ES2364059A1 - Procedure for the manufacture of plates for constructions carried out from waste, as well as plates performed. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Procedure for the manufacture of plates for the construction made from waste, as well as plates made. Procedure for the manufacture of plates for construction made from waste and which can be used for thermal and acoustic insulation in the construction and urban furniture sectors, where non-hazardous waste, from a variety of sources, is used as the main raw material sectors, such as carpet, foams, plastics, rubbers, etc. And wherein said process basically comprises the steps of receiving (1), storage (2) and adequacy (3) of the materials, mixing (5) with adhesives and other additives (6), pressing (7), demolding (8), cooling and drying of the plates and final storage (10) for shipment. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Procedure for the manufacture of plates for construction made from waste as well as plates made.

Technical sector

This invention generally concerns the field of the manufacture of plates for thermal and acoustic insulation in works and construction from recycled material, being understood by such plates, panels, acoustic panels, insulating panels, Quick boards, protective boards, pavements, roofs, etc.

State of the art

Different types of plates are known acoustics to reduce the transmission of road sound from among which we cite the following patent numbers: US 3630310, from plastic foam, US 3656576 that uses fibers and US 4094379 which uses mixture of materials (foam plastic, fibers, rubber, etc.)

Also, procedures are also known for the manufacture of acoustic plates from recycled rubber of tires These procedures are limiting in terms of waste to process; These processes are only valid for one Only type of very specific waste.

On the other hand, tire processing involves separating the steel and textile filaments present in the residual tire, which makes the process to purify the material to process.

On the other hand, the plates obtained with some of the procedures mentioned in the previous paragraphs they propose to combine different raw materials: residual tires and cork, taking advantage of the properties that the latter material contributes. This implies that the plates have been made by residual materials and new materials, which means a increase in manufacturing cost and exploitation of new means.

From the analysis of the state of the art, concludes that there is currently no manufacturing process for plates using waste mixtures as raw material.

Instead, the present invention patent presents the peculiarity of using only as a subject premium, residual materials, and which are also waste that today in day have a low or no recycling potential, which It would mean disposal in landfill or incinerator.

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a process of plate manufacturing for the construction sectors and street furniture, in which it is used as the main raw material non-hazardous waste, as well as the plates themselves manufactured.

The waste object of the invention process, they come from various sectors, therefore, they are very numerous and various kinds, such as carpet, foams, plastics, rubber, etc.

They can appear mixed and with impurities, but as a minimum requirement, the waste to be processed must meet The following conditions: constant production, homogeneity and absence of hazardous materials (toxic, corrosive, etc.).

By using the techniques of this invention can be manufactured among others, acoustic plates with various applications: acoustic screen in road infrastructure (roads, train tracks, etc.), industrial acoustics, insulation building acoustics, etc.

On the other hand, tire processing involves separating the steel and textile filaments present in the residual tire, which makes the process to purify the material to process.

Brief description of the figures

To complete the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, is attached herein descriptive, as an integral part of it, a set of drawings where illustrative and non-limiting nature has been represented the next:

Figure 1 represents a flow chart of the construction plate manufacturing process from waste.

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Detailed description of a preferred mode of the invention

The present invention patent, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to the plate manufacturing process for construction carried out from waste.

This process is basically composed of following operations shown in figure 1.

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Reception of materials (1)

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Storage in reception depot (2)

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Primary adequacy of materials (3)

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Storage and reception of adhesives (4)

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Mixed (5)

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Aditivation of adhesives, flame retardants and catalysts (6)

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Pressing - Steam Injection (7)

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Mold (8)

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Transport and evacuation of plates (9)

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Expedition storage (10)

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They are detailed in more detail below. said operations characteristic of the present patent of invention:

Reception of materials (1)

Waste to be processed may be disappointed in different ways; attending to your physical presentation, these can introduce oneself;

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crushed

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in strips

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chunks integers

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etc.

And according to their delivery method, they can be delivered:

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in bullets

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in compactor boxes

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in you take out

All of them are downloaded in the reception area of materials.

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Storage in reception depot (2)

Depending on the form presented by the waste and its physical characteristics are stored in deposits, in pillar or in silos, for later processing.

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Primary adaptation of materials (3)

Waste used as raw materials has to adapt in order to be able to use them in the process. This adequacy consists of:

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selection and separation of materials by typology, in order to separate those improper materials that could interfere in the final quality of the product or in the process.

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Crushing and size reduction, for allow a greater contact surface with the binder.

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Cleaning and disposal of impurities

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Storage and reception of adhesives (4)

Adhesives arrive at the plant in drums. These are placed in the area specifically intended for them. The tanks have taps and dosing valves that allow its direct use.

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Mixed

Waste mixtures will be necessary when Each of the waste brings a quality to the final product.

In any case, at this stage, we will proceed to mix the previously appropriate residue.

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Additivation of adhesives, flame retardants and catalysts (6)

In the same mixer the addition of the adhesive binders allowing intimate contact of the same with the surface of the particles. If necessary, in this moment the additives (flame retardants, catalysts, etc.).

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Pressing - Steam Injection (7)

Once mixed, proceed to the introduction of the material in the press plate, extends evenly and press with steam injection at the bottom to accelerate the crosslinking of binders.

On the other hand, during this operation of pressing, additional elements can be incorporated into the plate, since either for decorative or aesthetic reasons, or to provide the plate of other characteristics and final properties necessary for later use

These additional elements may consist of in:

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sheet of flame retardant fabric.

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Tissue decorative.

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Mesh protection (metallic, plastic, etc.).

These elements are placed at the base of the plate press before it is filled by the material, or in the upper part once placed and extended the material. Both in one as in another case, these elements are firmly subject to the plate being part of it, and giving it other additional characteristics.

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Mold (8)

Once past the pressing time and "cured" with steam, the plates are demoulded by 4 pistons that raise the plate above the mold.

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Transport and evacuation of plates (9)

The plates are allowed to cool and dry to remove excess moisture due to steam injection.

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Expedition storage (10)

Finally, the plates are palletized and stored for later expedition.

The plates may have the surface shape that desired, for example wavy, squared, etc., and this will depend of the pressing elements of the plate bearing such motifs and Pressing leave that mark on the plate.

The main object of this invention is the use of waste materials for the manufacture of plates for building. In reference to the conventional manufacturing process of plates the installation and the procedure described herein Invention Patent presents a technological innovation associated with use of waste products. This peculiarity allows to recover materials, and therefore, avoids the exploitation of resources.

The method of invention offers the possibility of manufacture different products. Thus it is possible to manufacture panels rigid for partitions, enclosures, wall coverings, vehicle floors, suspended ceilings, carpets, drains for landfills, etc.

For a correct interpretation, a then a case of practical realization, by way of example, non-limiting, of the operation of this Patent of Invention, accompanied by the drawings, in which it is represented schematically, a process designed according to the present Patent of Invention.

The plant, in addition to the reception and storage of the residue already commented, is composed of;

A circular flat blade shredder (blade against blade), which has two sieves interchangeable that determine the final particle size. Bill with a metal detector in the mouth of the entrance to separate those improper materials and with a suction system for filters for fine collection.

At the exit of the disposer, the material is stored in metal warehouses from which it passes to a scale to determine the dosage of the mixer load.

A horizontal mixer of blades of 150 Kg. Of capacity and 15 CV of power where the material (crushed waste) mixes intimately with the binder, which falls from the mouth top of the adhesive storage tank by pump dosing

Subsequently, the material in process is driven to a lower steam injection piston press of water, 35 hp and 2 m 2 of press plate. This team of special design consists of a traditional press that has been Built-in steam injection subsystem from the base of the press plate and two interchangeable plates (while one is filled, the other press). The steam provides 150,000 kcal / h at 6-7 kg / cm2 pressure applied at 150 ° C for 15 seconds

Once the pressing and curing time has expired, the demolding system is started, which consists of a piston bottom that pushes the shaped plate out of the mold by placing it on a conveyor belt that extracts it from the unit pressing, from where pallets are available for later expedition.

Claims (3)

1. Procedure for the manufacture of construction plates made from waste, characterized in that it comprises the following operational stages:

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Reception of materials (1)

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Storage in reception depot (2)

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Primary adequacy of materials (3)

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Storage and reception of adhesives (4)

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Mixed (5)

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Aditivation of adhesives, flame retardants and catalysts (6)

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Pressing - Steam Injection (7)

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Mold (8)

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Transport and evacuation of plates (9)

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Expedition storage (10)

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2. Manufacturing process of thermal and acoustic insulation plates, according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste used is chosen from textiles, rubbers, plastics or mixtures thereof. 3. Building plate made from of waste by a procedure as described in the claims 1 and 2.