ES2418904B2 - SYSTEM FOR KINETIC MEASUREMENT OF PERIPHERAL VISION AND PERIPHERAL VISUAL ANTICIPATION. - Google Patents

Abstract

A bar-shaped device and a system for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and peripheral visual anticipation are claimed. The solution consists in determining when the visual stimulus appears in the peripheral visual field and in the estimation of its appearance at a certain point, recording if there is anticipation or delay, by using two equal and symmetrical bars in which they leave lighting rows of LED lights of different colors in a certain order. It solves the problem of determining both measures in situations closer to the reality of work or play with lighting similar to environmental ones.

Description

System for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and peripheral visual anticipation.

SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE

The invention is part of the Optometry and Ophthalmology sector, specifically in the determination of peripheral vision and anticipation

peripheral visual in people.

STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

The visual field in people is defined by the area in which each

person is able to see with fixed eyes at a point and its extent

complete covers from 60 ° nasal to 90 ° temporary and from

60 ° higher to 80 ° lower.

Thanks to the visual field, the peripheral retina can perceive objects that are not in the direct axis of vision and is especially sensitive to displacements, its most characteristic function being the detection of

movement. Perimetry determines the visual limits in its contour. In the

temporal retinal area a greater decrease in acuity is perceived

visual.

The peripheral visual field, outside the central 30 degrees, is

approximately five times larger in area than the central field and this will require a considerably long examination time in order to analyze it.

It is currently evaluated by three different methods: the visual field confrontation test, the tangent screen exam or exam

of the Goldmann visual field and automated perimetry.

The following is a summary of each visual exam.

Visual field confrontation test: it is a basic and quick review

of the visual field in which the examiner sits directly in front of the

Examined person, 50 cm at eye level. The examinee will cover a

eye and will stare into the eye "ontrario of the examiner with the other. A stimulus is placed where the examinee cannot see it and slowly leaves

moving towards your line of sight. You will be asked to say when you can see

said stimulus. Later it is repeated with the other eye.

Tangent screen exam or Goldmann visual field test: the

Examined person should sit approximately 1 meter away

of a screen with a target in ,, 1 center. You are asked to stare at the object in the center and let the examiner know when you can see an object

It moves towards its lateral vision. This exam creates a map of your vision

full peripheral.

Automated perimeter: the examined person sits in front of a dome

concave and fixes the view on an object in the middle. You will press a button when you see small flashes of light in your peripheral vision. Your answers help

to determine if you have a defect in the visual field.

Peripheral vision is considered crucial in team sports and there are several studies that report a superior development of the visual field in players who play sports. Even within these players, there are differences between those who have more experience (the expert uses peripheral vision while the inexperienced uses the central vision) and differences between players who play as a team (higher level of peripheral vision) or at the individual level.

Using the dynamic perimeter method, the stimulus moves slowly from the periphery of the visual field to the point of sight fixation.

The reaction time to the stimuli received in the periphery is greater than to those captured in the central region, but the visual panorama is broader and the perception is executed earlier, which compensates

the delay of the reaction.

On the other hand, peripheral vision varies in the same subject according to the

chromatic characteristics of the stimulus. That is, players with shirts

white or red will not be captured in the same way on the pitch and still

thus, he will react to them faster than if they were playing with blue, black or purple shirts.

In addition, the athlete perceives the object in motion before

discriminate the color in question. Currently, the peripheral visual field is evaluated with limited equipment in space, at distances within> a dome, where the

stimuli to be used to the extent, with lighting problems and therefore must be performed in a dark room, avoiding reflections in the superty perceived by the person examined.

The new invention aims to avoid these completely disparate conditions with the illumination of a normal activity of a person or a party

played by athletes from different disciplines on deck, within

a sports center or any sports center, with an artificial light away from the

Darkroom enabled for the measurement of the central and peripheral visual field.

In US5953101 a portable and handheld collimator is used to verify and measure peripheral vision loss.

In US201070296054 a method for improving vision is protected

peripheral adding objects or videos, in the peripheral vision area while

the view is fixed at a cent point ", 1 (fovea). Any type of electronic device that has a screen for the reproduction of the

images: mobile phones, tablets, computers, ...

In W020110239478, a system for evaluating peripheral vision through the use of videos and animations is presented. The subject to evaluate is

monitored by a camera that sends the obtained images to a

second computer screen in such a way that the examiner can

observe the eye movements of the examinee while the

automated perimeter test.

Another difference with this standardized instrument is the kinetic sequence

produced by the computer program included in the measurement bar for the

peripheral vision to protect that causes stimuli to simulate a

sliding in a rail, by its arrangement in the bar; in front of

random presentations of the stimuli in the dome, as if points

Loose they will be treated and without any sensation of movement.

This measure should be the key for the instrument to be sufficiently attractive as a system for measuring and training athletes and making a significant statistical difference so that the success of the play is total.

It is intended that any collective sports training be interested in these two measures, determination of the kinetic or dynamic peripheral visual field and peripheral anticipation, to check the deficiencies of some players of their squad, displacing them from their current position when necessary and take advantage of more the play area where its peripheral visual field is most effective, given the physical and tactical characteristics of the athlete of value, deficient in an incorrect position.

This invention aims to cover deficit aspects of the evaluation of the quality of vision in these professionals but also to discover defects of this type in other professionals such as drivers of any type

of transport or people who have to have their eyes focused on a

Point for your work. They may suffer variations of the environment, which on the

road can be crossed from any object in a surprising way, or that

produce important lateral movements that may endanger the

activity of any active person or worker_

Another added advantage is that it can be used as a subjective test of evaluation of peripheral vision in the open field because the equipment can be moved outside the laboratory. This way you get more measures

close to the natural conditions of work or play.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a complete system for measuring and assessing kinetic peripheral vision and peripheral visual anticipation in any person with good optical compensation, with glasses or contact lenses, and a visual acuity greater than 0.8.

.

.,

It can also be used as a subjective test of evaluation of peripheral vision in the open field, so it is useful in sports vision, both in Optometry and Ophthalmology.

To carry out the measurements a device is used, in the form of a bar, which

It is also claimed and used in duplicate. The two bars are equal and symmetrical with respect to an army that passes through the person evaluated. They are hollow, of rectangular section, (fig. 1) And are made in any

rigid material

Each bar has on the front side two rows of seven lights each: one of LEO (Light Emitting Diode) of white color (1) at the top and another of LEO RGB (Red, Green, B / u ,,) three-color (2), red, blue and green, in the

bottom. On that same front side, on one of the bars there is a

liquid crystal display (3).

A conlrol element (4) is incorporated just above the sixth LEO light, starting to count from the furthest part of the examined one. This item

It is solid, dark in color, to accentuate the contrast with the light color of the

bar, and also rectangular shape. It is perpendicular to the

bar.

On the back of the bar there are two switches (8,9), one to exchange the lighting of the white or three-color lights and another to vary the color to be shown in the three-color LEO lights between red, blue and green.

They also connect to bar two; external pushbuttons (10.11), by means of two cables.

Inside the bar is an electronic circuit (3) to perform

the programmed functions, based on a PIC microchip (6) to control the lights, and the connections between it and the switches (8,9), the lights (1, 2), the push buttons (10,11) and the display of liquid crystal (3). There is also a

power supply for the systemi3.

The bars are mounted on tripods (Fig_2) And to attach them it is drilled

in the center of its lower plate a hole (7) that holds them. The

Tripods adjust in height to level the bars with the eyes of the person

evaluated. They also allow the measurement of the limits of the visual field

peripheral in several directions and for this there is a pendular level,

which measures the angle of inclination, placed in the center of the bar.

s

The system works as follows for vision measurement

peripheral The person to be evaluated is placed sitting between the two bars

symmetrical and equidistant, at a certain distance from them. The bars

They are level at eye level. This person then has to fix

its view at a central point located at a certain distance, such

10

so you can not change the position of the head or move the eyes.

Hold a button (10) attached to a bar in each hand:

the right hand is connected to the right bar and in the left hand, the

connected to the left bar.

The optometrist or professional in charge will also have two subjects

fifteen

push-buttons (11), one in each hand, as examined. In this way

activate the chosen sequence of lights, successively lighting the rows

of the lights, sometimes from the right bar and sometimes from the left. Nail

sometimes white and other three-colored lights, but in a single preset color,

by operating the switches (8, 9).

twenty

The row lights go on, yielding, at the desired speed, of

neat way: first the LED farthest from the person, then the next

closest, then the next one and so on until the last

close to the examinee. That is, from the periphery of the visual field to the

point of fixation of sight and simulating the displacement of the stimulus to the

25

along the entire side as a moving object.

The examinee will have to be able to perceive the visual stimulus, in this

case a row light on, indicating the precise moment at which

perceive At that time the stimulus has entered his field of vision

peripheral and the examinee will have to> press the button corresponding to the

30

on the side on which you received the stimulus, interrupting the operation.

You will also have to indicate the color of the light received.

The liquid crystal display (3) re, will strap the time elapsed from the lighting of the manually selected LED row until the person can see the stimulus when it reaches the limits of the useful or functionally active peripheral field.

For the measurement of peripheral visual anticipation the process of lighting the lights is the same and is also initiated by the examiner. On this occasion the person will have to press the button (10) of the corresponding hand when he estimates that the light of the sixth LED will turn on, just the one under the control element.

The examiner then checks whether this light has actually been turned on and if there has been anticipation or delay in the examination of the examinee

regarding the moment when the light has really come on. To calculate this difference, if it exists, information from some databases in which the times are tabulated have been entered into the microchip

corresponding.

This difference, measured in units of time, is the one that will be shown on the liquid crystal display and will be positive when there is procrastination and negative

When there is anticipation.

The measurements are made at the desired ignition speed, with different colors and with the possibility of evaluating the anticipation of the stimulus in thousandths of a second.

In a more particular embodiment, it is possible to retransport all the bars, tripods and pushbuttons outside to perform measurements in the environment of the work area or its competition zone.

In another more particular embodiment, a computer application is added to the bar, in the electronic circuit (3), which adds the possibility of an automatic oscillation, in any direction, to trace nonlinear movements of all kinds, simulating a more real trajectory. It would be interesting,

In addition, allow the program to randomly vary the speed of

displacement of LED lights, to more accurately calibrate any similar action in the development of the game or sport.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The explanatory and non-limiting drawings described below are described below.

accompany the present invention:

Figure 1: Plan, elevation and profile of a bar for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and peripheral visual anticipation with: seven white LEO (1), seven LEO RGB - red, blue and green - (2), a screen of liquid crystal (3), a control element (4) on the sex10 LEO, an electronic system (5), based on a PIC microchip (6) to control the lights, a hole (7) to hold the bar to a tripod , two switches (8,9) for changing the colors of the LEO rows, between RGB to white or vice versa, and the connections between the

elements.

Figure 2: Representation of the system with the two peripheral bars with the person evaluated holding two pushbuttons (10), one in each hand, and two others for the optometrist examiner (11).

Figure 3: Representation of the electronic circuit (5).

Figure 4: Representation of the PIC 16F876A microchip (6).

MODE OF INVENTION

The present invention is further illustrated by the following example, which is not intended to limit its scope.

The two hollow bars have been made with plastic material of dimensions: 60 mm high, 110 mm wide and 1000 mm long. The thickness of the

Blades is millimeter. The support was holed with holes dE ~ 5 mm, separated 11 cm from each other, to

insert the fourteen LEO: white (1) in the upper part and three (RGB, Red, Green, B / ue) RGB (2), red, blue and green, in the upper part.

The diameter of the lights is 5 mm. A hole was also made for

liquid crystal display (3) that has dimensions of 25 mm high and 72 mm wide.

An electronic circuit (3) of rectangular surface, of a size of 200 mm x 100 mm, which includes a PIC 16F873A microchip (6) with 28 pins has been incorporated inside.

At the base of the hollow bar a hole (7) of 10 mm in diameter has been drilled to insert the tripod and be able to make the coupling between them.

At the top of the hollow bar: a on the sixth LED the

control element of plastic material in black dimensions are 160

x 115 x 30 mm.

The switches (8,9) used to exchange the lighting of the white or three-color lights, varying between red, blue and green were two

4C rotary switches, 3 positions, for printed circuit. They were used

of the 16 series (LORLlN CK) and its turning angle is 30 °. They vary from 150 mA to 250 VAC and give more than twelve positions.

The two pushbuttons connected to the bar (10.11) are panel type, 30x18 mm and round button.

The Sps025-05 model has been used as the power supply for 1 system, with AC 100-240 V AC input and DC 5V / 5A DC output. A lever-type two-circuit breaker that has two independent circuits to cut the power supply from two separate 3 Amp / 250 Vac sources was added to each bar.

The following were used to record the times used

measurements:

height of the lower row of light: 152 cm;

distance between the 7 'light (closest to the one evaluated) and the axis of symmetry of the bars: 162 cm;

distance from the center point, where, fix the gaze, to the bar, measured on the axis of symmetry of the bars: T7 cm;

distance of the evaluated to the bar: the first record was taken at 35 cm, the second at 50 cm and the third at; '0 cm.

Claims (11)

1. System for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and anticipation  peripheral visual characterized because it comprises at least two equal, symmetrical and 5 equidistant from each other and the person to be evaluated; and because the devices are shaped like a bar, they are hollow, of rectangular section, they are made of any rigid material; and because each bar presents: on the front side, two rows of seven lights each: one LED of 10 white color (1) at the top and another of three-color RGB LEDs (2), red, blue and green, at the bottom and a liquid crystal display (3); a control element (4) just above the sixth LED light, starting at  count from the furthest part of the examinee; 15 on the back of the bar, two switches (8.9), one to exchange the lighting of white or three-color lights and another to vary the color to show in the tricolor LED lights between red, blue and green. inside the bar, an electronic circuit (3) to perform the 20 programmed functions, based on a Pie microchip (6) to control the lights, and the c: onexiones between this one and the switches (8,9), the lights (1, 2), the push buttons (10.11) and the liquid crystal display (3) and a power supply for the system. two external pushbuttons (10.11), connected to the bar by 25 wires 2. Procedure for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and peripheral visual anticipation characterized in that, for the measurement of vision  peripheral, it comprises at least the following phases:  situation of the person to evaluate sitting between the two symmetric bars and equidistant, at a certain distance from them; fixation of the gaze at a central point located at a certain distance without changing the position of the head or moving the eyes;  activation of the sequence of lights chosen by the examiner, successively turning on the rows of lights, activating the switches (8, 9); Turn on single row lights, at the desired speed, in an orderly manner: first the LED farthest from the person, then the next closest, then the next and so on until the one closest to the examinee is turned on at the end; indication by the examinee of the precise moment in which he receives the light stimulation by actuating the button (10) corresponding to the side on which he received the stimulus,  interrupting the operation of the bar; indication by the examinee of the color of the received light; recording on the liquid crystal display (3) of the time elapsed since the first LED of the row selected manually was turned on until the  person presses the button. 3. Procedure for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and peripheral visual anticipation characterized in that, for the measurement of peripheral visual anticipation, includes at least the following phases: situation of the person to be evaluated sitting between the two symmetrical and equidistant bars, at a demarcated distance from them; fixation of the gaze at any central point without changing the position or  of the head or move the eyes; activation of the sequence of lights chosen by the examiner, the rows of lights turning on successively, activating the switches (8, 9); turn on the lights of a row, at the desired speed, in an orderly manner: first the LEO furthest from the person, then the next closest, then the next and so on until the one closest to the examinee is turned on at the end; 5 indication by the examinee of the moment in which it considers that the light of the sixth LEO is going to turn on, just 1 :. which is below the control element (4), by actuating the button (10) corresponding to the side on which the row has been turned on, interrupting the operation of the bar; 10 record in the liquid crystal display (3) of a measurement, in units of time. 4. System for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and anticipation peripheral visual according to claim 1 characterized in that the control element (4) is solid, dark in color, to accentuate the contrast with the color 15 clear of the bar, and also rectangular in shape and perpendicular to the bar. 5. System for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and anticipation peripheral visual according to claim: ion 1 characterized in that each bar is located on a tri-adjustable height can and because to attach them a hole (7) that holds them to them is drilled in the center of its lower plate. 6. System for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and anticipation peripheral visual according to claims 1 and 5 characterized in that the tripods are adjusted in height to nil / elar the bars with the eyes of the person 25 evaluated. 7. System for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and anticipation peripheral visual according to claims 1 and 5 characterized in that the tripods allow the measurement of 10: 3 limits of the peripheral visual field in several directions and angles and for this there is a pendular level, which measures the angle of inclination, placed in the center of the bar. 8. System for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and anticipation Peripheral visual according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that it is transportable to carry out the measurements in surroundings of the work area or its competition zone of the person to be evaluated. 5 9. Procedure for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and peripheral visual anticipation according to claim 2 characterized in that the manual activation of the ignition sequence performed by the examiner for a computer application, included in the circuit electronic (3), and that performs an automatic oscillation, in any 10 direction, to draw nonlinear movements of all kinds, simulating a more real trajectory. 10. Procedure for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and peripheral visual anticipation according to claim 3 characterized in that the measure of time provided is calculated as the difference between the time it took for the examinee to press the button (10) and the data entered in a database with tabulated times. 11. Procedure for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and peripheral visual anticipation according to claim 3 and 10 characterized in that the difference will be positive when there is procrastination and negative when 20 there is anticipation. 12. Procedure for the kinetic measurement of peripheral vision and peripheral visual anticipation according to claims 2 and 3 characterized because the perception of the E> stimulus is evaluated in thousandths of a second.