ES2393775A1 - Coverage of exterior thermal insulation for buildings. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Coverage of external thermal insulation for buildings, comprising a first layer (3) of ecological sanitation mortar with thermal and acoustic insulation properties, a core (4) of insulating panels, a second layer (5) of ecological mortar and an outer layer (6) decorative plaster mortar. The panels forming the core (4) have channels (7) arranged diagonally with respect to their sides, and several perforations (8) that determine solid piles (9) between the layers (3 and 5) of mortar. The outer layer (6) is made of aged and pulped fat lime mortar, reinforced with a fiberglass mesh. In addition, it contemplates a coating (10) of pure mineral paint based on silicates and reinforced with silanes, on the outer layer (6). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

EXTERNAL THERMAL INSULATION COVERAGE FOR BUILDINGS

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The invention, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to an external thermal insulation covering for buildings, which provides the state of the art with several advantages and novelty features, which will be described in detail below, which entail an improvement over conventional systems currently used for the same purpose.

In particular, the object of the invention focuses on an integrated thermal insulation system that is incorporated on the outside of the facades, which improve the thermal behavior of the elements that make up the building envelope, taking advantage of each and every one of its properties, which, essentially, consisting of the placement of an ecological sanitation mortar with thermal and acoustic properties, on which insulating panels are embedded, to subsequently cover them with the same

mortar

Y finish with a  mortar from plastered

decorative,

creating a sandwich, from excellent

properties

thermal, breathable Y from great

resistance to

fire.

FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

The scope of the present invention falls within the technical sector of the

construction, focusing particularly on the field

of external thermal insulation systems.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present, and as a reference to the state of the art, it should be noted that, on the part of the applicant, the existence of any other insulating cover or invention of similar application that has similar technical, structural and constitutive characteristics to those presented is unknown. the one recommended here, the characterizing details that distinguish it from what is already known, adequately included in the final claims that accompany the present specification thereof.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

Thus, the external thermal insulation coverage for buildings that the present invention proposes is configured as a remarkable novelty within its field of application, since according to its implementation and in a restrictive way an insulation system that improves thermal behavior is achieved of the elements that make up the external envelope of buildings.

Specifically, as indicated above, what the invention proposes is an external thermal insulation covering for buildings that, structured as a sandwich, comprises a first layer of ecological sanitation mortar with thermal and acoustic properties, in the

that

be embed panels insulators Y that, to its time, be

cover

with a second cap from saying mortar,

contemplating

on is a cap external from mortar

from

plastered decorative.

5

So,

the coverage from isolation thermal

exterior for buildings

that the invention proposes is

a

system from isolation thermal by he Exterior that

reduce

from shape significant on impact on the middle

1 o

ambient, presents a eco-balance Excellent Y meets

the

beginning from sustainability, being their

main advantages

the following:

Great

Capacity Calorific, already that It allows

fifteen

environments climate good protected, due to its

great

capacity calorific, reducing the demand

energetic

of the building, so much in winter how in

summer.

20 Respect for the environment, since it is respectful of the environment and its waste is completely recyclable.

Permanent savings, since it allows

25 make the most of the ability of the walls to accumulate heat. Likewise, thermal bridges are avoided and construction damages by condensation water formation are successfully prevented, without having to invest in costly corrective measures.

30 In addition, the proposed external thermal insulation coverage constitutes an application that integrates thermal insulation and cladding into a single system, which is ideal both for shaping the

35 envelope in new works to rehabilitate existing buildings.

Another advantage of the

coverage of the invention is that they can be reached

eliminate large temperature fluctuations in the

bearing wall, thereby reducing tensions and

5

with it the danger of cracking in the

coatings for dilations and contractions,

motivated mainly by the constant changes of

temperature during the day / night cycle in the year,

extending its useful life and maintaining the value

1 o

construction of the facades

On the other hand, it should be noted that the

recommended coverage meets, at the level of isolation and

health, the requirements of the new Technical Code

fifteen

of the Building, even in the coldest areas.

It provides excellent results on enclosures

traditional in use and in new construction.

It is therefore verified that the coverage of

twenty

exterior thermal insulation for buildings

described represents an innovation of features

structural and constitutive unknown so far

for the purpose to which it is intended, reasons that together with its

practical utility, provide it with sufficient foundation

25

to obtain the privilege of exclusivity that

request.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

30

To complement the description that is being

performing and in order to help a better

understanding of the features of the invention, it

accompanies the present specification, as part

35

member of it, of a set of planes, in the

that with an illustrative and non-limiting nature

represented the following:

Figure number 1. - It shows a view in perspective view, partially sectioned, of an exemplary embodiment of the external thermal insulation cover for buildings object of the invention, showing in it the parts and elements that integrate it as well as the configuration and their disposition.

Figure number 2.- Shows an enlarged and sectional view of the cover according to the invention, showing in it the arrangement of the elements it comprises and its arrangement on the exterior wall of the building.

The

figure number 3. Sample a view in

raised

from a example from panel insulating favorite with

that

bill the coverage advocated, appreciating the

particular configuration of

same.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In view of the aforementioned figures, and in accordance with the numbering adopted, an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention can be observed therein, which comprises the parts and elements indicated and described in detail below.

Thus, as seen in these figures, the cover (1) in question is configured from a sandwich structure that is applied on the outer wall (2) of the building to which it is intended, comprising a first layer (3 ) of ecological sanitation mortar with thermal properties and

acoustics, on which a core (4) of insulating panels is embedded, which, in turn, are coated with a second layer (5) of the aforementioned ecological mortar with thermal and acoustic insulating properties, being contemplated on this second layer (5) mortar an outer layer (6) of decorative plastering mortar.

The core (4), which can be composed of plates of EPS or NATURAL CORK and whose thickness can be variable depending on the thermal resistance required in each area, has two channels on its two faces

(7) in the form of recesses type tail-dove arranged diagonally with respect to the sides of the plate or panel itself, providing a very high tensile strength.

In addition it has several perforations (8) that facilitate the exit of the excess of the layers (3 and 4) of adhesive mortar, when they are pressed on it in fresh, ensuring a distribution of the same in the whole surface of the piece.

Once the mortar layers have hardened, thanks to the perforations (8) mentioned, solid channels or piles (9) originate between the mortar layers, which in addition to providing extra fixation and integration of the core (4) of the plates insulation in the mortar, allow to evacuate possible moisture and perspiration of the wall (2).

The coverage (1) is therefore based on the simplification of layers and elimination of polymeric, acrylic, synthetic and metallic components, to convert it into an almost-mineral system.

As for the mortar layers (3 and 5), they act as an adhesive of the core (4) of insulating plates, providing excellent tensile strength and thus, the durability and resistance of the entire covering (1).

They also have excellent additional characteristics, since it is a water-resistant mortar, adhesive without vertical sliding with prolonged open time, protection against the fire of the plates and great elasticity.

Such elasticity is extraordinarily important for durability, since only then can slight subsequent displacements between the support and the plates be compensated.

These layers (3, 5) of mortar, acquire vital importance for the stability and suitability of the coverage, since they perform a multiple function:

Restores the flatness of the support wall (2) for a correct settlement of the plates of the

nucleus

(4).

-Waterproof the

Wall (2)

-Fixed

the plates insulators of the nucleus (4) to

to the

Wall (2) removing gaps between both.

Act

how mortar from cover nto Y

protector of

the plates.

-

They allow the zones to be corrected with thicknesses

where plate placement is not possible. -Nullify all thermal bridges -Allows breathability of the wall (2).

Furthermore, said mortar layers make it possible for the tensile strength between the support wall (2) and the core insulating plates (4) to be greater than the hardness of the insulating plates themselves, even after being subjected to climatic cycles

(heat, water and ice-thaw).

Finally, the outer layer (6) is a layer that protects against mechanical loads and weathering. It is formed by a layer of aged and paste fat lime mortar, reinforced with a fiberglass mesh, which allows the joint between the base coating that protects the plate, that is, between the second layer (5) of mortar and the mesh is strong and elastic at the same time.

Preferably, said outer layer is made of pure lime (CL-90-S) certified according to standard UNE-EN 459-1: 2001, of very high calcium content, hydrated in paste and with aging or rest longer than 1 year, and Siliceous and limestone sands of high purity and selected granulometries, certified according to standard: UNE-EN 12 62 O 1 UNE-EN 13139 1 UNE-EN 13043 1 UNE-EN 13242. This mortar has qualities that cannot be obtained naturally with Cements or with artificial limes.

Due to the excellent purity of the lime with which it is manufactured, it provides excellent bioclimatic properties, allows gaseous changes between the interior and exterior of the building, in addition to offering greater plasticity and workability due to:

-

The hexagonal shape of the crystals of hydrated lime gives it greater plasticity.

-The high fineness of hydrated lime (size of the order of 1 micron), as well as the content of aggregates

fine that favors workability.

The greater specific surface of the lime provides more workability and plasticity as well as the smaller particle size, a greater aggregate coating is obtained.

-

It is compatible with the other materials that make up the coverage, from the chemical, structural and mechanical points of view.

Maintains the original appearance and firmness providing greater durability

-

It has excellent adhesion on the base support, due to the fineness of the lime and the water retention that maintains its basic pH for longer (> 12).

The cover (1) is capable of absorbing, without deteriorating, a large amount of energy per impact, since the mortars that make up the layers (3, 5) in which the core (4) is embedded, have the necessary adhesion and elasticity to ensure maximum mechanical strength of the assembly.

Said layers (3, 5) of mortar constitute a coating that protects the core plates (4) against the weather and gives them mechanical resistance.

The resistance of said mortar coating increases with the setting time and carbonation thereof.

It is important to note that since the cover (1) is continuously exposed to the weather, the durability of the assembly depends, above all, on the degree of humidity. Therefore, in order to adequately protect both the system and the underlying materials, it is necessary that all its components be water repellent. Normally, hydrofugants of the type of metal soaps (sterates and oleates) are used

Optionally, the cover (1) is treated with a coating (10) of a pure silicate-based mineral paint and reinforced with silanes, which provides excellent water vapor permeability and low water absorption, fundamental properties that make it in a durable coating, (renewal cycles are extended to twenty years or more).

The use of said paint coating (10) increases the energy savings achieved with the system and contributes to remedy the weak point of conventional external insulation systems, that is, the tendency to form condensation water on the surface and the consequent microbial contamination (algae, moss, etc.).

This greater efficiency of the cover (1), on conventional systems, is due to the fact that the said coating (1 O) of paint, on the layer

external

(6) from lime grease, reduce the appearance from

cracks

Y from damage mechanics, already that compensate the

differences

thermal between the surface of the

enclosure

Y he air.

The coverings of the cover are resistant to moisture, diluted alkalis, acids (acid rain), as well as components

ultraviolet and infrared of the solar light, hence, which are extremely resistant to weathering, exhaust gases and microorganisms.

5 Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to extend its explanation so that any person skilled in the art understands its scope and the advantages of it

10 derive, stating that, within its essentiality, it may be put into practice in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and which will also achieve the protection that is sought as long as it does not

15 alter, change or modify its fundamental principle.

Claims (5)

1.-EXTERNAL THERMAL INSULATION COVERAGE FOR BUILDINGS, of the type that is configured from a sandwich structure that is applied on the outer wall (2) of the building to which it is intended, characterized by comprising a first layer (3) of ecological sanitation mortar with thermal and acoustic insulating properties, on which a core (4) of insulating panels is embedded which, in turn, are coated with a second layer (5) of the aforementioned ecological mortar with thermal insulating properties and acoustics, an outer layer (6) of decorative plastering mortar being contemplated on this second layer (5) of mortar; in which the panels that form the core (4) have two channels on their two faces (7) arranged diagonally with respect to the sides of the panel itself, and several perforations (8) that determine solid piles (9) between the layers (3 and 5) of mortar. 2.-EXTERNAL THERMAL INSULATION COVERAGE FOR BUILDINGS, according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers (3 and 5) of mortar are hydrophobic mortar. 3.-EXTERNAL THERMAL INSULATION COVERAGE FOR BUILDINGS, according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer layer (6) is formed by a layer of aged and paste fat lime mortar, reinforced with a fiberglass mesh. 4.-EXTERNAL THERMAL INSULATION COVERAGE FOR BUILDINGS, according to claim 1, characterized in that it contemplates a coating (10) of pure mineral paint based on silicates and reinforced with silanes, on the outer layer (6). 5.-EXTERNAL THERMAL INSULATION COVERAGE FOR BUILDINGS, according to claim 1, 5 characterized in that the channels (7) diagonally of the core panels (4) are channels in the form of tail-dovetail recesses.