ES2527774T3 - Adjustable hinge for heavy doors or windows - Google Patents

Abstract

Hinge for door or window units, in particular for very heavy door or window units comprising a fixed frame (1) and a movable frame (2) whose profiles define respective longitudinal grooves (C1, C2) for fixing accessories of maneuver; the hinge (3) comprising at least: - a first male or lower hinge body (4) with a first cylindrical bushing (4a) and a first wing (4b) which can be associated, through respective first fixing means ( 5), with the groove (C1) of the fixed frame (1); - a second female or upper hinge body (6) with a second cylindrical bushing (6a) and a second wing (6b) that can be associated, through respective second fixing means (7), with the groove (C2) of the mobile frame (2); - a hinge bolt (8) that can be housed in the two bushings (4a, 6a) and which defines the axis of rotation (Z8) of the movable frame (2); - third means (9), arranged in the first cylindrical bushing (4a) of the first hinge body (4), to fix the first hinge body (4) and act between the first bushing (4a) and the surface of the fixed frame (1) facing it, characterized by the fact that the hinge comprises: - first means (10) to adjust the hinge (3) along a first vertical axis (Z) to vary the relative distance (D) between the movable frame ( 2) and a tread surface (P); and - second means (16) for the separate adjustment along a second axis (Y) perpendicular to a vertical plane of the fixed frame (1) and along a third axis (X) parallel to said vertical plane; the second adjustment means (16) comprise a sleeve (16a), eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation (Z8) and which can be inserted between the second bushing (6a) and the hinge bolt (8), so that turning it allow these combined adjustments, the sleeve (16a) comprising locking means (17) to prevent the sleeve (16a) from sliding down the second bushing (6a); said locking means (17) comprising a sphere (18) housed in a first radial hole (18a) made in the sleeve (16a) in proximity to the upper end of the sleeve (16a); and a captive screw (19) housed in a respective second thread hole (20) perpendicular to the first hole (18a), accessible from the outside, and in communication with the first hole (18a) to allow contact between the captive screw (19) and the sphere (18) so that, if necessary, unscrewing the captive screw (19) the movement of the sphere (18) occurs in a radial direction towards the second bushing (6a) so as to block the sleeve (16a) against the second bushing (6a).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Adjustable hinge for heavy doors or windows

The present invention relates to an adjustable hinge for doors or windows, in particular heavy doors or windows.

The hinges for doors or heavy windows currently available in the market in general terms can be divided into the two types indicated below:

- front mounting hinges, that is hinges that are applied to doors or windows by means of holes or slots made in the external front part of the profiles of the frames (used in doors or windows for exteriors, for example of the reinforced type );

-traditional hinges, that is hinges applicable to frames, in particular door frames, with traditional profiles (such as those usually used for windows) where there is an internal groove - in the fixed and mobile frame - to place and fix the respective wing from the hinge body directly to the inner part of the movable frame or the fixed frame.

Said traditional hinge is known from EP-A-1,223,289 and has the characteristics expressed in the preamble of claim 1.

This description refers to hinges of the second type, that is to say traditional hinges, which are used in doors

or large windows for large areas under roof (such as shopping centers).

Hinges of this type, apart from differences in size, are basically made up of the components used in smaller and lighter doors or windows. Essentially these components are as follows:

-a first male or lower hinge body with a bushing and a wing for fixing to the fixed frame;

-a second female or upper hinge body with a respective bushing and a wing for fixing to the mobile frame;

-a hinge bolt that can be housed in the two bushings and that defines the axis of rotation of the movable frame.

The hinge wings are fixed to respective frames by means of screws that act on a segment (or block) of profile housed in the groove of the respective frame (which generally consists of a pair of protrusions configured in L) and arranged facing the surface internal of the same bumps.

In addition to these components, there are also components or means for adjustment according to: a vertical axis (axis of rotation (Z)); an axis perpendicular to the vertical plane of the fixed frame (Y axis, with adjustment known in the jargon of the sector as "compression") and an axis parallel to the vertical plane of the door or window frame (X axis).

Generally, the adjustment on the Z axis is made by pushing on the male hinge body to allow the lifting or lowering of the movable frame together with the assembly of the male and female hinge body (by means of maneuvering elements located in the groove of the fixed frame and acting on the wing of the respective male hinge body).

In general, the adjustment in the Y and X axes is made with an eccentric sleeve inserted inside the female hinge body bushing and which can be rotated, by discrete steps, to vary the position of the mobile frame with respect to the fixed frame.

From the technical and structural point of view, hinges of this type have proven to be extremely practical and convenient, but their use in heavy doors or windows has proven to exhibit, over time, the disadvantage of an exaggerated solicitation and effort in the body male hinge that ultimately leads to breakage (due to fatigue).

In particular, after a thorough investigation by the Applicant, it has been found that the critical breaking point (due to fatigue) of the male hinge body is located in correspondence of the point where the hinge wing rests on the fixed frame with a certain angle: the above is due to the fact that during repeated movements of the mobile frame with respect to the fixed frame, the forces are applied to the wing of the male hinge body in correspondence of slightly different points which, over time, will be translates into the breakage of the hinge wing neck, as mentioned above.

After many tests, the Requesting party has created an additional connection between the male hinge body and the fixed frame, thus achieving a high level of safety and operational reliability of the hinge on heavy doors and windows, and practically nullifying the risks of breakage of the hinge.

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Another objective of this solution is to provide a hinge with few structural variations compared to the previous solution but which can be placed in doors or windows of greater dimension and weight, also greatly facilitating the assembly of the door or window.

In accordance with the present invention, these objectives are achieved by a hinge for door units.

or heavy windows as expressed in claim 1.

The technical characteristics of the present invention with reference to said objectives, are set forth in claim 1 and its advantages are apparent from the detailed description that follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of the present invention. provided purely exemplifying without restricting the scope of the inventive concept, and in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view, with some parts exploded and other parts omitted, of a hinge according to the present invention in the assembled state in the vicinity of partially illustrated profiles defining the door or window frames;

Figure 2 shows the hinge of Figure 1 in an exploded view of all the components of the same hinge;

- Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the hinge of Figures 1 and 2 placed in the frame of the door or window, with some parts of the frame omitted, and showing an adjustment along a vertical axis, the two drawings being frontal schematic views with some parts omitted;

Figure 5 is a cross section through the line V-V of Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a side view, with some parts in cross section to better illustrate others, of the hinge of Figures 3 and 4.

Referring to the attached drawings, in particular figures 1 and 2, the hinge according to the present invention, denoted in its entirety with the number 3, is applied to large and heavy doors or windows installed in large areas under roof (such as , for example, shopping centers).

A door or window unit of this type comprises a fixed frame (1) and a movable frame (2) (sheet) whose profiles define respective longitudinal grooves, denoted C1 and C2 respectively, to fix maneuvering accessories to the same frame.

Always referring to figures 1 and 2, basically the hinge (3) comprises:

-a first male or lower hinge body (4) with a first cylindrical bushing (4a) and a first wing (4b) that can be associated, through respective first fixing means (5), with the groove (C1) of the fixed frame (1);

- a second female or upper hinge body (6) with a second cylindrical bushing (6a) and a second wing (6b) that can be associated, through respective second fixing means (7), with the groove (C2) of the mobile frame (2);

-a hinge bolt (8) that can be housed in the two bushings (4a and 6a) and which defines the axis of rotation (Z8) of the movable frame (2) for opening and closing.

On a constructive level, the first and second means (5 and 7) for fixing the two hinge bodies (4 and 6) generally comprise (see also figure 5) fixing screws (4v and 6v) that can be placed in holes ( 4s and 6s) made on both wings (4th and 6th).

These screws (4v and 6v) are linked with holes (4c and 6c) of a respective profile block (4t and 6t) that is housed with freedom of sliding in the respective groove (C1 and C2) of the frame (which is usually composed of a pair of protuberances configured in L) and in arrangement facing the internal part of the same protuberances.

In addition to the above, on the other hand the hinge (3) according to the present invention comprises third means (9) for fixing the first hinge body (4), which acts at least between the first wing (4b) of the first body (4 ), in proximity to the first bushing (4a), and the surface of the fixed frame (1) facing it.

Preferably, the third fixing means (9) are arranged on the first cylindrical bushing (4a) of the first hinge body (4) and act between the same first bushing (4a) and the surface of the fixed frame (1) facing the same .

This gives the first hinge body (4) a rigid fixed structure with a high degree of fatigue resistance corresponding to the inclined connection area (or neck) of the wing (4b).

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Said third fixing means may comprise thread means (9) that can be inserted into respective through holes (11) made in the first hinge wing (4b) and screwed into the surface of the fixed frame (1) (see the dashed line of Figure 5).

Alternatively, the third fixing means may comprise thread means (9) that can be inserted into respective radial through holes (12) made in the first bushing (4a) so that the thread means (9) can be tightened on the surface of the frame fixed (1).

As can be clearly seen in Figure 5, each of the radial holes (12) has a countersunk part (12v) inside the first bushing (4a) that allows the thread means (9) to be placed without interfering with the housing of the bolt (8) in the first bushing (4a).

The first bushing (4a) therefore has through holes (12) and, preferably, to improve its appearance, an external cover element (21) is placed sliding it axially on the surface of the same first bushing (4a) (see Figure 2) .

In addition, the hinge (3) comprises known first and second means (10 and 16) for adjustment according to three axes: a first vertical axis (Z) to vary the relative distance (D) between the movable frame (2) and a surface of tread (P); a second axis (Y) perpendicular to a vertical plane of the fixed frame (1); a third axis (X) parallel to the vertical plane (the arrangement of the three axes is shown in Figure 1).

The first adjustment means (10) define the position of the movable frame (1) along the first vertical axis (Z) (see figures 3 and 4) and, due to the fixed position of the first hinge body (4), those First adjustment means (10) are arranged in the groove (C2) of the movable frame (2), near the second hinge body (6), and act between the same movable frame (2) and the entire hinge (3) of how to vary the relative distance (D) between the movable frame (2) and the tread surface (P).

More particularly, referring again to Figures 2 and 3, the first adjustment means (10) comprise a slide (13) that can slide into the groove (C2) and which is rigidly fixed to the movable frame (2) by respective means (of thread) (14) that act between the slide (13) and the respective groove (C2).

Then, the slide (13) is brought into contact with the second wing (6b) of the second hinge body (6) and firmly fixed to the latter (see Figure 3).

The slide (13) also has a through hole of longitudinal thread (13a) linked by means of a thread element (15) that can be screwed in and make it stop against the second wing (6b) to allow adjustment of the relative distance (D ) between the movable frame (2) and the tread surface (P).

In other words, if the thread element (15) is screwed (see arrow F15) an opposite force is produced on the wing (6b) of the hinge (3) which, since the first hinge body (4) is locked in place, creates a fixed support point and allows the slide (13) and the movable frame (2) to be lifted with respect to the tread surface (P) (see arrow F13 in figure 4) .

The aforementioned second means (16) for separating the adjustment on the second and third axes (Y and X) comprise (see figures 2 and 6) a sleeve (16a), arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation (Z8) and that it can be inserted between the second bushing (6a) and the hinge bolt (8): by rotating the sleeve (16a) it is possible to make combined adjustments on the two axes (Y and X) by moving the second hinge body (6) with respect to the first hinge body (4). The sleeve (16a) can be adjusted from the outside thanks to a groove (16b) made in the closed upper surface of the sleeve (16a) that can be linked with a tool such as, for example, a screwdriver.

As can be clearly seen in Figure 6, the sleeve (16a) comprises locking means (17) to prevent the same sleeve (16a) from sliding down the second sleeve (6a).

These blocking means (17) comprise:

- a sphere (18) housed in a first radial seat (18a) made in the sleeve (16a) near the upper end of the same sleeve (16a); Y

- a captive screw (19) housed in a respective second threaded hole (20) perpendicular to the first hole (18a) and accessible from the outside (the hole (20) is arranged near the groove (16b)).

The second hole (20) communicates with the first hole (18a) to allow contact between the captive screw

(19) and the sphere (18) so that, if necessary, the screwing of the captive screw (19) (see arrow F19 in Figure 6) causes the sphere (18) to move in a radial direction (see arrow F18) towards the second bushing (6a) so as to block the sleeve (16a) against the second bushing (6a).

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In correspondence of its lower extremity, the sleeve (16a) also has an annular extension (16c) (see Figures 2 and 6) that protrudes from the second bushing (6a) and whose external diameter is substantially the same or greater than the diameter of the same second bushing (6a) to define an element to cover, at least in part, an anti-friction annular element (23) disposed between the two hinge bodies (4 and 6).

In other words, this extension defines an annular seat to accommodate and cover the anti-friction element (23) that is on the same axis as the hinge (8) regardless of the adjustment made with the sleeve (16a).

Finally, between the two hinge bodies (4 and 6), during use, there is a spacer or annular anti-friction spacer element (23) that could consist, by way of example and, therefore, not restrictive, of a ball bearing that facilitates the movement of the second hinge body (6).

Another feature of the hinge (3) is an axial threaded blind hole (22) made in the lower end of the bolt

(8) which, during use, is disposed within the first bushing (4a), allowing bonding with an appropriate tool (not shown) to pull the bolt (8) out of the hinge (3).

As can be seen in Figures 5 and 6, the bolt (8) is held in place inside the bushings (4a and 6a) by a captive screw (8g) that passes radially through the first bushing (4a) and which is links with an annular groove (8a) made on the same bolt (8).

Also, this type of hinge (3) modifies and facilitates the method of installing the door or window.

In fact, the installation of a hinged door or window of this type involves the following operational stages:

-application of the male hinge bodies to the fixed frame in their required final positions;

-installation of the fixed frame in the required place;

-location and prior placement in the mobile frame of the female hinge bodies and the slides for adjustment according to the Z axis;

- replacement of the movable frame in the space of the door or window so that the female hinge bodies rest on the fixed male hinge bodies;

-introduction of the hinge bolts into the bushings from the bottom;

-partial rotation of the movable frame (which, at this stage, is resting on the tread surface) and blocking of the bolts inside the hinges.

After which it is possible to start the adjustments: in particular, the height adjustment by placing the slides so that they rest on the female hinge bodies and then fix them to the movable frame.

Subsequently, using an appropriate tool, the thread element within the slide can be operated so as to lift only the movable frame and the slider with respect to the hinge, thus moving the movable frame away from the tread surface.

Then, it is possible to make other adjustments on the other axes using the sleeve.

A hinge made as described above achieves the aforementioned objectives thanks to the rigid connection between the bushing of the male hinge body and the profile of the frame using screws so as to reduce fatigue stress on the hinge as a whole.

This feature, without altering the basic structure of the hinge bodies, allows to increase the reliability and safety of maneuvering of the hinges over time, even in very large and heavy door or window units.

The fixed position of the male hinge body makes the installation and adjustment of the door or window unit much more practical and less difficult and, at the same time, faster and more precise.

It should be understood that the invention just described can be useful in many industrial applications and can be modified and adapted in various ways without thereby departing from the scope of the appended claims. In addition, all the details of the present invention can be replaced by technically equivalent elements.

Claims (10)

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Five fifty E06110044 01-13-2015 1.-Hinge for door or window units, in particular for very heavy door or window units comprising a fixed frame (1) and a movable frame (2) whose profiles define respective longitudinal grooves (C1, C2) for fixing of maneuvering accessories; the hinge (3) comprising at least: -a first male or lower hinge body (4) with a first cylindrical bushing (4a) and a first wing (4b) that can be associated, through respective first fixing means (5), with the groove (C1) of the fixed frame (1); - a second female or upper hinge body (6) with a second cylindrical bushing (6a) and a second wing (6b) that can be associated, through respective second fixing means (7), with the groove (C2) of the mobile frame (2); -a hinge bolt (8) that can be housed in the two bushings (4a, 6a) and which defines the axis of rotation (Z8) of the movable frame (2); - third means (9), arranged in the first cylindrical bushing (4a) of the first hinge body (4), to fix the first hinge body (4) and act between the first bushing (4a) and the surface of the fixed frame (1) faced with it, characterized by the fact that the hinge comprises: - first means (10) for adjusting the hinge (3) along a first vertical axis (Z) to vary the relative distance (D) between the movable frame (2) and a tread surface (P); Y - second means (16) for the separate adjustment along a second axis (Y) perpendicular to a vertical plane of the fixed frame (1) and along a third axis (X) parallel to said vertical plane; the second adjustment means (16) comprise a sleeve (16a), eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation (Z8) and which can be inserted between the second bushing (6a) and the hinge bolt (8), so that turning it allow these combined adjustments, the sleeve (16a) comprising locking means (17) to prevent the sleeve (16a) from sliding down the second bushing (6a); said locking means (17) comprising a sphere (18) housed in a first radial hole (18a) made in the sleeve (16a) in proximity to the upper end of the sleeve (16a); and a captive screw (19) housed in a respective second thread hole (20) perpendicular to the first hole (18a), accessible from the outside, and in communication with the first hole (18a) to allow contact between the captive screw (19) and the sphere (18) so that, if necessary, unscrewing the captive screw (19) the movement of the sphere (18) occurs in a radial direction towards the second bushing (6a) so as to block the sleeve (16a) against the second bushing (6a). 2. Hinge according to claim 1, which includes first means (10) for adjusting according to a first vertical axis (Z) suitable for varying a relative distance (D) between the movable frame (2) and a tread surface (P) , characterized by the fact that the first adjustment means (10) are arranged in the groove (C2) of the movable frame (2), in proximity to the second hinge body (6) and that they act between the movable frame (2) and The hinge (3) in order to vary the relative distance (D) between the movable frame (2) and the tread surface (P). 3. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the third fixing means comprise thread means (9) that can be introduced into respective radial through holes (12) made in the first hinge bushing (4a) of so that the thread means (9) can be screwed into the surface of the fixed frame (1). 4. Hinge according to claim 3, characterized in that the radial hole (12) has a countersunk portion (12v) inside the first bushing (4a) that allows the thread means (9) to be located without interfering with the bolt housing (8) in the first bushing (4a). 5. Hinge according to claim 2, characterized in that the first adjustment means (10) comprise a slide (2) that can be rigidly fixed to the mobile frame (2) by means of respective means (14) acting between the slide (13) and the respective groove (C2) and suitable to be brought into contact with the second wing (6b) of the second hinge body (6); the slide (13) having a longitudinal threaded through hole (13a) linked by a thread element (15) that can be screwed in and make it stop against the second wing (6b) to allow adjustment of the relative distance (D) between the movable frame (2) and the tread surface (P). 6. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the first bushing (4a) of the first hinge body (4) has an external cover element (21) that is fixed by sliding it axially on the surface of the same first bushing ( 4a). 7. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the bolt (8) has a lower end disposed within the first bushing (4a) and also has an axial threaded blind hole (22), which allows the connection with a suitable tool to pull, if necessary, the bolt (8) out of the hinge (3). 6 E06110044 01-13-2015 8. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that between the two hinge bodies (4 and 6) there is, during use, an anti-friction annular element (23). 9. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-friction annular element is a ball bearing (23). 10. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the sleeve (16a) has an annular extension (16c) protruding from the second bushing (6a) and whose external diameter is greater than the diameter of the same second bushing (6a) to define an element to cover and block, at least in part, an anti-friction annular element (23) located between the two bodies (4 and 6) that constitute the hinge (3). 7