ES2334305B1 - DRAIN Slab. - Google Patents

Abstract

Draining slab.

A draining slab has its upper surface flat with a plurality of holes that cross it in all its thickness. The draining slab can be placed on porous soil that rest in turn on compacted soil or on a ribbed slab lower. The draining slab may also comprise a plurality of nerves, and in this case, it can be placed on a ribbed slab lower or directly on compact ground.

Description

Draining slab.

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a draining slab.

Background of the invention

The known drainage systems, in particular for fields or sports courts (such as soccer fields, or paddle courts, for example), are based on a network of grooves filled with draining material (such as gravel) on which place a carpet of artificial grass or earth and natural grass. These grooves are provided with a slight inclination, which allows that the water slides to the sides, where it can be collected by drainage channels.

However, this solution is far from being satisfactory Thus, water can drag materials from the surface to drain, and, over time, the drainage channels can  clog. In addition, water will not be distributed evenly by the entire surface to be drained in the drainage process, which areas of greater waterlogging will tend to form in cases of heavy rain. On the other hand, the draining material in the grooves indicated tends to compact with time, which makes it difficult to sewer system.

On the other hand, in the case especially of rugs of artificial grass, in which the holding of the grass is usually made by sand, with the passage of time the small holes will tend to clog with particles of sand or other water-dragged materials, and cleaning said holes, which, as indicated, are usually of a size Very small, it is difficult.

It is very desirable, therefore, a system drainage that is effective, that does not cause a distribution inadequate water on the surface to be drained, which minimizes the risk of sealing and that it is easy to clean.

Compendium of the invention

The above problems are solved satisfactorily by the present invention.

The invention relates to a draining slab, preferably reinforced and prefabricated concrete, surface flat top (which, in one embodiment, may have about dimensions between approximately 5 m. and approximately 10 m. from length and between approximately 1.25 m. and approximately 2.5 m. wide), with a plurality of holes (which can be preferably conical, circular, preferably with a diameter between approximately 10 mm. and approximately 20 mm.- or rectangular - preferably with an area between 10x50 mm. squares and approximately 12x55 mm. square-, or a combination thereof) that pass through it in all its thickness (which may preferably be between about 5 cm. and approximately 15 cm.), and which can be separated between yes, preferably, between approximately 20 cm. Y about 40 cm

In a particular embodiment, the draining slab of the invention has a plurality of nerves, of which preferably two outer nerves delimit the ends of the draining slab and preferably have a half trapeze shape (preferably with a base of 5 cm.), defining a surface straight vertical exterior. Preferably, the nerves are five equidistant nerves, separated from each other by a distance, in each case, approximately 50 cm. In that embodiment, preferably the three central nerves are shaped trapezoidal, the central nerve has a base of approximately 12 cm. and the two nerves adjacent to the central have a base of about 7 cm The height of the nerves can be, preferably, between about 10 cm. and approximately 13 cm

Description of the drawings

The detailed description of the invention, which is will then be better understood with the help of the drawings attachments, in which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, has represented the following:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a draining slab according to a first embodiment of the invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a set of draining slabs according to figure 1 placed on the ground porous which in turn extends over compacted soil.

Figure 3 consists of perspective views, upper and lower, of a lower ribbed slab.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a set of draining slabs according to figure 1 placed on slabs lower ribs according to figure 3.

Figure 5 consists of perspective views, upper and lower, of a draining slab according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a set of draining slabs according to figure 5 placed on compacted ground

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a set of draining slabs according to figure 5 placed on slabs lower ribs according to figure 3.

Figure 8 is a front view of an assembly of draining slabs according to figure 5 placed on ribbed slabs bottoms according to figure 3.

Detailed description of the invention

As can be seen in figure 1, slab 1 drainage of the invention has a rectangular shape, for example of approximately 5 m. at approximately 10 m. long and approximately 1.25 to approximately 2.5 m. wide, and a thickness between about 5 cm. and about 15 cm. Without However, these dimensions, as well as the shape of the slab 1 draining, may vary depending on factors such as, without exhaustive nature, the concrete practical application of it, the overloads to which it will be subjected, geotechnical characteristics of the land that support it, the applicable legal regulation and transport conditions.

The draining slab 1 of the invention has a flat top surface. By "flat top surface" is understood in this report (including the description and claims) a surface that is substantially flat (not concave or convex), without this concept excluding the possibility that said upper surface has certain roughness, which may sometimes be required (for example, to a better hold of the footwear than the footwear).

In any case, the draining slab 1 has a plurality of holes 2, which cross the entire thickness of the same. The number of holes 2 may vary, depending on factors such as the concrete dimensions of the draining slab 1 and the rainfall of the geographical area in which the draining slab 1 It must be installed.

Also the shape of the holes 2 can to vary. In particular, the holes 2 can be circular, Truncated conical or rectangular, as these shapes facilitate the uncoupling In the case of circular holes 2, its diameter it can preferably vary between about 10 mm. Y approximately 20 mm., and, if they are rectangular, its dimensions, also preferably, can range from approximately 10x50 mm square and approximately 12x55 mm squares. However, both the shape and the dimensions of the holes 2 could be different from those described.

The separation between the holes 2 can be, also variable.

In a particular embodiment, slab 1 Drainage of the invention has 2 conical holes 2 of 10 mm to 20 mm and with a separation between them of between 20 cm. and 40 cm.

The draining slab 1 is preferably manufactured from reinforced concrete, the holes 2 can be carried out by perforation by any means known in the art. Preferably, it is a prefabricated slab.

A draining slab 1 as described can placed directly, as can be seen in figure 2, on a porous floor 3 (such as sand or gravel) spread on a compacted natural terrain 4, preferably waterproofed by treatment or with the placement of sheets waterproofing (not shown) between it and the layer of 3 porous soil, so that water evacuation is favored. In Figure 2 shows a separation between each two slabs 1 contiguous drains, in order to facilitate the understanding of the placement thereof, but in practice that separation between contiguous slabs should not exist.

Alternatively, however, slab 1 drainage of the invention can be placed on a ribbed slab 5 bottom, represented in figure 3. In figure 4 you can see a  set of 1 draining slabs placed on 5 ribbed slabs lower.

As can be seen in figure 3, slab 5 lower rib, unlike the draining slab 1, does not present any hole, and its mission, as seen in figure 4, is to serve of gutter to drive water to evacuation zones. To the Like the draining slab 1, the lower rib slab 5 can, preferably, be prefabricated in reinforced concrete, and its dimensions may be the same as indicated above, although, normally, when resting on the ground, its thickness may be somewhat lower than that of the draining slab 1. So, for example, if slab 1 draining has a thickness of 7 cm., it will be enough that the slab 5 lower vein have 5 cm. of thickness.

Nerves 6 can (but not necessarily) have a height of between approximately 15 cm. and approximately 20 cm., And advantageously they are trapezoidal, except the outer ones, that have the shape of a vertical section of trapeze, being its straight and vertical outer face to allow the removal of gaps between a bottom 5 ribbed slab and the adjacent one.

The number of nerves 6 per slab 5 ribbed Lower may vary. For example, for a draining slab 1 higher than 2.5 m. wide, a ribbed 5 slab is recommended lower (which, of course, will also be 2.5 m wide) of five nerves 6, as shown in Figure 3.

It should be noted that not necessarily all 6 nerves have the same thickness. So, for example, in a realization as described, with five nerves 6, it is recommended that the central has a wider base (12 cm. in the embodiment described), while the two next to him will have a base less wide (7 cm. in said embodiment), and outdoors, consistent as stated in a vertical section of trapeze, said thickness will be even smaller (5 cm. in the embodiment indicated).

As you can see, nerves 6 determine channels 7 of water evacuation which, in the indicated embodiment (slab 5 lower rib of 2.5 m. wide with five nerves 6 trapezoidal of the dimensions described) can be 49 cm. from base width

Very advantageously, nerves 6 are continuous, that is, they extend longitudinally across the entire surface of the lower ribbed slab 5. They are nerves 6 of this type represented in figure 3. However, they could also be discontinuous, forming gaps between them.

In a second embodiment of the draining slab, represented in figure 5 and designated with the number 1 ', the same it also has nerves 8, which may have the characteristics of shape, width and thickness of the indicated lower nerves 6 previously. However, having nerves 8 only one stiffening and support function, said ribs 8 can have a lower height. Thus, if the ribs 6 can preferably have a height between about 15 cm. and about 20 cm.,  as indicated, the upper 8 nerves will have preferably a height of between about 10 cm. Y approximately 13 cm

In this second embodiment, the holes, designated now as 2 ', they will not be arranged in nerves 8 of the draining 1 'slab (or, if they are, as in the embodiment represented in the top perspective view of figure 5, of the slab 1 'draining, they will not be holes 2' through through nerves 8).

As can be seen in Figure 6, the ribbed draining slab 1 'of the second embodiment can be placed directly on compacted ground extended on a compacted natural ground 4', most preferably waterproofed by treatment or with the placement of waterproofing sheets (not shown). The draining slab 1 'could also be placed on cement or other substantially compact artificial compact surface, such as reinforced concrete slabs. Unlike that shown in Figure 2 in relation to the draining slab 1 without ribs, in this situation it is not necessary to place a layer of porous soil 3 between the slab 1 'draining and the compacted natural ground 4', since the ribs 8 determine water drainage channels 9 directly on the natural 4 'natural terrain
agreed.

On the other hand, and as can be seen in the Figures 7 and 8, it is also possible to place the slab 1 'draining veined on a slab 5 bottom veined. In this case, the nerves 8 upper ones will rest on the 6 lower nerves, and, very preferably, each 1 'drained ribbed slab will be weighed against the lower ribbed slabs 5, as can be seen in said Figures 7 and 8. The purpose of this type of placement is to make the gasket of the draining slab 1 'does not match that of the slab 5 lower rib, so that water cannot escape to the ground under the lower rib 5 slab and always evacuate through the channels 9 evacuation. For this reason, the central nerve of the 1 'slab draining will preferably be thicker than the others, with in order to fully support two outer ribs 6 of two 5 lower ribs slabs.

With the drainage system of the invention is possible to provide an effective surface drainage system extensive, resulting applicable to sports fields (such as football, tennis, paddle, rugby, golf, polo, racetracks, fields equestrian exercises, etc.), sidewalks, garden areas, etc .; and in In general, it is applicable to any surface that you want to drain. It can also be applied to building roofs.

When required (notably, in the case of sport fields), on the draining 1, 1 'slabs you can place the desired surface, such as sand, grass natural or artificial, etc.

Drained water can be collected in gutters perimeter (not shown) that can optionally evacuate to the network or lead it to warehouses for use (to irrigation, etc.).

The embodiments of Figures 4, 6 and 7 and 8 also allow the cleaning of the evacuation channels 7, 9 of water without lifting the drained surface and slabs 1, 1 'drains (for example, by introducing water into them under pressure, which would even allow them to unclog them). Moreover, in the if the surface being drained is snowed or freezing, it would be possible to introduce hot air into said channels 7, 9 water evacuation to melt snow or ice. Too it would be possible to introduce cold air, which would lower the temperature close to the surface to drain. It would even be possible introducing aromas in said water drainage channels 7, 9, which that would allow to aromatize the surface to drain.

Those skilled in the art will understand that in the described embodiments can be entered modifications without altering the essentiality of the invention. Thus, for example, the holes 2, 2 'could be of shapes different to those described, and exist in each slab 1, 1 'draining 2, 2 'holes of different shapes; or nerves 6, 8 they could have a different shape than the trapezoidal, or not be continuous, or not to be equidistant (then determining channels 7, 9 of water evacuation of different widths). The number of nerves 6, 8 could also be different from the one described (there could even be external nerves 6, 8 only, in certain cases), and even, in the drainage system depicted in figures 7 and 8, it could it happens that the draining 1 'slab did not have the same number of nerves 8 than the number of nerves 6 of the lower rib 5 slab. All these variants, as well as other conceivable ones, are found included in the invention. Therefore, to determine the scope of the invention the claims should be taken into account Attached more than the description above.

Claims (21)

1. Slab (1) (1 ') flat top surface drainage, characterized by a plurality of holes (2) (2') that cross the slab (1) (1 ') draining throughout its thickness. 2. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to the claim 1, wherein the holes (2) (2 ') have a shape conical trunk 3. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to the claim 1, wherein the holes (2) (2 ') are Circular 4. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to the claim 3, wherein the diameter of the holes (2) (2 ') It is between approximately 10 mm. and approximately 20 mm. 5. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to the claim 1, wherein the holes (2) (2 ') are rectangular. 6. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to the claim 5, wherein the holes (2) (2 ') have an area between 10x50 mm. squares and approximately 12x55 mm. squares. 7. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to the claim 1, wherein the holes (2) (2 ') are a combination of holes (2) (2 ') conical, circular and / or rectangular. 8. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the separation between holes (2) (2 ') is between approximately 20 cm. Y about 40 cm 9. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to any of the preceding claims, the thickness of which is between about 5 cm and about 15 cm. 10. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to any of the preceding claims, the length of which is between approximately 5 m. and approximately 10 m., and whose width is between approximately 1.25 m. and approximately 2.5 m. 11. Draining slab (1 ') according to any of the preceding claims, further characterized by a plurality of ribs (8). 12. Draining slab (1 ') according to claim 11, wherein said plurality of ribs (8) comprises at least two outer nerves that delimit the ends of the slab (1 ') draining 13. Draining slab (1 ') according to claim 12, in which the two outer nerves are shaped like half of trapezoid, defining a straight vertical exterior surface. 14. Draining slab (1 ') according to claim 13, in which the nerves (8) are five nerves (8) equidistant, separated from each other by a distance, in each case, from approximately 50 cm 15. Draining slab (1 ') according to claim 14, in which the three central nerves are shaped trapezoidal 16. Draining slab (1 ') according to claim 14 or 15, in which the central nerve has a base of about 12 cm 17. Draining slab (1 ') according to claim 14, 15 or 16, in which the two nerves adjacent to the central have a base of approximately 7 cm. 18. Slab (1 ') draining according to any of the claims 12 to 17, wherein the basis of each of the External nerves is approximately 5 cm. 19. Draining slab (1 ') according to any of the claims 11 to 18, wherein the height of all nerves (8) is between about 10 cm. and approximately 13 cm. 20. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to any of the preceding claims, 11 further characterized in that it is entirely made of reinforced concrete. 21. Slab (1) (1 ') draining according to any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that it is prefabricated.