ES2386076B1 - MACHINE EXTRACTOR OF RESIDUAL MATTERS THICK - Google Patents

Abstract

Thickened waste extractor machine comprising # generating means (3, 4) that suction a suction air flow charged from such materials through the top into an aspiration unit (1) from a suction nozzle (11) so that said materials are decanted and accumulated on the bottom (1a) of the suction unit; # an extractor screw (2) housed in a housing (2a) arranged inside the suction unit ( 1), in such a way that said materials are collected by an open bottom end of the auger screw in the vicinity of the bottom (1a) of the suction unit (1) and transported by said screw towards an outlet of matter (2b) in the upper end of the housing emerging from an upper part of the suction unit (1).

Description

MACHINE EXTRACTOR FOR RESIDUAL MATTERS THICK

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention falls within the technical field of cleaning machinery and, more particularly, in the sector of machinery for extracting thick residual materials whose specific weight is equal to or greater than that of water such as sludge, mortar masses or liquids with suspended particles, located in wells, rafts, mining operations, in industrial process or purification facilities, as well as in infrastructure and building works during and after its construction, such as the search and subsequent uncovering of underground facilities as gas supplies,

electricity or water The invention is especially useful in the transport and extraction of mortar masses and / or other spills or leaks of liquids, serniliquids, pasty, even solids or the combination of all or several of them with each other.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In various sectors of the industry, as for example in the construction of tunnels, in the exploitation of mining and industrial facilities, in the emptying of rafts, in the construction of infrastructure and building, waste and products are produced in the form of thick residual materials whose specific weight is equal to or greater than that of water such as sludge, mortar masses and / or liquids with suspended particles. These residual materials must be extracted, either for storage in rafts, for decantation, for natural or mechanical dehydration, or simply for storage and subsequent removal by an authorized waste manager. In many cases, these residual materials that, at times, can be toxic and / or harmful to the environment, are extracted for further treatment with

mobile machinery, such as backhoe loaders, loaders,

etc., which represents a risk not only for the worker in

safety and health matters are concerned, but also for the

raft's own integrity when introducing heavy machinery into

5

its interior.

In the process of tunnel construction through

tunnel boring machine requires the assembly of segments with one another

to obtain a concrete ring. Said ring must

be filled in its outer part of mortar to compensate for the

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perforated section and the outer diameter of the ring. In this

process mortar losses occur that along with the water

used for cleaning along the tunnel and liquids

from leaks do not allow the assembly of

following rings Currently, in the TBMs, for the

fifteen

sludge collection, filtration water, surplus water with

mortar that is deposited in the lower area of the

tunnel boring machine, several operators are required that, with means

manuals (shovels and buckets), proceed to remove these spills

depositing them on a hopper that feeds a pump

twenty

sludge drive and takes them out of the installation. The

manual cleaning of the surface near the cutting head of

The TBM must be free of spills and clean to be able to

proceed to the beginning of the assembly of the corresponding ring and of

not being clean it is not possible to carry out said assembly with

25

the consequent losses of runtime that, in

In many cases, it exceeds the time available for such an operation

between the assembly operations of a ring of segments and the

next ring, while involving high cost

economical, since such manual cleaning is a waiting time

30

of all the processes involved in the construction of a tunnel

with the consequent delays and associated costs.

Automatic cleaning of the mounting surface of the

Dovelas is usually carried out by means of pumps

submerged of which a wide range exists in the market,

35

   being able to absorb only liquid and certain particles in

suspension without being able to exhaust all the matters that may have

in place, indispensable condition for mounting the new

ring. This exhaustion, to achieve total cleanliness, must

be done manually using manual means like cubes

5

and shovels forming a human chain, with the problems of time,

security for people and economic that this causes, already

that exhaustion with automatic means is only possible with

caskets and wells, impossible to perform in a ring of

dovelas.

10

Moreover, during infrastructure construction

and building works there is a need for bilge of

waters loaded with suspended materials. This bilge is

usually performed by using pumps

conventional, not being able to exhaust all the aforementioned subjects

fifteen

previously and the installation of filters and

sieves before the pump. In the construction of

infrastructure and repair of the same as, for example,

in the search and subsequent uncovering of underground facilities

as gas, electricity or water supplies with media

twenty

mechanics such as backhoes or hoe-type machines,

breakage of such pipes can occur

underground.

Spanish patent ES 2 142 193 Al discloses a

machine to remove materials that are produced in the sectors

25

described above, by adding pressurized water and

the removal of sludge produced, based on the vacuum principle

pressure, and describes a mobile cleaning facility by the

suction action of a depressant (vacuum pump) whose

Continuous operation is produced by two deposits that

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exchange the process of filling and emptying them for

means of all-nothing valves in order to send said sludge to

an internal circuit of the factory for later

treatment. They are also known in the state of the art

truck mounted or towed installations consisting of

35

   a single storage tank for thick materials or sludge.

These mobile facilities are filled by the action of a

depressant with the volume limitation of one's ability to

said deposit. The evacuation of these deposits is made

by opening them and downloading by tipping or

5

tilt of the truck or simply by gravitational action

in the opening of the same and a complementary pusher. These

Machines have as main inconvenience their volume, their

lack of continuity in the loading process as well as

difficulties in the download process depending on the type of

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loaded material Similarly the download process under

pressure from a depressor or vacuum pump in a tank causes

plugging problems depending on the mud or matter

sucked.

fifteen

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to overcome the

inconveniences of the state of the art by means of a machine

extractor of thick residual materials comprising means

2 o

generators of a suction air flow, means

accumulators that temporarily accumulate waste materials

Aspirated thickets, and means of evacuation of materials

aspirates accumulated in the accumulator media, media

vacuum cleaners and control means. Accumulator media

25

they comprise a suction unit that has an inner chamber

internally delimited by a fund and provided with an entrance

of suction air arranged in a top part of a

first end of the suction unit and an air outlet

of suction located in an upper part of a second end

30

opposite to said first end of the suction unit;

the suction air outlet of the unit is connected to

said generating means, and the intake of suction air of

the unit is connected to said suction means, in such a way

so that the suction air passes through the entire system as well

35

   thick residual materials are carried along by the flow of

suction air to said inner chamber, where they are decanted and

accumulate on the said fund;

the evacuation means comprise an auger

extractor housed in a housing arranged at least in said housing

5

inner chamber of the suction unit, comprising the

housing an open bottom end located in the vicinity of the

bottom of the suction unit and an upper end that emerges

of an upper part of the suction unit and with an outlet

of materials, so that, when the auger is operated,

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residual materials are collected at said lower end

Open the housing by the extractor screw and

transported and evacuated by said exit of materials.

The term quot; espesasquot residual matters; employed in the

This specification particularly includes subjects

fifteen

whose specific weight is equal to or greater than water such as

sludge, mortar masses and / or liquids with particles in

suspension, located in wells, rafts, mining operations,

in industrial process or purification facilities as well

as in infrastructure and building works during and

twenty

After its construction.

Preferably, the extractor screw is propelled

by an electric drive motor. In turn, the media

suction air flow generators may be

consisting of a vacuum pump and a drive motor

2 5

electric that propels the vacuum pump. These engines

electric are advantageous and easily controllable by

Control means.

The suction means may comprise a nozzle of

suction connected to a suction duct, such as horn, by

30

example, a hose, which in turn is connected to the inlet

of suction air of the suction unit.

In a preferred embodiment of the machine according to the

invention, the bottom of the suction unit is designed

with a four-sided slope forming in the lower area a

35

   sink. In this way, the collection of materials is improved

Residual tank, coinciding with the loading point of the extractor screw, a connection can be arranged on the outside of the tank to evacuate thick materials accumulated in the suction unit. At the same time, the bottom of the auxiliary discharge valve used to remove thick residual materials that, for whatever reason, had not been evacuated by the extractor screw and 1o to evacuate washing water used to clean the inner chamber of the unit aspiration in the framework of its maintenance. Preferably, the auxiliary discharge valve is actuated by an electric motor that can allow a gradual opening of the valve.

To avoid breakage of the flow of the suction air flow in the suction unit due to the outside air inlet, the material outlet is provided with a non-return valve that allows the exit of evacuated materials transported by the extractor screw but that prevents the outside air intake.

The extractor machine may further comprise a level detector to measure the degree of filling of thick residual materials accumulated in the inner chamber of the suction unit. This detector can be at the control means it receives and indicates the values of the filling level, thus allowing the adjustment of the machine's operating parameters in automatic mode.

In a practical embodiment of the present invention, the suction nozzle will allow the passage of particles that pass a sieve of about 60 mm of nominal light, allowing a theoretical passage of 90 mm in diameter.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the control means will allow the whole system to be controlled manually or automatically. This control panel can be connected to a processing unit, such as a conventional PLC unit (= Programmable Logic Circuit) to regulate parameters that allow continuous operation

discontinuous for the extraction of accumulated thick residual materials depending on the level of said materials. This is particularly useful to help keep the system stable in terms of the material aspirated and extracted and that the extractor screw is only in action if the volume of decanted materials accumulated inside the suction unit is greater than a certain level detected by the level controller and increase its rate of evacuation of decanted materials when said volurnen reaches a certain higher level also detected by the filling detector. For this, the filling levels detected at any time by the detector can be governed by the processing unit. In this way, the extractor screw -2 acts as a valve maintaining the flow of generated suction air and simultaneously allowing the evacuation of the thick residual materials that accumulate in the suction unit.

Such horn follows from the above description, the machine according to the present invention allows to continuously aspirate and evacuate thick residual materials, such as liquid horn, thick materials whose specific weight is equal to or greater than that of water such as sludge, mortar masses or liquids with suspended particles, located in wells,

rafts,

holdings mining, in installations from processes

industrial

or from depuration, So horn in works from

infrastructures

Y edification during Y after its

building. This makes the machine particularly useful in the aspiration of the suction and evacuation of mortar masses and / or other spills or leaks of liquids, serniliquids, pastures, even solids or the combination of all or several of them with each other or leaks that may occur in the tunnels during construction and especially when the tunnel is executed by means of a tunnel boring machine, which due to this method must be executed on a surface free of any of the products and / or fluids

previously mentioned in conditions of proper cleaning and safety. In this case, the vacuum unit may be mounted in an area of the auxiliary platform (backup) where the equipment associated with the tunnel boring machine is located.

In the same way the suction of such sludge can be carried out in the mining operations, either during the process of obtaining the mineral or during the storage of said mineral and its subsequent recovery, as well as in the emptying of industrial waste rafts or treatment of the same. During the construction of infrastructure and building works, the machine according to the present invention will facilitate the movement of any matter of the aforementioned characteristics.

In addition to the technical advantages indicated, the machine according to the present invention represents a positive advance in the improvement in terms of safety and health of workers due to the advantages presented in the cleaning of the tunnels as well as mining facilities, industrial and infrastructure construction since these tasks, in many cases, must be carried out by conventional tools such as buckets and shovels, adopting uncomfortable positions and performing demanding and dangerous work. In the same way, the assembly system of the slots in a tunnel, by means of a robot-erector, works by suction of suction air on the surface of the slider, so that a cleaning of the same and of the mounting area provides a greater security of the system and of the workers involved, as in the case of uncovering a cable or pipe in terms of infrastructure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Aspects and embodiments of the invention are described below on the basis of drawings, in which Figure 1 is a schematic view, partially sectioned, in side elevation of an embodiment of the machine

extractor of thick residual materials according to the present

invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic, partially sectioned view, showing a somewhat more detailed embodiment of a suction unit for the machine shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic rear view of the suction unit shown in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a side elevational view, partially sectioned, showing an embodiment of the suction air flow generating system with its motor for the machine shown in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a schematic rear view of the suction air flow generating system with its motor for the machine shown in Figure 4.

In these figures there are numerical references that identify the following elements:

1 suction unit

the inclined bottom of the suction unit

2 screw auger material extractor

2nd casing of the screw auger extractor

2b output of thick residual materials

3 suction air flow generator system

(vacuum pump)

3rd intake air intake

4 engine of the air flow generator system

aspiration

5 extractor screw drive motor

6 suction unit air outlet nozzle

7 air inlet nozzle to suction unit

material auxiliary discharge valve 8a discharge valve drive motor 9

level detector 10 general control box eleven

suction nozzle 12 suction duct

13 non-return valve

14

system of driving of departure from air of aspiration

Y

muffler

fifteen

frame

5

16 system of transfer

17

system of filtered out

18

cached of the generator system flow from air of

aspiration

19

system of coupling

10

twenty baffle sludge

twenty-one

injection nozzles Water

MODES

FROM PERFORM THE INVENTION

fifteen

The realizations from the machine extractor from subjects

residual

thick that be show in the figures is it so

destined

especially to the extraction from subjects residual

such

horn masses from mortar and / or others spills or leaks from

liquids,

serniliquids, pasty, even solids or the

2 o

combination from everybody or various from they between yes or from

leaks

that be produce in the construction of tunnels

From

agreement with the realization shown in the figure one, the

machine

understands a unity from aspiration -one in whose inside

is

ready a screw endless extractor -2 from materials

25

residual that be extends axially in diagonal by he inside

from

the unity  from aspiration -one powered by a engine

from

drive

-5 electric, a system generator -3 from a

flow

from air from aspiration, in shape from bomb from empty,

connected

to the unit of aspiration -1 to through from a nozzle from

30

-6-connected output to a system of driving of departure from air

from

aspiration -14 Y actuated by a engine -4 electric, a

nozzle of

aspiration -eleven connected to a nozzle from entry -7

from

the unity  from aspiration -one to through  from a conduit

from

aspiration

-12-. The machine may be controlled to through from a

35

   picture from control -10-.

The suction unit -1 is also provided with a

conventional level -9 filling detector as well as in

its lower part, of an auxiliary discharge valve -S

arranged at the bottom of the suction unit -1-.

5

The screw screw extractor -2 is wrapped in a

enclosure -2a with an open part at the bottom of the

same and a top that emerges outside the unit

suction -1 and comprising an outlet of decanted materials

-2ben the one with a non-return valve -13-. The

1 o

suction unit -1-, the screw auger -2 and the

generator system -3 form a fixed set of operation

which can be mounted on a single platform (not shown

in the figures) and which is arranged in the vicinity of the materials

to aspirate so that, in this way, the suction nozzle

fifteen

-11 can suck thick materials through the duct

aspiration -12-. The suction air flow generated is such

which allows the suction of residual materials

Figures 2 illustrates in more detail the unit of

Extraction -1 with its screw auger -2-.

2 o

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, being valid

the references also shown in figure 1, the

output of decanted materials -2 is connected to a system

of transfer -16 in the form of endless, through which the

extracted materials are transported to a filter system

25

-17 externally located in which the materials are processed

extracted. The extraction unit -1 with the screw

Extractor -2-is mounted on a rack -15-. It also can

Note that the auxiliary discharge valve -8 is connected

to an electric -8 drive motor, commanded from the

30

control panel -10 (see figure 1) to open and close the

discharge valve -8-. The discharge valve is arranged

at the lowest point of the extraction unit. As you can

appreciate in figures 3 and 4, the flow generating system

suction air -3 and the electric motor -4 are

35

   arranged in a -18 and connected to each other by a system

-19-itself conventional coupling. The suction air outlet conduction system -3a-from the outlet nozzle -6-of the suction unit -1-is connected to a suction air inlet on one side of the air flow generating unit of suction -3a-y leaves this generating unit -3-through a suction air outlet -14-on its opposite side.

The extraction machine and its components illustrated in the figures enable continuous operation, which will be described below.

The generating unit of the suction air flow -3 sucks a suction air flow that enters through the suction nozzle, flows through the suction duct -12 towards the inlet nozzle -7-, passes through the suction unit -1-of the one that leaves through the outlet nozzle -6-from which it reaches the generating unit -3-through the suction air conduction system -3a-, and leaves the generating unit -3-through the outlet of suction air -14-. In this way it is achieved that the suction air flow sucked by the inlet nozzle -11-carries with it the dense residual materials inside the suction unit -1-.

The suction unit -1-acts then as a decanter of the sucked materials (which fall by gravity) thus separating them the suction air flow sucked by the generating unit -3-by the outlet nozzle -6- and ensuring the decantation with the baffle-20-. The decanted aspirated materials accumulate in the bottom -the- and, due to the inclination of this one, they flow towards the mouth of the endless -2-.

Once the aspirated materials have been decanted in the suction unit -1-they must be evacuated continuously by the action of the auger screw -2-without interrupting the flow of the suction air from the suction nozzle -11- to the suction air outlet -3a-. For this purpose, the non-return valve -13-installed in the outlet of decanted materials -2b-evacuated by the screw

auger -2 allows the output of the decanted materials to the

time that prevents the entry of air through said outlet -2b-.

In this way, the screw -2 can transport the

materials and evacuate them through the exit -2bsin that the flow of

5

suction air is broken or essentially affected by

air inlets from outside to inside the unit

aspiration -1-.

To keep the level of sludge aspirated as uniform

possible, it can be predetermined, through the control panel

10

-10 that the auger screw -2 only get into action

if the volume of decanted materials accumulated inside

of the suction unit -1 is between certain

programmed values controlled by the level detector -9y

that increases its rate of evacuation of decanted materials

fifteen

when said volume reaches a certain value. For it,

the filling levels detected at all times by the

-9 detector are processed by means of a control system,

such as, for example, a PLC (= Programmable Logic Circuit) in

yes conventional (not shown in the figures). In this way, the

2 o

screw screw extractor -2 acts as a control

maintaining the level of sludge inside the tank -1-.

To avoid material jams in the pipeline

-12 suction and excess pressure caused by jams in

the same, the suction nozzle -11 may be equipped with

25

relief holes, preferably perpendicular (not

shown in the figures) to the suction air flow, whose

diameter and quantity depend on the flow generated in each unit

of aspiration. These holes act as a relief valve for

pressure in case of jamming during suction since it allows the

3 o

continuous intake of air into the system in case of

jam in the suction nozzle -11-.

The extraction machine shown in the figures can

operate continuously and automatically when the operator

Start your operation. To the start order by the

35

   operator, the automatic system integrated in the PLC will check

that the material auxiliary discharge valve -8 is located

closed and the level of material inside the unit

aspiration -1 is adequate. At that moment the

suction of thick residual materials such as horn, by

5

example, mortar remains, sludge and other thick materials. Of the

same way to the loading process, the system will start

Automatic discharge system with screw

Extractor -2when the conditions to start the extraction

are suitable according to the levels of material extracted. Saying

1 o

level will remain constant in the suction unit -1

between a set level strips until the operator decides

your stop When the cleaning or charging process is finished

or the operator decides that it has finished, press the corresponding

order in the main control panel -10o in auxiliary control

fifteen

(not shown in the figures) as can be a control knob

remote. At that moment the suction operation will stop

maintaining the material extraction operation

decanted Once the quantity of materials decanted from the

suction unit -1-reach a predetermined level, the

twenty

screw screw extractor -2 will stop, to start a

automatic or manual system cleaning process by

-21 water injection nozzles arranged around in the

inside of the suction unit -1-. This process in addition to

The mechanical advantages for the system as durability or good

2 5

operation will prevent possible colonies of bacteria or points

infectious due to the possible aspiration of materials

organic, chemical products or setting agents. One time

Once the cleaning process is finished, the valve can be opened

auxiliary discharge -8-of material, either to remove the material

30

of the interior washing process or to perform a

ocular inspection of the suction unit -1-.

According to what follows from the above, the

waste extractor machine

described with reference to the figures, is likely to be

35

   operated only by a single operator since its operation

It can be fully automatic and controlled by the general control panel -10-and, where appropriate, from a remote auxiliary control installed for operator comfort and proximity to the place of extraction of the thick residual materials.

Claims (10)

l.

Machine extractor from subjects residual thick that

understands

media generators (3, 4) from a flow from air from

aspiration

(3, 4) , media accumulators (one) that accumulate

temporarily the suctioned dense residual materials, and evacuation means (2) of the sucked materials accumulated in the accumulator means (1), aspirator means (11, 12) and control means (10) to control the suction air flow, the means generating the suction air flow (3), the accumulating means (1) and the evacuation means (2), characterized in that the accumulator means (1) comprise a suction unit (1) comprising an inner chamber internally delimited by a bottom (la) and provided with a suction air inlet (7) disposed in an upper part of a first end of the suction unit (1) and a suction air outlet (6) disposed in an upper part of a second end, opposite said first end, of the suction unit (1); the suction air outlet (6) is connected to said generating means (3, 4), and the suction air inlet is connected to said suction means (11, 12) such that the generating means (3, 4 ) suction the incoming suction air through the suction means (11, 12) through the inner chamber, so that the thick residual materials sucked by the suction means (11, 12) are carried away by the suction air flow to said inner chamber where they are decanted from the suction air flow and accumulated on said bottom (the); The evacuation means (2) comprise an extractor screw (2) housed in a housing (2a) arranged at least in said inner chamber of the suction unit (1), the housing (2a) comprising an open bottom end located in the proximity of the bottom (the) of the suction unit (1) and an upper end that emerges from an upper part of the suction unit (1) and with an outlet of materials (2), so that, when operated the screw (2), the thick residual materials are collected in said lower end 5 opened from the housing (2a) by the extractor screw (2) and transported to and evacuated by said material outlet (2b). 2. Extraction machine according to claim 1, characterized 10 because the bottom (la) of the suction unit (1) is at least partially inclined towards the bottom and because the open bottom end of said housing (2a) flows into said bottom. 3. Extraction machine according to claim 2, characterized 15 because it comprises an auxiliary discharge valve (8) disposed in said sump (lb). 4. Extraction machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the auxiliary discharge valve (8) is driven by an electric motor (8a) 5. Extraction machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the material outlet (2b) comprises a non-return valve (13) that allows the materials to exit 2 5 evacuated transported by the extractor screw (2) and prevents the entry of outside air. 6. Extraction machine according to one of the claims above, characterized in that the extractor screw 30 (2) is propelled by an electric drive motor (5). 7. Extraction machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the generating means (3, 4) of the suction air flow comprise a vacuum pump
35 (3) and an electric drive motor (4) that propels the vacuum pump (3).

8.

Extraction machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control means comprise a control panel (10) to govern the operation of the system manually and automatically.

9.

Extraction machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a filling detector (9) for measuring the level of thick residual materials accumulated in the inner chamber of the suction unit (1).

1 O. Extraction machine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the control panel (10) is connected to a processing unit that regulates the parameters of the degree of filling and automatically increases or decreases the worm speed to maintain a stable level and that does not collapse the accumulator.
Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction means (11, 12) comprise a suction nozzle (11) connected to a suction duct (12) that is connected to the intake air intake ( 7) of the suction unit (1).