ES2364716B1 - RECOVERY SYSTEM OF KINETIC ENERGY OF THE BRAKING IN VEHICLES. - Google Patents
RECOVERY SYSTEM OF KINETIC ENERGY OF THE BRAKING IN VEHICLES. Download PDFInfo
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- ES2364716B1 ES2364716B1 ES200801217A ES200801217A ES2364716B1 ES 2364716 B1 ES2364716 B1 ES 2364716B1 ES 200801217 A ES200801217 A ES 200801217A ES 200801217 A ES200801217 A ES 200801217A ES 2364716 B1 ES2364716 B1 ES 2364716B1
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- braking
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- flywheel
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- energy
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/08—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means
- B60K6/10—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel
- B60K6/105—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel the accumulator being a flywheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/10—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Sistema recuperador de la energía cinética de la frenada en vehículos.#El sistema comprende un disco de acoplamiento (4) enfrentado paralelamente al disco de freno (2) y dotado en su cara opuesta de una corona dentada (5) sobre la que engranan, de forma no simultánea, dos grupos de engranajes planetarios (6 y 6') que transmiten la fuerza desde el disco de freno (2) hasta un volante de inercia (12), dotado éste de un piñón concéntrico (13) sobre el que engranan, también de forma no simultánea, dos grupos de engranajes planetarios (7 y 7?). El disco de acopiamiento (4), así como el volante de inercia (12) y dos discos portaplanetarios (10 y 11), van montados sobre el mismo eje principal (1) que el disco de freno (2), con facultad de giro y desplazamiento. Los grupos de engranaje (6-7) y (6'-7'), están posibilitados de desplazarse axialmente para engranar o no con la corona dentada (5) del disco de acopiamiento (4) o con el piñón (13) del volante de inercia (12).System for recovering the kinetic energy of braking in vehicles. # The system comprises a coupling disc (4) facing parallel to the brake disc (2) and provided on its opposite face with a toothed crown (5) on which they engage, not simultaneously, two groups of planetary gears (6 and 6 ') that transmit the force from the brake disc (2) to a flywheel (12), provided with a concentric pinion (13) on which they engage , also not simultaneously, two groups of planetary gears (7 and 7?). The collection disk (4), as well as the flywheel (12) and two planetary discs (10 and 11), are mounted on the same main axis (1) as the brake disc (2), with the power to turn and displacement. The gear units (6-7) and (6'-7 '), are able to move axially to engage or not with the toothed crown (5) of the coupling disc (4) or with the pinion (13) of the flywheel of inertia (12).
Description
Sistema recuperador de la energía cinética de la frenada en vehículos. Objeto de la invenciónKinetic energy recovery system for vehicle braking. Object of the invention
La presente invención, según se expresa en el enunciadode esta memoria descriptiva,se refiereaun sistema recuperador de la energía cinética de la frenadaenvehículos,el cualha sido concebidoyrealizado para mejorar el proceso de la frenada aprovechando partedelaenergía cinéticadelpropiovehículo,obien para conseguir una disipación gradual del calor que se genera como consecuencia de la frenada. The present invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to a recovery system of the kinetic energy of braking in vehicles, which has been conceived and carried out to improve the braking process by taking advantage of the kinetic energy of the vehicle, also to achieve a gradual dissipation of the heat that It is generated as a result of braking.
Por lo tanto, el objeto de la invención es absorber parte de la energía de la frenada de un vehículo yrestituirla parcialmente en forma útil, sin alterar el funcionamiento de los sistemas actuales que incorporan normalmente los vehículos, como pueden ser el ABS, reparto de tracción, etc. Antecedentes de la invención Therefore, the object of the invention is to absorb part of the braking energy of a vehicle and partially replace it in a useful way, without altering the operation of current systems that normally incorporate vehicles, such as ABS, traction distribution , etc. Background of the invention
Comoes sabido,el procesode frenadodeunvehículo seproduce en tiempos relativamente muy cortos, poniendo en juego grandes cantidades de energía, de manera quela mayor parte de la energía cinética de un vehículo, al frenar, se transfiere a las pastillas, a los discosde frenoy alos neumáticos, convirtiéndose en calor irrecuperable que debe serdisipado, con los problemas e inconvenientes que presentan los sistemas de disipación propiamente dichos. As is known, the braking process of a vehicle takes place in relatively short times, putting large amounts of energy into play, so that most of the kinetic energy of a vehicle, when braking, is transferred to the pads, brake discs and tires, becoming unrecoverable heat that must be dissipated, with the problems and disadvantages of the dissipation systems themselves.
No obstante, son o han sido numerosos los intentos de aprovechar esa energía cinética originada en la frenada de vehículos, aunque en unos casos por su complejidad de los medios, o bien por su volumen, al basarseen sistemasde bombeoyalmacenamientode fluidos a presiones altas, o en otros casos por su peso al basarse en sistemas eléctricos que utilizan un generadorybateríasdealmacenamiento,lo ciertoesque se desconoce de la existencia de medios que permiten disipar sin problemas la energía resultante como consecuenciadela frenadade losvehículos,ymucho menos aprovechar adecuadamenteyde forma viable esa energía cinética de la frenada. However, there are or have been numerous attempts to take advantage of this kinetic energy caused by the braking of vehicles, although in some cases due to their complexity of the means, or their volume, based on pumping systems and storage of fluids at high pressures, or In other cases, due to its weight, based on electrical systems that use a generator and storage batteries, the truth is that the existence of means that allow the resulting energy to dissipate as a result of vehicle braking is dissipated without problems, and much less adequately and viable use of that kinetic energy of braking.
Asimismo, se han probado sistemas basados en el uso de mercurio, como masa inerte para absorber la energía cinética, actuando comounvolantede inercia líquido, aunque debidoa su peligrosidadyprecisión requerida en su ejecución o materialización práctica, tampoco se ha conseguido una puesta en práctica y aplicación de dicho sistema. Descripción de la invenciónLikewise, systems based on the use of mercury have been tested, as an inert mass to absorb the kinetic energy, acting as a liquid inertia flyer, although due to its dangerousness and precision required in its execution or practical materialization, it has not been possible to put into practice and application of said system. Description of the invention
El sistema objetode la invención presenta unas características que permiten su aplicacióny puesta en práctica como sistema recuperador de la energía cinética originada en el frenado de los vehículos, siendo aplicable preferentementeenvehículosdemásdedos ruedas. The system object of the invention has characteristics that allow its application and implementation as a recovery system of the kinetic energy caused by the braking of the vehicles, vehicles preferably being applied to other wheels.
En tal sentido, el sistema de la invención comprende un módulo que se interrelaciona con el disco de frenodelvehículo,yendo montado coaxialmenteenel mismoeje principalqueésteyconstituido básicamentea partirdeun discode acoplamiento, dotadoen una de sus caras de una corona dentada sobre las que son susceptibles de engranar dos tríos de engranajes planetarios pertenecientesados gruposdistintos, combinándose dichos tríos de engranajes con otros dos tríos pertenecientes tambiéna los dosgrupos referidos, para engranar en este caso con un piñón perteneciente a un volante de inercia montado en el mismo eje principal al de los referidos discos de frenoyde acoplamiento. In this sense, the system of the invention comprises a module that interrelates with the brake disc of the vehicle, being coaxially mounted on the same main axle which is basically constituted from a coupling disc, provided on one of its faces of a toothed crown on which two triplets of planetary gears belonging to different groups, said trios of gears being combined with two other trios belonging to the two referred groups, to engage in this case with a pinion belonging to a flywheel mounted on the same main axis to that of the said brake and coupling discs.
Los grupos de engranajes planetarios van montados en dos platos portaplanetarios montados axial-mente en el mismo eje principal, siendo estos platos portaplanetarios susceptibles de desplazarse axial-mente en el eje para conseguir el engrane de unos u otros tríos de los engranajes planetarios, con la corona del disco de acoplamiento o con el piñón del volante de inercia. The planetary gear groups are mounted on two planetary plates mounted axially on the same main axis, these planetary plates being able to move axially on the shaft to achieve the engagement of one or other trios of the planetary gears, with the crown of the coupling disc or with the flywheel pinion.
Los mediosquese acabande comentaryconstitutivos de un módulo montable coaxialmente a la rueda del vehículo correspondiente, determina un sistema de intercambio de la energía mecánica correspondiente al giro del propio disco del freno, con el volante de inercia capazde absorbero cederla energía,en donde la transmisión de ésta se efectúa mediante los engranajes planetarios comentados, con el fin de que dicha energía pueda ser restituida de forma aprovechable o, simplemente, disiparse gradualmente. The means that have just been commented on and constitutive of a module that can be coaxially mounted to the wheel of the corresponding vehicle, determines a system of exchange of mechanical energy corresponding to the rotation of the brake disc itself, with the flywheel capable of absorbing or yielding energy, where the transmission of the latter. it is carried out by means of the planetary gears mentioned, so that this energy can be restored in a useful way or simply dissipate gradually.
Los dos platos portaplanetarios, aunque giran siempre en las mismas condiciones, como uno solo, sin embargo pueden desplazarse paralelamente al eje principaly común de forma distinta, de manera que el plato soporte de un grupo de engranajes planetarios es desplazado por laspastillasde freno, mientras que el plato soporte del otro grupo de engranajes es desplazado mediante un actuador externo que puede estar constituido por uncilindro hidráulicou otro medio apropiado que actúa combinadamente con el acelerador del vehículo, arrastrando además al plato portaplanetariodel primergrupode engranajes planetarios, a partir de un punto determinado de su recorrido. The two planetary plates, although they always rotate in the same conditions, as one, however they can move parallel to the main and common axis differently, so that the support plate of a group of planetary gears is displaced by the brake pads, while The support plate of the other gear group is displaced by an external actuator that can be constituted by a hydraulic cylinder or other appropriate means that acts in combination with the vehicle's accelerator, also dragging the planetary plate holder of the first group of planetary gears, from a certain point of its travel.
Concretamente,enbaseal sistemadelainvención, cuando se realiza la frenada del vehículo el disco de freno correspondiente actúa como motoryla transmisión de energía mediante los engranajes planetarios se trasmite al volante de inercia, entrando éste en rotación en sentido contrario al de rotación del propio disco de freno,y por lo tanto también al giro de las ruedasdelvehículo,yello como consecuenciadeque la relación de rotación entre el volante de inercia y disco de freno proporcionada por los engranajes planetarios, es superior a la unidad (del orden de diez o más). Specifically, based on the system of the invention, when the vehicle is braking, the corresponding brake disc acts as a motory and the transmission of energy by means of the planetary gears is transmitted to the flywheel, entering it in rotation in the opposite direction to the rotation of the brake disc itself, and therefore also to the rotation of the wheels of the vehicle, and this as a consequence of the rotation ratio between the flywheel and brake disc provided by the planetary gears, is greater than the unit (of the order of ten or more).
Para evitar que el volante pueda oponerse a la frenada, se dotará al sistema, concretamente al juego de engranajes que engranan con el piñón del volante de inercia, de un enganche unidireccional, como ocurre conlospedalesdeuna bicicletaocomoconelengrane del motor de arranque de un vehículo con el volante de inercia del propio motor. To prevent the steering wheel from opposing braking, the system, specifically the gear set that meshes with the flywheel pinion, will be provided with a unidirectional hitch, as is the case with the bicycles of a bicycle or co-connected with the starter of a vehicle with the steering wheel of inertia of the motor itself.
Sin embargo, cuando el vehículo es acelerado, el volante de inercia actúa como motor, de manera que en este casola conexión mecánica entre dichovolante de inerciay el discode freno se realiza mediante el segundo grupo de engranajes con una relación de velocidad angular entre talesvolantede inerciaydisco de freno, inferior a la que existe en el proceso de la frenada. Igualmente, en este caso el juego de engranajes va dotado de un enganche unidireccional para evitar que el volante de inercia pueda llegar a oponerse a la aceleración del vehículo. However, when the vehicle is accelerated, the flywheel acts as an engine, so that in this case the mechanical connection between said flywheel and the brake disc is made by the second group of gears with an angular velocity relationship between such flywheel and drive disk. brake, lower than what exists in the braking process. Likewise, in this case the gear set is provided with a unidirectional hitch to prevent the flywheel from being able to oppose the acceleration of the vehicle.
El objetivoquese persigueesmúltiple,yaquepor un lado, en el caso de frenado, el sistema actúa hasta que las revoluciones del disco de freno sean bajas, que lógicamente es al final de la frenada;y en el caso de la aceleración hasta que el volante de inercia hayaperdidogranpartedesu rotación,mientrasque por otro lado se evita que se produzcan efectos contrarios a los deseados, como es el empuje durante la frenadao retención durantela aceleración delvehículo, permitiendo además suavizarel procesoyevitando con ello excesivos esfuerzos puntuales en ambos casos mediante las fricciones (efecto embrague). The objective is multiple, and on the one hand, in the case of braking, the system acts until the brake disc revolutions are low, which logically is at the end of the braking; and in the case of acceleration until the flywheel it has lost great part of its rotation, while on the other hand it prevents the occurrence of effects contrary to those desired, such as the thrust during braking or retention during the acceleration of the vehicle, also allowing the process to be smoothed and thereby avoiding excessive punctual efforts in both cases by friction (clutch effect).
El sistema se puede complementar con un subsistema auxiliar que debidamente temporizado transforma la energía sobrante en eléctrica para, por ejemplo, recargarla batería o para otros aprovechamientos, pudiendo hacerse de forma gradual en un período de tiempo superior al de frenada. The system can be complemented with an auxiliary subsystem that duly timed transforms the remaining energy into electrical energy for, for example, recharging the battery or for other uses, and can be done gradually over a period of time longer than braking.
El módulo en que se materializa el sistema será preferentemente aplicableacadaunadelasruedasdel vehículo, parabuscar unadistribución simétricade esfuerzosypesos,evitandola acumulaciónde energía en caso de montar un solo módulo,y conseguir con ello un óptimo funcionamiento. The module in which the system materializes will preferably be applicable to each of the vehicle's trials, to look for a symmetric distribution of stresses and pulses, avoiding the accumulation of energy in the case of mounting a single module, and thus achieving optimal operation.
Tal sistema puede ser aplicado a cualquier tipo de eje giratorio que seanecesario frenar,en cuyo caso no existiráel discode frenodelosvehículos. Such a system can be applied to any type of rotating shaft that needs to be braked, in which case there will be no brake disc of the vehicles.
En cualquier caso, lasventajas del sistema son numerosas e importantes, de manera que se pueden destacar las siguientes: In any case, the advantages of the system are numerous and important, so that the following can be highlighted:
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- Es un sistema mediante el que se consigue un efecto estabilizador sobreelvehículo, compensando el par de vuelco por efecto giroscópico en el momento de describir una trayectoria curva, pues como se ha dicho con anterioridad al volante de inercia se le dota de un sentido de giro contrario al de las ruedas, con lo que se consigue compensar en mayor o menor medidalas fuerzasque hacenqueelvehículo tienda avolcar cuando describe una curva en su camino, o incluso en un siniestro. It is a system through which a stabilizing effect is achieved on the vehicle, compensating for the tipping torque by gyroscopic effect at the time of describing a curved path, because as stated before the flywheel is given an opposite direction of rotation that of the wheels, with which it is possible to compensate to a greater or lesser extent the forces that make your vehicle shop when it describes a curve in its path, or even in an accident.
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- Es un sistema inercial que actúa como tampón energético, al absorber parte de la energía de frenada en unvehículoyrestituirla parcialmente de forma útil. It is an inertial system that acts as an energy buffer, by absorbing part of the braking energy in a vehicle and partially replacing it in a useful way.
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- Es un sistema fácil de aplicar ya que constituye un módulo o conjunto montable sobre el propio eje del disco de frenode las ruedas del vehículo. It is an easy system to apply since it constitutes a module or assembly that can be mounted on the axle of the brake disc of the vehicle's wheels.
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- Es un sistema que posibilita mejorar la estabilidad de los vehículos en virtud de conseguir un óptimo reparto de los esfuerzos, porlo que es un sistema que proporciona una mayor seguridad a los vehículos. It is a system that makes it possible to improve the stability of the vehicles by virtue of achieving an optimal distribution of efforts, so it is a system that provides greater security to the vehicles.
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- Es un sistema que aprovecha mejor la adherencia de los vehículos. It is a system that takes better advantage of vehicle adhesion.
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- También constituye un medio que alarga la vida de los consumibles o elementos que forman parte del sistema de frenada. It also constitutes a means that extends the life of consumables or elements that are part of the braking system.
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- Es un sistema que ahorra combustible, ya que parte de la energía es reutilizada, por lo que se consigue un ahorro de energía. It is a system that saves fuel, since part of the energy is reused, so that energy savings are achieved.
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- También resulta ser un sistema que permite reducirel desgastede los discos, pastillasde frenoyneumáticos, ya que no toda la energía se disipa por fricción como ocurre convencionalmente. It also turns out to be a system that allows to reduce the wear of the discs, brake pads and tires, since not all energy is dissipated by friction as conventionally occurs.
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- Es un sistema que no contamina. It is a system that does not pollute.
Breve descripción de los dibujosBrief description of the drawings
Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente sevaa realizary con objetode ayudara una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva un juegodedibujosenbasealoscualesse comprenderán más fácilmente las innovacionesy ventajas del sistema de la invención. In order to complement the description that is then to be made and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, a set of drawings based on which the innovations and advantages of the system of the invention will be more easily understood are included herein.
Figura 1.-Muestra una vista esquemática según un alzado lateral del sistemadelainvención. Figure 1.- Shows a schematic view according to a side elevation of the invention system.
Figura 2.-Muestra una vistafrontalytambién esquemática del mismo sistema representado en la figura anterior, dejando ver la disposición de los engranajes planetarios. Figure 2.- Shows a schematic view of the same system represented in the previous figure, showing the arrangement of the planetary gears.
Figura 3.-Muestra una vista en perspectiva generalyesquemáticaenexplosióndelos elementos fundamentales que comprende el sistema de la invención. Figure 3.- It shows a general perspective view and schematic and explosion of the fundamental elements that comprise the system of the invention.
Figura 4.-Muestra otra vista en perspectiva como la de la figura anterior, en este caso desde un ángulo diferente del mismo sistema. Descripción de la forma de realización preferidaFigure 4.- Shows another perspective view like the one in the previous figure, in this case from a different angle of the same system. Description of the preferred embodiment
A la vista de las comentadas figuras, puede observarse cómo el sistema de la invención está previsto para su aplicación sobre el mismo eje principal1 correspondiente al disco de freno 2 de un vehículo automóvil, viéndose esquemáticamente en las figuras el correspondiente portapastillas de frenado 3. In view of the aforementioned figures, it can be seen how the system of the invention is intended for application on the same main axle1 corresponding to the brake disc 2 of a motor vehicle, the corresponding braking carrier 3 being schematically seen in the figures.
Pues bien, el sistema de la invención constituye un módulo que se monta, como se decía, axialmente en el eje principal 1 del disco de freno 2 del vehículo, comprendiendo tal módulo un disco de acoplamiento4que queda paralelamenteyenfrentadoal disco de freno 2, siendo portador ese disco de acoplamiento4de una corona dentadayconcéntrica5sobre la que son susceptibles de engranar, alternativamente, dos tríosde engranajes planetarios6y6’ que forman parte de sendos grupos de engranajes a los que pertenecen otrosdos tríosde engranajes7y7’,de manera tal que los engranajes6y7 van montados por parejas en respectivos ejes independientes 8, mientras que los engranajes6’y7’van igualmente montados por parejas en respectivos ejes 9, de manera tal que los dos gruposde engranajes6-7y6’-7’van montados sobre respectivos platos portaplanetarios 10y11 que al igualqueel discode freno2y eldiscode acoplamiento4 van también montadoseneleje principal1, confacultadde desplazamiento axial respectode éste. Well, the system of the invention constitutes a module that is mounted, as it was said, axially on the main axis 1 of the brake disc 2 of the vehicle, said module comprising a coupling disc 4 that is parallel to the brake disc 2, being a carrier that coupling disc 4 of a crown and concentric crown 5 on which two planetary gears 6 and 6 'are alternately capable of engaging, which are part of two groups of gears to which other two trios of gears 7 and 7' belong, so that the gears 6 and 7 are mounted in pairs on respective axes independent 8, while the gears 6 'and 7' are equally mounted in pairs on respective axes 9, so that the two groups of gears 6-7 and 6'-7 'are mounted on respective planetary plates 10 and 11 that like the brake disc 2 and the coupling disc 4 also go mounted on main axle 1, with axial displacement pectode this one.
El módulo se complementa además con un volante de inercia 12 dotado de un piñón concéntrico 13 sobre los que son susceptibles de engranar, también alternativamente, los engranajes planetarios7y7’. The module is also complemented by a flywheel 12 provided with a concentric pinion 13 on which the planetary gears 7 and 7 ’are also capable of engaging.
De acuerdo con las características estructurales del sistema, cuando se realiza la frenada del disco de freno2,la rotacióndeésteactúacomomotordelsistema, transmitiendo dicha rotación, por fricción, al discode acoplamiento4, comportándose ambos discos2 y4como un sistema de embrague de disco en seco, todo ello de manera tal que la transmisión de energía desdeel discode freno2se realiza haciaelvolantede inercia 12 mediante los tríos de engranajes planetarios6y7, solidarios entresípor estarenel mismoeje 8, ya que los engranajes planetarios6 engranan con la corona 5, pudiendo engranar enésta los engranajes 6’, dependiendo del desplazamiento de uno u otro delosplatos portaplanetarios10y11,de maneraque esa transmisión hasta el volante 12, por engrane de losengranajes planetarios7ó7’ sobreel piñón13de tal volante 12, hace que éste gire en sentido contrario al del piñón de freno 2, siendo la relación de rotación entre ambos superior a la unidad. According to the structural characteristics of the system, when brake disc braking2 is performed, the rotation of this motor is activated by the system, transmitting said rotation, by friction, to the coupling disc4, both discs behaving2 and 4 as a dry disc clutch system, all in a manner such that the transmission of energy from the brake disc2 is carried out towards the inertia steering wheel 12 by means of the planetary gear trios6 and 7, integral with the same axis 8, since the planetary gears6 engage with the crown 5, the gears 6 'being able to engage, depending on the displacement of one or another of the planetary carrier plates 10 and 11, so that transmission to the steering wheel 12, by gearing of the planetary gears 7 or 7 'on the pinion 13 of such steering wheel 12, causes it to rotate in the opposite direction to that of the brake pinion 2, the rotation ratio between them being greater than the unity.
Paraevitarque dichovolante12pueda oponersea la frenada pretendida, se ha previsto que los engranajes6y7estén dotadosdeunenganche unidireccional, comopuedesereldelospedalesdeuna bicicleta,no representado. In order to avoid said steering wheel 12, the intended braking may be opposed, it is provided that the gears 6 and 7 are provided with a unidirectional hitch, such as the pedals of a bicycle, not shown.
En el proceso contrario, es decir cuando el vehículo acelera, entonces el volante de inercia 12 actúa como motor, estableciéndose la conexión mecánica entre este volante de inercia 12 y el disco de freno 2delvehículo mediante los engranajes planetarios6 y6’,de maneraqueen este casola relacióndevelocidadangular entretalvolantede inercia12yel disco de freno2 es inferioralaqueexisteenelprocesode frenada, complementándose igualmente los engranajes7y7’ conunenganche unidireccionalparaevitar que el volante de inercia 12 pueda llegar a oponerse a la aceleración del vehículo. In the opposite process, that is, when the vehicle accelerates, then the flywheel 12 acts as an engine, establishing the mechanical connection between this flywheel 12 and the brake disc 2 of the vehicle using the planetary gears 6 and 6 ', so that in this case the angular velocity relationship between the inertia steering wheel 12 and the brake disc 2 is less than that in the braking process, the gears 7 and 7 'are also complemented with a unidirectional hitch to prevent the inertia steering wheel 12 from being able to oppose the acceleration of the vehicle.
Los platos portaplanetarios 10 y 11, montados axialmente en el eje principal 1, aunque giran siempre en las mismas condiciones, como si se tratase de un soloplato, sin embargo pueden desplazarse axial-mente eneleje común1referido,yde forma distinta, de manera que el plato 10 soporta las parejas de tríos de engranajes planetarios6y7, mientras queel plato 11 soporta las parejas de tríos de engranajes planetarios 6’y7’, desplazándose el primer plato 10 por la acción de las pastillas de freno, mientras que el segundo plato 11 se desplaza por medio de un actuador no representadoy que actúa junto con el acelerador del vehículo, arrastrando al plato portaplanetario 10 a partir de un determinado punto de su recorrido. The planetary plates 10 and 11, mounted axially on the main shaft 1, although they always rotate in the same conditions, as if it were a soloplate, however they can move axially in the common axis1 referred, and in a different way, so that the plate 10 supports the pairs of planetary gear triplets 6 and 7, while plate 11 supports the pairs of planetary gear triplets 6 'and 7', the first plate 10 moving by the action of the brake pads, while the second plate 11 travels by means of an actuator not shown and acting together with the accelerator of the vehicle, dragging the planetary plate 10 from a certain point of its travel.
Cabe destacarigualmenteel hechodequelos tríos de planetario 6 y 6’ están montados de manera tal que sus centros ocupan los vértices de dos hipotéticos triángulos equiláteros, uno por cada trío de engranajes planetarios, girados entre sí un ángulo de 60º, coincidiendo los centros de esos hipotéticos triángulos con el eje principal 2. It should also be noted that the planetary trios 6 and 6 'are assembled in such a way that their centers occupy the vertices of two hypothetical equilateral triangles, one for each trio of planetary gears, rotated at an angle of 60 °, coinciding with the centers of these hypothetical triangles with the main shaft 2.
Por otro lado se ha previsto que el correspondiente actuador sobre el plato 11 portador de los tríos de engranajes planetarios6’y7’,irá mecánicamente unido a algún elemento externo al sistema, como puede ser el propio portapastillas de freno 3, y cuya posición angular es fija, respondiendo al mando del acelerador conla condicióndequeno esté actuandoel frenoyse suelte el embrague del vehículo. On the other hand, it has been foreseen that the corresponding actuator on the plate 11 carrying the planetary gear trios6'and7 ', will be mechanically connected to some element external to the system, such as the brake pad holder 3 itself, and whose angular position is fixed, responding to the throttle control with the condition that the brake is being operated and the vehicle clutch released.
Conviene aclarar que entre el disco de freno2y el disco de acoplamiento 4, durante la frenada, se establece una fricción elevada para transmitir el movimiento a dicho disco de acoplamiento 4 y luego la correspondiente transmisión hastaelvolantede inercia12, mientrasque entrelos platos10y11,así como entreel plato10yeldiscode acoplamiento4,la fricción es pequeña con el fin de cumplir la función de limitar el giro del plato portaplanetario 10. It should be clarified that between the brake disc 2 and the coupling disc 4, during braking, a high friction is established to transmit the movement to said coupling disc 4 and then the corresponding transmission to the inertia steering wheel 12, while between the plates 10 and 11, as well as between the plate 10 and the coupling disc 4 , the friction is small in order to fulfill the function of limiting the rotation of the planetary carrier plate 10.
Cabe destacar el hecho de que mediante el sistema de la invención se puede conseguir un efecto estabilizador sobre el vehículo, compensando en parte el par de vuelco por efectogiroscópico en el momento de describir una trayectoria curva,yello en basea dotar al volante de inercia 12 de giro contrario al del disco de freno2yporlo tantode las ruedas delvehículo, pretendiendo de esta manera compensar en mayor o menor medida las fuerzas que hacen que el vehículo tiendaavolcar cuando describe una curva en su camino. It should be noted that, by means of the system of the invention, a stabilizing effect on the vehicle can be achieved, partially compensating for the torque of gyro-gyro when describing a curved path, and based on providing the flywheel 12 of counterclockwise rotation of the brake disc 2 and for both the wheels of the vehicle, thus attempting to compensate to a greater or lesser extent the forces that cause the vehicle to roll when describing a curve in its path.
Finalmente decir que el sistema puede complementarse con un subsistema auxiliar que permita transformar la energía sobrante en energía eléctrica para recargar,porejemplola bateríaoparaotrosaprovechamientos, con la comodidadde poder hacerlo de forma gradual en un tiempo más largo que el de frenada. Es decir, aunque la frenada dura muy poco tiempo, del orden de segundos, el mantenimiento de rotación del volante de inercia 12 se consigue hasta que se produzca una aceleración del vehículo, lo que da lugara que se genere esa energía eléctrica en un tiempo más largo, lo que implicaría dispositivos eléctricos más pequeñosysimples que los que serían necesarios si esa generación se produce sólo durante la frenada. Puede disponerse un temporizador que, tras un tiempo desde la última frenadaysin otro requerimiento, conecte ese subsistema auxiliar, que puede estar formado por un bobinado eléctrico con los necesarios dispositivoseléctricosy se produzcala energía eléctrica aprovechable, a costa de la disminución angular del volante de inercia 12. Finally, it can be said that the system can be complemented with an auxiliary subsystem that allows the remaining energy to be transformed into electrical energy for recharging, for example, the battery or for other uses, with the convenience of being able to do it gradually over a longer time than braking. That is, although the braking lasts for a very short time, of the order of seconds, the maintenance of rotation of the flywheel 12 is achieved until an acceleration of the vehicle occurs, which gives rise to the generation of that electrical energy in a longer time. long, which would imply smaller and simpler electrical devices than would be necessary if that generation occurs only during braking. A timer can be provided that, after a time since the last braking and without another requirement, connects that auxiliary subsystem, which can be formed by an electric winding with the necessary electrical devices and produces usable electrical energy, at the cost of the angular decrease of the flywheel 12 .
Claims (7)
- 5. 5.
- Sistema recuperadordela energía cinéticadela frenada en vehículos, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque opcionalmente incorpora un subsistema auxiliar que, debidamente temporizado, transformalaenergía sobrante originadaenla frenada en energía eléctrica para la utilización de ésta en la recarga de la batería del vehículo o para otros usos. Kinetic energy recovery system for braking in vehicles, according to previous claims, characterized in that it optionally incorporates an auxiliary subsystem that, duly timed, converts the excess energy originated in the braked energy into electrical energy for its use in recharging the vehicle's battery or for other uses.
- 6. 6.
- Sistema recuperador de la energía cinética de la frenada en vehículos, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque el disco de freno (2) constituye un motor en la operación de frenada, transmitiendo su rotación por fricción al disco de acoplamiento (4), para realizar la transmisión de energía de aquél hasta el volante de inercia (12), a través de los engranajes planetarios (6 y 7), produciendo un giro contrariode dichovolantede inercia(12) respectodel giro del disco de freno (2), para recuperación y/o disipación de la energía, mientras que en la operación de aceleración del vehículo, el volante de inercia (12) constituyeun motorquetransmitesu inercia,através de los engranajes planetarios (6’y7’). System for recovering the kinetic energy of braking in vehicles, according to previous claims, characterized in that the brake disc (2) constitutes a motor in the braking operation, transmitting its rotation by friction to the coupling disc (4), to perform the transmission of energy from it to the flywheel (12), through the planetary gears (6 and 7), producing an opposite rotation of said flywheel (12) with respect to the rotation of the brake disc (2), for recovery and / or energy dissipation, while in the acceleration operation of the vehicle, the flywheel (12) constitutes a motor that transfers its inertia, through the planetary gears (6'y7 ').
- 7. 7.
- Sistema recuperador de la energía cinética de la frenada en vehículos, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los engranajes planetarios (7y7’) se complementan con un enganche unidireccional, tipo trinquete o similar, para evitar que el volante de inercia (12) pueda oponerse a la aceleración del vehículo, mientras que los engranajes planetarios (6y6’) se complementen igualmente con un enganche unidireccional para evitar que el volante de inercia (12) pueda oponerse a la frenada. System for recovering the kinetic energy of braking in vehicles, according to previous claims, characterized in that the planetary gears (7 and 7 ') are complemented by a unidirectional hitch, ratchet type or the like, to prevent the flywheel (12) from opposing the acceleration of the vehicle, while the planetary gears (6 and 6 ') are also complemented with a unidirectional hitch to prevent the flywheel (12) from opposing braking.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200801217A ES2364716B1 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2008-04-28 | RECOVERY SYSTEM OF KINETIC ENERGY OF THE BRAKING IN VEHICLES. |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200801217A ES2364716B1 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2008-04-28 | RECOVERY SYSTEM OF KINETIC ENERGY OF THE BRAKING IN VEHICLES. |
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| ES200801217A Expired - Fee Related ES2364716B1 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2008-04-28 | RECOVERY SYSTEM OF KINETIC ENERGY OF THE BRAKING IN VEHICLES. |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019007121A1 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-01-10 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Braking system and braking method for braking system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102015121347B4 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2019-05-16 | Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen | Radbremsrekuperationssystem |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3102513A1 (en) * | 1980-03-27 | 1982-08-19 | Edmond 4650 Gelsenkirchen-Horst Tuttaß | Rotational energy storage device for utilising the braking energy with automatic transmission |
| JPS57144157A (en) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-06 | Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd | Energy recovering type brake device for locomotive |
| WO1998042550A1 (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 1998-10-01 | Chang Woo Lee | Braking device for bicycles |
| US5901804A (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-05-11 | Shimshi; Ezra | Energy wheel |
| DE19855533C2 (en) * | 1998-12-02 | 2001-02-08 | Oelling Dieter | Flywheel transmission with torque storage |
| US7473204B2 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2009-01-06 | American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. | Propeller shaft assembly with energy storage mechanism and controlled clutch |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019007121A1 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-01-10 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Braking system and braking method for braking system |
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