ES2465746A2 - Dead concrete fonding (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Dead concrete anchor. The mooring dead is constituted by a trunk-pyramidal concrete body, in which two zones are defined, one upper and one lower, with a thickness for each of them, respectively, where the concrete density of the upper zone is lower than the concrete density of the lower zone. That is to say, the density of concrete is increasing in a downward direction, in order to achieve an optimum stability of the anchoring dead that constitutes said trunk-pyramidal body, this being endowed with an inverted pyramid on the center of its lower base, which favors the interlocking of the trunk-pyramidal body constitutive of the mooring dead, before possible lateral stresses on it. Said trunk-pyramidal concrete body is complemented with internal mesh with ties and cross anchors and configuration in "ω", projecting from the top and surpassing the lower mesh. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a concrete anchoring dead, whose obvious purpose is to achieve the immobilization of a surface body (usually a boat, or any floating body to which its position is to be secured).

The object of the invention is to achieve a greater holding capacity per m3 of volume, a greater resistance to "garreo" and an optimal interlocking of the dead on the bottom, notably improving the performance provided by conventional concrete dead.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

As is known, a mooring dead is usually a standard concrete block with a preferably cubic or rectangular prismatic configuration, which usually has an immobilization capacity of a surface body, in the face of strong tensions caused by wind, deep sea, high waves and with a sufficient period to exceed the retention limits of the dead.

These effects begin with the so-called "garreo" which is the movement that an element makes when it has lost the system of anchoring its bed, that is to say that it has separated from the bottom and begins to derive by the combined action of the tidal current and of the wind.

Well, this movement or movement of the dead on the seabed, can carry with it the destruction, if any, of the ecosystem, in addition to the loss of reference. Subsequently, the overturning and the situation tends to be rotational, so that changing its location on the seabed can change its draft, tending to be located in places of greater depth and can generate dangerous situations.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The concrete anchoring dead that has been recommended has been conceived to solve the problem described above based on some novel characteristics that will be exposed throughout this description.

More specifically, the dead person of the invention is characterized in the first place by being constituted by a trunk-pyramidal body, which at its base is centered with an inverted pyramid that will act as a pivot that favors and forces the interlocking by means of a tilt of the dead person when they occur lateral tensions in the corresponding anchorage zone of the dead, all this to achieve an increase in resistance to “garreo”.

The trunk-pyramidal body is materialized in concrete with a reinforcement of horizontal meshes sewn together resistant to seawater.

The trunk-pyramidal body of the dead person, that is, the one materialized in concrete, will have two pairs with different densities, an upper area of lower density than another lower zone that will be of greater density, the inverted pyramid of the base also presenting a density such as of the lower zone of the trunk-pyramidal body of the dead, with the particularity that the upper area of lower density will be of a concrete H-300 or higher with a density of 2.3 Kg / dm3 ± 15%, while the density In the lower part of the trunk-pyramidal body of the dead, it will have a density greater than 4.5 kg / dm3 ± 10%, depending on the aggregate used.

Obviously if the seabed were a good to be preserved for its ecological value, the density of the concrete should be as high as possible.

As for the components of concrete, they will be cement, water and aggregates, in a percentage of 7 to 11.5% of cement, 5.5 to 14% of water and 72 to 93% of aggregate, as regards at percentages by volume, with possible variation in both positive and negative sense of 10%, with the special feature that aggregates should have a good interrelation with seawater, such as granitic and others, so that the recommended minerals of Lower to higher density for higher density concretes will be Amphibolite, Barite, Hematite and Magnetite.

That trunk-pyramidal body of concrete constituting the dead will be complemented with an anchor determined by two elements in “0” of galvanized steel and arranged in a cross, emerging above the upper surface of the trunk-pyramidal body and penetrating until it exceeds the lower mesh .

It is also convenient to consider the angle formed by the lateral faces of the trunk-pyramidal body with respect to the vertical, since that angle will directly affect the positional and containment security of the anchorage, given that an increase of said angle, for the same weight of the trunk-pyramidal body of the dead, will generate an interlocking of the lower edges of the trunk-pyramidal body on the seabed, before lateral tensions in the corresponding anchorage area, in addition to acting the inverted pyramid of the base as a pivot that favors and strength said interlocking by means of a tilting of the trunk-pyramidal body itself, thus increasing the resistance to "garreo".

Obviously, the increase in the density of materials (concrete) in a downward direction, from the upper zone, and the thickness and density of each of them, always with positive increases, will define the safety and behavior of the anchoring dead itself.

Finally, say that the cement used to obtain the concrete will be an SR cement and that the density of the concrete used in the constitution of the truncated pyramidal body will be between 2 and 4.5 Kg / dm3, always with increasing density from the zone superior to the inferior zone, characteristic this one that increases of evident form the improvements of definitive behavior of the dead person.

The shape of the increasing density curve from the upper zone of the truncated pyramidal body of the dead to the lower zone determines its behavior.

It is also worth highlighting the fact that the trunk-pyramidal body that constitutes the mooring dead itself in its use, is recommended for environmentally sensitive seabed from an ecological and environmental point of view.

Finally, it should be noted that the actual submerged weight, for the same volume, is greater than that corresponding to a "dead anchor" executed on a regular basis, thus increasing its functional efficiency.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that will then be made and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:

Figure 1 shows a side elevational view of the mooring dead made in accordance with the object of the invention.

Figure 2.- Shows a plan view of the funding dead represented in the previous figure.

Figure 3.- Shows, finally, a sectional view corresponding to the cutting line (A-A ’) of Figure 2.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

As can be seen in the aforementioned figures, the mooring dead of the invention is constituted by a trunk-pyramidal body (1) with an inverted pyramid (2) in correspondence with the center of its lower base, as represented in the figures.

The concrete (3) corresponding to the upper area whose thickness is referenced with (H1) of Figure 3, is of lower density than the concrete (4) corresponding to the lower zone or section whose thickness is referenced with (H2) of that same figure 3.

That is to say, the density of the concrete is increasing in descending direction, considering as optimal densities the corresponding one to 2.3 Kg / dm3 in the upper zone, that is to say the thickness (H1), and greater than 2.5 Kg / dm3, until 4.5 Kg / dm3 in the lower zone, the thickness of which is referenced with (H2).

The composition of the concrete in any case will be based on cement, water and aggregate, with a proportion of 7 to 11.5% of cement, 7.5 to 14% of water and 72 to 93% of aggregate, with possible positive or negative variation of ± 10%, and where the aggregates will preferably be Amphibolite, Barite, Hematite and Magnetite.

The trunk-pyramidal body of the concrete dead (1) referred to is complemented with anchors (5) consisting of "0" elements, as shown in Figure 3, of galvanized or stainless steel and arranged in a cross, protruding above of the upper surface of the trunk-pyramidal body and exceeding below the lower mesh, since as said, the concrete includes some mesh (6) with ties (7), where those mesh and those ties will preferably be elements derived from natural stone, without discarding that they may be materialized in galvanized steel, or stainless, provided they offer high resistance and are unalterable to seawater.

Finally, say that the angle (a) that the sides (9) must form with respect to the vertical one, as shown in Figure 1, must be an angle that provides optimum positional and containment safety of the trunk body itself. pyramidal or dead of anchorage, so that an increase of that angle (a) for the same weight of the truncated pyramid body or dead of anchorage (1), generates an interlocking of the lower edges (10) in the seabed established below the line (11) of Figure 1, the inverted lower pyramid (2) acting as a pivot that favors and forces said interlocking by means of a tilting of the dead trunk-pyramidal body itself (1) in order to thereby increase the resistance to "garreo".

Claims (5)

 R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S 1.- Dead of concrete anchorage, constituted by a concrete body, is characterized in that said concrete body (1) is of a trunk-pyramidal configuration and in its main and lower base it incorporates an inverted pyramid inferiorly (2); having foreseen that the density of the concrete of the trunk-pyramidal body (1), from the upper zone (3) to the lower zone (4) is increasing, determining an upper area of thickness (H1) whose concrete density (3) is 2.3 Kg / dm3 ± 15%, while the lower zone has a thickness (H2) whose concrete density (4) is 4.5 Kg / dm3 ± 10%. 2. Dead concrete anchoring, according to claim 1, characterized in that the density of the concrete (3 and 4) corresponding to the upper and lower areas of the truncated pyramidal body (1), is between 2 Kg / dm3 and 4.5 Kg / dm3. 3. - Dead of concrete anchoring, according to previous claims, characterized in that the trunk-pyramidal body (1) of concrete includes meshes (6) with ties (7) to each other. 4. Dead concrete anchoring, according to claim 3, characterized in that the meshes (6) with their ties (7) are made of galvanized steel or stainless steel. 5. Dead concrete anchoring, according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it includes anchors (5) consisting of galvanized steel or stainless steel elements in the form of "0", arranged in a cross, protruding from the upper area of the body Pyramid-shaped trunk (1) and internally exceeding the lower mesh (6) of the concrete-pyramid-shaped body (1).