ES2387281A1 - Device and method for purifying water - Google Patents
Device and method for purifying water Download PDFInfo
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- ES2387281A1 ES2387281A1 ES201130239A ES201130239A ES2387281A1 ES 2387281 A1 ES2387281 A1 ES 2387281A1 ES 201130239 A ES201130239 A ES 201130239A ES 201130239 A ES201130239 A ES 201130239A ES 2387281 A1 ES2387281 A1 ES 2387281A1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
- C02F1/002—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using small portable filters for producing potable water, e.g. personal travel or emergency equipment, survival kits, combat gear
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F9/20—Portable or detachable small-scale multistage treatment devices, e.g. point of use or laboratory water purification systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2307/00—Location of water treatment or water treatment device
- C02F2307/02—Location of water treatment or water treatment device as part of a bottle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K2207/00—Application of thermometers in household appliances
- G01K2207/02—Application of thermometers in household appliances for measuring food temperature
- G01K2207/06—Application of thermometers in household appliances for measuring food temperature for preparation purposes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Dispositivo y procedimiento de purificación de agua Water purification device and procedure
La presente invención pertenece al sector del tratamiento del agua, y más concretamente a dispositivos o aparatos de purificación de agua para su consumo, empleo doméstico o aplicaciones cualesquiera. The present invention belongs to the water treatment sector, and more specifically to water purification devices or devices for consumption, domestic use or any application.
El objeto principal de la presente invención es un dispositivo de purificación de agua que permite la filtración, potabilización y destilación de agua, únicamente a partir de su exposición solar, sin empleo de energía eléctrica alguna, destacando además por su carácter portátil y sencillo manejo. The main object of the present invention is a water purification device that allows filtration, purification and distillation of water, only from its solar exposure, without the use of any electrical energy, also standing out for its portable nature and simple operation.
El agua subterránea es la mayor reserva de agua potable de fácil acceso para la humanidad, por lo que su contaminación constituye un serio problema. No existen valores estándar aceptados a nivel mundial para definir el agua potable, ya que éstos varían en los distintos países en función de sus características ambientales, culturales, sociales y económicas. Groundwater is the largest reservoir of drinking water easily accessible to mankind, so pollution is a serious problem. There are no worldwide accepted standard values to define drinking water, since these vary in different countries depending on their environmental, cultural, social and economic characteristics.
El mayor riesgo de enfermedades transmitidas por el agua se observa en niños, ancianos, personas débiles o que viven en condiciones insalubres. Las enfermedades transmitidas por el agua pueden tener diferentes causas; en términos generales, el principal riesgo de enfermedad está asociado con la ingestión de aguas superficiales o subterráneas contaminadas con bacterias provenientes de materia fecal humana o animal. Las enfermedades infecciosas, en su mayoría intestinales, van desde una leve gastroenteritis hasta diarreas severas (a veces mortales), hepatitis y fiebre tifoidea. The greatest risk of waterborne diseases is observed in children, the elderly, weak people or living in unhealthy conditions. Waterborne diseases can have different causes; In general terms, the main risk of disease is associated with the ingestion of surface or ground water contaminated with bacteria from human or animal fecal matter. Infectious diseases, mostly intestinal, range from mild gastroenteritis to severe (sometimes fatal) diarrhea, hepatitis and typhoid fever.
Como ya es sabido, el agua destinada al consumo humano debe recibir unos tratamientos previos, que se establecen según la calidad inicial de la misma. La desinfección del agua, que implica la muerte o inactivación de los microorganismos patógenos, es indispensable cuando se detecta la presencia de bacterias y/o virus. Actualmente, tanto en países en vías de desarrollo como en países desarrollados, existen pueblos y ciudades en los que únicamente se tiene acceso a agua de mala calidad. Incluso el agua de los ríos aunque esté limpia también produce los mismos síntomas, ya que el cuerpo humano se ha acostumbrado a consumir un agua tratada. As is already known, water destined for human consumption must receive some previous treatments, which are established according to the initial quality of it. Water disinfection, which implies the death or inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms, is essential when the presence of bacteria and / or viruses is detected. Currently, both in developing countries and in developed countries, there are towns and cities where there is only access to poor quality water. Even the water of the rivers even if it is clean also produces the same symptoms, since the human body has become accustomed to consuming treated water.
Actualmente existen en el Estado de la Técnica purificadores de agua que, si bien cumplen la función principal de limpiar y purificar el agua para su posterior uso, requieren de una instalación fija, estando formados por varios cartuchos o recipientes que afectan negativamente a su tamaño, y en consecuencia, impiden su transporte y dificultan su manejo en exteriores. Más concretamente se conocen purificadores para su conexión a los grifos de las cocinas de las viviendas. Dichos purificadores tan solo son capaces de filtrar y potabilizar el agua, sin posibilidad de destilarla, lo cual impide una limpieza e higiene todavía mayores del agua a tratar. Currently there are water purifiers in the State of the Art that, although they fulfill the main function of cleaning and purifying water for later use, require a fixed installation, being formed by several cartridges or containers that negatively affect their size, and consequently, they prevent their transport and hinder their handling outdoors. More specifically, purifiers are known for connection to the faucets in the kitchens of the houses. These purifiers are only able to filter and purify the water, without the possibility of distilling it, which prevents even greater cleaning and hygiene of the water to be treated.
Por otro lado, es bien conocido el poder germicida de la luz ultravioleta (UV), la cual destruye y acaba con bacterias, virus, microorganismos y demás gérmenes patógenos presentes en el agua. Dicho mecanismo de desinfección se basa en un fenómeno físico por el cual las ondas cortas de la radiación ultravioleta son absorbidas por el mecanismo reproductor de las bacterias y virus destruyéndolos en poco tiempo, sin producir cambios físicos o químicos notables en el agua tratada. On the other hand, the germicidal power of ultraviolet (UV) light, which destroys and destroys bacteria, viruses, microorganisms and other pathogenic germs present in water, is well known. Said disinfection mechanism is based on a physical phenomenon whereby the short waves of ultraviolet radiation are absorbed by the reproductive mechanism of bacteria and viruses by destroying them in a short time, without producing notable physical or chemical changes in the treated water.
Asimismo es también conocido el empleo de “carbón activado” en procesos de purificación y tratamiento de aguas, el cual se caracteriza por poseer una cantidad muy grande de microporos (poros menores que 2 nanómetros), lo que le hace ser enormemente eficiente en fenómenos de adsorción y filtración. Cabe señalar por último la existencia en el mercado de las llamadas “pinturas termocrómicas” las cuales cambian de color con la temperatura de forma reversible. El color y la temperatura de transición de dichas pinturas termocrómicas pueden diseñarse a medida según las necesidades de cada aplicación. It is also known the use of "activated carbon" in water purification and treatment processes, which is characterized by having a very large amount of micropores (pores smaller than 2 nanometers), which makes it extremely efficient in phenomena of adsorption and filtration. It should be noted finally the existence in the market of the so-called "thermochromic paints" which change color with the temperature reversibly. The color and transition temperature of said thermochromic paints can be custom designed according to the needs of each application.
El problema técnico que aquí se plantea es la incapacidad que existe actualmente para filtrar, potabilizar y destilar agua mediante un único dispositivo, y que además éste sea portátil y fácil de utilizar, para su empleo tanto en exteriores como en interiores, sin necesidad de emplear ningún tipo de componente eléctrico o electrónico, y sin el requerimiento de baterías o pilas de alimentación. The technical problem that arises here is the inability that currently exists to filter, purify and distill water using a single device, and that this is also portable and easy to use, for use both outdoors and indoors, without using No type of electrical or electronic component, and without the requirement of batteries or power batteries.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Mediante la presente invención se resuelven los inconvenientes anteriormente citados proporcionando un dispositivo y un procedimiento de purificación de agua que destaca fundamentalmente por permitir la filtración, potabilización y destilación de agua, únicamente a partir de energía solar, sin la incorporación de ningún componente eléctrico (pilas, baterías, sensores, etc.), lo que redunda en un menor coste de fabricación, destacando además por su carácter portátil y ergonómico, lo que permite aumentar su abanico de aplicaciones, y le confiere la capacidad de ser usado en cualquier lugar y/o situación, tanto en interiores como en exteriores. By means of the present invention, the aforementioned drawbacks are resolved by providing a water purification device and method that stands out primarily for allowing filtration, purification and distillation of water, only from solar energy, without the incorporation of any electrical component (batteries , batteries, sensors, etc.), which results in a lower manufacturing cost, also standing out for its portable and ergonomic character, which allows to increase its range of applications, and gives it the ability to be used anywhere and / or situation, both indoors and outdoors.
Cabe señalar asimismo que el dispositivo de purificación aquí descrito no requiere de ninguna formación previa para su uso, pues su manejo es sencillo, apto para ser utilizado por cualquier persona, sin exclusión de niños o ancianos. It should also be noted that the purification device described here does not require any prior training for its use, since its handling is simple, suitable for use by any person, not excluding children or the elderly.
El dispositivo de purificación de agua objeto de invención comprende al menos: The water purification device object of the invention comprises at least:
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- un recipiente, preferente de configuración cilíndrica y vertical, destinado a albergar en su interior el agua que se desea purificar, y que presenta en su superficie una zona provista con pintura termocrómica y otra zona transparente, a container, preferably of cylindrical and vertical configuration, intended to house inside the water to be purified, and which has on its surface an area provided with thermochromic paint and another transparent area,
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- una pieza central destinada a insertarse en el interior del recipiente, y que comprende un tubo vertical en cuyo extremo inferior presenta un cuerpo horizontal coaxial de mayor diámetro que el tubo, y dotado de unos orificios de filtración en su cara superior, presentando además dicho cuerpo coaxial un rebaje perimetral en el cual está destinado a ubicarse una junta tórica que genera la presión necesaria para el filtrado del agua contenida en el recipiente, proporcionando una total estanqueidad para evitar fugas y salidas de agua, a central piece intended to be inserted inside the container, and comprising a vertical tube at the lower end of which has a horizontal coaxial body of greater diameter than the tube, and provided with filtration holes in its upper face, also presenting said body coaxial a perimeter recess in which an O-ring is located to generate the necessary pressure for filtering the water contained in the container, providing a total tightness to prevent leaks and water outflows,
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- una bolsa con microporos, preferentemente de nylon, dimensionalmente adaptada para encajar en el interior del cuerpo coaxial de la pieza central, conteniendo dicha bolsa un material de filtrado con microporos, tales como carbón activado granular, resina ultrafina o similar, para una filtración y purificación del agua mayores, a micropore bag, preferably nylon, dimensionally adapted to fit inside the coaxial body of the centerpiece, said bag containing a micropore filter material, such as granular activated carbon, ultrafine resin or the like, for filtration and purification of the older water,
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- una tapa de filtro, dispuesta inferiormente a continuación de la bolsa, siendo dicha tapa el primer elemento de filtro destinado a entrar en contacto con el agua a tratar, estando dotada en su superficie de una pluralidad de agujeros de filtrado, y a filter cover, arranged below the bag, said cover being the first filter element intended to come into contact with the water to be treated, with a plurality of filter holes being provided on its surface, and
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- unos medios de cierre dimensionalmente adaptados para encajar tanto en el extremo superior del recipiente como en el extremo superior del tubo vertical, proporcionando un cierre seguro y estanco de todo el dispositivo. dimensionally adapted closure means to fit both the upper end of the container and the upper end of the vertical tube, providing a secure and tight closure of the entire device.
Dicha zona con pintura termocrómica del recipiente, está adaptada para indicar visualmente al usuario el momento en el que el agua ya está purificada mediante un cambio de color de dicha zona, tras llegar el agua a una determinada temperatura, preferentemente 60ºC, durante su exposición solar. Said zone with thermochromic paint of the container, is adapted to visually indicate to the user the moment in which the water is already purified by a color change of said area, after the water reaches a certain temperature, preferably 60 ° C, during its sun exposure .
La radiación ultravioleta (UV) absorbida por el agua actúa directamente sobre el ADN, los ácidos nucleicos y las enzimas de las células vivas, cambiando su estructura molecular y produciendo la muerte de las células. Por su parte, la radiación infrarroja (IR) absorbida por la zona con pintura termocrómica es la responsable del calentamiento del agua. Los microorganismos son sensibles al calor, de forma que aproximadamente el 99.9% de los microorganismos existentes en el agua muere cuando dicha agua se encuentra a una temperatura de entre 50-60ºC durante un tiempo de una hora. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation absorbed by water acts directly on the DNA, nucleic acids and enzymes of living cells, changing their molecular structure and causing cell death. For its part, the infrared (IR) radiation absorbed by the area with thermochromic paint is responsible for heating the water. The microorganisms are sensitive to heat, so that approximately 99.9% of the microorganisms in the water die when the water is at a temperature between 50-60 ° C for a period of one hour.
Por ello, para la obtención de agua potable el usuario no tiene más que esperar a que dicha zona con pintura termocrómica cambie de color y se vuelva blanco, debido a una pérdida de las propiedades del color. Preferentemente dicha pintura termocrómica es de color negro, de forma que la radiación absorbida es mayor y el agua contenida en el recipiente eleva su temperatura más rápidamente. Therefore, to obtain drinking water, the user has only to wait for said zone with thermochromic paint to change color and turn white, due to a loss of color properties. Preferably said thermochromic paint is black, so that the absorbed radiation is greater and the water contained in the container raises its temperature more rapidly.
Se ha previsto que en el caso de querer obtener agua destilada el dispositivo de purificación objeto de invención comprenda adicionalmente un tope de filtro, ubicado entre la bolsa con microporos y el cuerpo coaxial, adaptado para actuar de barrera y direccionar el agua filtrada únicamente hacia el interior del tubo vertical de la pieza central, llenando solamente este recinto y quedando vacío el espacio creado entre el recipiente y el tubo vertical. Preferentemente dicho tope de filtro presenta en su cara inferior unos salientes dimensionalmente adaptados para encajar en los orificios de filtración del cuerpo coaxial de la pieza central, de manera que dicho tope de filtro queda fijado y sujeto sin posibilidad de movimiento alguno. Además para este caso de destilación, se ha previsto que el tubo vertical presente en las proximidades de su extremo superior unas ranuras a través de las cuales se posibilita la salida del vapor de agua. It is envisaged that in the case of wanting to obtain distilled water the purification device object of the invention additionally comprises a filter stop, located between the micropore bag and the coaxial body, adapted to act as a barrier and direct the filtered water only towards the inside the vertical tube of the centerpiece, filling only this enclosure and leaving the space created between the container and the vertical tube empty. Preferably said filter stop has on its lower face some dimensionally adapted projections to fit in the filtration holes of the coaxial body of the central part, so that said filter stop is fixed and secured without the possibility of any movement. In addition, for this case of distillation, it is provided that the vertical tube has grooves in the vicinity of its upper end through which water vapor exit is possible.
Asimismo, de acuerdo con una realización preferente, los medios de cierre arriba citados están comprendidos por dos piezas, una primera pieza de cierre formada por un cuerpo principal provisto de un roscado interno para encajar en el borde superior del recipiente, y un cuerpo saliente central con un roscado exterior. Por su parte, la segunda pieza de cierre comprende un tapón con rosca interior adaptado para encajar solidariamente con la rosca del cuerpo saliente arriba mencionado. Preferentemente tanto la primera como la segunda pieza de cierre disponen exteriormente de unos relieves para facilitar el agarre por parte del usuario. Also, according to a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned closing means are comprised of two pieces, a first closing piece formed by a main body provided with an internal thread to fit in the upper edge of the container, and a central projecting body With an external thread. For its part, the second closure piece comprises a plug with an internal thread adapted to fit in solidarity with the thread of the protruding body mentioned above. Preferably, both the first and the second closure piece have external reliefs to facilitate the grip by the user.
De acuerdo con otro objeto de la invención se describe a continuación el procedimiento de purificación de agua mediante el dispositivo arriba descrito. Dicho procedimiento comprende las etapas: In accordance with another object of the invention, the water purification process by the device described above is described below. Said procedure comprises the steps:
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- llenado del recipiente con el agua sucia que se desea purificar, filling the container with the dirty water to be purified,
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- inserción del conjunto formado por pieza central, junta tórica, bolsa con microporos y tapa, hasta el fondo del recipiente mediante una presión ejercida por el usuario, insertion of the assembly consisting of a central piece, o-ring, micropore bag and lid, to the bottom of the container by a pressure exerted by the user,
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- filtración del agua sucia como consecuencia de su paso a través de los orificios y agujeros de filtrado del cuerpo coaxial y la tapa respectivamente, así como a través del carbón activado contenido en la bolsa, obteniendo a su salida agua filtrada alojada dentro del recipiente, Filtration of dirty water as a result of its passage through the holes and filtering holes of the coaxial body and the lid respectively, as well as through the activated carbon contained in the bag, obtaining filtered water lodged inside the container,
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- exposición solar del dispositivo de purificación durante un tiempo determinado hasta que la zona con pintura termocrómica del recipiente cambia de color, lo cual indica que el agua ya está purificada, y solar exposure of the purification device for a certain time until the zone with thermochromic paint of the container changes color, which indicates that the water is already purified, and
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- reposo del dispositivo en un lugar sombreado con objeto de enfriar el agua para su consumo final. resting the device in a shaded place in order to cool the water for final consumption.
Los rayos solares actúan en la desinfección del agua contenida en el dispositivo por el efecto sinérgico de la radiación ultravioleta (UV) absorbida por el agua a través de la zona transparente del recipiente, y la radiación infrarroja (IR) absorbida por la zona del recipiente con pintura termocrómica. Esta última permite alcanzar temperaturas elevadas dentro del dispositivo para producir efectos térmicos que, sumados a la acción de los rayos UV, causan la muerte celular de las bacterias. The solar rays act in the disinfection of the water contained in the device by the synergistic effect of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation absorbed by the water through the transparent area of the container, and the infrared (IR) radiation absorbed by the area of the container With thermochromic paint. This last one allows to reach high temperatures inside the device to produce thermal effects that, added to the action of the UV rays, cause the cell death of the bacteria.
Cabe señalar que en la fase de exposición solar, en función de si se desea agua potable o agua destilada, la colocación del dispositivo para su exposición al sol es diferente; esto es, si se desea la potabilización del agua el dispositivo debe ser colocado ligeramente inclinado buscando la perpendicularidad de los rayos del sol para un calentamiento y purificación del agua más rápidos. Por otro lado, para el caso de la destilación, el dispositivo debe ser expuesto al sol en posición vertical para evitar que se mezclen las aguas filtradas y destiladas. Además, para este último caso de destilación se debe tener en cuenta que el cambio de color de la zona con pintura termocrómica no indica la conclusión de la destilación, por lo que el usuario debe fijarse en el nivel de agua destilada. It should be noted that in the solar exposure phase, depending on whether drinking water or distilled water is desired, the placement of the device for exposure to the sun is different; that is, if water purification is desired, the device must be placed slightly inclined, seeking the perpendicularity of the sun's rays for faster heating and purification of water. On the other hand, in the case of distillation, the device must be exposed to the sun in an upright position to avoid mixing filtered and distilled water. In addition, for the latter case of distillation, it should be taken into account that the color change of the area with thermochromic paint does not indicate the conclusion of the distillation, so the user must look at the level of distilled water.
Asimismo, se ha previsto que el dispositivo de purificación aquí descrito pueda ser empleado para realizar varios filtrados de agua, llenando posteriormente varios recipientes de transmitancia igual o superior, por ejemplo botellas transparentes de PET, y exponerlas al sol al mismo tiempo que se expone el dispositivo de purificación. Esta manera de proceder nos permite obtener una mayor cantidad de agua potable, ya que al tener como referencia la pintura termocrómica del dispositivo, el cambio de color de dicha pintura indica que toda el agua expuesta, tanto de las botellas como del dispositivo, ya está purificada. Likewise, it is envisaged that the purification device described herein can be used to perform several water filtrations, subsequently filling several containers of equal or greater transmittance, for example transparent PET bottles, and exposing them to the sun at the same time as the purification device This way of proceeding allows us to obtain a greater quantity of drinking water, since having as reference the thermochromic paint of the device, the change of color of said paint indicates that all the exposed water, both of the bottles and of the device, is already purified.
Por último, en el momento de verter y extraer el agua, en función de si se ha realizado el proceso de potabilización o el de destilación se retira una u otra pieza de los medios de cierre arriba citados. Esto es, si lo que se ha realizado es la potabilización del agua, no hay más que retirar el tapón para permitir su salida al exterior. Por otro lado, si lo que se ha realizado es la destilación del agua, se debe retirar el cuerpo principal de los medios de cierre y colocar el tapón sobre el tubo vertical de la pieza central, evitando de esta manera que en el momento de verter el agua e inclinar el dispositivo las aguas filtradas y las aguas destiladas puedan mezclarse. Finally, at the time of pouring and extracting the water, depending on whether the purification process or the distillation process has been carried out, one or the other part of the closing means mentioned above is removed. That is, if what has been done is the purification of water, the cap must only be removed to allow it to go outside. On the other hand, if what has been done is the distillation of water, the main body of the closing means must be removed and the cap placed on the vertical tube of the central piece, thus avoiding that at the time of pouring water and tilt the device filtered water and distilled water can be mixed.
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica de la misma, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
Figura 1.- Muestra una vista explotada del dispositivo de purificación de agua objeto de invención. Figure 1.- Shows an exploded view of the water purification device object of the invention.
Figura 2.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva del cuerpo central, donde se aprecian las ranuras superiores existentes en el tubo vertical. Figure 2.- Shows a perspective view of the central body, where the upper grooves in the vertical tube are visible.
Figura 3.- Muestra una vista esquemática donde se aprecia la purificación de agua mediante el proceso de potabilización. Figure 3.- Shows a schematic view where water purification can be seen through the purification process.
Figura 4.- Muestra una vista esquemática donde se observa la purificación del agua mediante el proceso de destilación. Figure 4.- Shows a schematic view where water purification is observed by the distillation process.
Figura 5.- Muestra una vista seccionada del dispositivo de purificación objeto de invención donde se aprecia más en detalle el proceso de destilación del agua. Figure 5.- Shows a sectional view of the purification device object of the invention where the water distillation process is more fully appreciated.
Se describe a continuación un ejemplo de realización preferente, sin que ello limite el ámbito de protección de la presente invención. A preferred embodiment example is described below, without limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
En la figura 1 se aprecia una vista explosionada del dispositivo (1) de purificación de agua objeto de invención, el cual comprende un recipiente (2) de configuración cilíndrica y vertical fabricado en PET (tereftalato de polietileno), destinado a albergar en su interior el agua sucia (30) a purificar, presentando en su superficie una zona con pintura termocrómica (20) de color negro, y una zona de material transparente. La zona con pintura termocrómica (20) está adaptada para cambiar de color, a transparente, cuando el agua alcanza la temperatura de 60ºC por su exposición solar. Figure 1 shows an exploded view of the water purification device (1) object of the invention, which comprises a container (2) of cylindrical and vertical configuration made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), intended to house inside the dirty water (30) to be purified, presenting on its surface an area with thermochromic paint (20) of black color, and an area of transparent material. The zone with thermochromic paint (20) is adapted to change color, to transparent, when the water reaches the temperature of 60ºC by its solar exposure.
Asimismo el recipiente (2) presenta en su extremo inferior una zona de almacenamiento (3) donde quedan alojados los residuos sólidos y/o sedimentos filtrados. Likewise, the container (2) has at its lower end a storage area (3) where solid waste and / or filtered sediments are housed.
El dispositivo (1) de purificación comprende también una pieza central (4) fabricada igualmente en PET, destinada a insertarse en el interior del recipiente (2) para la obtención de agua filtrada (31) a partir del agua sucia (30), tal y como representan las figuras 3 y 4. The purification device (1) also comprises a central part (4) also made of PET, intended to be inserted inside the container (2) to obtain filtered water (31) from the dirty water (30), such and how figures 3 and 4 represent.
Dicha pieza central (4) comprende un tubo (5) vertical que presenta en las proximidades de su extremo superior unas ranuras (21) mostradas en las figuras 1, 2 y 5, a través de las cuales se posibilita la salida del vapor del agua filtrada Said centerpiece (4) comprises a vertical tube (5) that has grooves (21) shown in Figures 1, 2 and 5 in the vicinity of its upper end, through which water vapor exit is possible filtered
(31) para el proceso destilación, figura 4, así como la salida al exterior del agua potable existente entre las paredes interiores del recipiente (2) y las paredes exteriores del tubo (5) vertical, tal y como refleja la figura 3. (31) for the distillation process, figure 4, as well as the exit to the outside of the drinking water between the inner walls of the container (2) and the outer walls of the vertical tube (5), as shown in figure 3.
Además, como se aprecia en la figura 2, dicha pieza central (4) comprende en su extremo inferior un cuerpo horizontal coaxial (6) de mayor diámetro que el tubo (5), dotado de unos orificios (7) de filtración en su cara superior, presentando además dicho cuerpo coaxial (6) un rebaje perimetral (8), mostrado en la figura 1, en el cual está destinado a ubicarse una junta tórica (9) de caucho de silicona que genera la presión necesaria para el filtrado del agua contenida en el recipiente (2), proporcionando una total estanqueidad para evitar fugas y salidas de agua. Furthermore, as seen in Figure 2, said central part (4) comprises at its lower end a horizontal coaxial body (6) of greater diameter than the tube (5), provided with some holes (7) in its face upper, said coaxial body (6) also presenting a perimeter recess (8), shown in Figure 1, in which an O-ring (9) of silicone rubber is located to generate the pressure necessary for water filtration contained in the container (2), providing a total tightness to avoid leaks and water outflows.
En dicha figura 1 se puede observar igualmente una bolsa (10) de nylon con microporos, dimensionalmente adaptada para encajar en el interior del cuerpo coaxial (6) de la pieza central (4), conteniendo dicha bolsa (10) carbón activado granular, mediante el cual se obtiene una filtración y purificación mayores del agua sucia (30), eliminando cualquier tipo de olor y color de ésta. Por otro lado, dispuesta inferiormente a continuación de la bolsa (10), se puede apreciar una tapa (11) de PVC (policloruro de vinilo) dotada en su superficie de una pluralidad de agujeros (12) de filtrado, siendo dicha tapa (11) el primer elemento de filtración destinado a entrar en contacto con el agua a tratar. In said figure 1 a nylon bag (10) with micropores can also be observed, dimensionally adapted to fit inside the coaxial body (6) of the central piece (4), said bag (10) containing granular activated carbon, by which is obtained a greater filtration and purification of dirty water (30), eliminating any type of smell and color of it. On the other hand, arranged below the bag (10), a cover (11) of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) with a plurality of filtering holes (12) can be seen, said lid (11) being ) the first filtration element intended to come into contact with the water to be treated.
En las figuras 1, 3, 4 y 5 se pueden apreciar unos medios de cierre (13) de PVC, los cuales están dimensionalmente adaptados para encajar tanto en el extremo superior del recipiente (2) como en el del tubo (5) vertical de la pieza central (4), proporcionando un cierre seguro y estanco de todo el dispositivo (1). Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 show a means of closing (13) of PVC, which are dimensionally adapted to fit both the upper end of the container (2) and the vertical tube (5) of the center piece (4), providing a secure and tight seal of the entire device (1).
Tal como se puede apreciar en dicha figura 1, dichos medios de cierre (13) comprenden una primera pieza de cierre formada por un cuerpo principal (14) provisto de un roscado interno para encajar en el borde superior del recipiente (2), y un cuerpo saliente (15) central con un roscado exterior. Por su parte, la segunda pieza de cierre comprende un tapón As can be seen in said figure 1, said closing means (13) comprise a first closing piece formed by a main body (14) provided with an internal thread to fit in the upper edge of the container (2), and a central projecting body (15) with an external thread. For its part, the second closure piece comprises a plug
(16) con rosca interior adaptado para encajar solidariamente con la rosca del cuerpo saliente (15) arriba mencionado. (16) with internal thread adapted to fit in solidarity with the thread of the projecting body (15) mentioned above.
Asimismo en las figuras 1, 3 y 4, puede observarse que tanto el cuerpo principal (14) como el tapón (16) disponen de unos relieves (17) para facilitar el agarre del dispositivo (1) al usuario. Dichos elementos, cuerpo principal (14) y tapón (16), son fabricados en un material de color blanco para reflejar la luz y evitar así un calentamiento elevado durante su exposición solar, en relación al resto de componentes del dispositivo (1). Esto permite que el usuario pueda coger el dispositivo (1) tras ser sometido a la radiación solar, para llevarlo a un lugar sombreado hasta que se enfríe. Also in Figures 1, 3 and 4, it can be seen that both the main body (14) and the plug (16) have reliefs (17) to facilitate the grip of the device (1) to the user. Said elements, main body (14) and cap (16), are manufactured in a white material to reflect the light and thus avoid high heating during its sun exposure, in relation to the rest of the components of the device (1). This allows the user to take the device (1) after being subjected to solar radiation, to take it to a shaded place until it cools.
Asimismo en la figura 1 se puede apreciar un tope de filtro (18) de PVC, destinado a incorporarse al dispositivo Likewise, in figure 1 a PVC filter stop (18) can be seen, intended to be incorporated into the device
(1) en aquellos casos en los que se desee obtener agua destilada (32). Dicho tope de filtro (18) se encuentra localizado inferiormente a continuación del cuerpo coaxial (6), adaptado para actuar de barrera y direccionar el agua filtrada (31) únicamente a través del tubo (5) vertical de la pieza central (4), tal y como representa la figura 4. (1) in those cases in which it is desired to obtain distilled water (32). Said filter stop (18) is located inferiorly next to the coaxial body (6), adapted to act as a barrier and direct the filtered water (31) only through the vertical tube (5) of the central part (4), as shown in figure 4.
Además, el mencionado tope de filtro (18) presenta en su cara inferior unos salientes (19) mostrados en la figura 1, dimensionalmente adaptados para introducirse en los orificios (7) de filtración del cuerpo coaxial (6), de manera que dicho tope de filtro (18) queda firmemente sujeto. De acuerdo con la presente realización tanto la tapa (11) como el tope In addition, said filter stop (18) has on its lower face projections (19) shown in Figure 1, dimensionally adapted to be introduced into the filter holes (7) of the coaxial body (6), so that said stop of filter (18) is firmly attached. In accordance with the present embodiment both the cover (11) and the stopper
5 de filtro (18) son de color blanco para una rápida identificación de la suciedad, materiales sólidos o taponamientos que puedan quedar estancados. 5 of filter (18) are white for quick identification of dirt, solid materials or clogging that may get stuck.
En la figura 5 se puede apreciar la obtención de agua destilada (32) a partir de la evaporación del agua filtrada Figure 5 shows the obtaining of distilled water (32) from the evaporation of the filtered water
(31) localizada en el interior del tubo (5) vertical. Esta agua filtrada (31) se evapora y sale a través de las ranuras (21) (31) located inside the vertical tube (5). This filtered water (31) evaporates and exits through the slots (21)
10 superiores existentes en el tubo (5), condensándose y depositándose entre las paredes del recipiente (2) y del tubo (5) vertical. 10 upper existing in the tube (5), condensing and depositing between the walls of the container (2) and the vertical tube (5).
Claims (16)
- --
- un recipiente (2), destinado a albergar en su interior el agua sucia (30) que se desea purificar, y que presenta en su superficie una zona provista con pintura termocrómica (20) y otra zona transparente, a container (2), intended to house in its interior the dirty water (30) that it is desired to purify, and which has on its surface an area provided with thermochromic paint (20) and another transparent area,
- --
- una pieza central (4) destinada a insertarse en el interior del recipiente (2) para la obtención de agua filtrada a central piece (4) intended to be inserted inside the container (2) to obtain filtered water
- (31)(31)
- a partir del agua sucia (30), y que comprende un tubo (5) vertical en cuyo extremo inferior presenta un cuerpo horizontal coaxial (6) de mayor diámetro que el tubo (5), dotado de unos orificios (7) de filtración en su cara superior, presentando además dicho cuerpo coaxial (6) un rebaje perimetral (8) en el cual está destinado a ubicarse una junta tórica from the dirty water (30), and comprising a vertical tube (5) at the lower end of which has a horizontal coaxial body (6) of greater diameter than the tube (5), provided with holes (7) for filtration in its upper face, said coaxial body (6) also presenting a perimeter recess (8) in which an O-ring is intended to be located
- (9)(9)
- que genera la presión necesaria para el filtrado del agua contenida en el recipiente (2), proporcionando estanqueidad para evitar fugas y salidas de agua, which generates the necessary pressure for filtering the water contained in the container (2), providing tightness to prevent leaks and water outflows,
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- una bolsa (10) con microporos, dimensionalmente adaptada para encajar en el interior del cuerpo coaxial (6), conteniendo dicha bolsa (10) un material de filtrado con microporos para una mayor filtración y purificación del agua sucia (30), a micropore bag (10), dimensionally adapted to fit inside the coaxial body (6), said bag (10) containing a micropore filter material for greater filtration and purification of dirty water (30),
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- una tapa (11), dispuesta inferiormente a continuación de la bolsa (10), siendo dicha tapa (11) el primer elemento de filtro destinado a entrar en contacto con el agua sucia (30) a tratar, estando dotada en su superficie de una pluralidad de agujeros (12) de filtrado, y a lid (11), arranged below the bag (10), said lid (11) being the first filter element intended to come into contact with the dirty water (30) to be treated, being provided on its surface with a plurality of filter holes (12), and
- --
- unos medios de cierre (13) dimensionalmente adaptados para encajar tanto en el extremo superior del recipiente (2) como en el extremo superior del tubo (5) vertical, proporcionando un cierre seguro y estanco de todo el dispositivo (1). closure means (13) dimensionally adapted to fit both the upper end of the container (2) and the upper end of the vertical tube (5), providing a secure and tight closure of the entire device (1).
- --
- llenado del recipiente con el agua sucia (30) que se desea purificar, filling the container with the dirty water (30) to be purified,
- --
- inserción del conjunto formado por pieza central (4), junta tórica (9), bolsa (10) con microporos y tapa (11), hasta el fondo del recipiente (2) mediante una presión ejercida por el usuario, insertion of the assembly consisting of a central piece (4), o-ring (9), bag (10) with micropores and lid (11), to the bottom of the container (2) by a pressure exerted by the user,
- --
- filtración del agua sucia (30) como consecuencia de su paso a través de los orificios (7) y agujeros (12) de filtrado del cuerpo coaxial (6) y la tapa (11) respectivamente, así como a través del carbón activado contenido en la bolsa (10), obteniendo a su salida agua filtrada (31) alojada dentro del recipiente (2), Filtration of dirty water (30) as a result of its passage through the holes (7) and filtering holes (12) of the coaxial body (6) and the cover (11) respectively, as well as through the activated carbon contained in the bag (10), obtaining filtered water (31) lodged inside the container (2),
- --
- exposición solar del dispositivo (1) de purificación durante un tiempo determinado hasta que la zona con pintura termocrómica (20) del recipiente (2) cambia de color, lo cual indica que el agua ya está purificada, y solar exposure of the purification device (1) for a certain time until the zone with thermochromic paint (20) of the container (2) changes color, indicating that the water is already purified, and
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- reposo del dispositivo (1) en un lugar sombreado con objeto de enfriar el agua para su consumo final. resting the device (1) in a shaded place in order to cool the water for final consumption.
- Categoría Category
- 56 Documentos citados Reivindicaciones afectadas 56 Documents cited Claims Affected
- A TO
- WO 2007021294 A1 (VITALE) 22.02.2007, 1-15 WO 2007021294 A1 (VITALE) 02.22.2007, 1-15
- párrafos [4],[18],[31-32]; figuras 1,6. paragraphs [4], [18], [31-32]; figures 1.6.
- A TO
- US 2006021926 A1 (WOODARD JR et al.) 2.02.2006, 1-15 US 2006021926 A1 (WOODARD JR et al.) 2.02.2006, 1-15
- párrafos [48],[55]; figuras 3,8A. paragraphs [48], [55]; Figures 3.8A.
- A TO
- EP 0316687 A1 (KNIGHT) 24.05.1989, 1-15 EP 0316687 A1 (KNIGHT) 24.05.1989, 1-15
- columna 2, línea 25 – columna 3, línea 42; figura 2. column 2, line 25 - column 3, line 42; figure 2.
- A TO
- US 5266215 A (ENGELHARD) 30.11.1993, 1-15 US 5266215 A (ENGELHARD) 30.11.1993, 1-15
- columna 2, línea 59 – columna 4, línea 2; figura 1. column 2, line 59 - column 4, line 2; Figure 1.
- A TO
- US 5597482 A (MELYON) 28.01.1997, 1-15 US 5597482 A (MELYON) 28.01.1997, 1-15
- columna 4, línea 43 – columna 5, línea 5. column 4, line 43 - column 5, line 5.
- A TO
- US 6342127 A (POSSIDENTO) 29.01.2002, 1-15 US 6342127 A (POSSIDENT) 29.01.2002, 1-15
- reivindicaciones 1-2. claims 1-2.
- A TO
- US 5637214 A (KAHANA) 10.06.1997, 1,8,9 US 5637214 A (KAHANA) 10.06.1997, 1,8,9
- columna 3, líneas 30-48; figura 7. column 3, lines 30-48; figure 7.
- Categoría de los documentos citados X: de particular relevancia Y: de particular relevancia combinado con otro/s de la misma categoría A: refleja el estado de la técnica O: referido a divulgación no escrita P: publicado entre la fecha de prioridad y la de presentación de la solicitud E: documento anterior, pero publicado después de la fecha de presentación de la solicitud Category of the documents cited X: of particular relevance Y: of particular relevance combined with other / s of the same category A: reflects the state of the art O: refers to unwritten disclosure P: published between the priority date and the date of priority submission of the application E: previous document, but published after the date of submission of the application
- El presente informe ha sido realizado • para todas las reivindicaciones • para las reivindicaciones nº: This report has been prepared • for all claims • for claims no:
- Fecha de realización del informe 13.06.2012 Date of realization of the report 13.06.2012
- Examinador A. Rúa Aguete Página 1/4 Examiner A. Rúa Aguete Page 1/4
- Novedad (Art. 6.1 LP 11/1986) Novelty (Art. 6.1 LP 11/1986)
- Reivindicaciones Reivindicaciones 1-15 SI NO Claims Claims 1-15 IF NOT
- Actividad inventiva (Art. 8.1 LP11/1986) Inventive activity (Art. 8.1 LP11 / 1986)
- Reivindicaciones Reivindicaciones 1-15 SI NO Claims Claims 1-15 IF NOT
- Documento Document
- Número Publicación o Identificación Fecha Publicación Publication or Identification Number publication date
- D01 D01
- WO 2007021294 A1 (VITALE) 22.02.2007 WO 2007021294 A1 (VITALE) 02/22/2007
- D02 D02
- US 2006021926 A1 (WOODARD JR et al.) 02.02.2006 US 2006021926 A1 (WOODARD JR et al.) 02.02.2006
- D03 D03
- EP 0316687 A1 (KNIGHT) 24.05.1989 EP 0316687 A1 (KNIGHT) 05/24/1989
- D04 D04
- US 5637214 A (KAHANA) 10.06.1997 US 5637214 A (KAHANA) 10.06.1997
Priority Applications (2)
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ES201130239A ES2387281B1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | WATER PURIFICATION DEVICE AND PROCEDURE. |
PCT/ES2012/070109 WO2012113962A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-02-23 | Device and method for purifying water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ES201130239A ES2387281B1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | WATER PURIFICATION DEVICE AND PROCEDURE. |
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ES2387281A1 true ES2387281A1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
ES2387281B1 ES2387281B1 (en) | 2013-08-02 |
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ES201130239A Active ES2387281B1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | WATER PURIFICATION DEVICE AND PROCEDURE. |
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WO (1) | WO2012113962A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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WO2015110674A1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-30 | Ecological Valued Evaporation Technology, S.L. | Installation and method for purifying fluids by distillation |
CN107084536A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-22 | 中国联合工程公司 | A kind of efficient tower type solar power station collector system of endothermic tube caliber gradual change |
CN107285409A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-10-24 | 无锡市凡宇水处理机械制造有限公司 | Possesses the emergent water purification filter pipe for blocking function of leak |
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EP0316687A1 (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-24 | Knight, John B., Jr. | Water treatment apparatus |
US5266215A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1993-11-30 | Rolf Engelhard | Water purification unit |
US5597482A (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1997-01-28 | Melyon; Solly | Water purification apparatus |
US5637214A (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 1997-06-10 | Kahana; Dov | Filter assembly for water treatment apparatus |
US6342127B1 (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 2002-01-29 | William Possidento | Distillation device |
US20060021926A1 (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2006-02-02 | Alticor Inc. | Point-of-use water treatment system |
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2011
- 2011-02-23 ES ES201130239A patent/ES2387281B1/en active Active
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2012
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015110674A1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-30 | Ecological Valued Evaporation Technology, S.L. | Installation and method for purifying fluids by distillation |
CN107084536A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-22 | 中国联合工程公司 | A kind of efficient tower type solar power station collector system of endothermic tube caliber gradual change |
CN107084536B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2022-11-11 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | Efficient tower type solar power station heat collector system with gradually-changed heat absorption pipe diameter |
CN107285409A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-10-24 | 无锡市凡宇水处理机械制造有限公司 | Possesses the emergent water purification filter pipe for blocking function of leak |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ES2387281B1 (en) | 2013-08-02 |
WO2012113962A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
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