refrigerant pressure is higher than the critical pressure. The discharged refrigerant is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger (23) and in the

15 same releases heat to the outside air. The high pressure refrigerant that has released heat in the outdoor heat exchanger (23) passes through the inlet pipe (38) and then flows into the expansion mechanism (60). In the expansion mechanism (60), the high pressure refrigerant expands and power is recovered from the high pressure refrigerant. The low pressure refrigerant obtained by expansion is sent through the outlet pipe (39) to the indoor heat exchanger (24). In the indoor heat exchanger (24), the refrigerant that has flowed inside takes heat from the ambient air to evaporate, thereby cooling the ambient air. The low pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed to the outside of the indoor heat exchanger (24) passes through the suction pipes (36) and is then sucked through the suction ports (32) into the mechanism compression (50). Compression mechanism

(50) compress the aspirated refrigerant and discharge it.

25 <Heating operation>

In a heating operation, the first four-way selector valve (21) and the second four-way selector valve (22) are switched to the positions shown in the solid lines in Figure 1. When in this state The electric motor (45) of the compression / expansion unit (30) is energized, the coolant circulates through the coolant circuit (20) such that the coolant circuit (20) operates in a compression refrigeration cycle steam.

The refrigerant compressed by the compression mechanism (50) is discharged through the discharge pipe

35 (37) outside the compression / expansion unit (30). In this state, the refrigerant pressure is higher than the critical pressure. The discharged refrigerant is sent to the indoor heat exchanger (24). In the indoor heat exchanger (24), the refrigerant that has flowed inside releases heat to the ambient air, thereby heating the ambient air. The refrigerant that has released heat in the indoor heat exchanger (24) passes through the inlet pipe (38) and then flows into the expansion mechanism (60). In the expansion mechanism (60), the high pressure refrigerant expands and power is recovered from the high pressure refrigerant. The low-pressure refrigerant obtained by expansion is sent through the outlet pipe (39) to the outdoor heat exchanger (23) and it takes heat from the outside air to evaporate. The low pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed outside the outdoor heat exchanger (23) passes through the suction pipes (36) and then aspirated to

45 through the suction ports (32) inside the compression mechanism (50). Compression mechanism

(50) compress the aspirated refrigerant and discharge it.

<Expansion mechanism operation>

The operation of the expansion mechanism (60) is described with reference to Figure 8.

First, a description is given of the course of the supercritical low pressure refrigerant flow into the first high pressure chamber (73) of the first rotating mechanism (70). When the rotating shaft (40) rotates slightly with respect to a rotation angle of 0 °, the point of contact between the first piston (75) and the first

The cylinder (71) passes through the opening of the inlet access (34), such that the low pressure refrigerant begins to flow through the inlet access (34) into the first high pressure chamber ( 73). Then, as the rotation angle of the rotating shaft (40) gradually increases to 90 °, 180 ° and 270 °, the low pressure refrigerant flows further into the first high pressure chamber (73). The flow of the high pressure refrigerant into the first high pressure chamber (73) continues until the rotation angle of the rotating shaft (40) reaches 360 °.

A description of the course of the refrigerant expansion in the expansion mechanism (60) is given below. When the rotating shaft (40) rotates slightly with respect to a rotation angle of 0 °, the first low pressure chamber (74) and the second high pressure chamber (83) communicate through the communication channel (64) between 65 yes, so that the refrigerant begins to flow from the first low pressure chamber (74) into the second high pressure chamber (83). Then, as the angle of rotation of the rotating shaft (40)

gradually increases to 90º, 180º and 270º, the first low pressure chamber (74) gradually decreases its volume and, simultaneously, the second high pressure chamber (83) gradually increases its volume, which results in a gradual increase in the volume of the expansion chamber (66). The increase in the volume of the expansion chamber (66) continues until just before the rotational axis rotation angle

5 (40) reach 360º. The refrigerant in the expansion chamber (66) expands during the increase in the volume of the expansion chamber (66). The expansion of the refrigerant causes the rotation of the rotating shaft (40) to be activated. Therefore, the refrigerant in the first low pressure chamber (74) flows through the communication channel (64) into the second high pressure chamber (83) while expanding.

A description of the course of the flow of refrigerant outside the second low pressure chamber (84) of the second rotating mechanism (80) is given below. The second low pressure chamber (84) begins to communicate with the outlet access (35) in an instant in the time in which the rotating shaft (40) has a rotation angle of 0 °. In other words, the refrigerant begins to flow outside the second low pressure chamber (84) to the outlet access (35). Then, during the period in which the rotation angle of the rotating shaft (40)

15 gradually increases to 90º, 180º and 270º and until it reaches 360º, the low pressure refrigerant obtained by means of expansion flows outside the second low pressure chamber (84).

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Assembly plate assembly procedure -

A description of the assembly procedure of the expansion mechanism (60), the mounting plate is given

(101) and the thermal insulator (90, 96).

First, bolts (not shown) are inserted into the bolt holes (68) in the front head (61) and the bolt holes (104a) in the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) and a

25 are then tightened.

Next, the first thermal insulator (90) is mounted on the expansion mechanism (60) from below the mounting plate (101), and the second thermal insulator (96) is mounted on the expansion mechanism (60) from above. Because in this way the thermal insulator (90, 96) is divided into the first thermal insulator (90) and the second thermal insulator (96), the thermal insulator (90, 96) can be assembled easily.

Finally, the outer end surfaces of the housing side mounting parts (105) are welded to the inner surface of the housing (31).

35 <Mounting platform operation>

Because the first thermal insulator (90) divides the internal space of the housing (31) into the first space (48) in which the expansion mechanism (60) and the second space (49) are placed in which place the compression mechanism (50), the first space (48) is kept at low temperature and high density and the second space (49) is kept at high temperature and low density. Therefore, the interior of the housing (31) is maintained in high temperature and high pressure conditions, thereby providing a so-called high pressure dome fluid machine.

Because the expansion mechanism (60) is firmly fixed to the housing (31) by the mounting plate

45 (101), this prevents the low pressure refrigerant from swelling the housing (31) and prevents excessive vibration of the expansion mechanism (60).

Because the low temperature expansion mechanism (60) of a temperature significantly different from that of the atmosphere in the rest of the interior of the housing (31) is fixed through the mounting plate (101) to the housing (31), this prevents direct fixing between the housing (31) and the expansion mechanism

(60) of a temperature significantly different from that of the housing (31) that would be done in a conventional manner. In addition, because the joints between the mounting plate (101) and the housing (31) are only the mounting parts on the side of the housing (105), the heat transfer area is reduced compared to the case in which that the mounting plate (101) is attached along the entire circumference to the housing (31).

55 This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between the low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and the high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

In addition, because the mounting parts on the side of the mechanism (104) are displaced circumferentially with respect to the mounting parts on the side of the housing (105), the heat transfer paths can be extended compared to the case in which each pair of mounting parts on the mechanism and housing side are arranged with the same circumferential angle. Therefore, heat resistance is increased, thereby reducing heat exchange between the expansion mechanism (60) and the housing (31).

65 Because a sector of the mounting plate (101) that is disposed between each mounting part of the mechanism side (104) and the mounting part of the adjacent housing side (105) has a cross-sectional area

smaller along the circumference than a sector of the mounting plate (101) that is disposed inside the mounting part of the housing side (105), this reduces the heat transfer areas of the paths Heat transfer on the mounting plate (101). In addition, because the mounting plate (101) has a metal sheet structure that is formed by a thin metal sheet, the areas of

5 Heat transfer of heat transfer paths are further reduced. In addition, because the mounting plate (101) has through holes (106, 107) formed therein, the heat transfer areas of the heat transfer paths are further reduced. In addition, because the flanges of the bolt holes (68) are formed to protrude upward and the flanges of the bolt holes (104a) are formed to protrude downward, the contact area between each side mounting portion of the mechanism (104) and the connecting part (67) is reduced. Because the heat transfer areas of the heat transfer paths between the mounting plate (101) and the expansion mechanism (60) are thus reduced, this reduces the heat exchange between the expansion mechanism (60 ) and the housing (31).

15 Because the first thermal insulator (90) isolates the first space (48) that is around the low temperature expansion mechanism (60) and has a significant temperature difference from that of the atmosphere in the rest of the interior of the housing (31), this effectively prevents the appearance of coolant convection.

Because the thermal insulator (90, 96) covers the entire exposed surface of the expansion mechanism

(60) inside the housing (31), this prevents heat exchange between the internal space of the housing (31) and the expansion mechanism (60) that is covered with the thermal insulator (90, 96). Therefore, the heat exchange between the expansion mechanism (60) and the housing (31) is further reduced.

25 Because the mounting plate (101) is also equipped with the thermal insulating housing (90.96), the exchange of heat between the mounting plate (101) and the refrigerant is avoided, whereby the heat exchange between the expansion mechanism (60) and the housing (31) is reduced further. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism

(60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50).

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Effects of embodiment 1 -

In the compression / expansion unit (30) according to the present embodiment, the low temperature expansion mechanism (60) of a significantly different temperature with respect to that of the rest of the atmosphere

35 inside the housing (31) is not fixed directly to the housing (31) but only the mounting parts on the side of the housing (105) are fixed to the housing (31) through the mounting plate (101) ) which is welded to the housing (31), thereby reducing heat exchange due to heat conduction between the high temperature housing (31) and the low temperature expansion mechanism (60). This further prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the effect of power recovery.

Because the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) of the ring-shaped mounting plate (101) are displaced circumferentially with respect to the mounting parts of the housing side (105) thereof for extending the heat transfer paths and thereby increasing heat resistance, this further prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the power recovery effect.

45 Because the heat transfer areas of the heat transfer paths on the mounting plate

(101) are reduced to reduce heat exchange between the expansion mechanism (60) and the housing (31), such as the formation of the mounting plate (101) in a metal sheet structure that is formed by a thin sheet of metal. metal, forming a plurality of through holes (106, 107) in the mounting plate (101) and causing the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) and the joining parts (67) to protrude, this further prevents a performance deterioration and a decrease in the power recovery effect.

Because the thermal insulator (90, 96) covers the entire exposed surface of the expansion mechanism

(60) inside the housing (31), this prevents heat exchange between the second space (48) in the housing

55 (31) and the expansion mechanism (60) that is covered with the thermal insulator (90, 96) and thereby prevents deterioration of performance and decrease in the power recovery effect.

Because the thermal insulator (90, 96) also extends into the outer spaces of the plate (108) to prevent heat exchange between the mounting plate (101) and the refrigerant and thereby reduce the exchange of heat between the expansion mechanism (60) and the housing (31), this further prevents a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the power recovery effect.

Because the thermal insulator (90, 96) is divided in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (40) into two parts that are bounded one by one in line with the mounting plate (101), the thermal insulator (90, 96 ) can be assembled with

65 ease with the other components, which reduces the cost of production.

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Modification 1 of embodiment 1 -

As shown in Figure 9, the assembly parts of the mechanism side (104) can be arranged to connect regions of the expansion mechanism (60) of a higher surface temperature than the rest of the same with regions of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60) and a lower surface temperature than the rest of it. For simplicity, the through holes (106, 107) are not given in the figure.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 10, the expansion mechanism (60) has a generally circumferential surface temperature distribution in which the surface temperature decreases in order from Region A to Region F when viewed in the direction axial. To give examples of actual temperatures, Region A is at 30 ° C which is a suction temperature, and Region F is at 0 ° C which is a discharge temperature.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 11, the housing (31) has a surface temperature distribution

15 generally circumferential in which the surface temperature decreases in order from Region A to Region F. To give examples of actual temperatures, Region A is at 90 ° C which is a discharge temperature of the compression mechanism (50) , and Region F is at a low temperature (approximately 0 ° C) which is a discharge temperature of the expansion mechanism (60).

Therefore, it is desirable to arrange the mounting parts on the side of the mechanism (104) to avoid regions of the expansion mechanism (60) that have low surface temperatures and regions of the housing (31) that have high surface temperatures . With this structure, the mounting parts of the mechanism side

(104) found at one of the ends of the heat transfer paths on the mounting plate

(101) are arranged to reduce surface temperature differences between the expansion mechanism (60) and

25 some regions of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60). Therefore, the heat input from the high temperature side to the low temperature side is reduced. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50). Therefore, a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the power recovery effect of the compression / expansion unit (30) can be avoided.

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Modification 2 of embodiment 1 -

As shown in Figure 12, the mounting parts of the housing side (105) can be arranged to

35 connecting regions of the expansion mechanism (60) of a higher surface temperature than the rest thereof with regions of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60) and of a lower surface temperature than the rest of the same. For simplicity, the through holes (106, 107) are not given in the figure.

Specifically, the expansion mechanism (60) is maintained at low temperatures as a whole. Therefore, it is desirable to arrange the mounting portions of the housing side (105) to avoid Region A of the housing (31) having the highest surface temperature. In addition, the housing (31) naturally has a low temperature region between the inlet pipe (38) and the outlet pipe (39). Therefore, it is desirable to arrange a mounting portion of the housing side (105) in this region. With this structure, the mounting parts of the housing side (105) that are located at one end of the heat transfer paths in the mounting plate (101)

45 are arranged to reduce the differences in surface temperature between the expansion mechanism (60) and some regions of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60). Therefore, the heat input from the high temperature side to the low temperature side is reduced. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the compression mechanism (50). Therefore, a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the power recovery effect of the compression / expansion unit (30) can be avoided.

-

Modification 3 of embodiment 1 -

As shown in Figure 13, a thermal insulation separator (110) made of a material of

The thermal insulation may be arranged between each pair of the assembly side of the mechanism side (104) and the joint part (67) of the expansion mechanism (60) which is attached to the assembly part of the mechanism side (104 ). Because the thermal insulation separators (110) are arranged in the vicinity of the expansion mechanism (60) that is always maintained at relatively low temperatures, these can be manufactured from a low heat resistance material. Therefore, the freedom of choice of materials is high.

With the above structure, because the heat resistance between the mounting plate (101) and the expansion mechanism (60) is increased, the heat exchange between the expansion mechanism (60) and the housing (31) is reduce. This reduces the amount of heat exchange due to heat conduction between a low temperature refrigerant in the expansion mechanism (60) and a high temperature refrigerant in the heat mechanism.

65 compression (50). Therefore, a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the power recovery effect of the compression / expansion unit (30) can be avoided.

<Other Realizations>

The previous embodiment of the present invention may have the following configurations.

5 Although in the previous embodiment the fluid machine is a high pressure dome compression / expansion unit (30), this can be a so-called low pressure dome compression / expansion unit

(30) in which the inside of the housing (31) is at a low pressure. In the present case, the fluid machine is configured such that the refrigerant is introduced from the refrigerant circuit (20) directly into the compression mechanism (50) and the compressed refrigerant is discharged directly to the outside of the housing (31 ). The compression mechanism (50) is fixed to the housing (31) through a mounting plate

(101) which has a shape similar to that of the previous embodiment and thus has a high heat resistance. Because the high temperature compression mechanism (50) of a temperature significantly different from that of the atmosphere in the rest of the interior of the housing (31) is fixed through the plate

15 assembly (101) to the low temperature housing (31), this reduces heat exchange due to heat conduction between the low temperature housing (31) and the high temperature expansion mechanism (60). Therefore, a deterioration in performance and a decrease in the power recovery effect can be avoided.

Although in the previous embodiment the expansion mechanism (60) is constituted by a rotating swivel piston expansion mechanism, the expansion mechanism (60) can be constituted by a rotating rolling piston expansion mechanism. In this expansion mechanism (60), the blade (76, 86) in each of the rotating mechanisms (70, 80) is formed separately from the associated piston (75, 85). Therefore, the distal end of the blade (76, 86) is pushed against the outer periphery of the associated plunger (75, 85), whereby the blade (76, 86) semi-forward and backward with the movement of the plunger (75, 85) associate.

25 Although in the previous embodiment the compression mechanism (50) is constituted by an oscillating piston rotating compressor and the expansion mechanism (60) is constituted by an oscillating piston rotating expansion mechanism, the mechanisms can be constituted by a scroll compressor and a scroll expansion mechanism.

In the previous embodiment, if the outer plate spaces (108) between the mounting plate (101) and the housing (31) are at a certain given (for example, 5 mm) or more and the refrigerant accumulates in the outer plate space (108), there is no need to extend the thermal insulator (90, 96) into the spaces. In particular, the resin-based material that constitutes a common thermal insulator (90, 96) has a conductivity

35 thermal of 0.3 w / m-k, while the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the space around the expansion mechanism (60) has a thermal conductivity of 0.07 w / m-k. Therefore, the carbon dioxide refrigerant has a lower thermal conductivity than the resin-based material. Because, therefore, the heat transfer coefficient of the gas refrigerant is smaller than that of the thermal insulator (90, 96), the heat exchange is not increased but instead reduced.

Although in the previous embodiment a set of three mounting parts on the side of the mechanism (104) and a set of three mounting parts on the side of the housing (105) are arranged with each set of separate mounting parts at equal intervals Circumferentially, each set of mounting parts may be composed of two, four, or more mounting parts. Also in such cases, the mounting parts on the side of the

The mechanism (104) is preferably displaced in a meaningful manner with respect to the mounting parts on the side of the housing (105).

In the previous embodiment, the first and second thermal insulators (90, 96) are made of industrial super plastics with high heat resistance. However, if the thermal insulators (90, 96) are arranged on the relatively low temperature expansion mechanism (60) as in embodiment 1, these can be manufactured from general purpose industrial plastics of low heat resistance because the coolant temperature is 100 ° C or less. Examples of such general purpose industrial plastics include polyacetal (POM). Alternatively, epoxy resin or FRP may be used instead as a material for thermal insulation. However, the FRP has the disadvantage that if it contains carbon fibers, glass fibers or

55 similar, thermal conductivity increases.

Although in the previous embodiment carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant, instead 410A, R407C or isobutane can be used as a refrigerant.

Although in the previous embodiment the electric motor (45) is arranged above the compression mechanism (50) in the second space (49), this can be arranged below the compression mechanism (50).

The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments as to their nature and are not intended to limit the scope, applications and use of the invention.

65 Susceptibility of industrial application

As can be seen from the above description, the present invention is useful for a fluid machine in which a compression mechanism and an expansion mechanism are contained in a single housing.

Claims (14)

1. A fluid machine arranged in a refrigerant circuit (20) that operates in a refrigeration cycle by causing refrigerant to circulate therethrough, the fluid machine comprising: 5 a housing (31); a compression mechanism (50) that is contained in the housing (31) and that is configured to compress the refrigerant; an expansion mechanism (60) that is contained in the housing (31) and that is configured to expand the refrigerant; a rotating shaft (40) that is arranged in the housing (31) and that connects the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60); Y a mounting plate (101) that fixes one of the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60) to the housing (31), in which The housing (31) has the shape of a cylindrical container, characterized in that The mounting plate (101) is shaped like a ring and includes: mounting parts on the side of the mechanism (104) that are formed on the inner periphery of the mounting plate (101) and to which one of the compression mechanism (50) and expansion mechanism (60); and mounting parts on the side of the housing 25 (105) that are formed in the outer periphery of the mounting bracket (101) and that are fixed to the housing (31), the mounting parts of the housing side (105) extend outward radially to provide an outer plate space (108) of a given width with respect to the inner surface of the housing (31) between each pair of the adjacent housing side mounting parts (105), and The assembly parts of the mechanism side (104) are displaced circumferentially with respect to the housing side mounting parts (105). 2. The fluid machine of claim 1, wherein 35 The fluid machine is configured such that the refrigerant is introduced from the refrigerant circuit (20) directly in the compression mechanism (50) and the compressed refrigerant is discharged from the compression mechanism (50) to an internal space (49) of the housing (31) and then flows out of the internal space (49) to the outside of the housing (31), and The expansion mechanism (60) is fixed through the mounting plate (101) to the housing (31). 3. The fluid machine of claim 1, wherein The fluid machine is configured such that the refrigerant is introduced from the refrigerant circuit (20) directly in the compression mechanism (50) and the compressed refrigerant is discharged directly to the outside of the housing (31), and The compression mechanism (50) is fixed through the mounting plate (101) to the housing (31). 4. The fluid machine of claim 2, wherein the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) are arranged to connect regions of the expansion mechanism (60) of a higher surface temperature than the rest thereof with regions of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60) and of a lower surface temperature than the rest thereof.

5.

The fluid machine of claim 2, wherein the housing side mounting parts (105) are arranged to connect regions of the expansion mechanism (60) of a higher surface temperature than the rest thereof with some regions of the housing (31) near the expansion mechanism (60) and of a lower surface temperature than the rest thereof.

6.

The fluid machine of claim 1, wherein a sector of the mounting plate (101) which is disposed between each of the mounting parts of the mechanism side (104) and the mounting part of the housing side

(105) adjacent has a smaller cross-sectional area along the circumference than a sector of the mounting plate (101) which is arranged inside each of the mounting parts on the side of the housing (105). 7. The fluid machine of claim 1, wherein the mounting plate (101) has a metal sheet structure. 8. The fluid machine of claim 1, wherein the mounting plate (10) has a plurality of 5-passage holes (106, 107) formed therein. 9. The fluid machine of claim 1, further comprising a thermal insulator (90, 96) that is disposed in the internal space of the housing (31), covers the entire exposed surface of one of the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60) inside the housing (31) and is crossed by the 10 rotating shaft (40). 10. The fluid machine of claim 9, wherein the thermal insulator (90, 96) is divided in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (40) into a first thermal insulator (90) and a second thermal insulator (96) which are limited one by another in line with the mounting plate (101).

eleven.

The fluid machine of claim 9, wherein the thermal insulator (90, 96) extends into the outer spaces of the plate (108).

12.

The fluid machine of claim 1, wherein at least one of each pair of the mounting part of the

20 side of the mechanism (104) and a connecting part (67) of one of the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60) which is attached to the mounting part of the side of the mechanism (104) is made that stands out to reduce the contact area between them. 13. The fluid machine of claim 1, wherein a thermal insulation separator (110) made of a 25 thermal insulation material is disposed between each pair of the assembly side of the mechanism side (104) and a joint part (67) of one of the compression mechanism (50) and the expansion mechanism (60) which is attached to the disassembly part of the mechanism side (104). 14. The defluded machine of claim 1, wherein the refrigerant circuit (20) uses carbon dioxide as the refrigerant to operate in a supercritical refrigeration cycle.